CHEMISTRY CLASS XII

UNIT – 6 BIOMOLECULES
TRUE FALSE QUESTION BANK
State whether the following statement are true or false.

1. Despite having the aldehyde group glucose does not give Schiff’s test.

2. All monosaccharides oxidise Tollens’ reagent.

3. Glucose gives positive silver mirror test.

4. All monosaccharides have the general formula Cm(H2O)n.

5. Fructose is a functional isomer of glucose.

6. Hydrolysis of starch in conc. H2SO4 gives glucose commercially.

7. All monosaccharides are sweet in taste.

8. Amino Acids are always neutral in nature.

9. Nucleoside is the monomer of nucleic acid.
10. Three Hydrogen bonds are present between thymine and adenine.
11. Keratin present in hair is an example of globular protein.
12. Amino acids possess low melting point due to zwitter ion structure.
13. The molecular formula of pentose sugar in DNA is C5H10O5.
14. There are three types of RNA molecules as m-RNA, r-RNA and t-RNA.
15. Phosphate unit attached to fifth position Carbon of pentose sugar in DNA molecule.

16. Carbohydrates containing an aldehydic group are called aldose and those containing a keto
group are called ketose.

17.Anomers differ in configuration at C-4 of glucose molecule.

18.Invert sugar is obtained by hydrolysis of sucrose and contains equimolar amounts of D-(+)-
Glucose and D-(-)-Fructose.

19.In RNA, the sugar is Ribose but in DNA, it is 2-deoxyribose.

20. Denaturation involves conversion of fibrous proteins to globular proteins.

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21. The acidic nature of amino acid is due to -NH2 group and basic nature of amino acid is due to -
COOH group.

22. Most of the α-amino acids exist as Zwitter ions.

23. Glucose is insoluble in water.

24. Glucose is called glucopyranose.

25. Sucrose is a monosaccharide.

26. Fructose is laevorotatory.

27. Fructose has aldehyde group as it reduces Fehling solution.

28. Saccharic acid is a dicarboxylic acid.

29. Fructose has furanose five membered ring structure.

30.Deoxyribose, C5H10O4 is not a carbohydrate. Learning objective:Understanding

31. Galactose is C-4 epimer of Glucose.Learningobjective:Knowledge
32. Pyranose rings and furanose rings are both heterocyclic. Learning objective:Application
33. Dihydroxyacetone is a ketose which is chiral. Learning objective:Application
34. Thealdopentose which is present in DNA is ribose. Learning objective:Knowledge
35. Fibrous protein is soluble in water.
36. DNA has single α helix structure.
37. RNA contains cytosine and uracil as pyrimidine bases.
38. Insulin, haemoglobin etc are the example of globular protein.
39. The presence or absence of hydroxyl group on fourth carbon atom of sugar differentiates RNA
and DNA.
40. The sequence of bases or nucleotides in the DNA molecule which regulates the synthesis of a
specific protein is called gene.
41. All the compounds having general formula Cx(H2O)y are carbohydrates.
42. Monosaccharides cannot be hydrolysed into simpler units.
43. The aqueous solution of D- glucose does not rotate the plane polarised light.
44. All the monosaccharides having D-configuration are dextrorotatory.
45. The sugar moiety in nucleic acid exists in furanose form.
46. Cellulose is non- reducing sugar.

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47. When glucose is treated with Bromine water –CH2OH group is glucose oxidised to –COOH
group.
48. Glucose gives positive 2, 4-DNP test.

49. Glucose and fructose are anomers of each other.

50. Glucose is found to exist in two different crystalline forms which are α- and β-forms.

51. Glucose is a ketohexose.

52. Fructose contains keto group but still it reduces Tollens’ reagent.
53. Adenine (A) and guanine (G) are two bases derived from purine.
54. Adenine forms hydrogen bonds with guanine whereas cytosine forms hydrogen bonds with
thymine in DNA strand.
55. A reagent that disrupts disulfide bonds will denature proteins.
56. Hemoglobin is afibrous protein.
57. Amino acids are acidic,basicorneutral.
58. Histidine is an essential amino acid.
59. Glycine is an optically active amino acid
60. Keratin is an example of fibrous protein.
61. Nucleotides are phosphate esters of nucleosides.
62. All amino acids except glycine are optically active.
63. Both insulin and haemoglobin are Globular proteins and are soluble in water.
64. In nucleic acids, the nucleotides are joined together by phosphoester linkage.
65. Essential amino acids are synthesized by human body.

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KEY TO TRUE-FALSE TYPE QUESTIONS
1. T 11. F 21. F 31 T 41 F
2. F 12. F 22. T 32 T 42 T
3. T 13. F 23 F 33 F 43 F
4. F 14. T 24 T 34 F 44 F
5. T 15. T 25 F 35 F 45 T
6. F 16. T 26 T 36 F 46 T
7. F 17. F 27 F 37 T 47 F
8. F 18. T 28 T 38 T 48 F
9. F 19. T 29 T 39 F 49 F
10. F 20. F 30 F 40 T 50 T

51 F 55 T 59 F 63 T

52 T 56 F 60 T 64 F

53 T 57 T 61 T 65 F

54 F 58 T 62 T

The questions submitted by the PGTs (Chemistry) of KVs of Bhubaneswar, Guwahati, Kolkata,
Ranchi, Silchar and Tinsukia Regions.

Vetted by:

Mr Ramanuj Kumar, PGT (Chemistry), KV Tatanagar, Ranchi Region

Email: [email protected] Ph.No. 7488286933, 7033038485

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(D) CASE STUDIES:

Each passage given below is followed by some multiple choice questions. Each question has one
correct option. Choose the correct option.

PASSAGE 1.One asymmetric C-atom is present in glyceraldehyde for which two enantiomers of it
exist in nature which are represented below:

D-configuration L-configuration

H-C=O H-C=O

H OH HO H

H2C-OH H2C-OH

(1) (2)

D (+)-Glyceraldehyde L (-)-Glyceraldehyde

(+)-Glyceraldehyde directs the enantiomer that rotates the plane of polarised light to the left, and that
of (-)-Glyceraldehyde to the right. This (+), (-) signs don’t indicate the arrangement of OH & H
groups about the asymmetric C-atom.

In 1906, Rosanoff decided arbitrarily that the enantiomer (1) with OH to the right may be designated
as D- glyceraldehyde and the enantiomer (2) with the OH to left as L-glyceraldehyde. The modern
X-ray diffraction technique confirmed the Rosanoff’s D-glyceraldehyde was actually (+)-
glyceraldehyde and L-glyceraldehyde was (-)-glyceraldehyde. Taking the configuration of
glyceraldehyde as standard, the sugars are divided into two families, the D-family and L-family. The
asymmetric carbon which is the most distant from the carbonyl group are designated as D-sugars or
L-sugars.

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 H-C=O

H OH

HO H D-configuration

H OH

H OH

H2C-OH

1. In the following molecule which C shows D (or) L- configuration? (Ap)

H-1C=O
2
H OH
3
HO H

H24C-OH

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

2. How many asymmetric Cs’ is/are present in Fructose? (Ev)

(a) 6 (b) 5 (c) 4 (d) 3

PASSAGE2:

Monosaccharides containing an aldehyde group are called aldoses while those containing a keto
group are called ketoses. All monosaccharides containing five and six carbon atoms have cyclic
structures, furanose (five membered) and pyranose (six membered). During ring formation, C1 in
aldoses and C2 in ketoses becomes chiral and hence all these monosaccharides exist in two forms
called the α-anomer and β-anomer while C1 and C2 are called glycosidic or anomeric carbon atoms.
In contrast, stereoisomers, which differ in configuration at any other chiral carbon other than the
glycosidiccarbon are called epimers. Two molecules of the same or different monosaccharides
combine together through glycosidic linkage to form disaccharides.

1. Which of the following compound show furanose structures? (U)

(a) Mannose (b) Galactose (c) Fructose (d) Sucrose

2. What is the relation between two molecules? (Ap)

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 (a) Enantiomers (b) Epimers (c) Functional groups (d) Anomers

3. In disaccharides, the linkage connecting monosaccharide units is called (U)

(a) Glycogen linkage (b) Nucleoside linkage

(c) Glycosidic linkage (d) Peptide linkage.

PASSAGE-3
The sequence of bases in mRNA are read in a serial order in groups of three at a time. Each triplet of
nucleotides (having a specific sequence of bases) is known as codon. Each codon specifies one
amino acid. Many amino acids have more than one codons. The amino acids are brought to mRNA
by another type of RNA called tRNA each amino acid has at least one corresponding tRNA. At one
end of the tRNA is a trinucleotide base sequence on mRNA.
1.. Which of the following nitrogen bases is not present in RNA?
a) Thymine
b) Adenine
c) Guanine
d) Cytosine
2.. Each triplet of nucleotides is called:
a) Anticodon
b) Codon
c) mRNA
d) tRNA
3. Each codon specifies:
a) 1 amino acid
b) 2 amino acids
c) 3 amino acids
d) None of these

PASSAGE-4

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The basic chemical formula of DNA is now well established. Watson and Crick proposed a double
helical structure of DNA. According to them, DNA consist of two right-handed Polynucleotide’s
strand (chain). The backbone of each strand consists of the sugar phosphate units and the N- base
pairs of both strands are linked together through H- bonds. H- bonding can occurs between specific
bases because of sizes and geometry of bases. A Purine bases of one strand is always linked with a
pyrimidine base.

A=T G≡C

The two strands of the double helix are complementary and not identical. Because the base sequence
of one strand automatically fixes that of another strand. On heating two strand of DNA separate from
each other this is called melting. On cooling these again hybridize this is called Annealing.

Q. 1. Purines present in DNA are:

a. Adenine and Thymine b. Guanine and Thymine

c. Cytosine and Thymine d. Adenine and Guanine

Q. 2. DNA structure is

a. Single strand b. Double helical

c. Spherical shape d. Sheet like

Q. 3. The nature of bond between different N-containing bases is

a. Van der Waal forces b. Ionic bonds

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 c. Metallic bonds d. Hydrogen-Bonds

PASSAGE-5

Proteins are the most abundant biomolecules of the living system. The chief sources of proteins are
milk, cheese, pulses, fish, meat, peanuts etc. They are found in every part of the body and form a
fundamental basis of structure and functions of life. These are also required for growth and
maintenance of body. The work protein is derived from Greek word, ‘proteios’ meaning ‘primary’ or
of ‘prime importance’. Chemically, proteins are the polymers in which the monomeric units are the
α-amino acids.

Amino acids contain amino (-NH2) and carboxylic (-COOH) functional groups. Depending upon the
relative position of amino group with respect to carboxylic group, the amino acids can be classified
as α, β and γ-amino acids. Amino acids which are synthesised by the body are called non-essential
amino acid. On the other hand, those amino acids which cannot be synthesised in the human body
and are supplied in the form of diet (because they are required for proper health and growth) are
called essential amino acids.

Q. 1. Amino acids show amphoteric behaviour. Why?

a. They have amino group b. They have carboxylic group

c. Both (a) and (b) d. none of the above

Q. 2. The name of linkage joining two amino acids

a. Hydrogen bonding b. Peptide linkage

c.Amino linkage d. Imino joints

Q. 3. What are polypeptides?

a. 10 < α-amino acids joined togetherb. amino acids joined together

c. 20 < β-amino acids joined together d. None of the above

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 Q. 4. What type of bonding helps in stabilising the α-helix structure of proteins?

a. Peptide linkage b. Hydrogen bonding

c. Amino linkage d. Van der waals force

PASSAGE-6
Sl.No Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:
Carbohydrates form a group of naturally occurring organic compounds and are a major
source of energy for our body. Some common examples are cane sugar, glucose, starch etc.
Chemically these are either polyhydric aldehydes or polyhydric ketones. Based on the
molecular size, these are classified as monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and
polysaccharides.
1. The number of monosaccharide units present in an oligosaccharide ranges from
(A) 25 -30
(B) 2 – 10
(C) 15 – 18
(D) 20 -22
2. The carbohydrate present in milk is
(A) galactose
(B) maltose
(C) lactose
(D) fructose

PASSAGE-7

Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes and ketones and in addition to that, those compounds
which on hydrolysis give such compounds are also carbohydrates. The carbohydrates which are not
hydrolysed are called monosaccharides. Monosaccharides with aldehyde group are called aldose
and those with free ketonic group are called ketose. Carbohydrates are optically active. The number
of optical isomers = 2n, where n= number of asymmetric carbons or chiral carbons. Carbohydrates
are mainly synthesized by plants during photosynthesis. The monosaccharides give the
characteristic reactions of alcohols and carbonyl group (Aldehyde and Ketones). It has been found
that these monosaccharides exist in the form of cyclic structures. In cyclization, the –OH group
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(generally C-5 or C-4 in aldohexoses and C-5 or C-6 in ketohexoses) combine with the aldehyde or
keto group. As a result, cyclic structures of five of six membered rings containing one oxygen atom
are formed, e.g, glucose forms a ring structure. Glucose contains one aldehyde group, one primary
alcoholic group and four secondary alcoholic groups in its open structure.

The following questions 1 to 4 are multiple choice questions. Choose the most appropriate answer

1. The first member of Ketose sugar is-

(a) Ketotriose (b)Ketotetrose (c) Ketopentose (d) Ketohexose

2. Some statements are given below:

(1). Glucose is an aldohexose

(2). Naturally occurring glucose is dextrorotatory

(3). Glucose contains three chiral carbons

(4). Glucose contains one primary alcoholic group and four secondary alcoholic groups

Among the above, correct statements are,

(a)1 and 2 (b)3 and 4 (c )1,2 and 4 (d)1,2,3 and 4

PASSAGE-8-

Read the passage to answer the questions given below:

Carbohydrates are one of the most important class of biomolecules. Carbohydrates are defined as
optically active poly-hydroxy aldehydes or poly-hydroxyl ketones..Monosaccharides are simplest
monomeric unit of polysaccharides. The two monosaccharides are joined together by an oxide
linkage, known as glycosidic linkage formed by the loss of a water molecule. The sugar in which
aldehydic or ketonic groups are free can reduce Tollensreagent& Fehling reagent are called reducing
sugars. All the polysaccharides are non reducing. Monosaccharides containing aldehyde are called
aldose sugar and ketone are called ketose sugar.

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1 A non reducingsugar ‘X’ on hydrolysis with dilute acid gives an equimolar mixture of D–(+)–
D
glucose and D-(-)-Fructose.
Fructose. X is a
(A) Monosaccharide
(B) Disaccharide
(C) Trisaccharide
(D) Polysachharides
2 Which of the following pairs of sugar can be distinguished by Fehling Solution
(A) Glucose & Fructose
(B) Sucrose & Cellulose
(C) Cellulose & Starch
(D) Sucrose & Glucose

3 D-Galactose
Galactose is an aldohexose sugar. It consists of following functional group:
(A) One –CHO
CHO , Four Secondary –OH, One primary –OH
(B) Two –CHO
CHO , Four Secondary –OH
(C) One >C=O , Four Secondary
Second –OH, One primary –OH
One -CHO
CHO , Four Secondary –OH, One –COOH.
4 Identify the correct statement about monosaccharides :
(A) Monosaccharides are non-
non reducing sugar.
(B) Monosaccharides are optically inactive.
(C) Cyclic form of manosaccharidesarehemiacetal or hemiketal.
Monosachharides are insoluble in water.

PASSAGE-9

All the carbohydrate molecules consists of assymetric carbon centre and are optically active. The D
and L designations refers the relative configuration of particular stereoisomer. Naturally occurring
glucose is correctly named as D(+)–glucose.The
D(+) solution of as D(+)–glucose
glucose has specific rotation of
o
52.5 It exist in two different crystalline cyclic hemiacetal form – (i) α-D
D glucose having melting
o
point 419 K and specific rotation +112 and (ii) β- D glucose having melting point 423 K and
specific rotation +19.2o .In the aqueous solution, the cyclic form exist in equilibrium through the
open chain form :

Sucrose is a
dextrorotatory di saccharides which on hydrolysis forms equimolar mixture of -D–(+)–glucose
(specific rotation 52.4o) & D–(–)––fructose (specific rotation -92.5o) This mixture is known as invert
sugar.

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1 The change in optical rotation of freshly prepared solution of glucose is known as
(A) Inversion
(B) Racemisation
(C) Mutarotation
(D) Tautomerism.
2 Aqueous solution of sucrose when hydrolysed the resulting solution becomes :
(A) Dextrorotatory
(B) Laevorotatory
(C) Either Dextrortatory Or Laevorotatory
(D) Optically inactive
3 α-D-glucose and β-D-glucose are dissolved in waterin two separate beakers labeled as ‘X’ and
‘Y’ respectively and allowed tostand, then
(A) specific rotation in beaker X will decrease while in Y willincrease upto a certain
constant value.
(B) specific rotation in beaker X will increase while in Y will decrease upto a certain
constant value.
(C) the specific rotation of equilibrium mixture in twobeakers will be different.
(D) the equilibrium mixture in both beakers will containonly cyclic form of glucose.

PASSAGE-10

Case:
Monosaccharides containing an aldehyde group are called aldoses while those
containing a keto group are called ketoses.The aldehyde group is always present at C1
1. while the keto group is usually present at C2,All monosaccharides containing five and
six carbon atoms have cyclic structures ,furanose(five membered) and pyranose (six-
membered).During ring formation,C1 in aldoses and C2 in Ketoses becomes Chiral
and hence all monosaccharides exist in two stereoisomeric forms called the α-anomer
and the β-anomer while C1 and C2 are called anomeric or glycosidic carbon atoms.In
2. contrast ,thesestereoisomers,which differ in configuration at any other chiral carbon
other than the glycosidic carbon are called epimers.Two molecules of the same or

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 different monosaccharides combine together through glycosidic linkage to form
disaccharides.Allmonosaccharides (aldoses and ketoses ) and disaccharides except
sucrose reduce Tollens’ reagent and Fehling’s solution,undergomutarotation and
forms osazones.
Which of the following pairs give positive Tollens’test?
(A)Glucose,Sucrose
(B)Glucose,fructose
(C)Hexanal,acetophenone
(D)Fructose ,Sucrose
Two forms of D-glucopyranose are called
(A)enantiomers
(B)anomers
(C)epimers
(D)diastereomers

PASSAGE-11-

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) are polymers composed of
monomers called nucleotides. An RNA nucleotide consists of a five-carbon sugar phosphate
linked to one of four nucleic acid bases: guanine (G), cytosine (C), adenine (A) and uracil (U).

In a DNA nucleototide, the sugar is missing the hydroxyl group at the 2' position, and the
thymine base (T) is used instead of uracil. The conventional numbering system used for DNA
and RNA is for reference - the prime (') symbol is used to distinguish the sugar carbon numbers
from the base carbon numbers.

The two 'hooks' on the RNA or DNA monomer are the 5' phosphate and the 3' hydroxyl on the
sugar, which in DNA polymer synthesis are linked by a 'phosphate diester' group. By
convention, DNA and RNA sequences are written in 5' to 3' direction.

Q1. Which one is the complementary base of cytosine in one strand to that in other strand of
DNA?
(A) Adenine
(B) Guanine
(C)Thymine
(D) Uracil

Q2.Dinucleotide is obtained by joining two nucleotides together by phosphodiester linkage

between which carbon atoms of pentose sugars of nucleotides are these linkages present ?
(A) 5’ and 3’
(B) 1’ and 5’
(C) 5’ and 5’
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(D) 3’ and 3’

Q3. Nucleotides and Nucleosides mainly differ from each other in

(A) presence of phosphate units
(B) presence of base units
(C) presence of nucleic ads
(D) none

PASSAGE-12

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:

DNA is made of chemical building blocks called nucleotides. These building blocks are made of
three parts: a phosphate group, a sugar group and one of four types of nitrogen bases. To form a
strand of DNA, nucleotides are linked into chains, with the phosphate and sugar groups alternating.
The four types of nitrogen bases found in nucleotides are: adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G) and
cytosine (C). The order, or sequence, of these bases determines what biological instructions are
contained in a strand of DNA. For example, the sequence ATCGTT might instruct for blue eyes,
while ATCGCT might instruct for brown.

Q.NO. Questions Learning

Objectives
1. DNA has a ……..backbone. Knowledge
(a) phosphate-purine (b) pyrimidine-sugar
(c) phosphate-sugar (d) purine-pyrimidine
2. Purines present in DNA are Analysis
(a) adenine and thymine
(b) guanine and thymine
(c) cytosine and thymine
(d) adenine and guanine
3. A nucleoside consists of Understanding
(a) base and sugar
(b) base and phosphate
(c) sugar and phosphate
(d) base, sugar and phosphate
4. Which one is the complementary base of cytosine in one strand to that Applying
in other strand of DNA?

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 (a) adenine (b) thymine (c) guanine (d) uracil

ANSWER- PASSAGE-1 1. (c) 2. (d)

ANSWER -PASSAGE-2. 1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (c)

ANSWER-PASSAGE-3. 1-a 2-b 3--a

ANSWER- PASSAGE-4. 1—d 2—b 3. D

ANSWER- PASSAGE 5- 1---c 2---b 3----a 4------b

ANSWER-PASSAGE 6- 1.(B) 2.(C)

ANSWER-PASSAGE-7 1---a 2----c

ANSWER-PASSAGE-8 1.(B)Disaccharide 2. (D)Sucrose & Glucose

3. (A)One –CHO , Four Secondary –OH, One primary –OH

4. (C)Cyclic form of manosaccharides are hemiacetal or hemiketal

ANSWER-PASSAGE-9 1.(C)Mutarotation, 2.(B)Laevorotatory

3. (A)specific rotation in beaker X will decrease while in Y will increase upto a certain constant
value

ANSWER-PASSAGE-10 1. (B) 2.(B)

ANSWER-PASSAGE-11 1.(B) 2.(A) 3.(A)

ANSWER-PASSAGE-12 1.(c) 2.(d) 3.(a) 4.(c)

Question submitted by PGTs (Chemistry) of Bhubaneswar,

Guwahati, Kolkata, Ranchi, Silchar & Tinsukia regions.
VETTED BY- RANCHI REGION

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