SEX EDUCATION

DISEASES
HUMAN PAPPILLOMA VIRUS
SYPHILIS
HEPATITIS
TRICHOMONIASIS
GONORRHEA
Chlamydia
HUMAN PAPPILLOMA VIRUS - is the most common
Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) in the world. It
causes the appearance of warts on the body and also
casues cancers. It spreads through direct skin-to-skin
contact, including any intercourses,

and can enter
through even a small tear in the skin

SYPHILIS-is a Sexually Transmitted Disease (STI) that can

severely damage the heart, brain or other organs, and
can be life-threatening if not treated. Syphilis can also be
passed from mothers to unborn children.


HEPATITIS - Hepatitis B is a serious liver infection caused

by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Hepatitis B is spread when
blood, semen, or other body fluids from a person infected
with the virus enters the body of someone who is not
infected.

TRICHOMONIASIS-Trichomoniasis is a common sexually

transmitted infection caused by a parasite.

Trichomoniasis is caused by a type of tiny parisite called
Trichomonas vaginalis. The parasite passes between
people during genital contact such as any type of
intercourses.


GONORRHEA-is a Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) which

means it is most commonly spread during vaginal, oral or
anal sex. It is caused by infection with the Neisseria
gonorrhoeae bacterium. Babies of infected mothers can be
infected during childbirth.
Chlamydia - is a common sexually

transmitted infection (STI)

caused by The Chlamydia trachomatis

bacterium. It is most
commonly spread through vaginal, oral and anal sex. It can
cause permanent damage to a woman's reproductive
system. This can make it difficult or impossible to get
pregnant later. It's also possible for pregnant women to
spread chlamydia to their children during delivery.


 HIV AND AIDS

AIDS
Acronym for acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome that caused by a virus known as the
human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV), which
attacks the immune system. It is the final stage of
HIV that if they reach this stage it has a high risk for
opportunistic infections due to their badly
damaged immune system.
 HIV VS. AIDS
HIV is a virus
•HIV is a virus that can lead to immune system
deterioration. The term “HIV” stands for human
immunodeficiency virus. The name describes the virus:
Only humans can contract it, and it attacks the immune
system. As a result, the immune system is unable to work
as effectively as it should.
•Our immune systems can completely clear many viruses
our bodies, but that’s not the case with HIV.
 HIV VS. AIDS
AIDS is a condition
•While HIV is a virus that may cause an infection, AIDS (which is short for
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is a condition. Contracting HIV can
lead to the development of AIDS.
•AIDS, or stage 3 HIV, develops when HIV has caused serious damage to the
immune system. It is a complex condition with symptoms that vary from
person to person. Symptoms of stage 3 HIV are related to the infections a
person may develop as a result of having a damaged immune system that
can’t fight them as well. Known collectively as opportunistic infections, they
include tuberculosis, pneumonia, and others.
•Certain types of cancer become more likely when an immune system
works less effectively as well.
HIV VS. AIDS
HIV belongs to a group of viruses called retroviruses.
HIV attacks white blood cells within the immune
system. These cells will stay infected for the rest of
their lives. If untreated, HIV will develop into AIDS.
Every person who has AIDS has HIV, but not every
person with HIV will develop AIDS.
There is no test for AIDS as it is a collection of
infections and illnesses that occur because of
untreated HIV infection.

This is why AIDS is sometimes

difficult to diagnose.

Ultimately, HIV is a virus that attacks the immune

system and AIDS is a term that can only be used
when HIV has caused severe damage to the
immune system.
 LAW ON CONSENT
RA 11648, an act providing for stronger protection against
rape and sexual exploitation and abuse, amended RA 8353
of 1997 by raising the age of sexual consent from 12 to 16
years to further shield minors from rape and other acts of
sexual abuse
It can be illegal for two minors to have sex. In some states,
having sexual intercourse with someone who is under the
age of consent is always treated as statutory rape. In other
states, however, there is an exemption to statutory rape for
when two people who are close in age have consensual sex.
 WHAT IS STATUTORY RAPE?
Statutory rape laws make it illegal to have sex with
someone who is Under the age of consent,
Mentally disabled, or Physically

incapacitated.
These laws forbid all sexual

intercourse, even
consensual sexual activity, because these groups
of people are legally incapable of consenting to
sex. Even if they initiate sexual relations, they
cannot legally consent to them. Because there is
no consent, the sexual conduct is rape.
 WHAT IS THE AGE CONSENT
Many criminal charges of statutory rape are for
sexual acts on alleged victims who are under the
age of consent.

The age of consent varies by state. In some states,

including California, the age of consent is 18 years of
age. In many other states, though, the age of
consent is 16 years old. A person is under the age of
consent until the moment they become of age. This
means that a 15-year-old is underage until the
moment they turn 16.
 WHAT IS A ROMEO AND JULIET LAW?
A Romeo and Juliet law is an exemption to a statutory rape charge. Also known as
a “close-in-age” exemption, these consent laws apply when the two people who
had consensual sexual activity were close in age to each other. Many states have
Romeo and Juliet laws, though not all do.

Texas is one of the states where lawmakers have added a Romeo and Juliet
exception to their criminal laws. In Texas, consensual sex is generally legal if:

the actor was not more than three years older than the alleged victim, and

the alleged victim was 14 years old, or older.

 WHAT IS A ROMEO AND JULIET LAW?
California, however, is one of the states that does not have a close-in-
age exemption.

In California, it is still illegal for minors

to have sexual relationships with
one another – an 18-year-old in high
school can still get arrested and
charged for the rape of a child if they have sex with their 17-year-old
significant other. If both of them are below the minimum age, they can
both be charged with statutory rape.
The only thing that is different in California is that the penalties for a
conviction would not as severe because the age difference between the
parties is 3 years or fewer.
 WHAT IF MINORS WERE MARRIED?
Marriage is another common exception to statutory rape
allegations. If the young people were married at the time they
had sexual intercourse, they generally cannot be liable for
statutory rape.

What are the penalties for minors who commit a sex crime?

In states where a Romeo and Juliet law does not apply, minors
who commit statutory rape can face severe repercussions if
they are convicted. In some states, a conviction can require
the defendant to register as a sex offender
 WHAT IF MINORS WERE MARRIED?
In California, for example, statutory rape is a “wobbler.” This means
that law enforcement can choose to charge it as a misdemeanor or
a felony.
If charged as a felony, a conviction carries 2, 3, or 4 years in prison.
If charged as a misdemeanor, convictions carry up to 1 year in
prison.
When the age difference between the two minors was less than 3
years, prosecutors have to pursue misdemeanor charges.
However, many of the statutory rape cases where the defendant is a
minor are tried in California’s juvenile court system. The penalties in
these cases tend to focus on rehabilitation, rather than punishment.
California is one of the states where minors convicted for statutory
rape do not have to register as a sex offender.
 S AFE SE X
Safe sex is all about protecting yourself and your partners from
sexually transmitted infections. Safer sex helps you stay healthy
and can even make sex better.
Safe sex means making sure that sexual activity always takes
place with both partners’ consent and that you both feel
respected and not pressured. Sexual assault includes any
unwanted behaviour of a sexual nature that makes you feel
uncomfortable, frightened or threatened. Before you have sex, it’s
very important that you feel comfortable talking to your partner
about sex and making decisions together about safe sex and
using condoms. You have the right to say no to sex if your partner
refuses to use condoms.
 HAT IS AN STI???
W

What is an STI?
STIs are infections that pass from one person to
another through sexual contact.
 WHAT CAN I DO TO STAY SAFE?
It’s important to always use a condom. A condom can protect you from catching or
spreading an STI and from unintended pregnancy. Even if you’re using a different
method of contraception, you still need to use a condom toRemember that condoms
and dental dams should never be reused — always use a new one and make sure to
use it correctly.

You can reduce your risk of STIs by limiting the number of sexual partners you have.

Make sure that you and your partner are checked for STIs before you start having sex.
protect you from STIs.
 WHAT CAN I DO TO STAY SAFE?
It’s very important not to have sex if your partner
has a sore or lump around their mouth, genitals or
anal area.
Remember that some STIs, such as genital warts,
herpes or pubic lice, can spread even if you’re
using a condom or dental dam, because they are
transmitted through skin-to-skin contact.
 D AWAREN
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ESS
SPRE
Stop Unsafe sex

Prevent Diseases
THAT'S A WRAP!
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