Introduction to

COMPUTER
NETWORK
COMPUTER NETWORK

Is defined as the interconnection of two

or more computers. It is done to enable
the computers to communicate and
share available resources.
COMPUTER NETWORK

Is a group of devices connected with

each other through a transmission
medium such as wires, cables etc. These
devices can be computers, printers,
scanners, Fax machines etc.
COMPUTER NETWORK
The purpose of having computer
network is to send and receive data
stores in other devices over the network.
These devices are often referred as
nodes.

Nodes – is a connection point that can

receive, create, store or send data along
distributed network routes.
Five basic components of a
network:
Five basic components of a computer
network:
Message – it is the data or information
which needs to be transferred from one
device to another device over a
computer network.

Sender – is the device that has the data

and needs to send the data to other
device connected to the network.
Five basic components of a computer
network:
Receiver – is the device which is
expecting the data from other device on
the network.

Transmission media- use to transfer data

from one device to another device
through wires, cables, radio waves etc.
Five basic components of a computer
network:
Protocol – is a set of rules that are
agreed by both sender and receiver,
without a protocol two devices can be
connected to each other but they cannot
communicate.
Networks are used
 Sharing of resources such as printers
 Sharing of expensive software’s and database
 Communication from one computer to another
computer
 Exchange of data and information among users via
network
 Sharing of information over geographically
wide area
Components of Computer

 Two or more computers

 Cables as linked between the computers
 A network interfacing card (NIC) on each
other. The main purpose of NIC is to format
the data, send the data and receive the data
at the receiving node.
 Switches
 Software called Operating System (OS)
Network
 The network benefits can be divided into
two categories:

 Sharing
 Connectivity
Sharing
 Types of resources are:

1. Hardware: A network allows users to

share many hardware devices such as printers,
modems, fax machine, CD ROM, players, etc.

2. Software: sharing software resources

reduces the cost of software installation,
saves space on hard disk.
Other Benefits of Computer

 Increased speed
 Reduces cost
 Improves security
 Centralized software managements
 Electronic mail
 Flexible access
Disadvantages of Computer

 High cost of installation

 Requires times for administration

 Failure of server

 Cable faults
Assignment: Print in Short Bond
1. What are the 5 most common type
of computer networking?
2. Illustrate the 5 most common type of
computer network and their
functions.
NO. TYPE OF COMPUTER ILLUSTRATION FUNCTION
NETWORK

1
2
3
4
5
Assignment: Print in Short Bond
1. Give 2 advantages of a computer
network.
2. Give 2 disadvantages of a
computer network.
3. What type of computer network do
you think our school has installed?
4. What is peer-to-peer network?
Illustrate sample.