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Perspectives Student - S Book

manual engleza Perspectives - Student's Book

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305 views160 pages

Perspectives Student - S Book

manual engleza Perspectives - Student's Book

Uploaded by

Ana Bordea
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
PERSPECTIVES INTERMEDIATE Daniel BARBER Lewis LANSFORD ‘Amanda JEFFRIES NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC LEARNING Australia 0 Sngapore Unites Kingdom «Unie WELCOME TO PERSPECTIVES! Perspectives teaches learners to think critically and to develop the language skills they need to fi lish. The carefully quided la stories and TED Talks motivate learners to think creatively an their own voice orld juage lessons, rea mmunicate effectively. In Perspectives, learners develop: AN OPEN MIND Every unit explores one idea from different perspective: ving learners opportunities for practising language as they look at the world in net EM aaica tic) communication if F @ ACRITICAL EYE Students learn the critical thinking skills and strategies they need to eval new information and develop their own opinions and ideas to share. 8B Intrcarlcammunistion @ ACLEAR VOICE Students respond to the unit theme and express their own ideas confidently in English, | Be thsetyouessog Mad GRAMMAR Describing Descriptions of Subject / object emotions thtee National {questions Geographic explores’ work Pronut -ed adjective Vocabulary building Suifines up ee cs Pages 8-19 Travel Adescription of Adjectives three unusual ending in-ed Nocab ery Joumeystoschoo! and-ing building Compound nouns Rd Sports Apodcastabout Past simple and eo Ashima Shiraishi present perfect building Phrasal verbs Descrbingfood | Appodastabout Future plans, Meaney ceatnginsheds | tenors and building kes Compound adjectives Describing work Appadeastabout Verb pattems: eae thewerdakwerk vb inger | building Ways of seeing Why do people smile? Gitical thinking Rhetorical questions Urbexers — fe on the edge ofthe city Critical thinking Selecting information Can athletics protect Arcaslions? Critical thinking Presenting a balanced view Could the best street food inthe world be Filipino? Arealife, crime fighting superpower! Critical thinking Braggerating Talking about the present Idea worth spreading 8y teaching computers how to understand emations on the faces of uses, we can make onal connections wit the devices w ‘Authentic listening skills Content words Narrative forms Pronunciation vaso ea worth spreading The toute may be efficient, ere are times when taking a different route can be more interesting and memorable Authentic listening skills Understanding ac continuous Idea worth spreading Pronunciation Weak forms for extraordinary things to make ppegple pay attention to Important isues, ‘Authentic listening skills, nposts Idea worth spreadin: meat even just par ofthe time ~can havea ntence stress in future continuous and future perfect powerful impact onthe planet. ea ‘Authentic listening skills Pausi tical thinking Present and past ‘modal verbs Idea worth spreading Our és tell employers about nces, deterinat ability to deat with e's challenges, ‘Authentic listening skills Understanding contrasts Sat Asking follow up questions Asking for and giving directions Agreeing and disagreeing Talking about hopes and goals Jobinterviews, Pronunciation quite TG Writing skill, phasis Astoy Writing ski Just An opinion essay Writing skill Giving your opinion social media A formal eter of Writing skill plication UNIT Perec Mra ey Cov The human body radio Zeroand fist. world of yborgs ee programme about conditional enelichere the human body building u Verbs describing Thvee people tak The passive Nothing fora year about alternatives ou Critical thinking Vocabulary Bs Reading between the building sn lines Adverbs effective Reported speech: An experiment communication about how statements and in intercultural a Gris Hadid questions communication building sais Critical thinking Negive prefies untae Using direct speech Station Creative arts Making Vocabulary building Expressions with entertainment Ve accu Tad ear rei Phrasal ver Eightolder people Third conditional John Harrison: the about time offer advice lockmaker wh Vocabutsry changed the world buildin Gritical thinking Expres Drawing conclusions us rnin Co |ALKS SAG ond Second conditional Describing Aninformal aren eters photos ermal descibing {wish and only Buh joesn'thaveto ate n canbean Writing sil way tosezand informal ence thewo language Authentic listening skills lowing theargument have / get something E Shoppingfor An dont cloth announcement one Idea worthspreading We fd Pronunciation an use bactriato produc Writing skill Sentence stress rmaterals that we can tun into Relevant ss sustainable nd information leather, cotton and past Authentclistening sills Reforrnlating Responding Anemailof Idea worth spreading When sImpathetcaly compl we takand isten with genuine Promunctation writing skill Pronunciation interest the other person,ivé Sympathetic Using formal Contrasve wil eam amazing things. intonation linkers ‘Authentic listening skills Understanding fast speech Critical thinking Investigating opinions Defnng a Askingforand Anema defining Idea worth spreading sow Nv aking describing 2 relative clauses Meviestestime,supreingy reemendaions pace ards popular entertainment which culture ewer canreateto Writing sit Peragraphing Authentic listening skills Collaborative listening Critical thinking Supporting your argument plaining causes Aforand speculation, and reasons against essay deduction and Idea worth spreading Writing skill regret Procrastination can keep us from ipericetne Pronunciation rasing our dreams, and we'e al markers Weak forms: have affected by it ‘Authentic listening skills Guessing the meaning of new words Grammar reference andppractice 128 regular verblist 148 Writing bank 149 lists 15 Ua anova with olla ici ale he = = ~_ Ree § A” poo ata ci on ee 1A Show your emotions VOCABULARY Describing emotions @ Look at the photo and read the caption. What message do you think the artist is trying to communicate in this project? @ My PERSPECTIVE Complete the sentence so it's true for you. Happiness is © Match the sentences (1-9) with the follow-up comments (ai). 1 I sometimes get scared when I'm on my own 2 Yournust be delighted — that’s great news! 3 |'m feeling more relaxed now it’s Saturday. 4 | got abit confused at the start ofthe lm. 5 My brother isnt normally this nervous 6 7 8 9 Travelling to school on your ovm can be quite lonely My parents started to dance. | was so embarrassed! Acthe moment im feeling quite stressed. Pease dant be angry with me But it was great to see them having fun Its been a very busy week, s0 its nice to have some time off I've got so much work to do, | was only trying to help don't even lke being at home without anyone else, realy He's doing a presentation in cla remo § (understood most oft, though. fh Sometimes lke having time to think quietly before a busy day, though, i. When did they tell you you'r in the tearn? seance ‘© Complete the questions with an adjective in bold from Exercise 3, 1 Are you___ of anything, like spiders, for example? 2 Have you ever been really with your exam results? 3 Doyou get____if you cryin publi 4 ‘sit possible to ‘when you are with ots of people? 5 Doyouget before qoing to the dentist a speaking in class? 6 When you're feeling _____, what do you do to relax? 7 Areyou bout the meaning of any new words today? 8 if someone is late, do yo 9 Does reading make you feel___ ? @ PRONUNCIATION -ed adjectives a Work in pairs. How many syllables does each adjective have? 1 annoyed 4 delighted -—7 interested 10. stressed 2 bored 5 embarassed 8 relaxed 11 surprised 3 confused 9 scared 12 worried b Listen and check your answers. 27251 © Look at the adjectives again. Is -ed pronounced /t/, /d/ or d/? Alor idl fod Listen again. Check your answers and repeat the words. FINE © Workin pairs. Ask and answer the questions in Exercise 4, Unit 1 In touch with your feelings 9 LISTENING ) Work in pairs. Look at the photo and answer the questions. + What do you know about tigers? + Can photographers take photos lke this safely? How? + How would you feel if you came face to face with a tiger in the wild? Listen to descriptions of three National Geographic explorers’ work, What emotions are the speakers 1g? Why? (aE excitement fear inhappiness worry 1 Matthew Luskin 2 William Allard 3 Chris Bashineli Tigers live in Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Indonesia, ‘Malaysia, Nepal, Russia and Thailand. Listen again. Which explorer (Matthew, Wiliam or Chris): ae 1 described an event with a happy ending for someone who wasr't the speaker? did something he had never done before? wasn't talking about his emotions? \was trying to solve a problem in is work? was probably very tired? was surprised at how he felt? auaun GRAMMAR Subject / object questions Work in paits. Can you remember the answers to these questions? Listen to William's story again and check your answers. SIE 1 What does Wiliam Allard do? 2 Who killed Eduardo’s sheep? 3 Who collected money for Eduardo’s family? 4 How much did they collect? Reed =e ——. a. Who collected money for Eduardo's family? National Geographic readers collected money for him. SS b_ How much did they collect? They collected over $7,000. Read the questions in the Grammar box. Then choose the correct option to complete the sentences. 1 The question word in question a/b asks abour the subject ofthe answer (subject question) 2. The question word in question / Basks about the object of the answer (object question). 3 Tomake asubject / an object question inthe present simple and past simple we need an auxiliary verb, eg, do, does, did 4 Subject / Object questions in the present simple and past simple do not need the auxliary verb do or ald Check your answers on page 128. Do Exercises 1 and 2. Use the prompts to write questions about Chris Bashinelli and Matthew Luskin's stories. 1 whose story / happen / in Mongolia? 2 what / the men / invite / Chris / to do? 3 what /Chris/ say / about the experience? 4 what / Matthew / studying? 5 how many people / tigers / kill / before the expedition? 6 how many people /hide /in the tree? Work in pairs. Discuss the answers to the questions in Exercise 12 Complete the questions about emotions. 1 Howoften laugh everytime I'm with my friends 2 What TVprogrammes Singing competitions on TV make me angry. B Who My litle sister cries the most in my family, definitely! 4 Which horror films you've seen ? Don't Breathe and Krampus were both scary, but Don’t Breathe scared me the most! 5 When you feel confused about homework, what \calla friend 6 Who — My mum embarrassed me an hour ago! you recently? Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions in Exercise 14. Write five more questions about emotions to ask your classmates. What makes you most excited about the future? Work in groups. Ask and answer your questions. MIMD COUR iL Why do people smile? ‘ wan Say cheese! tn engisn- speaking counties, his s what you sty to people to make them smile before you take their photo. ‘Service with a smile’ is a common message for shop + assistants and receptionists, Workers in cll centres are even told to smile so they sound friendly when they speak to customers on the phone! The idea is that callers will notice if the phone operators aren't smiling, But why should we want people to smile? 2 We've always known that smiling can express enjoyment, affection or friendliness, but we're learning more and more about facial expressions, and VOCABULARY BUILDING Suffixes We can make nouns from adjectives by adding st adjective suffix noun embarrassed rent embarrassment friendly friendliness depressed + ion Jepression @ Write nouns using -ment,-ness orion. Use a dictionary ifnecessary 4 disappointed 5 happy 3 excited 6 exhaust © Complete the sentences with a noun or an adjective from Exercise 1 1 Many people say that money can't buy but think t helps. ft surimer camp. It was my home and | didn’t know anyone. sing on my own in the show. felt so that | couldn't sleep. ard at his exams. He didn't want t to his parents sa lot of inthe cass. The teacher said the school trip was on Wednesday bus email sald Thursday 5 There 12. Unit Intouch with your feelings realizing that their effect on our relationships is mote powerful than that, We know that smiling helps us = connect with other people in social situations and get out of arguments and embarrassing situations. We know from studies that smiling regularly may even increase the chances of living longer. In fac, i's such an important part of being human that we start it very 2» young. You probably started smiling to show your happiness when you were just a few weeks old, but you've known how to smile for even longer. Unborn babies get used to moving their facial muscles by smiling, in the same way they practise kicking using » their leg muscles. And we aren't the only animals that READING © Work in pairs. Try to make your partner smile. How easy is it? Then discuss the questions. (2-<). Which si hich s joyou les do you think ate tosmie? + Are you good at recognizing genuine and fake smiles? @ Make a list of things that make you smile. Compare your list with a partner. ch, chocolate, myt @ Read the article quickly. Choose the best subtitle. 1 How our bodies afect our emotions 2 The secret power of smiling 3 Smiling expresses many motions @ Read the article again. Are these sentences true (T) or false (F), ors the information not given (NG)? 1 Some we aught to smile when the le who can't see them, You could stop a ciseareement by smiing, People who don't smi etl. Other animals smile for the same reasons as human: Eating chocolate has a more powerfuleffect on our ¥y speak to e more likely to wawn inks that i's wrong to si we do not ‘smile to communicate happiness ~ chimpanzees do it, too, suggesting that smiling existed before we did! Have you ever been i this situation: you are angry with a friend but you cant stay angry because they're 2» smiling at you? This is because smiles pass from person to person, and i's hard not ro smile back. We actually lose some control of our own facial muscles when ‘we look at someone smiling at us. When this happens, wwe automatically copy their expression, and smiling > like them may actually help us understand their ‘emotions better. Being happy makes us smile, of course. But smiling also makes us happy. Scientists can take pictures @ Summarize the article in no more than twenty words. Smiling © My PERSPECTIVE Work in groups. Discuss the questions. you think smiling really is ag + What do you do if yau aren't fee + Who do you think smiles more, y jomen or men? Why? you know anyone igh? 10 smiles too much / doesn't smile en\ CRITICAL THINKING Rhetorical questions © Work in pairs, Read the Critical thinking box and discuss the questions (1-4) to makea point, buta en us oly ect to read, readers what information they can exp smphasize a point + persuade. + help readers relate the text to th of the brain to see what happens when a person is © happy. They see the same effect when the person smiles, whether they're really happy or not. Soa smile isnt just sign to others; its also a message to cour brain telling it to feel happy. One study showed that a smile can have the same positive effect on the 4s brain as eating 2,000 bars of chocolate! So, even if you're feeling depressed, a fake smile can make all the difference. If you know someone who's always smiling, peshaps they're using it to control their ‘emotions. Why not control your emotions the same s» way? If you sometimes feel sad, worried or angry, try smiling You might feel better. 1 he reasons the 2. Why is ita good idea to have a question as atitle? 3 fe three mor in the article, Us them, Mate the f inthe Critical 4 Write a question other two func ‘© Read about the ‘Pan Am smile’. Then look at the photos again, Can you find the fake smiles more easly? The Pan Am smile’ is named after the fight with this old American airline, The their friendly customer service and for ways smiling ie knew that thes y were an expression of he passengers ¢ Pan Am smiles because there are many situat showing unhappiness would be rude Smiling has the important social function of keeping people happy. a ou tell the difference between a genuine smile and a fake smile? In the nineteenth century, French scientist Guillaume Duchenne noticed that we use two sets of facial muscles to smile: around the mouth and eyes, Pan Am smiles only use the mouth so the secret is to look at the eyes. Unit 1 In touch with yourfeelings 13. coe C A breath of fresh air GRAMMAR Talking about the present Read the sentences in the Grammar box. Underline examples of the present simple, present continuous and present perfect. Eres ‘a We've always known that smiling can express enjayment, affection or frien b We're learning more and more about facial expressions. «¢ We know fiom studies that smiling may even increase the chances of ving longer. 4 Wearen't the only animals that smile to communicate happiness — chimpanzees doit, too. e Youare angry atyou. tho friend but you cant stay angry because theyre smiling f Ifyou know someone who's always smiling, 1s feel sad, worried or angry try smiing, 9 ffyou somet ‘Complete the rules by writing present simple, present perfect or present continuous. Then match each rule with an example from the Grammar box. 1 Weuse the __ - tific facts, sometimes and never) + to talk about things that are always or generally true, eg, + to describe habits and routines (often with words like. + with state verbs, eg, aggee, think 2 We use the + total, + totakkab g + with aways to describe actions that happen often. They may caus emotional response in the speaker. 3 Weuset + to describe tions that started in the past and continue to /our answers on page 128. Do Exercises 3-7. Choose the correct options to complete the paragraph. stressed at the moment? Perhaps it's have always satin front of a comp se you (2) are always s fay, So what should ye screen who has played that stress is more time outside, surtounded by nature. © Are you enjoying ng away from cities, cats and computers and heading into the mountains? t's true that we (7 reneeding time off work to relax, though it (8) beco dmore dificult to get away. But people 9) enjoy / have enjoyed forests, parks, lakes and rivers for thousands of years, so ifife (10) gets /has gat too much to cope with recently think about taking a break in the countryside or a walk in the park, even ifi’s| just for an hour or two. video game: @ Read about the effect nature can have on our brains. Complete the text with the best form of the verbs: present simple, present continuous or present perfect, ‘[Link] of 22 students (1) __ (take) break from their everyday lives at the University of Uta. Normally, they (2) (it) in front oftheir computer screens studying psychology, but this week they (3) (camp) with Professor David Streyer in the mountains of Utah Steeyer (4) (spend) many years studying the effect of nature on ur brains. We (5) (know) about the benefits of nature ‘on the body for many years, but now we can see what nature (6) (do) to the brain. Our stress levels (7)_____(4rop) just by looking at photos of scenes from nature. Many people (8) (think) that ite by litle, technology (9) ___(destroy) our lives, but Streyer (10) ____{believe) that after just two or three days away from rodern life, we can star tothink differently and more healthily ‘@ Read about healing forests in South Korea. The wrong verb form has been used in some of the sentences. Correct the verbs that are wrong. 1 Nature is being very important in Korean culture for hundreds of years. 2 But most South Koreans live ‘digital lives’ in large cities nowadays. 3 Theirlives become more digital and more stressful every year 4 Koreans work very long hours, and stress levels among ‘workers and students go up in recent years. 5 The government has believed that the answer can be: found in ‘healing forests. 6 These are places of natural beauty where people go to, relax, to reconnect with nature and to rest 7 We now know that spending time outside reduces stress chemicalsin the body and helps it to ight disease. 8 Curremtiy there have been 37 healing forests in Korea, and they are becoming very popular. 9 Many of them are close to big cites lke Seoul, where people can get to them easily. 10 People are often going there to walk, earn about plants, do yoga or just relax under the trees. @ Use the prompts to write questions using the best tense: present simple, continuous or perfect. 1 you/go/to the countryside much recently? 2 where / you / usually / go /to spend time outdoors? 3 what / you / like / doing in the countryside? 4 your parents / always / make / you do activities that you don't enjoy? What? 5 you/ normally / feel / relaxed when you get hone? 6 you / always / check / your mobile phone, or can you leave it at home? 7 if/you/ lve /in a town ot city, /you/ be / happy? 8 you / plan /to goto the countryside any time soon? @ Workin pairs. Ask and answer the questions you wrote in Exercise 6, Work in groups. Discuss the questions. + Are young people spending as much time in the countryside now as in the past? Why? / Why not? + What are the advantages of doing outdoor activities? + What kinds of activities do you and yout friends ike doing outdoors? + What outdoor activities are popular with young people atthe moment? © You are going to design a leaflet for an outdoor activity centre in your country. Answer these questions about the leaflet. + What type of activity centre will it be - more like a healing forest or an adventure park? + What will get lots of people interested? What will be good for young people's health and happiness? + How will you attract people to your centre? + What photos or ather images will you include? @ cHoose 1 Design your leaflet and present it to other groups. 2 Make a video to go with the leaflet. 3 Write the text for your leaflet. 1D This app knows how you feel - from the look on your face aN re) r PENS e CYL} 8 Tear L AUTHENTIC LISTENING SKILLS itis dificult to listen for every word a speaker says. When tet Gente lenslerrevinciersiancl tre onnreanecOnTen ‘words, because these are usually stressed. Content words Usually give enough information for us to understand the meaning of a sentence, Read and listen to the first sentence in the TED Talk. Notice how many of the content words are stressed. INC Our emotions infl big ones and Look at the list of types of words that are usually stressed, Read the next sentences from the talk and underline the words you think will be stressed, Then listen to check ls | Stressed Not stressed (Our emotions also influence how we conn ing world Ik more of our lives ti another, We've evolved tof i, we're living more a n a mission to change that. | want to brin ack into our digital exper 16 Unit Intouch with your feelings Dm Te ean WATCH Look at the emojis. Then discuss the questions in pairs you ever us Vhich ones use them, e.g. email text m social + Isitsometin es dificult to find the right emo) express Ww you are feeling? Why? + What other ways can you use to express your feelings online Watch Part 1 ofthe talk. Are the sentences true (1) or false (F) according to Rana? CBRE 1 Atthe moment it’s difficult to connec with others in text messages, emails, 2 Rana was with her husband in Cambridge. 3 The human face can show 45 emai 4 Wshardt asmik reach a compu smirk puter stu 5 Watch Part 2 of the talk. Which emotions does Cloe demonstrate? (31 1 alittle bit happy ‘emotion (‘poker face’ Watch Part 3 of the talk. Choose the correct option to complete each sentence, 1 Women in the UK / USA are more expressive than me pis peopl Work in pairs. Watch Part 3 ofthe talk again. What is your favourite use of the technology that Rana ‘mentions? Why? © VOCABULARY IN CONTEXT ‘a Watch the clips from the TED Talk. Choose the correct meaning of the words and phrases. b Complete the sentences in your own words. Then workin pairs and compare your sentences. + Iget a sense of c ie person in my wrinkles is Work in groups. Think of different ways Rana’s software could be used. Think about: + advertising inment (1, films, concerts, theatr people with physical problems and learning difficulties + shopping and fashion + social media her Think about your ideas. Which ones could: + make lots of money? + help people with pr + be lots of fun? Put comments a-din order (1-4). 1s the comment you agree with most 4s the one you agree with least* This technolo nese days webcams anid video, We don't need the com for us. We can read them ourselves. read fac don't need to read faces when wi y dowe need itr € “think Rana’s technology is amazing, but worry that ‘companies will only use it to sell more products to us’ | "don't hk ations, the idea of my comp ! “These comments were created for this activity Work in pairs. Compare your ideas. How do you think Rana would respond to the comments? Unit 1 Intouch wi feelings 17 1E The feel-good factor SPEAKING @ Work in pairs. Read about India’s longest-running movie. Discuss the questions. The Bollywood movie Dilwale Duthania Le Jayenge is one of India’s most successful lms twas stil showing at one cinema in Mumbai more than twenty years after t came out Its. a classic feel-good love story with a happy ending + What does ‘the feel-good factor’ mean? + Are there feel-good flms that people in your country watch more than once? + What are your favourite feel-good films? © Check that you know the meaning of the words in bold in these sentences. 1 I don’t think anyone could survive in space for that lang, but the special effects were amazing! 2 The rst fim was so frightening, there's no way 'm going to watch the sequel 3 Ithas a great soundtrack but some of the actors can't sing very wel 4 Itsan emotional story about a group of soldiers during the Second World War. ‘The cast is amazing - Tom Hanks and Matt Damon are init. 5 Its got realy exciting plot. The ending was a complete surprise! 6 There were one or two scenes that were so funny that | cried with laughter. © Match the types of film (af) with the sentences (1-6) in Exercise 2. Ta a acomedy dd amusical — = b adrama @ ascifimovie Asking follow-up questions ¢ ahorror movie f athiller QListen to two friends talking about a film. Choose the correct options. Name of film: The Way We Were / The Way Way Back ing: Steve Carell Collette Release date: 2003 / 2013 Type of film: animation comedy Set in: a hotel/.a water park Plot: An unhappy teenager father goes on holiday with his family and makes new friends, Recommended? Yes/ No Listen again. Which follow-up questions in the Useful language box do you hear? Scag) @ Match the questions you heard in Exercise 5 with these answers about a different film. Do you know the film? 1 Isa scisffilm i's the frst in main characters in XM fa young woman who fights tito country ofthe future called Panem. 6 it stars Jennifer La Work in pairs Student A stu Student B about a film you've seen ‘allow-up questions to find out more. WRITING A review © Are the expressions in the Useful language box used to talk about books, films or both? Talking about films and books © Fead the review on page 149, How many stars does the writer give the novel? © read the review again List the book's good points and the reviewer's citicisms @ WRITING SKILL Emphasis 1a Read the sentences. Which sentence emphasizes the way the person feels about the plot more? 1 really loved the plo 2 What really lo b Find three more sentences in the review that add emphasis. ¢ Complete these sentences so that they are true for the film you talked about in Exercise 7. 1 One thing that oved about the film was 2. What | found disappointing was 3 What made me really think was ‘© choose a film ora book you know. Write a review that includes: + introductory sentences that give basic information about the film or book could’ put it down, + short description of the plot + the good and bad things about it. ‘= your opinion and emotional response to it. + asentence thattells the reader to watch or read it (or not) © Read other students’ reviews. Which books ot films would you like to read/see? Students in Colombia crossing the Rio Negro canyon using ‘cables to get to school. alk about getting around eM g EEO Ee watch a TED Talk about ‘happy maps eC eee Se CC 2A Getting from A to B VOCABULARY Travel @ my PERSPECTIVE Work in pairs. Discuss the que ns. buy that makes her’ What does this quot o and read the caption. Would you lke to goto school think the children don'thave a safer v get to school? + How do y © Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. g around can you think off Make a lis. 2 Look at your list, Which form + isthe cheapest? vis most stressful? * lets you see the most? .ckpackins 1. My mum and dad y car, so they normally give me ___toschoo 2. RYS608 = that int our It's fying tothe same butit's a different airline. 3. Some passengers on the ____stayed on the ship, but we went on the “that they organized around the old p 4 We had an amazing __ !¥'m glad we were and ay ina hotel, We saw more of the country that way. {00k a different allthe time ea started their research, © cross out the item in each list that does not collocate with the verb(s). catch/miss my bus, my train, my car get home, lost, choo! get on/off the bus, the cart 1 2 3 4 get to know the city, your way a 5 6 7 rom A rain, the plane und, at, get to work, home, school go for a trip, bike «i goonatiig 8 takeatax an hour, two a journey, a travel, a trp, an expedition, a cruise kilometres, public transport © complete the sentences with a word from Exercise 3 or 4. Then finish them. so they are true for you. 1 My to school takes 2. The best way for visitors to to know my city is 3 il public transpon, | prefer to travel by ... because 4 The last long journey! _onwas to 5 Iflcould take a anywhere, I'd choose ... as my destinatior Unit 2 Enjoytheride 21 LISTENING Listen to descriptions of three journeys to school. Complete the table, Where {How |Time/ | What theylive | they | distance | they do travel [they onthe travel | way TSantiago, Muitoz 2Chosing | The Himalayas 3 Daisy Mora Listen again. Who (Santiago, Chosing or Daisy): (iF travels the furthest? doesn't take long to get to school? stays at school fora long time? gets up early to get to school on time? takes public transport to get to school? travels with a parent? has a dangerous journey to school? (2 people) is going to have an easier journey to school soon? 1 2 3 evans GRAMMAR 4 tives ending in -ed and -ing Read the sentences in the Grammar box. Underline the adjectives. Which adjectives describe the journeys? Which adjectives describe how the people feel? ‘Adjectives ending in -ed and -ing a You might think your journey to school takes ages, but Santiago Muriaz has one ofthe most ting school commutes.n the world... He excited about having ‘more time to spend with frends and getting more sleep! b They don' tak much, but itis never borin. Ittakes them six days and atthe end they are exhausted. € Forsome students living along the Ro Negro, their Journey to schools absolutely terrifying. If Daisy is ‘fightened, she doesn't show it! Choose the correct option to complete the sentences. Participle adjectives are adjectives that are made from verbs. They usually end in -ing ot -ed. 1 Adjectives that describe how a person feels end in -ing /-ed. 2 Adjectives that describe the thing that makes you feel {an emotion end ining / ed. re es Cross as Match the -ed adjectives (1-8) with their meanings (ah). Then complete the -ing adjectives. ed adjective meaning __| -ing adjective e [terrifying 2 exhauste | B annoyed | | 6 shocked 7 worried | 8 confused 2. surprised because of something bad that happened suddenly unhappy and alittle angry about something unhappy because something was not as good as you hoped or because something did not happen thinking about bad things that might happen frightened very sad and without hope tunable to think clearly about or understand something very tired seston Choose the correct option. Then work in pairs and tell your partner about one or two experiences you have had. 1 a destination you were looking forward to seeing but you found a bit disappointed / disappointing when you got there Iwas excited about a school excursion to the History Museum, but it was eally boring. Everyone was really disappointed. 2-aterifed /terifying moment youve had on a car journey 3 a day when you did so much walking that youwere absolutely exhausted / exhausting at the end 4 the longest and most bored / boring journey you've ever been on 5 ajoumey when you were very worried / worrying that you wouldn't get to the destination on time 6 anannoyed / annoying delay on public transport that you realy didn’t need 7 a depressed / depressing vip somewhere when you had aterible time 8 [Link] that you'd be very excited / exciting togoon Work in groups. Share your stories from Exercise 11. Whose experiences have been the most exciting / boring / tiring / frightening / disappointing? VOCABULARY BUILDING Compound nouns What places do visitors to your city ora city near you usually visit? Match words in column A with words in column B to make compound nouns. Check in a dictionary to find out if the compound nouns are one or two words. A 1 sight a 2 awalking b 3. anunderground © transport 4 ashopping seein 5 abuilding e centre 6 public f tour 7 urban g tracks 8 a h top 9 ashy i park 10. aroof J exploration 11 an amusement ke scraper 12 aview 1 point Listen and check your answers to Exercise 2. Underline the stressed part of each compound noun. Is there a general rule about where the stress is? EI 24 Unit2 Enjo the ride ) Which of the compound nouns in Exercise 2 are: visit? 1 things visitors might do, u 2 buildings? 3 places the public don’t normally go? Use the compound nouns in Exercise 2 to make eight sentences about your town or city. READING You are going to read an article about urban explorers, (urbexers). What would you like to find out from this article? Write three questions about urbexers you ‘would like to know the answers to, Then read the article to check if your questions are answered Read the article again. Choose the correct ending to complete the sentences, 1 The artic because a they are good examples of urban exploration. b they are very different ftom the activities that urban explorers do. the writer wants to exploring cites. le begins by talking about options for tourists recommend some v ys of (5 How do you get to know a city you've never been to before? For most people, the typical tourist ‘options are enough. Take a bus tour to see the sights: or, if you're feeling energetic, consider a walking tour. To get a taste of city life, use public transpor. But there are people who want more than the standard tourist options. They are urbevers — urban explorers, They're interested in discovering parts of the city we normally see as less beautiful, the places tourists are not supposed to see: ghost underground stations that have been closed for years, shopping. centres and amusement parks at night, abandoned factories, building sites, tunnels and railway tracks, I's not for everybody. You can't be scared! of heights or ‘small spaces and you have to be willing to take tisks. Bradley Garrett is one of them. Urbexers don’t follow the same routes as everyone else: Tve been to Paris six times and I've seen more of the city underground: than I have above ground, he says. ‘If somebody asked me for a good restaurant, I'd have no ide: 1 wasn't until Bradley and his urbexer friends had climbed to the top of London's tallest skyscraper, the Shard, and had managed to visit all ofthe city’s founcen abandoned underground stations that the police stopped them exploring as a group. Bradley ‘was studying urbexers for a book he was writing when they had to stop. 2. The places that urban explorers visit are a always underground. b notused any more. € not usually attractive to many people. 3 Bradley Gar a knows Paris very well. bb doesn't like high places. € wouldn't be e very good quide fo traditional tourists. 4 Bradley and his friends a weren't allowed to go to London's abandoned underground stations. n no longer exalore together. « didn't climb the Shard 5 Garrett's tip to the top of the Legacy Tower was a easy b lonely «well planned 6 Zhao Yang a investigates abandoned factories, bb explores with friends. € doesn’t want to tell anyone about his experiences. 7 The article ends by a describing more activities that urban explorers do. b recommending other ways of exploring cities. ¢ explaining the health benefits poration. Bradley's best experience as an urbexer was in. Chicago with friends when they climbed the Legacy » Tower, a 72-storey skyscraper. ‘We were siting on a rooftop looking up at this building when someone suggested we try to get up it. So we walked in and just got in the lift after some residents had opened the door. When we made it up to the roof, it was, 2s the most incredible view Ive ever seen.” Why do urbexers do i Many enjoy the excitement ‘of putting themselves in danger. Some enjoy the feeling they get from being alone in abandoned places. ‘ feel I'm the only person in the world,’ says © Zhao Yang, a Chinese 29-year-old who explores places where people used to work, like old industrial sites and abandoned hospitals, Like many urbexers, Zhao is a keen photographer who takes his smartphone to record what he sees and, like many, 1s he also writes a blog about his experiences, but he prefers to explore alone This can be dangerous, of course, but if you're interested in exploring city spaces, there are safe ‘ways of doing it, For example, its easy to look at a ‘= map, identify an area that is new to you and go there Another way is to ty to ger lost in your own town, r you could just set off for a walk without planning, your route. Who knows what you might find! abandoned left empty CRITICAL THINKING Selecting information IF they are writing about something that is unfamiliar alot of people, writers have to think about the kind of information that will interest their readers. Read the Critical thinking box. Which questions does the article answer about urbexers and urban exploration? 1 Does urban exploration happen all over the world? 2. How long have people been exploring in this way? 3 How many people do it? 4 {Fl want to explore my local urban area, what can | do? 5 Is the word ‘urbexer in the dictionary? 6 7 8 9 What are some of the stories that urbexers have? Why is urban exploration attractive to some people? What kind of places do urbexers visit? What personal qualities do urbexer © Work in groups. Discuss the questions. + Did the article answer all your questions fram Exercise 6? + What other information would you lke to seein the article? + How could you find out the answers tothe questions that weren't answered? ® Do you think the author did a good job? Did he choose the information that was interesting to you? Unit2 Enjoy the ide 25; Sydney on $20 ba GRAMMAR Narrative forms BP eee) Race ‘Work in pairs. Can you remember Bradley Garrett's adventure at the Legacy Tower? Retell the story using these words. rooftop the Check your ideas in Exercise 1 with the article on page 25. Choose the correct options to complete the sentences in the Grammar box. a. itwasn't until Bradley and his fiends had climbed / were climbing to the Shard and used to manage had managed to visit all ofthe citys underground stations that the police stopped / were stopping them uD, bb Bradley studied /was studying urbexers fora book he wrote /was writing when they had to stop. ‘We had sat/were sitting on a rooftop when someone suggested /used to suggest we ty to get up the Legacy Tower. So we walked /were walking in and just had got/ got in the lit after some residents had opened / were opening where people were working / used to work, lke old tals Read the sentences in the Grammar box and complete these ru past simple, past continuous, past perfect or used to. ons or events in the past 1 sctibe an incomplete action or event when fen connected with when, 1 ito give background information, It is not used with state tC) 2 inthe past. Ifactions happen one after another, we use t 3 weuse the _ d fore another past a 4 weusually use 0 talk about s were true in the past but are not true any more. Read about freeganism. What are the advantages of living like this? Would you like to live like this? What do you think the disadvantages are? hey y a8 px ir impact on the environment. They d find altern they want to save money and re to eat food that Pee © Becky Khalil was a freegan in Australia for some time. Choose the correct options to complete what she says about travelling as a freegan in Sydney. |) used t0 ink / was thinking that Australia was a really expensive place, and the first ime | (2) went / had gone there, | worked to pay for my living expenses. But while | (3) had stayed / was staying in Australia last time, (4) found / used to find another way to live. I(5) used to use / had ready used my working visa on my ist trip, so couldn't geta job this time. To make things worse, someone (6) was stealing ad stolen all my money during a train journey. So 17) became / had become a freegan. Before | (8) used to buy / vas buying too much food and threw alot of itaway, but this time | (9) had eaten / ae leftover food from fiends and shops, ke day-old bread. (10) dnt spend / hadn't spent anything on accommodation, les than $100 on travel and les than $20 on food for si weeks! Complete the rest of Becky's story with the best form of the verbs. Most ofthe time, friends of mine (1) —___ ime sleep on their sofas, but before my trip (2) ____ (contact) a company that organizes house-siting’ jobs, | sometimes looked after houses when the owners were on holiday. To save money on bus fares, 1G) (get) lifts wth people | knew, and whil (travel) around the country, \ usually decided to camp. Once | went to sleep under the let) my tent up. Finding cheap or fee food was much easier thanl (expect) it to be. Even in winter, | enjoyed it because | (7) (live) with other egans and we (8) (become) friends and helped each other. At the end of each day, shops gave us anything they (9) (not sel. Believe itor not wees PRONUNCIATION Weak forms: used to Listen to these sentences. How is used to pronounced? Practise reading the sentences. {i/5I 1 Our grandparents never used to throw their food away. 2 Did people use to travel alot when your parents were young? 3 A Do you enjoy travelling by plane? B: |used to, but not any more. Complete the sentences in your own words. Then work in pairs and compare your sentences. 1 Before this lesson I didn't know 2 When | was younger, l used to 3 I didn’t use to... (but !do now). 4 The last time |... was when 5 Ididn't spend any money when 6 | bought... while was Prepare notes about a trip or journey you have taken that was memorable in some way. Use these questions: to help you plan what you are going to say. + Where did you go? Did you use to go to the same destination regularly, of was this the fist time? + How did you travel? nen did you make the trip? ho did you go with? + What memorable things happened? What were you doing when they happened? + How did you feel about the journey in general? CHOOSE 1. Work in pairs. Tell your stories to each other. Ask each other questions to find out more. 2 Present your story to the class. 3 Write your story. Read each others stories and choose your favourite. 2 Happy maps a ae oad or listen to people on TV will hear foreign elpful tise listening to diffe canen accents so stening to people from al over the w Listen to the beginning of the TED Talk, first said by a native English speaker and then by Daniele Quercia, a native Italian speaker. Compare the pronunciation ofthe underlined sounds. 1 Ihave a confession to make, As a scientist ar fficiency r many yeas. How do you say these sentences? Listen to Daniele and a native speaker to compare. 1 lived in Boston and worked in Cambridge. 2 | teamed up with Luce and Rossano. 3 They also recalled how some paths smell and sounded. MY PERSPECTIVE Which of these statements do you agree with? Why? 1 Leamers should tr dike native speakers of 2 Sometimes i to understanc nn speakers of English than native speake 3. Your foreign accent in English isan important part of your ide be proud ofit. 2B Unit2 Enjoy thet WATCH What do you usually see on your journey to school? What can you hear? What can you smell? Part 1 of the talk. A the 11 What journey helped Daniele see that travel isn’t jus difere from the old one b They give co travel are very simi c ‘0 computer games. Watch Part 2 of the talk. Choose the correct option to complete each sentence, [IE 1 Daniele change: look more at hot people experience / get a ity 2 The red path on the map is the shortest / mos enjoyable one 3 They collect by asking people to play 6 Their goat is to encouras ‘many paths through the e people to take the best path / ity VOCABULARY IN CONTEXT a Watch the clips from the TED Talk. Choose th cortect meaning of the words and phrases. b Think of examples of the following things. Then workin pairs and compare your examples, + a place that’s su + atime when yo where that yside Work in pairs. Daniele asks ‘What if we had a mapping tool that would return the most enjoyable routes based ‘on smell, sound and memories? Think of places near where you live that: + have an interesting smell + make you think ofan in + remind you of a memory. Tell your partner about them, Work in groups. Discuss the questions. 1. How does Daniele think that his mapping app will make people's lives better? 2 Daniele's London m nappy, b you prefer to use to ge 3 Why might the: kind of hows autiful and quiet. Which kind of route would ty? Why? utes that are shi ple be intereste ive reason: in using this ‘hone. for + a tourist spending a week in a new city > a0 ier who delivers letter ‘ompanies by bicycle + astudent + atoxi chive and parcels quickly for 4 Would you like to have this mapping app on your martp Work in pairs. Look at a map of your town ora city that you know well. Plan two one-hour walking routes forthe city, his must + Route | interesting places as possi + Route 2. This must include the swho are visting the city interest teenage Work in groups. Compare your routes and discuss the questions. + Which of the tours wr ris? uid you enjoy most if youwere a + What other types of (quick the nor city? Unit2 Enjoy the ride 29 2E You can’t miss it SPEAKING PS Q Work in pairs. Discuss the questions A Asking for directions How do you find your way when you are lost? Have you ever used a Excuse me, the 61 app to help you, or do you prefer to ask someone’ you B Giving directions ay up there until Conversation 1 | Conversation2 11 Do the speakers know each ol ights, go straight 2 Where do they wa night, are they travelling? 8 Listen toto conversations. Complete the table to get to es, take the fist ning on the le Talking about landmarks and destinations © Look at the map and listen again, Match a letter from the map with each of these places. (il pasta...ony The train station is on your let D Talking about time and 1 where the fist conversation tales place 3 thecinema : 2. the science museum 4 Melanie's house distance t's ot very far fom here. © Use one word to complete the expressions. Listen again to check. nome ana 1 Canyou____me?m tying to tothe museum frome 2 Its quite a ton ut fifteen minutes! __ 3 Go up Northway Street for about five minutes you get tothe market on your left. Then take the second on the, 4 Youcan't__it. 5 Canyougiveme to your house? 6 Soifthe station's you, youl need to turn right 7 Atthe ___ofthe street youtl see a cinema in font of you 8 (on up Northway Street untll you get toa supermarket on your astra nt ‘@ Label the sentences in Exercise 4 with the correct category (AD) from the Useful language box. @ Workin pats Ask forand give directions between places on the map. @ Work in groups. Give directions to each other from school to destinations ‘around town. Listen and say what you think the destinations are. 30 WRITING A story @ Work in pairs. Read the writing task below. Then tell your partner about a time when you got lost. Write a story that ends with the sentence: After so many ho fost, had ended up just where | needed to be! feeling completely © Read the story on page 149, At which of these moments did the writer feel uncertain? 1 talking to his cousin 4 when he got off the bus 2 atthe bus station 5 on the motorbike 3 onthe bus 6 atthe boat @ WRITING SKILL just Match the sentences (1-5) with the meaning of just (2-e). My cousin had just returned from an istand called Koh Tao, An old man pointed to a bus that was ust about to leave. | was just falling asleep when the driver shouted, ‘Koh Tao! couldn't see the sea just a quiet road Ihad ended up just where | needed to bel only d almost ‘ €@ very soon (with be about 1) recently ace ween exactly @® You are going to write a story about a journey or trip that ends with cone of these three sentences. Choose your ending. + That was one of the worst trips of my life + hadn't expected to have such an exciting journey + Getting to school had never been so complicated ® Prepare to write your story. 1. Use the questions in the Writing strategies box to help about the detail of your story. 2 Think about the verb forms you will need to tell the story make notes © Write your story. When you have finished, share it with other people in the class. Whose stories sound like the best/worst experiences? Writing a story Usea pra lan iets when you write a story Paragraph 1: Set the scene ere does the story start? Who is the story about? When does the story take place? Paragraphs 2 and 3: Main events happened? How did you feel? What happened next? Paragraph 4:The end. What happened in the end? Howr did you or other people fee? What do you remember mo about the events? Soe LE Cee ee Come ca TERME Ee ES Nera eS case Ee 3A Pushing the limits VOCABULARY Sports Work in pairs. Look at the photo and read the caption. Discuss the questions. + Why do people do sport like this? + Have you ever done an ‘extreme sport’? Would you lke to try this 5 Why? / Why not? Put these words into the correct category. Use a dictionary if necessary. | How many more words can you add to each category? bounce lembing coach cout diving gymnastics karate kick net opponent pass pitch referee rink sailing spectator the 100-metre sprint throw Sports People Places Equipment | Actions dimbing Write five sentences about sports using the words in Exercise 2. Intennis, you have to hit the ball to your opponent’ side of the court. ‘Match these verbs with the words and phrases they collacate with. achieve beat do encor go play represent score train win 1 aprize/ atrophy / the gold medal 2. climbing / sailing / cycling 3. golf/ tennis /an important role 4 gymnastics / yoga / your best 5 people to work asa team / children to exercise more 6 forthe event / before the race / hard 7 8 9 0 your goal / your personal best / your ambition your school / your country / the team a goal /ten points your opponent / the champion Workin pairs. Read the statements (1-6). Which sport (or sports) are the statements about? 1 The pitch is where! meet al my friends. And | feel proud when I'm representing my club in tournaments 2 Being out in my boat gives mea real sense of freedom. It's always played an important roe in my life. When I'm up a mountain, it’s about pushing my own limits, not winning trophies or breaking records 4 |'m doing it to raise money for a children’s charity, I've been training for months, but I've stil ot along way to go! 5 | want to encourage the younger players to have some fun on the court 6 Tobe honest, | don't enjoy it much - it’s quite boring, | only doit to keep fit. 3 ) MY PERSPECTIVE Do you do any sports for the reasons in bold in Exercise 5? What other reasons can you think of for doing sport? Unit3 Activelives 33 ISTENING @ Look at the photo of a young climber, Ashima Shiraishi and read the caption. What do you think the V scale measures? ima, Ani the listen to-a podcast about questions. “U3 1 Why does she enjoy climb 2 at has she achieved? Oisten again, Are these sentences true (T) or false (F)? How do you know? fl ES 1 Ashima started climbing when she was a teenage 2. She has been a professional climber fora yet 3 She alwa ibs. 4 She has climibed in several countries ing Japan and South Attica 5 She's the only fernale athlete to successfully climb a V4 problem, 6 She is the youngest person to successfully climb a 15 problem 7 She recently had an accident, butit hasn't stopped her climbing, 8 She does her hamework late in the evening because she has to twain hard, 34 Unit3 Active lives GRAMMAR Past simple and present perfect @ Read the extracts from the podcast in the Grammar box. Underline the verbs in the past simple and circle the verb in the present perfect. Golden Shadow’ pr. @ Answer the questions about the sentences in the Grammar box. 1 Isitclearwhen is itimportant when she went to South Africa? Is v Now 1 n e " t T _ 2014 «201520162017 a Ashima disco loved it ever since b She has travelled to many d his year, Ashima climbed Horizon, a V15 ci e after that, she felland injured her back, buts has recovered and is now climbi @ Match the sentences (a-e) in the Grammar box above with the rules (1-5). We use the pi 1 completed actions i totalk about fe past. The tin Present perfect nt perfect to talk about 2. actions which started in the past and continue to the 3. action: situati 5 recent © Choose the correct options to complete the text. Speed climbing isa race against the clock. Climbing as a sport (1) was been around for a long time, bul fifteen-metre wall as quic ley must hit 3 butto 10 stop the clock. n. When they reach When the sport (3) started / has started, climbers (4) used / have used wals with different heights and Folds but, since 2007, al the walls (5) were / have been exactly the same. The men’s world record holders Dany! Boldyrev, who (6) broke / has broken the record with a time of 56 seconds in 2014 petitive climbing (7) wasn't / hasn't Been in the last pic Games, but the or Games 2020 Toky as a sport for the Olyinpics © Putthe verbs in the correct form of the past simple or present perfect to complete the conversations. 1A: (you play) B: No.4 injure) ry a sport since then, pat’s a shame 2A ou / do) when you were younger? Lots of different ones — football, volleyball swimming, I (always / love B. (i/just/ start] mountain biking, That's my latest interes 3A: (you /ever / win) a medal or tophy? B: Yes, several times, | (lay) baseball for several years, and my team is quite Ac Wow | didn't know tha 4A: (you/ever / do) karate B: No, but 'd love to.A fiend (try) it ast year, and (enjoy) A isnot something that (ever / interest) me 5 A: (you/ watch) any matches yet this year B: No, Ihaven't But my dad (go) to al of them: © Work in pairs. Talk about your own experiences of sport. Use the questions in Exercise 14 to help you, and continue the conversation. nit. Activ 35 VOCABULARY BUILDING Phrasal verbs © Underline the phrasal verb and its synonym. 1 More and more people are taking uy often start doing it after seeing it in ate now, y n't want to p watch, and join in another time 3. Even professional athletes warm up b Our bodies need time to prepare for sport 4 wanted to keep but it was imp beat the world number one in t hana take on vor Can the nallenge them for a place in the quarter-finals fe up tennis in 2015.1 had to stop playing because 8 Idon't exercise much during the w he gym k, but | work out Complete the questions with the correct form of a pl a phrasal verb from Exercise 1 1 Do you like to spectator? Why 2 Has your team eve 3 Ifyou could iy? Why? 36 Unit3 ives 4 What sports have you 2 Why did you st Ws the inning? © Work in pairs. Askand answer the questions in Exercise 2. READING Q Read the article. Why were the Maasai Olympics started? © Complete paragraphs 1-6 with the topic sentences (a, the main idea of 25 are usually the first A topic sentence summa 1 paragraph, Topic sente h ence of the parag a The Aftican Wildlife Foundation got together with 5 to. come up with a plan. b The Games ate not jt m € One of Aftica’s most famous ani Maasai tribes have been hunting lions \undreds of year, eH ssful way tohelp conserva and Tanzania? Preparations for the next Games have been heating up, ind everyone invaly ing excited. EC 1 In the 1940s there were an estimated 450,000 lions across Africa, but since then numbers have decreased of memon ial part ofthe brain, Damage to that area ofthe brain can cause ace blindness’, where people can't recognize faces at all. Having said that, most

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