EXPLANATION TEXT
TEXT 1
What is water pollution? Water pollution is what happens when factories, wastewater treatment
plants, construction sites, and people put things in the water that make it dirty. At one, factories
dumped untreated waste into the water. This is anexample of water pollution. Not only does water
pollution come from what is dumpedinto the water, but what is dumped on the land. When you put
trash in a storm drain, toilet or in a body of water (rivers, lakes, streams, oceans) it causes the water to
be polluted. Just think, if someone were changing their oil on their car and they dumped the oil on
theground, what would happen? Would you want to eat the fish that came from a waterway where
you knew that oil went? Even today, accidents on ships and off-shore drilling rigsspill oil into the
oceans. Animal waste run off from livestock feedlots seeps intogroundwater, lakes, rivers and
streams that eventually make it to the ocean. Fertilizers and pesticides wash off from fields and
forests and soak into lakes, rivers, streams and groundwater. Wastes from mines drain into water.
Garbage disposals and toilets are also a largewaste contributor
1. The main idea of the text is ...........................C
A. sources of water pollution are varied
B. some materials are potential pollutants
C. water pollution is caused by many factors
D. human activities are main causes of pollution
E. water pollution is a body of water affected by impurities in it
TEXT 2
Climate change is the consequence of unchecked pollution. When carbon emissions
caused by human activity enter the air they have dong.ous effects on the environment,
the economy, and our wellbeing. But just as humans cause it, we can stop its progress.
Climate change is caused by trapping excess carbon in Earth's atmosphere. This trapped
carbon pollution heats up, altering the Earth's climate patterns. The largest source of this
pollution is the burning of fossil fuels such as coal and oil for energy.
While carbon has entered the atmosphere for millions of years through natural events such
as forest fires and volcanoes, the burning of fossil fuels and the clearing of land have
resulted in the highest levels of greenhouse pollution in our atmosphere in the last 800,000
years. The Earth's atmosphere has evolved to retain sufficient warmth from thesun to
encourage a healthy, dynamic ecosystem, while shielding us from its harsher effects. The
introduction of huge amounts of excess pollutants thickens this blanket ofprotective gases,
causing heat to remain trapped within, rather than harmlessly escaping skywards. These
gases can remain in our atmosphere for up to 90 years, contributing to long-term warming.
2. What is the topic of the text?E
A. Processes in the event of greenhouse pollution.
B. Relationships between pollution and climate.
C. Effects of air pollution on the atmosphere
D. Meanings of global warming.
E. Causes of climate change.
TEXT 3
The concept of ecotourism is one of ambiguity and dispute. There is no universal
definition for ecotourism, nor is there a certifying agency. A common misconception is
that ecotourism is just nature-based tourism, the act of surrounding yourself with natures
little wonders. The truth is far more complex. Ecotourism has to be both ecologically and
socially conscious. Its goal is to minimize the impact that tourism has on an area
through cooperation and management and in some case it even encourages travelers to
have a positive impact on their new surroundings. A commonly accepted definition of
ecotourism is as follows: "Responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment
and improves the well being of local people" Ideally, ecotourism should reflect these:
Minimizing the negative impacts of tourism, contributing to conservation efforts,
employing locally and giving money back to the community, educating visitors about
the local environment and culture, cooperating with local people to manage natural areas,
and providing a positive experience for both visitor and host.
3. The main idea of the text is .....................D
A. people tend to think ecotourism inaccurately
B. the key to ecotourism is conservation and economic growth
C. ecotourism is more complicated than usual tourism in practice
D. for tourism to be considered ecotourism, it must do good things to nature
E. ecotourists do no harm to nature but help local people manage environment
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