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Physics Light ch-10 notes class
10:-
Light- Introduction
Light is a form of energy that enables us to see objects around us. It is a type of
electromagnetic radiation that can travel through a vacuum.
Source of light:-
A source of light is any object that emits light, such as the sun or a light bulb.
Types of source of light:-
(a)Luminous source of light.
(b)Non-luminous source of light.
Ray of light:-
A ray of light is a straight line that represents the path along which light travels. It
is used to study the behavior of light as it interacts with different materials and
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objects.
Beam of light:-
Reflection(laws of reflection):-
Reflection is the bouncing back of light when it hits a surface. It is one of the
fundamental properties of light and plays a crucial role in our ability to see objects
around us. The laws of reflection describe how light behaves when it is reflected off a
surface. There are two laws of reflection, the first of which states that the angle of
incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
1st Law:-
Incidence ray, Normal and Reflected ray, all lie on the same plane.
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2nd Law:-
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Image formation
Image formation by light is the process by which light rays from an object pass
through a lens or reflect off a mirror and are focused onto a screen or other surface
to create an image. This process is used in cameras, telescopes, and microscopes,
among other devices. The final image will be either real or virtual, depending on the
type of lens or mirror used.
Types of image formation:-
(a) Real image
(b) Virtual image
Differences:-
Mirror
A mirror is a flat or curved surface that reflects light, causing an image to appear.
Types of mirror:-
(a) Plane mirror
(b) Spherical mirror
Plane mirror:-
A plane mirror is a type of mirror that has a flat reflecting surface. When light hits a
plane mirror, it is reflected back with the same angle of incidence as the angle of
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reflection, according to the laws of reflection. This type of mirror produces a virtual
image that is the same size as the object being reflected, and appears to be located
behind the mirror. It is commonly used in mirrors for personal grooming and in some
optical instruments.
Spherical mirror:-
A spherical mirror is a type of mirror that has a curved reflecting surface. The
reflecting surface can either be convex or concave. When light hits a spherical
mirror, it is reflected back according to the laws of reflection. Spherical mirrors are
commonly used in telescopes, microscopes, and other optical devices.
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Types of spherical mirror:-
(a) Concave mirror
(b) Convex mirror
Concave mirror:-
A concave mirror is a type of spherical mirror with a reflecting surface that curves
inward, like the inside of a spoon. When light rays reflect off a concave mirror, they
converge to a single point called the focal point. This type of mirror is commonly
used in telescopes, headlights, and other optical devices.
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Convex mirror:-
A convex mirror is a type of spherical mirror with a reflecting surface that curves
outward, like the back of a spoon. When light rays reflect off a convex mirror, they
diverge, or spread apart. This type of mirror is commonly used in rear-view mirrors
on cars, security mirrors, and some telescopes.
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