EXPERIMENT NO:
TITLE:- IC555 AS MONOSTABLE MULTIVIBRATOR.
OBJECTIVE:-
1. To assemble the circuit of MONOSTABLE MULTIVIBRATOR using IC555.
2. To observe and plot the output voltage waveform (output voltage & voltage across
capacitor) of MONOSTABLE MULTIVIBRATOR.
LAB REQUIREMENTS:-
1. Breadboard,
2. IC555, Resistor R, Capacitor (C),
3. DC regulated Dual power supply (0-30V )
4. CRO/DSO and connecting wires/Probes.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:-
Fig 1: Circuit Diagram
THEORY:-
Monostable multivibrator often called a one shot multivibrator is a pulse generating
circuit in which the duration of this pulse is determined by the RC network connected
externally to the 555 timer. In a stable or standby state, the output of the circuit is
approximately zero or a logic-low level. When external trigger pulse is applied (See
circuit diagram) output is forced to go high (≈ VCC). The time for which output remains high
is determined by the external RC network connected to the timer. At the end of the timing
interval, the output automatically reverts back to its logic-low stable state. The output
stays low until trigger pulse is again applied. Then the cycle repeats. The monostable
circuit has only one stable state (output low) hence the name monostable.
Initially when the circuit is in the stable state i.e, when the output is low, transistor Q in
IC 555 is ON and the capacitor C is shorted out to ground. Upon the application of a
negative trigger pulse to pin 2, transistor Q is turned OFF, which releases the short circuit across
the external capacitor C and drives the output high. The capacitor C now starts charging
up towards VCC through R. When the voltage across the capacitor equals 2/3VCC, the
upper comparator’s (see schematics of IC 555) output switches from low to high, which in turn
drives the output to its low state via the output of the flip-flop. At the same time the output of
the flip-flop turns transistor Q ON and hence the capacitor C rapidly discharges through the
transistor. The output of the monostable remains low until a trigger pulse is again applied.
Then the cycle repeats. The pulse width of the trigger input must be smaller than the expected
pulse width of the output waveform. Also the trigger pulse must be a negative going input signal
with amplitude larger than 1/3 VCC.
The pulse width can be calculated as,
T= 1.1 R.C.
Once triggered, the circuit’s output will remain in the high state until the set time, T,
elapses. The output will not change its state even if an input trigger is applied again
during this time interval. The circuit can be reset during the timing cycle by applying
negative pulse to the reset terminal. The output will remain in the low state until a trigger is
again applied.
The monostable multivibrators are used as timers, delay circuits, gated circuits etc
Fig 2: Output Waveforms
PROCEDURE:-
1. Configure the circuit as per the circuit diagram.
2. Select R and C of proper values.
3. Compute the expected value of pulse duration using ,
T= 1.1 R.C.
4. Apply a pulse wave input of frequency 1 kHz and duty cycle 90 percentage at
the second terminal of the IC555.
5. Connect the output terminal (pin 3) to the oscilloscope. Also feed the voltage
cross capacitor to channel 2.
6. Power on your circuit and observe the output. Determine the value of pulse
duration from your observations and compare with the theoretical values. Save the
data.
7. When you are done, turn off the power to your experimental circuit.
OBSERVATION TABLE:-
Sr. R C Pulse duration(T )msec
No Calculated Value Observed value
1.
2.
3.
CALCULATIONS:-
CONCLUSION:-
We can conclude that, in the monostable multivibrator using 555 timer, the o/p stays in a low
state until it gets a trigger i/p. This type of operation is used in push to operate systems. When
the input is triggered, then the o/p will go to high state & comes back to its original state.
