BULLET PROOF
GLASS
Computer Fundamental and
Md.Murad Hossen ID:2013028
Ethics
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 2
1.2 MATERIAL, EQUIPMENT AND EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE .................... 3
1.3 BULLET PROOF GLASS MARKET SHARE ......................................................... 4
1.4 RESULT AND DISCUSSION .................................................................................. 5
1.5 CONCLUTION.......................................................................................................... 6
2 References .......................................................................................................................... 7
LIST OF FIGURE
Figure 1:Samples of bullet proof glass ...................................................................................... 4
Figure 2:Experimental set-up for ballistic impact test. .............................................................. 4
Figure 3:Global bullet proof glass market share, by End-Use,2021 .......................................... 5
Figure 4:Absorbed impact energy in various samples ............................................................... 6
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ABSTRACT
This investigation presents preparation samples with the number of glass layers
of sample and analysis of result of for uniform increase in total samples
ballistic impact test as per EN 1063 on thickness than with more number of
the size, position, number and type of bonding interlayers. If we change in
the bonding interlayer Poly Carbonate, position of the bonding interlayer then
Poly Urethane and Polyvinyl Butyral on there is no effect on absorption impact
bullet proof glass. It was observed that energy. And we are easily informed
impact energy absorbed by bullet proof about the uses of bullet proof glass and
glass increases with the total thickness get sufficient information about the
from 33mm to 42 mm to 51mm for all market size and demand of bullet proof
the three samples respectively. glass
Absorption impact energy is less for
.
Keyword—Absorbed energy, bullet proof glass, laminated glass, safety glass.
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Bullet proof glass, ballistic glass or increase the bonding interlayer
bullet resistant glass consists of two or thickness then improves the penetration
more glass plies bonded together with resistance of bullet proof glass because
an elastomeric bonding interlayer more energy can be absorbed in the
usually Poly Vinyl Butyral (PVB) or high speed delimitation process if the
Ethyl Vinyl Acetate (EVA). While bonding interlayer in simply less like to
damage, the glass remains in the frame tear[8]. To make perfect bullet proof
when bullet proof glass fracture. This glass Linden et al directed non-
post breakage property of bullet proof destructive testing on two different
glass has made it desirable for use in plane geometrics. Their data indicates
vehicle windshields, as a welfare or that while elevated temperature and
safety glass or bullet proof glass (S.M. load duration acting individually,
Wally, October 2002). Some of decrease the structural rigidity of the
structures have more than one layer of bullet proof glass, the two factor do not
glass. A general bullet proof glass interact , producing a greater combined
structure contains glass as the outer reduction in bullet proof glass strength
layer backed by Poly Carbonate (PC) (M.P. Linden, 1984).
with a thin adhesive crystalline bonding
Recently, PVB with stiffer and stronger
interlayer of Poly Urethane (PU) in
bonding interlayer sentry Glass Plus
between. Ordinary laminated
(SGP) materials are compared by
windshields usually have a glass instead
Belies. He found that after the damage
of PC as the backing material (Grant
of both glass sheets the load the reduced
PV, 1998).
to a relatively low level between 2 KN
Keller apply novel method to and 3 KN be a factor for the broken
measure the delaminating energy in glass pieces and started bonding
bullet proof glass in the incidental interlayer again to build up compressive
dynamic range. He discovered that it he and tensile stresses respectively.
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Subsequently, the load slightly
increased again and after reaching the
maximum, it reduced significantly to 1.2 MATERIAL,
less than 0.3 KN (J. Belis, 2008).
EQUIPMENT AND
Mostly the studies carried out on bullet EXPERIMENTAL
proof glass and related mechanical PROCEDURE
strength of the resultant composite
structure, their performance, property A. Material
and behavior in different temperature
gradients. We can also study on Float glass, PVB, PU, and PC are used
analytical and numerical modeling. In as the material in the experiment. Three
the experiment they made a samples of samples is designated as SamplesI33,
bullet proof glass by commercial SamplesII42 and SamplesIII51 with a
available manufacturing process. The combination of Glass. PVB, PU and PC
uniform variation of samples is 9mm of 33mm, 42mm and 51mm thickness
across each other. The samples were of dimension 500mm x 500mm is
tasted for ballistic tests EN 1063 by prepared as per the description shown in
state of the art laboratory to ascertain Table 1.
their conformance.
Glass PVB PU PC Glass PVB PU PC
8.0 1.50 1.25 5 3 2 1 1
8.O 1.50 1.20 5 3 1 1 2
8.O 1.50 1.20 5 4 2 3 2
Table 1:Samples of bullet proof glass
B. Sample Manufacturing supply of hot air to maintain
Process temperature between 105oC to 110OC.
Removed these composite after 5 hour
Lay up technique is used for prepared and laminated with PC and PU. After
all samples where the environment laminate all the samples are placed in an
temperature is perfectly maintained Autoclave. An infrared heater in
between 200C to 25oC and 27oC to 30OC maintain the temperature between
respectively. Under this condition the 130oC to135OC and 1.2 MPa pressure is
composites are packed in a polybag inside the chamber. the construction
(without laminating of PU and PC) by geometry of final fabricated samples
attaching nozzles. A vacuum pump after fabrication and heat treatment are
(760mm of Hg) is connected with the shown in Fig 1.
nozzles and placed in a chamber where
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Figure 1:Samples of bullet proof glass
C. Experimental Procedure
The schematic chart of experimental BR1-BR7 each corresponding to a
set up of bullet proof glass test on the different type of small arm fire which
principle of ballistic impact applied on are 7 main standard threat level.
samples is shown in Fig 2. The EN 1063 Additionally, there are two other
is a safety lustrous standard created by threat level which are SG1 and SG2
the European Committee for corresponding to shotgun munitions.
standardization for knowing the For given a rating bullet should stop by
protective strength of bullet proof the friction of glazing for specified
glass. The classification level are number of strikes, with multiple strikes
numbered in order of increasing placed within 120mm of each other.
protective strength. The threat of The glazing should produce no spalls
different level are shown in table II. after each strike and also be
Following on the type of threat level shatterproof (Rabinder Singh Bharj,
the protective strength of a Glass 2014)
shield is rated, it is capable of resist.
Figure 2:Experimental set-up for ballistic impact test.
1.3 BULLET PROOF GLASS MARKET SHARE
In 2021 the global market size of bullet period. For the COVID-19 pandamic,
proof glass was valuated at USD 6.74 the bullet proof glass market share is
billion. From 2022 to2029 the market approximately 2.4 down in 2020 as
price will increase from USD 7.37 compared 2019. The VIP vehicle and
billion to USD 14.90 billion and exhibit defense segment held the largest market
a CAGR of 10.6% during the forecast share. The government and law
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enforcement and architecturally advance commercial offices includes
the use of bullet proof glass for resistance from violent outer attack.
https://www.fortunebusinessinsights.com
Sales
14%
7%
43%
26%
10%
.
Figure 3:Global bullet proof glass market share, by End-Use,202
1.4 RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Table 3: Test report
As per EN 1063; SampleI33, SampleII51 and BR7 contact with each
SampleII42, and SampleIII51 conform other as shown Fig II. Bullet proof
to BR5. Additionally, SampleII42 and glass sample can be absorbed more
BR6 contact with each other and again energy to increase it’s thickness.
Absorbed energy increased by more absorbed 3% more energy by the
than 81% of SampleII42 compared increasing number of glass. Adding PC
with SampleI33. Since SampleIII51 at the extreme end PU to bind glass
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and PC and PVB to bind glass and reported by Issan and Omar (Issam S.
glass layer together determines that Jalham, 2011) The
the increase number of glass layers is property of bullet proof glass is
less developed day by day with keep up the
market share increasing rapidly and the
significant that the effect of bonding scope of uses increasing day by day.
interlayers. Similar result are also
4000
)
3500
3000
2500
2000
EN 1063
1500
Sample result
1000
500
0
BR5 SampleI33 BR6 SampleII42 BR7 SampleIII51
Axis Title
Figure 4:Absorbed impact energy in various samples
1.5 CONCLUTION 4. energy stored in bullet proof
glass.
5. Bonding interlayer can
1. Increasing number of thickness withstand greather absorbed
of bullet proof glass ,the impact energy than glass.
absorbed impact energy is 6. The property of bullet proof
increased. glass develop day by day
2. The effect of bonding interlayer according to its demand.
weight ratio on increase in
absorbed impact energy in more
as compared to glass sheet
3. In the same condition the
position of bonding interlayer
doesn’t affect the maximum
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2 REFERENCES
1. Grant PV, C. W. (1998). The damage Thresold of Laminated Glass Structures . Int J
Impact.
2. Issam S. Jalham, O. A. (2011). The Effect of the Bonding Interlayer on the Mechanical
Behavior of Laminated Glass. New Journal of Glass and Ceramics.
3. J. Belis, D. D. (2008). Failure Mechanisms and Residual Capacity of Annealed Glass.
Journal of Materials Science, Vol.16, No. 6.
4. M.P. Linden, J. M. (1984). Evaluation of Laterally Laminated Glass Units by Theory
and Experiment.
5. Rabinder Singh Bharj, S. K. (2014). The Effect of Size, Thickness, and Type of the
Bonding Interlayer on Bullet Proof Glass as per EN 1063. International Journal of
Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Vol:8, No:2, 2014, 4.
6. S.M. Wally, J. F. (October 2002). The Effect of Temperature on the Impact Behavior
of Glass/Polycarbonate Laminates.
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