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Experiment 6 - Determination of Acid Value

This document provides instructions for determining the acid value of oil samples through titration. Students will prepare 0.1N sodium hydroxide solution and neutralize ethanol before dissolving and titrating oil samples. The acid value is calculated based on the normality of NaOH and volume used in titration. This analysis measures free fatty acids in samples and is important for assessing oil quality, while factors like sample amount and purity can influence results.

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Teresa Yan
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1K views2 pages

Experiment 6 - Determination of Acid Value

This document provides instructions for determining the acid value of oil samples through titration. Students will prepare 0.1N sodium hydroxide solution and neutralize ethanol before dissolving and titrating oil samples. The acid value is calculated based on the normality of NaOH and volume used in titration. This analysis measures free fatty acids in samples and is important for assessing oil quality, while factors like sample amount and purity can influence results.

Uploaded by

Teresa Yan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

EXPERIMENT 6 :

DETERMINATION OF ACID VALUE

Objectives: At the end of this laboratory session, students will be able to:
1) Prepare the reagent
2) Set up apparatus according to procedure given in the manual
3) Determine and compare acid value of different samples of oils

Definition: Acid value is the number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide necessary to


neutralize the free acids in 1 gram of sample. The acid number is a measure of the
amount of carboxylic acid groups in a chemical compound such as a fatty acid.

Principles: Dissolution of fat of the fat in neutralized isopropanol and neutralization of


the free fatty acids with standard alkali.

Reagents:
Phenolphthalein Indicator Solution, 0.1N Sodium Hydroxide, 99% Ethanol

Apparatus:
Burette, conical flask, analytical balance, retort stand, dropper, hot plate

Procedure:
A. Chemical Preparation
0.1 N Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)

Dissolve 4g NaOH pellets into 900 ml of distilled water, cool and make a final volume
of 1000 ml. Standardize the solution before use.

B. Sample Preparation

Acid Values Expected weight sample to be took


<1 20g
1-4 10g
4-15 2.5g
15-75 0.5g
>75 0.1g

1. Weight 20g of oil sample in a conical flask (flask A) (refer the table).
2. Measure 50 ml Ethanol (99%) and pour into 150ml conical flask label (flask B).
3. Add 2-3 drops phenolphthalein indicator into flask B and shake vigorously.
4. Titrate the ethanol (flask B) with 0.1N NaOH until light pink color is formed. This
is to neutralize the Ethanol.
5. The neutralized Ethanol is added to the flask A containing oil sample. Shake the
flask to mix the solution.
6. Boil the mixture onto hot plate. Boil the mixture until the sample is dissolve
completely. Shake periodically.

C. Titration
1. Add a few drops of phenolphthalein indicator into the sample (complete dissolve).
2. Titrate the sample with 0.1N NaOH until light pink color formed.

D. Calculation

Acid Value = MWNaOH x N x V


Ws

Ws – Weight of sample
N – Normality of NaOH
V – Volume of NaOH (Reading of burrete during titration)
MWNaOH – Molecular weight of NaOH = 40.001

Discussions:
1. Which sample shows the highest and lowest value? Explain the answer.
2. What is the importance of this analysis?
3. What are the factors affect the results?
4. State a few precaution steps should be followed in this experiment.

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