NAME: MUHAMMAD TAHA SHAMSHAD
STUDENT ID: 20868
COURSE: ISLAMIC STUDIES
FACULTY: MUHAMMAD MAKKI
THE LIFE OF HOLY PROPHET (PBUH) IN MADINAH:
1: MIGRATION OF HOLY PROPHET (S.A.W.W) FROM MAKKAH TO MADINAH:
The Holy Prophet (PBUH) was aware of the fact that people of Makkah were indulged in
superstition, prejudices and worship of idols, and their hearts are filled with ignorance and hatred
for Islam. Migration of Madina was real struggle was a real struggle for Holy Prophet (PBUH)
and for the people of Makkah too. It was plain to see that eradicating all evil deeds and preaching
Islam requires great sacrifice, struggle and hardship to guide them and bring them on the right
path. But people of Makkah had propaganda against the Muslims specially Holy Prophet
(PBUH), they gathered around his house with the intention to kill him. After all these
circumstances Allah ordered Holy Prophet (PBUH) along with his followers to leave Makkah
and migrated to Madina which was the land of pure, noble and honest Muslims who are
practicing Islam. The people of Madinah filled with joy and start their preparation for the
welcome of Holy Prophet (PBUH) and their Muslims brothers.
2: CONSTITUTION OF MADINAH:
Our Holy Prophet (PBUH) realized that other than Muslims Jewish are also living in the Madina,
so Our Holy Prophet (PBUH) thought that Muslim will established a friendly relation with the
Non Muslims (Jewish) to make a peaceful environment and for the Islamic society. The
following are the Jewish three major tribes:
1. BANU QAINAIQA
2. BANU NAZIR
3. BANU QURAIZA
So, Our holy Prophet (PBUH) called up Muslims and Jewish for the consultation. The main
reason for the meeting is to protect the life of Muslims as they are threatened from Arabs.
This meeting is end at the point that Muslims and Jewish are allies and would defend in case
of any attack on Madinah.
3: THE BATTLE OF BADAR:
After spending around the years in Madina, there were three enemies of Islam ie: Quraish, Jews
and Hypocrites (Munafiqeen) who accepted Islam but they are working for Non Muslims. When
Our Holy Prophet (PBUH) heard that Quraish are heading towards Madinah for attack so he call
Muslims for defend, as Allah has permitted the Muslims for Jihad, so both armies met at the
village of Badar. Muslims have only 313 mens with 2 camels and 2 horses, whereas Quraish
have thousands of armies along with the heavy equipments. Our Holy Prophet (PBUH) look up
at the sky and ask for the help. Allah helped the believers and the Muslims defeat the Quraish. 70
Quraish were killed and 70 of them were taken as prisoners. Only 14 Muslims are killedin the
battle of Badr.
CONSEQUENCES OF BATTLE OF BADR:
Following are the Consequences of this battle:
This make Muslim base stronger
Muslim get more stronger
Strength of Quraish got broken
Many unbelievers accepted Islam
Influence of Islam began outside the Madina
4: THE BATTLE OF UHAD:
After the remarkable victory over non believers at battle of Badr, Islam gained more power out
of the Madinah and Quraish were in worry about their political and social interests, and they
wanted to avenge their deaths. They are also afraid that if Muslims gained more power their
status and value will get degraded. Last of all the disbelievers also afraid of the Muslims getting
in majority and gaining more power.
Quraish with 1000 fully armed left for Madinah and on the other hand Our Holy prophet (PBUH)
decided to meet enemies outside the Madinah. Quraish camped on the foot of mountains named
UHAD, Abdullah Bin Ubbay excused that Holy Prophet (PBUH) has turned down the decision
of fighting but after that Holy Prophet (PBUH) left with 700 companions. Enemies start the
battle, Khalid Bin Waleed the head of enemies attack the Muslim and they raised with the voice
that Holy Prophet (PBUH) is killed and Muslim got confused. Our Holy Prophet (PBUH) called
out the Companions and the fight ended as a result of exhausted reactions from both Muslims
and Quraish.
CONSEQUENCES OF BATTLE OF UHAD:
Following are the consequences of Battle of Uhad:
Muslims realized that victory is not only their right
Muslims realized that they should not expect to win all the battles
This battle shows that decision is made when all of them are agreed at a certain point.
This battle distinguished true believers from hypocrites
5: CONQUEST OF KHYBER:
The Banu Nazir and Jewish have been exiled from Madinah and now they were plotting the plan
against Muslims. They were joined by the tribe of Ghatfan and hypocrites of Madinah. When
they came to know about the agreement between Muslims and Quraish, they thought Muslims
get weak and they start planning attack on Muslims and they got chance at the FORT OF
KHYBER where they saw Holy Prophet (PBUH) along with companions. Jewish lock
themselves in the fortes and start showering arrows on Muslims. From the other hand, Holy
Prophet (PBUH) ordered for attack, this battle continued for 20 days. The Jewish reached at the
fort of Qamus which was one of the strongest forts but there Muslims were under the command
of Hazrat Ali (RA) fought them and conquer the Fort of Khyber
6: TREATY OF HUDAIBBIYAH:
After 6 years of migration, Our Holy Prophet (PBUH) wants to perform Umrah and wanted to go
to Makkah but when they reached at the Makkah and some companions were send but they don’t
come back and then 3 more companions they also come back but at third time Hazrat Usman
(RA) was sent and even he also don’t return, the Quraish spread the rumors that they had killed
Hazrat Usman (RA). Holy Prophet (PBUH) collected all his followers under the oasis of Rizwan
and oath that they will risk their lives in the way of Allah. This oath is known as Bait e Rizwan.
As a result Quraish decided to sign a treaty with Muslims
CONDITIONS OF TREATY OFHUDAIBBIYAH:
The condition under which the treaty of Hudaibbiyah was signed are as follows:
1. Muslims would return to Madinah that year
2. They would be permitted for pilgrimage and they would stay only for 3 dyas
3. If Quraish from Makkah want to join Muslim without the permission of their guardians
they would send back but any Muslim from Madinah joined Makkah they would not send
back
4. There will be no fight for 10 years
CONSEQUENCES OF TREATY OF HUDAIBBIYAH:
The after effects of this treaty are given below:
Peace was established between Makkah and Madinah
Holy Prophet (PBUH) sent a letter out of Saudia so Isalm was propagated
Muslims got chance to visit Makkah
It led to the conquest of Makkah
Chance to perform Umrah
7: THE CONQUEST OF MAKKAH:
After the treaty of Hudaibiya Khuza tribe joined Muslims, while Banu Bakr became ally of
Quraish. One of the terms of the treaty were that neither party would fight an ally of other party.
Quraish along Banu Bakr killed men of Banu Khuza. Deputation of Banu Khuza asked for the
help from holy prophet. Holy prophet sent a message to Quraish offering them three alternatives:
To pay blood money for the men of Banu Khuza.
To dissolve their alliance with Banu Bakr.
To declare that treaty of Hudaibiya stood dissolved.
Quraish chose third options. Muslims had no other option other than to fight. Holy prophet
declared order of jihad.
Holy prophet with and army of ten thousand reach Makkah on 10th of Ramazan. Holy prophet
divided his army into four groups and gave them instructions that don't attack unless they were
attacked. Unit under the command of Khalid bin walid was attacked by Banu Bakr and also by
some of the hostile Quraish.
Before entering Makkah holy prophet announced a general pardon that people who laid down
their arms would be safe and that anyone who closed the door of his house will be safe. The
entry of holy prophet's army in Makkah was very peaceful. Holy prophet preformed Tawaf, after
that Prophet ordered the destruction of idols placed in Ka'abah by non-believers. When holy
prophet came out of Ka'abah there was a huge crowd of Quraish including holy prophets bitterest
enemies.
Holy prophet asked them what treatment they could expect at his hands. They Remember that
one day you will appear before Allah and answer your actions. So be careful not to deviate from
the path of righteousness after I leave.
1. Allah has forbidden you to take usury (interest). Therefore, all interest obligations will
be exempted from now on. Your capital is yours. They do not injustice or afflict. Allah
has decided to be indifferent
I leave behind me two things, the Qur’an and my example, the Sunnah, and if you adhere to
these, you will never go astray. cried out:
"You are our noble brother"
On this, the Holy prophet said, "there shall be no reproach against you this day, go, you are
free!"
8: FAREWELL PILGRAMAGE:
At the 10 year of Hijrah, Our Holy Prophet (PBUH) invited the companion for the pilgrimage at
the Makkah, which was now under the rule of Muslims which there were 1400 companions at
that time. Our Holy Prophet (PBUH) performed the Hajj with all his followers and this hajj is
known as HIJJAT UL WIDAA. After that Our Holy Prophet (PBUH) stood at the plain of
Arafat and delivered his last sermon. Following are some important points from the sermon of
our Holy Prophet (PBUH):
1. There is no god except Allah and Hazrat Muhammad (S.A.W.W) is His last messenger
2. All are equal in the eyes of Allah , neither black is superior to white nor white is superior
to black
3. Return the things kept with you to the right owner
4. Treat your wife well and be kind to them, as they are your partner and devoted helper.
And it is your right not to make friends with people you do not approve, and never
commit adultery.
5.
6. Treat your slaves just like your family member s
7. People, it is true that you have certain rights about your women, but they also have right over
you. If they abide by your right, they belong the right to be fed and clothed in kindness
8. All those who listen to me shall pass on my words to others and others again, and perhaps
the last ones might understand my words better than those who listened to me directly.
9: THE DEATH OF HOLY PROPHET (PBUH):
By the time passes Islam is spread all over the Arab and many people is accepting and
following the religion of Prophet (PBUH). On 12 Hijri Our Holy Prophet(PBUH) get ill and
shifted to the apartment of Hazrat Ayesha (R.A) where he spent 13 days of illness and finally
at the age of 63 on 12 Rabi ul awwal our beloved Prophet passed away.
