Name: Janna L.

Dequito Date: April 19, 2023

Course&Year: BSEd-Sci 2A Subject: CARESS 101

A DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN SCIENCE 8

I. OBJECTIVES
A. Content Standards
The learners demonstrate an understanding of 1.) the digestive system and its
interaction with the circulatory, respiratory, and excretory systems in providing the
body with nutrients for energy, 2.) diseases that result from nutrient deficiency and
ingestion of harmful substances, and their prevention and treatment.
B. Performance Standards
The learners should be able to present an analysis of the data gathered on disease
resulting from nutrient deficiency.
C. Learning Competency
The learners should be able to explain ingestion, absorption, assimilation, and
excretion (S8LT-IVa13)
II. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
Within the 60 minutes lesson, the learners will be able to:
1.) Define the digestive system
2.) Describe the different processes involved in digestion
3.) Cite the importance of maintaining a healthy digestive system
III. LEARNING RESOURCES
A. Topic: The Digestive System
B. Science Concepts
Digestive System - the organs that take in food and liquids and break them down
into substances that the body can use for energy, growth, and tissue repair
Ingestion - the taking in of food
Absorption - the simple molecules that result from chemical digestion pass
through cell membranes of the lining in the small intestine into the blood or lymph
capillaries
Assimilation - the movement of the digested food molecules into the cells of the
body from where they are used
Excretion - the process of removing wastes and excess water from the body
C. Process Skills: Identifying, Analyzing, and Interpreting
D. Value Focus: Honesty, Cooperation
E. Teaching Strategies: Collaborative Approach
F. Materials: Visual aids, gloves, orange juice, water, a bowl with crackers and
banana, a plastic cup, stocking, a ziplock bag, and styro cups
G. References:
1.) [Link]
2.) [Link]
and-regulation/
3.) [Link]

IV. DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

 Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

I. Pre-Activity
Everybody stand up and let us feel the
presence of our Lord.
Good morning, everyone! Good morning, ma’am!
Who are absent for today? None, ma’am.

II. Activity Proper:

A. Elicit
Class, can anyone tell me what our
topic was last meeting? The discussion last meeting was all about
the types of volcanoes.
Very good! And what are the three main
types of volcanoes? Cinder cone, shield, and composite.

Correct! Can anyone distinguish each

type of volcano? Composite cones are tall, cone-shaped
volcanoes that produce explosive
eruptions. Shield volcanoes form very
large, gently sloped volcanoes with a
wide base. Cinder cones are the smallest
volcanic landform and they are formed
from accumulation of many small
fragments of ejected material.

Precisely! Now, does anyone here still None, Ma’am..

have questions about our previous topic?

B. Engage
If there are no more questions, let us
proceed to our next topic.
I have prepared here a few pictures and
you need to guess the word being
represented. Are you ready? Yes, ma’am.
Stomach!
( 1st picture )
Intestines!
Correct! Next picture. ( 2 Picture )
nd

System!
Very good! Last one. ( 3rd Picture )

All of your answers are correct. Where

In the abdomen.
are these organs located in our bodies?
Right! And what do you think happens I think our stomach digests the food that
in our bodies when we eat? we eat.
The digestive system, ma’am.
Exactly! Based on the pictures and the
questions that I asked you, what do you
think is our topic for today?
Precisely! Our lesson for today is about
Within the 60 minutes lesson, the learners
The Digestive System.
will be able to:
These are the things that are expected
1.) Define the digestive system
of you to achieve. Please read, everyone.
2.) Describe the different processes
involved in digestion
3.) Cite the importance of maintaining a
healthy digestive system

C. Explore
Now, I will group you into 2 groups.
This group will be group 1 ( right side )
and this group will be group 2 ( left
side ).
I have prepared a set of materials for
you to use: gloves, orange juice, water, a
bowl with crackers and banana, a plastic
cup with a stocking attached to it, a
ziplock bag, and 2 styro cups with one
having a hole at the bottom.
The instructions are: 1.) First, put the
crackers and banana or cheese curls and
banana into the ziplock bag. 2.) Next,
pour in the orange juice and water inside
the ziplock and squash it all up. 3.)
When it becomes thick in consistency,
transfer the food into the cup with a
stocking attached to it; squeeze the food
through the stocking and make sure a
bowl catches the liquid oozing out from
the crushed food. 4.) Next, make a hole
in the stocking using scissors and
transfer the waste food into a styro cup
with a hole in the bottom, make sure
there’s a bowl under it. 5.) Lastly, use Yes, ma’am!
another cup to push the remaining waste
food out of the hole and into a bowl. 6.) ( Students start doing the activity )
Choose a reporter to share to the whole
class what you have observed.
Make sure to maintain a clean working
area, understood?
( Students put their work in front and start
I’ll give you 15 minutes to complete
to describe what they did in the activity.)
the task, time starts now.
5 minutes left.
Time is up! Kindly put your completed By opening first the ziplock and putting
work on my table and select a reporter in the food.
to describe what you did in the activity
and what the result is. We open our mouths first and take in
 food.
D. Explain
Based on the activity, how does the
food- banana, crackers, and cheese curls-
enter the body?
Correct! And how is that similar to
when we eat?

Yes! That is now the process of

ingestion. Ingestion is the taking in of
food where it is broken down by the teeth
into smaller pieces. The presence of food
in the mouth triggers a nervous reflex that
causes the salivary glands to deliver a
watery fluid called saliva to the mouth. I think the mouth, ma’am.
Saliva moistens and lubricates the food,
with the aid of a slippery substance called
Orange juice and water were added to the
mucin, making swallowing easier as well
ziplock bag, along with the banana,
as dissolving some of the food and
crackers, or cheese curls. They were then
allowing it to be tasted. With that being
crushed using our hands.
said, what organs do you think are
involved during ingestion? The stomach!
Very good! The organs involved in this
process are: the mouth and esophagus.
What happened next in the activity?

Our bodies do that too! Can you

guess which organ?

Exactly! After ingestion, digestion The crushed food is placed in the plastic
occurs. This is the process of breaking cup with a stocking attached to it and the
down food into smaller components excess liquid goes to a separate bowl.
through mechanical and chemical
processes. The continual churning
movements of the muscular walls of the
stomach mix food with a digestive fluid
known as gastric juices. Eventually, the
food is reduced to a creamy paste known
as chyme.
After that, what happened next?

Very good! Once food is digested into

smaller molecules, absorption and
assimilation takes place. In Absorption,
digested food products are absorbed into
the blood stream and transported into
cells Although the entire small intestines
are involved in the absorption of water
and lipids, most absorption of
carbohydrates and protein occurs in the
jejunum. In our activity, this is
represented by the bowl that holds the
excess liquid. After that, Assimilation
occurs. In this process, the absorbed A hole was created on the stocking and
simple molecules are carried to different the churned food was transferred into a
organs of the body by blood vessels to styro cup with a hole in the bottom.
build complex substances like proteins. Another cup was used to push the
For example, glucose is used in remaining waste food out of the hole and
respiration to provide energy, and also into a bowl.
amino acids are used to build new
proteins. The fate of the absorbed food
glucose for energy production, amino
acids for building up body materials, and
fats for energy reserve. The key products
of Absorption are fructose, amino acids,
fatty acids, etc., while the key products of
assimilation are new proteins.
And then what happened next?

The digestive system.

Very good! This represents the process
of excretion or elimination. Undigested
food residues are egested from the body
as semi-solid faeces. Chyme passes from
the small intestine through the large
intestine. Due to the dehydration of any
remaining nutrients and water, the chyme
becomes compact and the large intestine
temporarily stores the feces prior to
elimination. The concentrated waste
material or feces are then passed into the
rectum and eliminated through the anus. It is important to keep our digestive
All these processes – ingestion, digestion, system healthy since through it, we are
absorption, assimilation, and excretion- able to keep our bodies healthy also.
are all part of a certain system. What do
you think that is? We must keep our digestive system
Yes, correct! The digestive system are healthy since it brings nutrients in our
the organs that take in food and liquids bodies.
and break them down into substances that
the body can use for energy, growth, and
tissue repair. It mainly includes the
mouth, pharynx (throat), esophagus,
stomach, small intestine, large intestine,
rectum, and anus.

E. Elaborate
 Based from the information that you
have learned, why do you think it is
important to keep our digestive system By eating healthy foods!
healthy?
By drinking plenty of water.

Exactly! Does anyone else have an

answer?

Very good! The digestive system plays

a major role in your overall health as it
brings nutrients to your body. Without
good digestive health, we will
experience a host of uncomfortable
symptoms such as abdominal pain,
bloating, indigestion, and more. If your
digestive system isn’t strong you may
not be effectively absorbing all the
nutrients and energy from the food you
are eating.
How can we keep our digestive system
healthy?
Precisely! Some more answers?

That’s right! In order for us to keep our

digestive system healthy, we must eat
healthy foods, stay hydrated, take
probiotics, do exercises, and see the
doctor. Consuming healthy food means
eating plenty of fruits, vegetables and
both insoluble and soluble fiber. Soluble
fiber found in foods like oat bran,
barley, nuts, seeds, and beans helps your
digestive system absorb water. Insoluble None, ma’am.
fiber found in foods like wheat bran,
vegetables, and whole grains keeps
everything moving through your
digestive tract. Staying hydrated is a
must as well. Drinking plenty of water
helps your digestive system to function
smoothly. Typically, it’s recommended
that women drink 2.7 liters of water per
day, and that men drink 3.7 liters per
day. Next, taking probiotics. Probiotics
are the good bacteria in your stomach.
They can be added to your diet by eating
yogurt, fermented foods or can be
consumed in daily supplements.
Another is engaging in physical
activities. Exercise increases blood flow
and metabolism for smoother digestion.
 Lastly, seeing a doctor. If you
experience digestive problems regularly,
it’s important to see a doctor who can
help track your digestive health and
manage your symptoms.
Okay, are there anymore questions
regarding our topic for today?
If none, get ½ crosswise sheet of pad
paper because we will be having a quiz.

F. Evaluation
I. Multiple Choice
Encircle the letter of the best answer.
1.) What is the digestive system?
a. The organs that food and liquids travel through when they are
swallowed, digested, absorbed, and leave the body as faeces.
b. The network of organs and tissues that help you breath.
c. The system that contains the heart and the blood vessels and moves
blood throughout the body.
d. The organs that carries food in our bodies.
2.) What are the processes involved in the digestive system?
a. Respiration, digestion, ingestion, assimilation, excretion
b. Ingestion, digestion, pumping, assimilation, excretion
c. Ingestion, digestion, assimilation, absorption, production
d. Ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation, excretion
3.) What happens during excretion?
a. The taking in of food.
b. The removing of wastes and excess water from the body
c. The breaking down of food inside the body
d. The absorption of nutrients inside the body
4.) How does assimilation takes place?
a. Absorbed simple molecules are carried to different organs in the body.
b. Simple, water-soluble fragments are being absorbed into the
bloodstream.
c. Food is taken into the mouth where it is physically broken down by the
teeth into smaller pieces.
d. Food parses through the GI tract, and mixes with digestive juices,
causing large molecules to break down into smaller molecules.
5.) Is a healthy digestive system essential?
a. Yes, because you are what you eat.
b. No, it is not that important.
c. Yes, because the digestive system brings nutrients to our bodies.
d. No, it is not as important as the other systems in the body.
[Link] or False
Write T if the statement is true, and F if the statement is false.
__ 1.) A healthy digestive system is not needed for achieving a healthy body.
__ 2.) The process of digesting food is: ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation,
and excretion.
__ 3.) Ingestion is the process of breaking down into smaller components through
mechanical or chemical processes.
__ 4.) One can keep his/her digestive system healthy by engaging in physical
activities and by frequently eating fatty foods.
__ 5.) Absorption is the process pf absorbing digested food products into the blood
stream and transported to cells.
G. Extend
Directions: In a ½ crosswise sheet of pad paper, research 5 possible diseases that
could occur if we don’t take care of our digestive system.