GENERAL KINDS OF LIE
WHITE LIE OR BENIGN LIE- these are the kinds of lies used to protect or maintain the harmony
of friendship or any relationship.
PATHOLIGICAL LIE- this is a lie made by persons who cannot distinguish right from wrong.
RED LIE- this involves political interests and motives because this is a part of communist
propaganda strategy. This is prevalent in communist countries or communist infested nations. Example:
Propaganda-brain-wasting and blackmailing via espionage and treason.
BLACK LIE- a lie which accompanies pretensions and hypocrites, intriguing to cause dishonor or
discredit one’s good image.
MALICIOUS OR JUDICIAL LIE- this is very pure and unjustifiable kind of lie that is intended purely
to mislead or obstruct justice.
OTHER KINDS OF LIE
FABRICATION- a lie told when someone submits a statement as truth, without knowing for certain
whether or not it actually is true. Although the statement may be possible or plausible, it is not based on
fact. Rather, it is something made up, or it is a misrepresentation of the truth. Examples of fabrication:
“the dog ate my homework”, or “I did unplug the iron”.
- The action or process of manufacturing something.
- A falsehood or lie.
BOLD-FACED LIE/BALD-FACED LIE- is one which is told when it is obvious, to all concerned that it is a
lie. For example, a child who has chocolate all around his mouth and denies that he has eaten any
chocolate is a bald-faced liar.
LYING BY OMISSION- one lies by omission by omitting an important fact, deliberately leaving
another person with a misconception. Lying by omission includes failures to correct pre-existing
misconception. For example, a husband may tell his wife he was out a store, which is true, but lie by
omitting the fact that he also visited his mistress, although it is disputable whether or not this is actually
a lie.
- Answering a question with a question does not dear the lie. Lying by omission is still lying.
LIE-TO-CHILDREN- often a platitude which may use euphemism, which is told to make an adult
subject acceptable to children.
NOBLE LIE- one which would normally cause if it were uncovered, but which offers some benefit to the
liar and assists in an orderly society, therefore potentially beneficial to others. It is often told to maintain
law, order and safety.
EMERGENCY LIE- is a strategic lie when the truth may not be told because it may harm a third
party. For example, a neighbor might lie to an enraged husband about the whereabouts of his unfaithful
wife, because said husband might reasonably be expected to inflict physical injury should he encounter
his wife in person. Alternatively, an emergency lie could denote a (temporary) lie told to a second
person because of the presence of a third.
PERJURY- It is the act of lying or making verifiably false statements on a material matter under oath or
affirmation in a court of law or in any of various sworn statements in writing.
PERJURY is a crime because the witness has sworn to tell the truth and, for the credibility of the court,
witness testimony must be relied on an being truthful.
BLUFFING
Pretending to have capability or intention one doesn’t. Bluffing is an act of deception that is not usually
seen as immortal because it takes place in the context of a game where this kind of deception is
consented to in advance by the players.
MISLEADING
A misleading statement is one where there isn’t an outright lie, but still has the purpose of making
someone believe in an untruth.
DISSEMBLING- A polite term for lying, though some might consider it to refer to being merely
misleading.
It is merely considered to be a euphemism for lying.
EUPHEMISM- a mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be harsh or blunt
when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing.
EXAGGERATION- An exaggeration occurs when the most fundamental aspect of a statement is true, but
the degree to which it is true is not correct.
JOCOSE LIE
-Are lies that are meant in jest and are usually understood as such by all present parties.
-Sarcasm can be an example
-Storytelling tradition that are present in some places, where the humor comes from the storyteller’s
insistence that he or she is telling the absolute truth despite all evidence to the contrary.
PROMOTION LIES
Advertisements often contain statement that are not credible, such as “we are always happy to give a
refund.”
TYPES OF LIES
PRO SOCIAL- Lying to protect someone to benefit or help others.
SELFISH- Lying to protect self at the expense of another and/or to conceal a misdeed.
SELF ENHANCEMENT- Lying to save face to avoid embarrassment, disapproval or punishment.
ANTISOCIAL- Lying to hurt someone intentionally.
