West Visayas State University
(Formerly Iloilo Normal School)
POTOTAN CAMPUS
School of Education
Brgy. Cau-ayan, Pototan, Iloilo, Philippines 5008
* Trunkline: (063) (033) 529-8716 * Telefax No.: (033) 529-8716
* Website: www.wvsu.edu.ph *Email Address:
Chapter 1
Introduction
This chapter includes the background of the study, theoretical
framework, statement of the problem, hypothesis, conceptual framework,
significance of the study, definition of terms, delimitation of the study.
Background of the Study
The classroom is a formal learning environment. There should be a
standard classroom designed for educational purposes, with the teacher and
pupils/students interacting. It is where students will learn about their place in
the world and the gifts they have to offer. A place where the student
develops a vision for their future as well as knowledge of the skills required to
achieve that vision. With the classroom being such an important place in a
child's development, it is critical to understand how to influence this
environment in order to receive maximum benefit. Many things have changed
in the classroom environment since face-to-face classes were reinstated after
how many years. As a result, a large chunk of a child's time is spent back
sitting in a school classroom.
West Visayas State University
(Formerly Iloilo Normal School)
POTOTAN CAMPUS
School of Education
Brgy. Cau-ayan, Pototan, Iloilo, Philippines 5008
* Trunkline: (063) (033) 529-8716 * Telefax No.: (033) 529-8716
* Website: www.wvsu.edu.ph *Email Address:
In reality how the classroom environment imply to the teaching-
learning process.Every classroom has an environment or climate that can
have a significant impact on students' success. Real learning and conversation
cannot occur in the absence of a supportive environment. Classroom
environment is an important topic that every teacher should be aware of
because these are issues that occur in every classroom and have an impact
on the teaching and learning processes.
According to Wilen et al. (2004) classroom environment is fundamental
to the success of teaching and learning. In the classroom,it should be much
more than discipline and rules. This must be a place where students are
inspire and comfortable in exploring the academic world. A classroom may
offers a wholesome venue for learning activities which can be realized only in
an atmosphere conducive to both teaching and learning process which has a
stimulating and pleasant physical surrounding and healthful condition.
Denise Young (2004) stated that the physical aspect of a classroom
includes room arrangement, seating, bulletin boards and black/ white board
displays and physical climate should be carefully considered with both
individual student's needs and instructional goals in mind. The physical
climate of the classroom may exert an influence in the social interaction
among the personalities in class but may not contribute as much as the
classroom social interaction.
West Visayas State University
(Formerly Iloilo Normal School)
POTOTAN CAMPUS
School of Education
Brgy. Cau-ayan, Pototan, Iloilo, Philippines 5008
* Trunkline: (063) (033) 529-8716 * Telefax No.: (033) 529-8716
* Website: www.wvsu.edu.ph *Email Address:
Walberg (1974) opined that the classroom psychological or social
environment refers to the climate or atmosphere of a class as a social group
that potentially influences what students learn.
Moss and Trickit (1974) said that the classroom learning environment
is a dynamical social system which includes not only teachers' behaviour and
teacher - student interaction but student - student as well". Fraser (1991)
explained the concept of classroom environment as: “Classroom learning
environment carries a variety of meanings; it generally refers to the total
climate, structures, processes, ethos within class rooms which are integral
elements affecting student's learning" (P231). Morover Asiyai (2014) reports
that the classroom environment has a significant impact on the motivation
and learning of students including. Maxwell (2016) also found that the
students` performance is connected to the building condition mediated by
social climate and student attendance. Suleman & Hussain(2014) opined that
a well-managed and vibrant classroom environment makes a positive impact
on the academic performance of students. Turano (2005) also reports that
students and teachers in conducive classroom environment tend to perform
well. Suleman & Hussain (2014) examined effect of classroom physical
environment and the performance of control and experimental groups. The
findings revealed that the students of experimental group showed better
performance as compared to the students of control group. Sang
West Visayas State University
(Formerly Iloilo Normal School)
POTOTAN CAMPUS
School of Education
Brgy. Cau-ayan, Pototan, Iloilo, Philippines 5008
* Trunkline: (063) (033) 529-8716 * Telefax No.: (033) 529-8716
* Website: www.wvsu.edu.ph *Email Address:
(2013)established that pupil’s text book ratio and the classroom size were the
major contributors to poor performance in mathematics within pioneer zone.
Umar (2017) found that classroom environment has strong influence on the
academic performance of the students.
West Visayas State University
(Formerly Iloilo Normal School)
POTOTAN CAMPUS
School of Education
Brgy. Cau-ayan, Pototan, Iloilo, Philippines 5008
* Trunkline: (063) (033) 529-8716 * Telefax No.: (033) 529-8716
* Website: www.wvsu.edu.ph *Email Address:
Theoretical Framework
Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory
West Visayas State University
(Formerly Iloilo Normal School)
POTOTAN CAMPUS
School of Education
Brgy. Cau-ayan, Pototan, Iloilo, Philippines 5008
* Trunkline: (063) (033) 529-8716 * Telefax No.: (033) 529-8716
* Website: www.wvsu.edu.ph *Email Address:
Statement of the Problem
This study aims to determine the implication of the classroom
environment to teaching and learning process among the pupils and teachers.
Spefically, this study seeks to answer the following questions:
1. What are the implication of classroom environment to the teaching and
learning process as classified according to class size, physical facilities and
classroom ventilation?
2. Is there a significance difference in the implication of classroom
environment to the teaching and learning process as classified according to
class size, physical facilities and clasroom ventilation?
Hypothesis
For the purpose of this study, the following null hypothesis will be
tested at 0.05 level of significance.
There is no significance difference in teaching and learning process as
perceived by teachers and students with the classroom environment as
classified to class size,
West Visayas State University
(Formerly Iloilo Normal School)
POTOTAN CAMPUS
School of Education
Brgy. Cau-ayan, Pototan, Iloilo, Philippines 5008
* Trunkline: (063) (033) 529-8716 * Telefax No.: (033) 529-8716
* Website: www.wvsu.edu.ph *Email Address:
