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Basic Concept of Programming Language PDF

The document discusses the basic concepts of programming languages including: what a programming language is, fundamental concepts like syntax, variables, control statements and data structures, what an algorithm is and how to represent it using flow charts and pseudocode. It provides examples of adding two numbers and finding the largest of three numbers to illustrate algorithms, flow charts and pseudocode.

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Lakindu Pathiarana
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106 views15 pages

Basic Concept of Programming Language PDF

The document discusses the basic concepts of programming languages including: what a programming language is, fundamental concepts like syntax, variables, control statements and data structures, what an algorithm is and how to represent it using flow charts and pseudocode. It provides examples of adding two numbers and finding the largest of three numbers to illustrate algorithms, flow charts and pseudocode.

Uploaded by

Lakindu Pathiarana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
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BASIC CONCEPT

OF
PROGRAMMING
LANGUAGE
DHANUSHKA AKILA SAMARANAYAKE

B.SC. (IN USJP)

SENIOR QUALITY ENGINEER AT WILEY


GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY PVT LTD
TOPICS

• What is a Programming language?


• Fundamental concepts of programming Language
• What is an Algorithm
• Flow Chats
• Pseudocode
WHAT IS A PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE?

• As we know, to communicate with a person, we need a specific language, similarly to


communicating with computers, programmers also need a language called Programming
language.
• A programming language is a computer language that is used by programmers
(developers) to communicate with computers.
• It is a set of instructions written in any specific language ( C, C++, Java, Python) to
perform a specific task.
TYPES OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE

• Low-level programming language


• Machine Language
• Assembly Language

• High-level programming language


• Ex : C++, Java, Python, C#
BASIC FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS OF
PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
• Syntax
• In computer science, the syntax of a programming language is the set of rules that define the combinations of symbols that are
considered to be correctly structured programs in that language.

• Variables
• Variables are the backbone of any program, and thus the backbone of any computer programming language.

• Control statements
• IF CONDITIONS
• LOOPING

• Data Structures
• In computer science, a data structure is a particular way of storing and organizing data in a computer so that it can be used
efficiently

• Tools (IDE)
WHAT IS AN ALGORITHMS

• In computer programming terms, an algorithm is


a set of well-defined instructions to solve a
particular problem.
• It takes a set of input(s) and produces the
desired output.
• For example
• An algorithm to add two numbers:
• Take two number inputs
• Add numbers using the + operator
• Display the result
FLOW CHARTS

• A flowchart is a diagrammatic representation of an algorithm.


• A flowchart can be helpful for both writing programs and explaining the program to
others.
FLOW CHARTS

1. Exercise 1
• Write the algorithm and draw a flow chart for adding two numbers entered by the user.

2. Group Exercise 1
• Write the algorithm and draw a flow chart to find the largest among three different numbers
entered by the user.
PSEUDO CODE

• Pseudo code is a term which is often used in programming and algorithm-based fields.
• It is a methodology that allows the programmer to represent the implementation of an
algorithm.
• It’s simply an implementation of an algorithm in the form of annotations and informative
text written in plain English
• It has no syntax like any of the programming language and thus can’t be compiled or
interpreted by the computer.
PSEUDO CODE …

• let us understand pseudo code with an example.


• INPUT – indicates a user will be inputting something
• OUTPUT – indicates that an output will appear on the screen
• WHILE – a loop (iteration that has a condition at the beginning)
• FOR – a counting loop (iteration)
• REPEAT – UNTIL – a loop (iteration) that has a condition at the end
• IF – THEN – ELSE – a decision (selection) in which a choice is made
• any instructions that occur inside a selection or iteration are usually indented
EXAMPLE

• WRITE A PSEUDOCODE TO
FIND THE GREATEST OF
THREE NUMBERS.
SUMMARY

• What is a Programming language?


• Fundamental concepts of programming Language
• What is an Algorithm
• Flow Chats and how to draw
• Pseudo code
ANY
QUESTIONS
THANK YOU

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