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Validation and Validity

The document discusses validation and validity in testing. It defines validation as collecting evidence to support a test's meaningfulness and usefulness. Validity refers to how well a test measures what it aims to measure. There are three main types of validity evidence: content-related, criterion-related, and construct-related. Reliability is the consistency of scores and is related to validity - a test cannot be valid if it is not reliable.

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1K views10 pages

Validation and Validity

The document discusses validation and validity in testing. It defines validation as collecting evidence to support a test's meaningfulness and usefulness. Validity refers to how well a test measures what it aims to measure. There are three main types of validity evidence: content-related, criterion-related, and construct-related. Reliability is the consistency of scores and is related to validity - a test cannot be valid if it is not reliable.

Uploaded by

moyesa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Validation and

Validity
The purpose of validation is to determine the
characteristics of the whole test itself, namely the
validity and reliability of the test.

Validation is the process of collecting and


analyzing evidence to support the meaningfulness
and usefulness of the test.
Validity
- is the extent to which a test measures what it
purports to measure or as referring to the
appropriateness, correctness, meaningfulness,
and usefulness of the specific decisions a teacher
makes based on the test results.

- A test is valid when it is aligned with the learning


outcomes.
Three main types of evidence:

1) Content-related evidence of validity


2) Criterion-related evidence of validity, and
3) Construct-related evidence of validity
Content-related evidence of validity
refers to the content and format of the instrument. how
appropriate is the content? how comprehensive? does it
logically get at the intended variable? how adequately
does the sample of questions represent the content to
be assessed?
Criterion-related evidence of validity

refers to the relationship between scores obtained


using the instruments and scores obtained using
one or more other tests (often called criterion).

Gronlund suggested the so-called expectancy table.


Grade Point Average

Test Score Very Good Good Needs Improvement

High 20 10 5
       
Average 10 25 5
       
Low 1 10 14
 

Construct-related evidence of validity


refers to the nature of the psychological construct or
characteristics being measured by the test. How well does a
measure of the construct explain differences in the behavior
of the individuals or their performance on a certain task?
Reliability
refers to the consistency of the scores obtained -how
consistent they are for each individual from one
administration of an instrument to another and from one set
of items to another.

Reliability and validity are related concepts. If an instrument is


unreliable, It cannot yet valid outcomes. As reliability improves,
validity may improve (or it may not). if an instrument is shown
scientifically to be valid then it is almost certain that it is also
reliable.
The following table is a standard followed almost universally in educational
test and measurement.
for listening!

Maria June Moyesa Ganas


Reporter

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