ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC.

An Assessment on the Implementation of Parañaque City

Ordinance No. 18-40 on Banning of Single-Use Plastics: Basis

for an Action Plan

A research presented to the Senior High School Department of

Arandia College, Inc.

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the Senior High School

Requirements for the Research in Daily Life 2

By:

Abinuman, Maria Christel L. Meridor, Adrian

Bayhon, John Grey Pascua, Carmelo Anthony S.

Frigillana, Jan Vincent D. Peralta, Marrie Sophja V.

Fuentes, Ma. Luisa Y. Tolentino, Christian Q.

Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM)

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. ii

APPROVAL SHEET

This thesis proposal entitled “An Assessment on the Implementation of

Parañaque City Ordinance No. 18-40 on Banning of Single-Use Plastics:

Basis for an Action Plan” prepared and submitted by Abinuman, Maria Christel

L., Bayhon, John Grey, Frigillana, Jan Vincent D., Meridor, Adrian, Pascua,

Carmelo Anthony S, Peralta, Marrie Sophja V., Tolentino, Christian Q.,In

partial fulfillment of the requirements for STEM. Has been examined and is hereby

recommended for Oral Examination.

Approved by the committee on Oral Examination in partial fulfillment of the

requirements for Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics with a grade
of _____.

Ms. Misra S. Nasilun

Chairman
Prof. Edelyn S. De Leon-gersin Prof. Jezreel Joy Hidalgo
Panelist Member Panelist Member
Prof. Joanna Marie M. Amil
Panelist Member
Ms. Cyril Sevandal Mr. Jose lll S. Clasis
Panelist Member Panelist Member
Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
STEM – Academic Strand.
VIOLETA D. BATINO ELVIRA B. MAÑANITA
School Principal Assistant Principal
DR. YOLANDA DC. ARANDIA
President/CEO
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. iii

RECOMMENDATION FOR ORAL EXAMINATION

This thesis entitled “An Assessment on the Implementation of

Parañaque City Ordinance No. 18-40 on Banning of Single-Use Plastics:

Basis for an Action Plan” prepared and submitted by Abinuman, Maria Christel

L., Bayhon, John Grey, Frigillana, Jan Vincent D., Meridor, Adrian, Pascua,

Carmelo Anthony S, Peralta, Marrie Sophja V. and, Tolentino, Christian Q., in

partial, has been examined and is hereby recommended for the Oral Examination.

Ms. Rania Ibrahim

Adviser
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. iv

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
With deep gratefulness and sincere appreciation, the researcher extends

sincere gratitude to the people who made this study successful. Words are not

enough to express the researcher’s deepest admiration for the following:

To the CEO/President of Arandia College Inc., Dr. Yolanda DC Arandia for

the opportunity provided to the students.

To the Principal of Arandia College Inc., Ms. Violeta D. Batino, for her

undying love and support to the students at Arandia College.

The researchers express their gratitude to all those who made this research

possible Deepest gratitude to our Research in Daily Life 2 teacher, Ms. Misra S.

Nasilun, for the advice, assistance, and supervision rendered during the

preparation of the research paper.

To our panelists, Prof. Edelyn S. De Leon-gersin, Prof. Jezreel Joy

Hidalgo, Prof. Joanna Marie M. Amil, Ms. Cyrill Sevandal, and Mr. Jose lll S.

Clasis. Thankful for their recommendations and suggestions for us to finish this

thesis.

. A special thank you to Mr. Lancelot A. Gultiano and Jericho E. Baladjay

for always being available to the researcher’s questions

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. v

DEDICATION

The people who gave us the strength to press on and conquer the obstacles

in our way are the ones to whom this research paper is dedicated. Over the course

of our work, we are grateful to those who have consistently helped us out when

we've needed it. To our family members and friends.

A special thank you to our beloved parents, whose encouragement and

financial support. We want to thank you from the bottom of our hearts for making

this research a success.

To our teachers, who made it easy for us to finish this research and

supported us along the way.

The panelist, for parting us their knowledge, ideas, thoughts, and advice to

improve this study. Most importantly, we express our gratitude to God the Father

for illuminating us while we explored this theory.

M.C.L.A.
J.G.B.
J.V.D.F.
M.L.Y.F.
A.M.
C.A.S.P
M.S.V.P.
C.Q.T
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

TITLE PAGE ………………………………………………………………... i

APPROVAL SHEET …………………………………………………….…. ii

RECOMMENDATION FOR ORAL EXAMINATION………………….…. iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT……………………………………………………. iv

DEDICATION ………………………………………………………………. v

TABLE OF CONTENTS …………………………………………………… vi

ABSTRACT …………………………………………………………………. ix

LIST OF FIGURES …………………………………………………………. xi

LIST OF TABLES ……………………………………………………………. xii

CHAPTER 1: THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction…………………………………….………………… 1

Background of Study……………………………...................... 3

Theoretical Framework ……………………………................... 5

Conceptual Framework……………………………................... 7

Statement of the Problem ………………………..................... 8

Hypothesis …………………………………….………………… 9

Scope and Limitation of the Study…………………………….. 10

Significance of the Study………………………………….….. 11

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. vii

Definition of Terms………………………………..................... 11

CHAPTER 2: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 13

AND STUDIES

Parañaque City Ordinance 18-40…….…………………………....... 13

Single-Used Plastic Guidelines …………………………………….. 15

Prohibited Acts …………………………..…………………………... 17

Synthesis…………………………………………………………… 21
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 24

Research Method Used……….…………………………………… 24

Respondents of the Study ……….…………………………………… 25

Sampling Technique ………………………….…………………… 25

Instrumentation ……….……………………………………………… 26

Data Gathering Procedures…………………………………………… 27

Statistical Treatment of Data …………………………………………. 27

Analysis of Variance …………………………………………………. 29

Arbitrary Scale of Value ……………………………………………. 29

CHAPTER 4: PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION 31

AND ANALYSIS OF DATA

Distribution of Respondents in terms of their Profile ................... 32

Assessment of the Respondents in the Implementation of Paranaque

City Ordinance 18-40 of Banning Single-Used Plastic................... 37

Differences in the Respondent’s Assessment when ………………… 39

grouped according to their profile
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. viii

Assessment of the Respondents in terms of

Problems Encountered.................................................................... 43
PROPOSED OUTPUT…………………………………………………………. 45

CHAPTER 5: SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, 47

AND RECOMMENDATION

Summary ………………………………………………………………… 47

Findings…………………………………………………………………… 48

Conclusions ……………………………………….………………….... 52

Recommendations ……………………………………………………. 54

REFERENCES ………………………………………………………………… 56

APPENDICES ………………………………………………………………… 59

Appendix A …………………………………………………………… 60

Appendix B …………………………………………………………… 61

Appendix C …………………………………………………………… 62

CURRICULUM VITAE…………………………………………………………. 65
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. ix

ABSTRACT

Title: An Assessment on the Implementation of Parañaque

City Ordinance No. 18-40 on Banning of Single-Use
Plastics: Basis for an Action Plan
Researchers: Abinuman, Maria Christel L.
Bayhon, John Grey
Frigillana, Jan Vincent D.
Fuentes, Ma. Luisa Y.
Meridor, Adrian
Pascua, Carmelo Anthony S.

Peralta, Marrie Sophja V.

Tolentino, Christian Q.
School: Arandia College Inc.
Strand: Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics
(STEM)
________________________________________________________________

Keywords: Implementation, Ordinance, Assessment, Single-Use Plastic,

Action Plan, The Article II, Section 16, of the 1987, and Pro-environmental

Consumption Behavior.

This study revolves around the Assessment on the Implementation of

Parañaque City Ordinance No. 18-40.This study used the descriptive method, and

the respondents were selected through a convenient sampling technique.

The Theory of Pro-environmental Consumption Behavior supports this

study and the Article II, Section 16, of the 1987 Constitution. The questionnaire is
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. x

divided into three parts: The first part assessed the respondent’s profile, according

to their Age, Sex, Status, No of plastic bags used per day and Type of respondents.

The second part assessed the level of the implementation of the Paranaque City

Ordinance No. 18-40 in terms of, Single-Used Plastic Guidelines and Prohibited

Acts and determine whether it is “Highly Implemented” “Implemented” “Moderately

Implemented” and “Not Implemented” The third part is the problems encountered

regarding the implementation.

The study was composed of the answers of 100 respondents. This study

used statistical treatments such as Slovin’s Formula, Frequency Distribution, and,

Percentage, One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). This study used the

descriptive method, and the respondents were selected through a convenient

sampling technique.

The data was gathered using researcher-made questionnaires through the

survey method. The findings of this study Shows that majority of the respondents

are female and most of them are 18-23 years old. Furthermore, in the Assessment

on the Implementation of the Paranaque City Ordinance No. 18-40 on Banning of

Single - Use plastics in Paranaque City in relation on baning single-used plastic

guidelines and prohibited acts implementations, most of the respondents response

that they are Implemented and Lack of awareness and knowledge about the

ordinance is the major problem. To alleviate problems involved in the

implementation, an improvement/action plan was proposed by the researchers.

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. xi

List of Figures Page

Figure 1 Theory of Planned Behavior 4

Figure 2 Research Paradigm 6

Figure 3 ANOVA 29
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. xii

List of Tables Page

Table 1 Adjectival Rating…………………………………………………….. 30

Table 2 Distribution of the Respondents in terms of Age ……………….. 31

Table 3 Distribution of the Respondents in terms of Sex ……………….. 32

Table 4 Distribution of the Respondents in terms of Civil Status ……….. 33

Table 5 Distribution of the Respondents in terms of

Type of Respondents ……………............................................................. 33

Table 6 Distribution of the Respondents in terms of

No of Plastic Bags Used Per Day…………………………...................... 34

Table 7 Assessment of the respondents in the Implementation of the.

Paranaque City Ordinance Banning of Single-Use Plastic in terms of

Single-Used Plastic Guidelines ………..................................................... 35

Table 8 Assessment of the respondents in the Implementation of the

Paranaque City Ordinance Banning of Single-Use Plastic in terms of

Prohibited Acts……................................................................................... 37

Table 9 Differences in the Respondent’s Assessment when grouped

according to their Age...................................................................……..... 39

Table 10 Differences in the Respondent’s Assessment

when grouped according to their Sex................................................…… 40
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. xiii

Table 11 Differences in the Respondent’s Assessment

when grouped according to their Civil Status ……………………………… 40

Table 12 Differences in the Respondent’s Assessment

when grouped according to their Civil Status ………………………........… 41

Table 13 Differences in the Respondent’s Assessment

when grouped according to the Type of Respondents…………………..... 42

Table 14 Differences in the Respondent’s Assessment

when grouped according to No of Plastic Bags Used Per Day ………….. 42

Table 15 Assessment of the respondents in terms of

Problems Encountered .......................................................……………… 43
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC.
CHAPTER 1
PROBLEM AND IT’S BACKGROUND

Introduction

The Article II, Section 16, of the 1987 Constitution, the state shall protect

and advance the right of the people to a balanced and healthful ecology in accord

with the rhythm and harmony of nature. This stipulation in the Constitution is

geared towards protecting the environment for the reason of considering the

welfare of present and future generations. While the Constitution actively upholds

the duty to protect the environment, it does not recognize that the environment

needs a voice to protect itself against further damage brought on by human

activities.

In fact, the rights of nature legal concept was first introduced in 2008 in

Ecuador, where the country granted legal recognition to nature's right to evolve,

flourish, and exist. Several countries, including Bolivia, New Zealand, and other

municipalities in the United States, have followed. The main purpose of the rights

of nature legal concept is to give or have given nature legal rights to protect itself

against impending damage. This new concept would be helpful to promote not only

the need of humans for a healthy environment but also to stress the importance of

protecting the environment for the reason that its rights should be protected in

accordance with the maintenance of its life cycles and evolutionary processes. The
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC.
2

need for the environment to have a voice in the legal system in the Philippines

shall be upheld.

Furthermore, Ordinance No. 18-40 Series of 2019—"An Ordinance

Regulating the Use, Provision, and Sale of Styrofoam, Plastic Bags, and Plastic

for Prepared Food and Beverage Containers and Prescribing Penalties Thereof"—

bans the use of plastic in packing dry goods. "Plastic is a major problem for us

because Paranaque is a catch basin." "The water (from river tributaries and

flooding) coming from other cities passes through our city," says engineer Teresa

Quiogue, Paranaque City's supervising environmental management specialist. In

an effort to solve our plastic problem, the city government of Paranaque has

approved an ordinance to regulate the use of plastic. It joins Makati, Quezon City,

Pasig, Muntinlupa, Las Pinas, and Pasay in campaigning for a plastic-free Metro.

Hence, the ban prohibits the use of plastic bags, straws, spoons and

forks, and stirrers, as well as Styrofoam plates, cups, bowls, and serving trays.

Paranaque City will implement the ban on single-use plastics in June 2020,

according to the city’s Environment and Natural Resources Office (CENRO). The

ban will be implemented "in support of the Manila Bay rehabilitation." She added

that it will help prevent single-use plastics from entering Metro Manila’s waterways

and reduce 20 to 30 percent of plastic waste. Paranaque will be following the

example of its neighbor city, Muntinlupa, which banned single-use plastics in 2011.

According to the Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives, nearly 60 billion

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 3

pieces of plastic sachets are used in the Philippines every year. Plastic pollution is

a major problem in the Philippines, which is frequently listed among the world’s

worst offenders on marine plastic pollution along with China, Vietnam, and

Indonesia.

Background of the Study

Single-use plastics are widely used in the Philippines. This is due to the fact

that firms package their products in sachets in order to reach and accommodate

the poor section of the Filipino community. People from low-income households

do not have the money to buy things in bulk, such as shampoo, soap, instant

meals, and so on, so they decide to buy their daily requirements in little amounts

in sachets, which are less expensive. As a result plastic has become a prominent

component of the Philippines litter system.

Thereby, several negative environmental effects have occurred including,

animal choking, pollution, landscape distortion and flood which is a problem here

in barangay moonwalk specially in PHIMRA Village. Efforts to solve this problem

have been initiated in different parts of the world. These include the promotion of

the 3Rs (reduce, reuse and recycle), Innovative plastic control or reduction

strategies, as well as a total ban on plastic use, are being considered. Likewise,

cities in the Philippines have begun to develop programs to regulate their citizens'

plastic usage. It is evident that urgent action is required to address plastic pollution
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 4

given the ongoing increase in the volume of single-use plastics disposed of in the

open as well as expected future increases. The tide against single-use plastic

pollution can be turned by scaling up innovative methods in plastic waste

management, such as reusability, recoverability, and recyclability.

This research entitled as “An Assessment on the Implementation of

Parañaque City Ordinance No. 18-40 on Banning of Single-Use Plastics: Basis for

an Action Plan” aimed to assess the level of implementation of the Parañaque City

Ordinance on Banning of Single-Use Plastics. It specifically aimed to determine

the profile of the respondents in terms of the age, sex, civil status and the number

of plastic bags they used per day. The level of effectiveness of the implementation

of the Parañaque City Ordinance No. 18-40 on Banning of Single-Use Plastics,

and verify if there is significant difference on the effectiveness of the

implementation of the said ordinance when grouped according to respondents

profile. To alleviate problems involved in the implementation, an action plan was

proposed by the researchers.

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 5

Theoretical Framework

Figure. 1 Pro-environmental Consumption Behavior

by Hung Vu Nguyen (2022)

The Theory Pro-environmental Consumption Behavior (PECB) is a

behavior that deliberately seeks to minimize the negative impact of an individual's

actions on environment. Pro-environmental consumption behavior is a behavior

that harms the environment as little as possible but provides enormous benefits to

the environment . Based on Kaiser (2007), pro-environmental behavior has six

indicators; energy conservation, mobility and transportation, waste avoidance,

recycling, consumerism, and vicarious behaviors toward conservation. These six

indicators can be used to measure the pro environmental behavior of each

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 6

individual. These six indicators can be used to explain pro environmental behavior

through a widely used theory, the theory of planned behavior (TPB).

Moreover, increasing use of single-use plastics has caused tremendous

consequences for the ecosystem worldwide because it may take up to between

450 and 1000 years for plastic waste to decompose Center for Biological Diversity

(2020). To address this issue, there has been repeated call for measures to

motivate pro-environmental consumption behaviors (PECB) that can reduce

single-use plastic consumption.

Parañaque City Ordinance No 18-40 Banning of Single-Used Plastic

The Parañaque City Ordinance No 18-40 is regulating the use, provision

and sale of Styrofoam, plastic bags for prepared food and beverages containers

including plastic straws and stirrers in city of Parañaque and prescribing penalties

thereof, and the (IRR) or Implementing Rules and Regulations is approved and it

is known by Resolution No. 19 – 160 Also, Executive Order No 2021-008 also

known as “The Plastic Regulatory Taskforce” supports the City Ordinance No.

18 – 40
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 7

Conceptual Framework

Input Process Output

1. What is the profile of the

respondents in terms of: Researcher’s Made
Þ Age;
Þ Sex; Questionnaire
Þ Civil Status;
Þ Number of Plastic
Bags used a day;
and
Þ Type of Survey
Paranaque City
Residents?
2. The level of the An Action Plan
implementation of the
Paranaque City Statistical Treatment
Ordinance No. 18-40 on
Banning of Single - Use
plastics in terms of:
Þ Single-Use
Plastics Analysis and
Guidelines
Þ Prohibited Acts?
3. Is there a significant Interpretation of
difference on the
assessment of the Data
implementation when
grouped according to
their profile?
4. What are the problems
encountered on the
implementation of the
Paranaque City
Ordinance No. 18-40 on
Banning of Single – Use
plastics?
5. Based on the results,
what ouput may be
proposed?

Figure 2. Research Paradigm

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 8

The figure shows the respondents in terms of student profile or status. The

first variable indicates their profile, including age, sex, civil status and the number

of plastics bags used per day. The second is the level of the implementation of the

Paranaque City Ordinance No. 18-40 on Banning of Single - Use plastics. The third

is the significant difference on the assessment of the implementation of the said

ordinance when grouped according to respondents’ profile. The fourth is the

problems encountered on the implementation of the Paranaque City Ordinance

No. 18-40 on Banning of Single – Use plastics. Lastly is the recommendation may

recommend based on the study findings. The data collection process will be

carried out through the researcher's questionnaire, survey, intelligent course

selection, and interpretation of data. The output is an orientation of the

implementation of Paranaque City ordinance.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to assess the production and disposal of plastic waste in

Barangay. Moonwalk, Parañaque City. Specifically, this seeks answers to the

following questions:

1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:

Þ Age;

Þ Sex;
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 9

Þ Civil Status;

Þ Number of Plastic Bags used a day; and

Þ Type of Paranaque City Residents?

2. The level of the implementation of the Paranaque City Ordinance No. 18-40 on

Banning of Single - Use plastics in terms of:

Þ Single-Use Plastics Guidelines

Þ Prohibited Acts?

3. Is there a significant difference on the assessment of the implementation when

grouped according to their profile?

4. What are the problems encountered on the implementation of the Paranaque

City Ordinance No. 18-40 on Banning of Single – Use plastics?

5. Based on the results, what recommendation may be proposed?

Hypothesis

The hypothesis will be examine by the study project in order decide whether

to accept or reject it.

There is no significant difference in the assessment between the

Assessment on the Implementation of Parañaque City Ordinance No. 18-40 on

Banning of Single-Use Plastics of the respondents, when grouped according to

their profiles.
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 10

Scope and Limitation

This research will be conducted at Paranaque City. The target respondents

are the people of Paranaque.

The researcher will ask some people on Paranaque using questionnaires

as survey and reference. The respondents will be adults.

This research will only focus in assessment on the implementation of

Paranaque city ordinance no. 18-40 on banning of single-use plastics: basis for an

action plan. This research will only discuss about the assessment and value of

banning single-use plastics.

Significance of the study

This study could provide information regarding the Assessment of the

people in Paranaque City in the implementation of ordinance 18-40 banning of

single-use plastics.

The City Government of Parañaque. In particular, the people will be

equipped with how the ordinance no. 18 - 40 is implemented and as to how it works

to improve community cleanliness. Hence, people may aspire to ban single-use

plastic for them to improve the ambiance in their community . On the other hand,
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 11

the study would benefit those people who followed by improving the cleanliness in

their community.

The Department of Environment and Natural Resources. The result of

this study will offer the environment neat and clean community on the effect of the

implementation of the Parañaque City Ordinance 18-40. Thus, it will lead them to

ban single-use plastic as an effective technique in finding a solution in the plastic

pollution in the community and this may also be utilized as an approach to people

who doesn't know this ordinance.

The Barangay Officials. This study will help them implement measures to

protect the environment and implement the government efforts in conserving it.

The Future Researchers. The findings of this study would provide relevant

information about the implementation of the banning of single-use plastics.

Definition of Terms

Action Plan. a detailed plan outlining actions needed to reach one or more

goals.

Implementation. An instance of something being implemented, or the act

of putting something into practice or making it work.

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 12

Ordinance. It refers to a rule established by the government.

Parañaque City Ordinance 18-40. An Ordinance regulating the use,

provision and sale of Styrofoam, plastic bags and plastic for prepared food and

beverage containers.

Plastics. It refers to a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic materials

that use polymers as a main ingredient. In this research it refers to the thing that

isn’t disposed properly.

Prohibited Acts. to directly or indirectly offer, promise or give any person

working for or engaged by a contracting body

Recycling. It deals with the process of collecting and processing materials

that would otherwise be thrown away as trash and turning them into new products.

In this research it refers to the output that we will proposed in Baranggay

Moonwalk.

Rehabilitation. The process of returning all damage or deterioration to its

original state.

Single-Use Plastics – are plastic used once, or for a short period of time,

before being thrown away. In this research it refers to the one being implement or

being banned in Paranaque City.

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 13

CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
` In this chapter, the researcher looked into the many sources of information

used as references to produce this thesis, such as papers, books, and the internet.

Parañaque City Ordinance 18-40

According to Zurbano, J. S. (2020) The City of Parañaque is phasing out

single-use plastics alongside other local government agencies in Metro Manila.

The city will implement a regulation prohibiting the use of single-use plastics in all

business locations within the city starting next month. Styrofoam, plastic bags, and

plastic for prepared food and beverage containers were subject to the provisions

of Ordinance No. 18-40, which was meant to go into effect in June but was

postponed owing to an epidemic of the coronavirus disease. Mayor Edwin Olivarez

stated, "This implies that starting early next year, the city will no longer let retailers

and restaurants to use plastic bags, disposable straws, and cutlery. Styrofoam may

hurt both people and animals in addition to harming the environment. For drinks

and food, polystyrene Styrofoam containers are typically utilized. It is a material

with insulating qualities made from petroleum. Styrofoam production pollutes the

environment and generates a lot of solid and liquid waste. According to a report by

the US Environmental Protection Agency, it was the seventh biggest producer of

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 14

hazardous waste in 1986. According to the city councilors, the city council already

forbade the use of plastic bags for dry products and Styrofoam for food items as

early as 2011.

However, after suffering devastating flash floods in the city during rainy

seasons brought on by discarded plastic bags and other non-biodegradable

containers filling the canals, streams, rivers, and other waterways, municipal

councilors changed the legislation. Along with polystyrene plates, cups, bowls, and

serving trays, the ordinance bans the use of plastic spoons, forks, and stirrers.

Supermarkets and market vendors would be required to use biodegradable plastic,

while manufacturers in the city will be the only ones permitted to use such plastics

for packaging. "Paranaque will be a plastic-free city by January," declared

Olivarez, citing a recently enacted local rule that stipulates that violators will be

fined P5,000 for each infringement and face closure and a one-year suspension of

their business license after three violations. Other cities in the National Capital

Region that have already banned plastic include Makati, Quezon City, Taguig,

Pasig, Muntinlupa, Las Pinas, and Pasay. According to a survey, the Philippines

is one of the world's top manufacturers of plastic garbage.

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 15

Single-Use Plastic Guidelines

According to Ocean Conservancy and McKinsey et al (2015),The

Philippines is the third-ranking donor involves the production of at least 2.7 million

metric tons of plastic garbage annually contributing to plastic pollution throughout

the world). It is believed that 20% of this plastic garbage leaks into marine habitats).

In open dumps close to fragile waterways, over 74% of plastic waste that leaks

into the ocean was previously collected but escaped. The growth of the sachet

economy, in which many consumer items are imported, packaged, and sold in

single-use containers that are difficult or impossible to recycle, has also made the

problem of plastic pollution in the Philippines worse. Therefore, PPA (2022) stated

that they reiterates its ban on all single-use plastics at all ports under its jurisdiction

as it moves forward to sustainable port operations. PPA Officer in Charge-General

Manager Francisquiel O. Mancile stressed that all port managers across its 25 Port

Management Offices must strictly impose the directive embedded under PPA

Memorandum Circular No. 11-2021. The ban includes plastic cups thinner than 0.2

millimeters, plastic drinking straws, plastic spoons, plastic forks, plastic knives,

plastic coffee stirrers, and plastic labo and thinned-filmed sando bags

thinner/lighter than 15 microns.

Moreover, the Paranaque City Ordinance 18-40 Banning of Single-Use

Plastics has a guidelines of only using some accepted reusable plastic bags like,

made of cloth or other machine washable fabric, reusable plastic bags that have a
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 16

minimum use of 125, paper bags with all sizes with or without handles. Various

reports claim that Lebreton and Andrady's 2019 study projects scenarios of

improperly managed plastic trash based on country-level statistics on population

and garbage management in order to better comprehend the development and

disposal of plastic waste globally. and dissemination. This international study

makes clear the scope of the issues with plastic pollution that each nation,

including the Philippines, is currently and in the future facing. According to the

report, the Philippines generated approximately 5 billion kilograms (5 million metric

tons) of improperly disposed plastic waste in only one year. By 2040, the amount

of improperly handled plastic garbage in the Philippines is projected to nearly

quadruple to 9 billion kilograms (9 million metric tons), and it will likely surpass 11

billion kilograms (11 million metric tons) by 2060 if no extra measures are taken.

The Philippine ecosystem has been severely impacted by plastic pollution.

According to Greenpeace et al (2017), Southeast Asia is the area in the

world that is least prepared for the effects of climate change, Although solid waste

management strategies began to be designed and implemented in 2001,

assessments of major cities in the Philippines have indicated no or minimal waste

segregation nor recycling activities in several markets. Ocean and marine

industries play a crucial role in the Philippine economy. Close to $3 billion USD, or

over 2% of the Philippines' total GDP, was generated by coastal and marine

tourism in 2016, and close to 200,000 people were engaged in the sector. Roughly

900,000 people (SEA Circular 2020). Similar to agriculture, 260,000 people were
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 17

employed in the fisheries and aquaculture sector, which contributed 1.5% of the

country's GDP and over $2.3 billion in revenue. The ports and shipping sectors

also employed 700,000 people and contributed $1.4 billion USD, or little under 1%

of the GDP. The Philippines' government has an incentive to solve the problem of

plastic waste because tourism and fisheries depend on a clean environment.

Prohibited Acts

According to Azmi et al., (2017) A number of businesses began

differentiating themselves by implementing green practices and developing

standout green products in order to sustain continued client satisfaction. Even

while these activities support the long-term viability of social life, some of these

businesses saw them as a burden and a liability Even though services are

fundamentally ethereal, they may require a variety of tangible goods that have an

impact on the environment. In the forestry, food, and energy sectors of the apparel

business, they discovered a bi-directional relationship between these two variables

when they looked at the role of causation. Participating in the green practice’s

movement can benefit businesses financially, improve environmental

performance, and enhance their brand image.

In support of Republic Act No. 9003, a law that establishes an ecological

solid waste management program, establishes the necessary institutional

mechanisms and incentives, declares certain behaviors illegal and imposes

penalties, and appropriates funds in order to do all of the above, the municipality
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 18

of Odiongan, Romblon ordered all businesses to stop using single-use plastics in

2020. Section 2 enables greater private sector involvement in solid waste

management. All existing operating businesses suffered as they looked for new

ways to package their products. One of the municipality's primary priorities became

the ban on the usage of plastics.

Ritchie & Roser (2018) Stated one of the problems facing the commercial

sector, which includes the restaurants in the community, is the use of paper rather

than plastic unless it is recyclable. The use of plastic spoons, forks, and even

straws need to be restricted, and single-use plastics must be outlawed. For takeout

orders, there is an additional fee for microwaveable or paper containers. One of

Odiongan's environmentally friendly actions related to banning the use of plastic is

the purchase of spoons and forks made of corn starch. The private sector has a

challenge because they will need to locate a substitute supplier in order to carry

on with business as usual and make money. The purpose of this study was to

determine the local government's green policies as they applied to restaurant

operations and the views of selected owners and managers regarding the local

government's required green policies and how they affected their companies.

Additionally, it was determined which impromptu eateries in Odiongan, Romblon,

used particular green initiatives and methods. People consume more as a result

of their continued reliance on plastics, which exacerbates the global environmental

issue. Only two million tons were generated yearly in 1950.

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 19

Alegado (2022) Stated that by 2015, the volume produced annually had

roughly doubled to 381 million tons. Bangladesh was the first country to prohibit

the use of thinner plastic bags in 2002, and Morocco followed suit in 2016. In the

Philippines, styrofoam or polystyrene food containers (64%), sachets (60%),

plastic labo bags (65%), plastic straws and stirrers (66%), and tetra packs (60%)

are all prohibited items Nine provinces, 11 cities, and 101 municipalities have

passed resolutions in support of the National Solidarity Fund. The long-awaited list

of products and packaging that are not ecologically friendly will be released by the

National Solid Waste Management Commission (NSWMC), and it includes single-

use plastics

Palicte (2020). Romblon Province was omitted from the list. Davao Oriental

Province has signed a petition seeking for a statewide ban on single-use plastics,

joining 30 other coastal provinces and local governing bodies In response to the

significant amount of plastic trash that ended up in the water, Davao enacted a

resolution. Furthermore, seven municipalities in Metro Manila have enacted city

ordinances banning single-use plastics. The Muntinlupa City Ordinance No. 10-

109 forbids the use of Styrofoam and places restrictions on the use of plastic bags

for both wet and dry goods. Commercial enterprises are not allowed to use plastic

bags, styrofoam/stylophone as packaging material, or containers for food and dry

items.
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 20

In July 2011, Pasig City Ordinance No. 9 Series of 2010 goes into effect.

Plastics cannot be used in wet goods, in addition to being prohibited in dry goods.

This regulation also forbids the use of polystyrene and associated materials in

foods, vegetables, and other products. Styrofoam food containers and straws are

supplied.

The distribution of thin-film, single-use carryout plastic bags and

polystyrene foam (Styrofoam/stylophone) is prohibited by municipal ordinance.

Pasay City does not allow the use of plastic bags, according City Ordinance No.

4647. The usage of reusable bags and recyclable paper carry-out bags is

encouraged by this law. A Plastic Regulation Order in Makati requires businesses

to offer free or paid paper bags, cloth bags, basket/woven bags, or equivalents to

clients. Business owners must also report plastic, Styrofoam, and other non-

biodegradable products to the Plastic Monitoring Task Force in accordance with

the law. Due to the passage of Ordinance SP-2876 in February 2020, single-use

plastics were outlawed in Quezon City.

This ordinance forbids the distribution and use of single-use plastics inside

the city limits. Plastic spoons, forks, knives, glasses, plates, stirrers, straws, and

styrofoam are not permitted for use by dine-in customers. Hotel guests are not

permitted to use single-use containers for personal hygiene goods such as bar and

liquid soap, shampoo, or conditioner. Single-use plastic in all dry goods was
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 21

forbidden by City Ordinance No.18-40, which was passed in Paranaque City in

2020. Plastic bags, straws, spoons, forks, glasses, and stirrers are prohibited.

Synthesis

Based on through analysis of the review of related literature and the studies,

the study show that the city will implement a regulation prohibiting the use of single-

use plastics in all business locations within the city starting next month. Styrofoam,

plastic bags, and plastic for prepared food and beverage containers were subject

to the provisions of Ordinance No. 18-40, which was meant to go into effect in June

but was postponed owing to an epidemic of the coronavirus disease.

Therefore, after suffering devastating flash floods in the city during rainy

seasons brought on by discarded plastic bags and other non-biodegradable

containers filling the canals, streams, rivers, and other waterways, municipal

councilors changed the legislation. Along with polystyrene plates, cups, bowls, and

serving trays, the ordinance bans the use of plastic spoons, forks, and stirrers.

Supermarkets and market vendors would be required to use biodegradable plastic,

while manufacturers in the city will be the only ones permitted to use such plastics

for packaging

Moreover, a number of businesses began differentiating themselves by

implementing green practices and developing standout green products in order to

sustain continued client satisfaction. Even while these activities support the long-
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 22

term viability of social life, some of these businesses saw them as a burden and a

liability Even though services are fundamentally ethereal, they may require a

variety of tangible goods that have an impact on the environment

In Additional, one of the problems facing the commercial sector, which

includes the restaurants in the community, is the use of paper rather than plastic

unless it is recyclable. The use of plastic spoons, forks, and even straws need to

be restricted, and single-use plastics must be outlawed. For takeout orders, there

is an additional fee for microwaveable or paper containers. One of the ordinance

environmentally friendly actions related to banning the use of plastic is the

purchase of spoons and forks made of corn starch. This ordinance forbids the

distribution and use of single-use plastics inside the city limits. Plastic spoons,

forks, knives, glasses, plates, stirrers, straws, and styrofoam are not permitted for

use by dine-in customers. Hotel guests are not permitted to use single- use

containers for personal hygiene goods such as bar and liquid soap, shampoo, or

conditioner. Single-use plastic in all dry goods was forbidden by City Ordinance

No.18- 40, which was passed in Paranaque City in 2020. Plastic bags, straws,

spoons, forks, glasses, and stirrers are prohibited.

Moreover, Southeast Asia is the area in the world that is least prepared for

the effects of climate change, Although solid waste management strategies began

to be designed and implemented in 2001, assessments of major cities in the

Philippines have indicated no or minimal waste segregation nor recycling activities

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 23

in several markets. Ocean and marine industries play a crucial role in the Philippine

economy. Close to $3 billion USD, or over 2% of the Philippines' total GDP, was

generated by coastal and marine tourism in 2016, and close to 200,000 people

were engaged in the sector. The Philippines is the third-ranking donor involves the

production of at least 2.7 million metric tons of plastic garbage annually

contributing to plastic pollution throughout the world). It is believed that 20% of this

plastic garbage leaks into marine habitats). In open dumps close to fragile

waterways, over 74% of plastic waste that leaks into the ocean was previously

collected but escaped.

Furthermore, the Paranaque City Ordinance 18-40 Banning of Single-Use

Plastics has a guidelines of only using some accepted reusable plastic bags like,

made of cloth or other machine washable fabric, reusable plastic bags that have a

minimum use of 125, paper bags with all sizes with or without handles.
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 24

CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter states that the methods and procedures used in this research

for gathering the data, and also the statistical treatment used. This chapter

includes the research methods used, respondents of the study, sampling

technique, research instrument, data gathering procedure, statistical treatment of

The data, and the arbitrary scale of value.

Research Method

The research method used by the researchers is descriptive research

method. The researchers assessed and attempt to know the effectiveness of the

Implementation of Parañaque City Ordinance No. 18-40 on Banning of Single-Use

Plastics.

According to Atmowardoyo (2018). Descriptive research, a type of study

approach, strives to give the most accurate account of things that already exist.

Descriptive research differs from experiment research, which also observes

phenomena after a certain amount of treatment, by using the phrase "existing

phenomena."

The phenomena identified through descriptive research are well-known.

Using research instruments like exams, questionnaires, interviews, and even

observation, a researcher must collect the data that is currently accessible.

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 25

Descriptive research's main goal is to fully characterize the phenomena under

investigation.

The survey research method will be used to aquire information and data in

in the study of “ An Assessment of the Implementation of Parañaque City

Ordinance No. 18-40 on Banning of Single-Use Plastics: Basis for an Action Plan”

Nardi further explained (2018). The aim of doing survey research is to educate

individuals how to conduct quantitative research for an undergraduate project, a

graduate-level thesis, or a survey that a future employer could need. With the aid

of this brief, practical manual, beginners may do their own survey research, write

up the results, and read and assess other people's research. Data interpretation

and analysis are combined with survey design.

Respondents of The Study

The respondents of our study are the residences of Paranaque. The total

number of people who lives in and around 100 of those people will be the

respondents of this research study.

Sampling Technique

Convenience sampling was used in this study a type of non-probability

sampling that involves the sample being drawn from that part of the population that

is close to hand. This type of sampling is most useful for pilot testing.
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 26

Instrumentation

The questionnaires were the method utilized to get the data. This was

employed because it acquired data more quickly than any other technique.

Respondents were also adults from Paranaque City . They had no trouble reading

and answering the questions.

The part 1 of the instrument required the profile variables such as age, sex,

civil status, the plastic bags they used per day, category of respondents, if they are

an entrepreneurs, homeowners or public servants.

The part 2 of the instrument was a likert format with a four-point response

scale. A likert scale is a rating scale that requires the subject to express of how

much they degree of agreement or disagreement to a statement. Four response

options were provided to the respondents in this sort of questions. These choices

were used to measure how participant think if it’s implemented or not implemented

which each question item. The questionnaire utilized the following designated

qualifications: 4. Highly Implemented, 3. Implemented, 2. Moderately

Implemented, 1. Not Implemented. This was done to see if the Paranaque City

Ordinance 18-40 Banning of Single-Use Plastic is implemented in Paranaque City.

The part 3 of the instruments are the problems encountered regarding the

implementation of the banning of single use plastic.

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 27

Data Gathering Procedure

After the instrument has been validated, the researchers will request

permission from the principal of Arandia College to conduct the study regarding

the assessment of the implementation of the Paranaque city ordinance 18-40 of

banning single-used plastics

Following the school principal's acknowledgement, the researchers will

organize the survey date with the selected participants. The questionnaire will be

produced, distributed, and collected. The information obtained will be collated,

counted, and statistically analyzed.

Statistical Treatment of Data

As soon as the researchers gathered all the data, they are compiled,

organized, and sorted. The following statistical treatment were used to gather the

data:

Frequency Distribution (f). This tool was used to facilitate the tallying and

counting of frequencies falling under each category. Moreover, this tool was also

used to measure the responses in the profile of the junior high school students of

Arandia College
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 28

Percentage (%). This tool was used to find out the part of the whole

respondents’ profile based on the frequency/tally gathered. The following formula

is used:

Percentage = ˗˗˗˗˗˗˗˗˗˗˗˗˗˗˗˗˗˗˗˗˗˗˗˗˗˗ x 100

Where:

f = Frequency

N = Total Population

100 = constant
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 29

Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)

The one – way analysis of variable was used to determine whether there

are any significant differences between the means of two or more independent

(unrelated) groups. It is a technique to compare the means of two or more

samples to determine whether any of those means are significantly different from

each other.

Arbitrary Scale of Value

This study was asses to engage and educate local communities on the

implementation of Paranaque City Ordinance 18-40 of banning single-use plastic.

The four point liikert scale was used to judge the view of the respondents when it

comes to their awareness on plastic waste disposal. The following interpretation

that was used in the presentation below:

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 30

Table 1
Adjectival Rating
The following interpretation that was used is presented below:

OPTION SCALE RATING VERBAL DESCRIPTIONS

INTERPRETATION
The respondents in
response highly
implemented in An
Assessment on the
4 3.26 – 4.00 HIGHLY IMPLEMENTED Implementation
Paranaque City
Ordinance No. 18-40
Banning Single-Use
Plastics

The respondents in
response implemented in
An Assessment on the
Implementation
3 2.51 – 3.25 IMPLEMENTED Paranaque City
Ordinance No. 18-40
Banning Single-Use
Plastics

The respondents in
response moderately
implemented in An
Assessment on the
MODERATELY
2 1.76 – 2.50 Implementation
IMPLEMENTED Paranaque City
Ordinance No. 18-40
Banning Single-Use
Plastics

The respondents in
response not
implemented in An
Assessment on the
1 1.00 – 1.75 NOT IMPLEMENTED Implementation
Paranaque City
Ordinance No. 18-40 on
Banning Single-Use
Plastics

Table 2 shows the Adjectival rating. The first option 4, has a verbal interpretation

of highly implemented in an assessment on the implementation Paranaque City

Ordinance No. 18-40 Banning Single-Use Plastics

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 31

CHAPTER 4

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

` This chapter presents, interprets, and analyses the results of the statistical

treatment of the data gathered about the Assessment of the Implementation of

Parañaque City Ordinance No. 18-40; Basis for an Action Plan The results of the

survey in the targeted locale of this research were the core of the researchers’

analysis and interpretations. The data gathered in the process were tabulated,

summarized, and statistically tested. Tables were prepared to describe information

used as bases for discussion.

Table 2
Distribution of Respondents in Terms of Age

Age Frequency Percentage

18-23 54 54.0

23-28 22 22.0

29-34 8 8.0

35-40 4 4.0

41 above 9 9.0

Total 100 100.0

In 2nd table, it shows that, 54.0% of the respondents are in the age of 18-

23 years old with a frequency of 54 and 23-28 years old with a frequency of 22
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 32

with a 22.0%, and the respondents that are in 41 above years old have 9.0% with

a frequency of 9, also 8.0% of the respondents are 29-34 years old with a

frequency of 8 and lastly there are 4.0% of the respondents are in the age of 35-

40 years old with a frequency of 4. As you can see majority of the respondents are

from ages 18-23 years old

Table 3
Distribution of the Respondents in Terms of Sex

Sex Frequency Percentage

Male 44 44.0

Female 56 56.0

Total 100 100.0

In the 3rd table, it indicates the distribution of respondents in terms of sex.

It shows that 56.0% of the respondents are females with a frequency of 56, while

males have a percentage of 44.0% with a frequency of 44, to sum up most of the

respondents are female.

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 33

Table 4
Distribution of Respondents in Terms of Civil Status

Type of Respondents Frequency Percentage

Single 86 86.0

Married 12 12.0

Separated 1 1.0

Widowed 1 1.0

Total 100 100.0

In 4th table, it shows the distribution of respondents in terms of civil status.

It shows that 86.0% of the respondents are Single with a frequency of 86 it is

followed by Married with a percentage of 12.0% with a frequency of 12, lastly 1.0%

is both Separated and Widowed with a frequency of 1, Therefore majority of

respondents are Single.

Table 5
Distribution of Respondents in Terms of Type of Respondents

Type of Respondents Frequency Percentage

Homeowners 72 72.0

Entrepreneurs 24 24.0

Public Servants 4 4.0

Total 100 100.0

th
In 5 table, it shows the distribution of respondents in terms of type of

respondents. It shows that 72.0% of the respondents are Homeowners with a

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 34

frequency of 72 it is followed by Entrepreneurs with a percentage of 24.0% with a

frequency of 24, lastly 4.0% is from Public Servants with a frequency of 4,

Therefore majority of respondents are homeowners.

Table 6

Distribution of Respondents in Terms of Plastic Bags Used a Day

Plastic Bags Frequency Percentage

5 plastics below 58 58.0

6-10 plastics 29 29.0

11-15 plastics 7 7.0

16-20 plastics 0 0

20 plastics and above 6 6.0

Total 100 100.0

th
In the 6 Table it shows the distribution of respondents in terms of plastic

bags thrown a day, as you can see 58.0% of respondents answered 5 plastics

below with a frequency of 58, it is followed by 6-10 plastics with a 29.0% with a

frequency of 29, and 7.0% of the are from 11-15 plastics with a frequency of 7,

also 6.0% answered 20 plastics and above with a frequency of 6, and lastly 16-20

plastics got 0% with a frequency of 0. Therefore, majority of the respondents are

throwing 5 plastics below a day.

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 35

Table 7

Assessment of Respondents in Terms of Single-Use Plastic Guidelines

Indicators Weighted Verbal

Mean Interpretation
1. Made of cloth or other machine 2.96 Implemented
washable fabric.
2. Reusable Paper Bags with a minimum 3.07 Implemented
lifetime of 125 uses.
3. Paper bags with all sizes with or without 2.97 Implemented
handles.
4. Including glossy gift bags with handles. 2.98 Implemented
5. Plastics bags for take-away packaging. 2.99 Implemented
6. Plastic sando bags and "labo" as 3.27 Highly
secondary packaging. Implemented
7. Plastic straws, plastic stirrers, plastic 3.27 Highly
spoons, plastic cups. Implemented
8. Styro cups, styro plates, styro bowls 3.07 Implemented
and all kinds of styro food containers

9. Primary Packaging 2.92 Implemented

10. Bags for raw, frozen, prepared foods 3.13 Implemented
11. Bread Bags (primary packaging) 2.50 Moderately
Implemented
12. Garbage bags 3.05 Implemented

13. Plastic drink lids/ covers 2.92 Implemented

Overall Weighted Mean 3.01 Implemented

Legend: 3.26 - 4.00 -Highly Implemented 2.51 – 3.25 –Implemented

1.75 – 2.50 – Moderately Implemented 1.00 – 1.75 – Not Implemented
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 36

In the 7th table it indicates the distribution of respondents in terms of single-

use plastic guidelines, the 6th and 7th indicator “Plastic sando bags and "labo" as

secondary packaging” “Plastic straws, plastic stirrers, plastic spoons, plastic cups”

both got the highest weighted mean of 3.27 and interpreted as “Highly

Implemented” and the 10th indicator got the second highest weighted mean of 3.13

and interpreted as “Implemented” and the 2nd and 8th indicator “Reusable Paper

Bags with a minimum lifetime of 125 uses” “Styro cups, styro plates, styro bowls

and all kinds of styro food containers” also got the same weighted mean of 3.07

and interpreted as “Implemented”, and the 12th indicator got a weighted mean of

3.05 and interpreted as “Implemented”, the 5th indicator “Plastics bags for take-

away packaging” got a weighted mean of 2.99 and interpreted as “Implemented”,

it is followed by the 4th indicator “Including glossy gift bags with handles” got a

weighted mean of 2.98 and it is interpreted as “Implemented”, the 3rd indicator

“Paper bags with all sizes with or without handles” got a weighted man of 2.97 and

interpreted as “Implemented” and the 1st indicator “Made of cloth or other machine

washable fabric” got a weighted mean of 2.96 and also interpreted as

“Implemented”, and the 13th and 9th indicator “Plastic drink lids/ covers” “Primary

Packaging” got the same weighted mean of 2.92 and interpreted as “Implemented”

and lastly the 11th indicator “Bread Bags (primary packaging)” got the lowest

weighted mean of 2.50 and interpreted as “Moderately Implemented”. The

Assessment of Respondents in terms of Single-Use Plastic Guidelines has an

overall weighted mean of 3.01 and has a verbal interpretation of “Implemented.”

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 37

Table 8
Assessment of the Respondents in Terms of Prohibited Acts
Indicators Weighted Verbal
Mean Interpretation
1. Selling and providing Styrofoam and using 2.72 Implemented
single-use plastic packaging materials to
customers food packaging
2. Selling and providing Styrofoam including 2.83 Implemented
plastic bags to customers as packaging
materials on dry goods
3. No food establishment, food stall, caterer 3.35 Highly
and/or special event promoter in the City of Implemented
Parañaque may sell, rent or otherwise
provide a Styrofoam/plastic ware product.
This specifically includes, but is not limited
to cups, plates, serving trays, bowls, straws,
stirrers and other products intended
primarily for food service use.
4. No food providers within the City of 2.48 Moderately
Parañaque shall provide prepared food in Implemented
any disposable food service ware made of
Styrofoam and single use plastic materials.
5. Promoters and paticipants of special events 2.85 Implemented
in the City of Parañaque are prohibited from
providing prepared food and beverages in
any disposable food service ware of
Styrofoam and single-used plastic
materials.
6. The prohibition of disposable food service 2.83 Implemented
ware made of Styrofoam and single-use
plastic materials shall also apply to all City
Government of Parañaque.
7. It shall also be a policy of the City that 2.72 Implemented
business establishments located outside
the City limits, but that may sell their
products within the City of Parañaque, shall
not package any food product in any
package that contains or utilizes Styrofoam
OVERALL WEIGHTED MEAN 2.83 Implemented
Legend: 3.26 - 4.00 - Highly Implemented 2.51 – 3.25 – Implemented

1.75 – 2.50 – Moderately Implemented 1.00 – 1.75 – Not Implemented

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 38

Shown in Table 8 above is the assessment of respondents in terms of

prohibited acts. It is indicated that the 3rd indicator “No food establishment, food

stall, caterer and/or special event promoter in the City of Parañaque may sell, rent

or otherwise provide a Styrofoam/plastic ware product. This specifically includes,

but is not limited to cups, plates, serving trays, bowls, straws, stirrers and other

products intended primarily for food service use” got the highest weighted mean of

3.35 and is interpreted as “Highly Implemented”. Meanwhile, the 5th indicator

“Promoters and participants of special events in the City of Parañaque are

prohibited from providing prepared food and beverages in any disposable food

service ware of Styrofoam and single-used plastic materials” got the 2nd highest

mean of 2.85 and is interpreted as “Implemented”. Furthermore, the 2nd indicator

“Selling and providing Styrofoam including plastic bags to customers as packaging

materials on dry goods” and the 6th indicator “The prohibition of disposable food

service ware made of Styrofoam and single-use plastic materials shall also apply

to all City Government of Parañaque” both got the weighted mean of 2.83 and is

interpreted as “Implemented”. And also, the 1st Indicator “Selling and providing

Styrofoam and using single-use plastic packaging materials to customers food

packaging” and the 7th Indicator “It shall also be a policy of the City that business

establishments located outside the City limits, but that may sell their products

within the City of Parañaque, shall not package any food product in any package

that contains or utilizes Styrofoam” both got the weighted mean of 2.72 and is

interpreted as “implemented”. And lastly, the 4th Indicator “No food providers within
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 39

the City of Parañaque shall provide prepared food in any disposable food service

ware made of Styrofoam and single use plastic materials” got the lowest weighted

mean of 2.48 and is interpreted as “Moderately Implemented”. The Assessment of

the Respondents in terms of Prohibited Acts got the overall weighted mean of 2.83

and is interpreted as “Implemented.”

Table 9
Differences in the Respondents’ assessment when grouped according to their
Age
Components F
SIG. DECISION VERBAL
VALUE INTERPRETATION
Single-Used Plastic 2.594 0.0413 Reject Significant
Guidelines
Prohibited Acts 0.279 0.891 Accept Not Significant
Legend:

Comp. Sig < 0.05 – Reject the Ho – Significant

Comp. Sig > 0.05 – Accept the Ho – Not Significant

The difference of the respondents assessment when grouped according to

their age is presented on Table 9. It demonstrates that neither the assessment nor

the respondents' ages differ much.

The ANOVA test gives (F-value =2.594, sig. value = 0.0413) on the single-

used plastic guideline, (F-value =0.279, sig. value =0.891 on the prohibited acts,

with that, it is concluded that the null hypothesis is accepted when grouped

according to their age.

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 40

Table 10
Differences in the Respondents’ assessment when grouped according to their Sex
Components F
SIG. DECISION VERBAL
VALUE INTERPRETATION
Single-Used Plastic 4.618 0.034 Reject Significant
Guidelines
Prohibited Acts 8.456 0.004 Reject Significant
Legend:

Comp. Sig < 0.05 – Reject the Ho – Significant

Comp. Sig > 0.05 – Accept the Ho – Not Significant

The presented table above describes the overall adequacy of the

respondents when grouped according to their sex. It shows that there is significant

difference in the assessment and in the sex of the respondents.

The ANOVA test gives (F-value =4.618, sig. value = 0.034) on the single-

used plastic (F-value =8.456, sig. value =0.004) on the prohibited acts, In

conclusion two components are rejected.

Table 11
Differences in the Respondents’ assessment when grouped according to the Civil
Status
Components F SIG. DECISION VERBAL
VALUE INTERPRETATION
Single-Used Plastic 1.519 0.214 Accept Not Significant
Guidelines
Prohibited Acts 93.482 2.235 Accept Not Significant
Legend:

Comp. Sig < 0.05 – Reject the Ho – Significant

Comp. Sig > 0.05 – Accept the Ho – Not Significant

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 41

The presented table above describes the overall adequacy of the

respondents when grouped according to their civil status. It shows that there is

significant difference in the assessment and in the civil status of the respondents.

The ANOVA test gives (F-value =1.519, sig. value= 0.214) on the single-

used plastic (F-value =93.482, sig. value =2.235) on the prohibited acts, In

conclusion the components are accepted.

Table 12
Differences in the Respondents’ assessment when grouped according to the Type
of respondents
Components F
SIG. DECISION VERBAL
VALUE INTERPRETATION
Single-Used Plastic 19.796 4.117 Accept Not Significant
Guidelines
Prohibited Acts 3.569 0.017 Reject Significant
Legend:

Comp. Sig < 0.05 – Reject the Ho – Significant

Comp. Sig > 0.05 – Accept the Ho – Not Significant

The presented table above describes the overall adequacy of the

respondents when grouped according to the type of respondents It shows that

there is significant difference in the assessment and in the type of the respondents.

The ANOVA test gives (F-value =19.796, sig. value=4.117) on the single-

used plastic (F-value =3.569, sig. value =0.017) on the prohibited acts, In

conclusion one components is rejected, and the other one is accepted.

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 42

Table 13

Differences in the Respondents’ assessment when grouped according to the No

of plastic used per day

Components F SIG. DECISION VERBAL

VALUE INTERPRETATION
Single-Used Plastic 2.256 0.110 Accept Not Significant
Guidelines
Prohibited Acts 2.775 0.067 Accept Not Significant
Legend:

Comp. Sig < 0.05 – Reject the Ho – Significant

Comp. Sig > 0.05 – Accept the Ho – Not Significant

The presented table above describes the overall adequacy of the

respondents when grouped according to the No of plastic bags used per day . It

shows that there is significant difference in the assessment and in the No of plastic

bag used per day of the respondents.

The ANOVA test gives (F-value =2.256, sig. value=0.110) on the single-

used plastic (F-value =2.775, sig. value =0.067) on the prohibited acts, In

conclusion one components is rejected, and the other one is accepted.

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 43

Table 14

Assessment of Respondents in Terms of Problems Encountered

Indicators Frequency Ranking

1. No cooperation among residents and/or 23 2

barangay officials, business, and
educational establishments.
2. Lack of personnel to continuously monitor 17 3
all entities within the scope of the
ordinance
3. No strict consequences or penalties for 1 7
violators.
4. Sometimes Irregular schedule of collection 2 6
of plastic and Styrofoam waste products
5. Non-compliance with the environmental 10 4
practices (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle/5s).
6. Lack of awareness and knowledge about 43 1
the ordinance
7. Lack of financial assistance of barangay 7 5
and/or local government
Shown in Table 9, the assessment of respondents in terms of problems

encountered, as you can see the 6th indicator “Lack of awareness and knowledge

about the ordinance” got the highest frequency of 43 and got the ranking of

“First/1st “, and the 1st indicator “No cooperation among residents and/or barangay

officials, business, and educational establishments” got a frequency of 23 and got

the ranking of “Second/2nd “, the 2nd indicator “Lack of personnel to continuously

monitor all entities within the scope of the ordinance” got a frequency of 17 and got

the ranking of “Third/3rd “, the 5th indicator “Non-compliance with the environmental

practices (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle/5s)” got a frequency of 10 and got the ranking

of “Fourth/4th “ and the 7th indicator “Lack of financial assistance of barangay and/or

local government” got a frequency of 7 and got the ranking of “Fifth/5th “ the 4th
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 44

indicator “Sometimes Irregular schedule of collection of plastic and Styrofoam

waste products” got a frequency of 2 and got the ranking of “Sixth/6th“ and lastly

the 3rd indicator “No strict consequences or penalties for violators” and got the

lowest frequency of 1 and got the lowest ranking of “Seventh/7th”

ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 45

OUTPUT
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 46

An environmental friendly pamphlet in where we tackle some

infos about the ordinance and some things how to improve the
implementation of single use plastic in the Paranaque City. This
pamphlet is made out of recycled paper
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 47

CHAPTER 5
SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND

RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter summarizes all of the study's conclusions while emphasizing

the research on the topic. It also includes the recommendations of the researchers'

interference from the data collected and based on the findings sought on the

problem statement stated in Chapter 1.

Summary

This section summarized the findings of the statement of the problem

presented in Chapter 1. This study assessed the “Assessment of the

Implementation of Parañaque City Ordinance No. 18-40 on Banning of Single-Use

Plastics: Basis for an Action Plan” Precisely, this research responded to all the

following problems, 1.What is the profile of the respondents in terms of: Age, Sex,

Civil Status, Number of Plastic Bags used a day, and, Type of Paranaque City

Residents? 2. The level of the implementation of the Paranaque City Ordinance

No. 18-40 on Banning of Single - Use plastics in terms of: Single-Use Plastics

Guidelines, Prohibited Acts? 3. Is there a significant difference on the assessment

of the implementation when grouped according to their profile? 4. What are the

problems encountered on the implementation of the Paranaque City Ordinance

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 48

No. 18-40 on Banning of Single – Use plastics? 5. Based on the results, what

recommendation may be proposed?

Findings

This research aims to determine the Assessment of the Implementation of

Parañaque City Ordinance No. 18-40 on Banning of Single-Use Plastic

1. What is the respondent’s profile according to the following:

1.1 Age

This study discloses that 58% of the respondents belong to the age group 18-

23 years old, 20% are 23-28 years old, 8% are 29-34 years old, 4% are 34-40

while the remaining 10% of the respondents are 41 and above.

1.2 Sex

In terms of sex, majority of the respondents are female with 55% respondents,

on the other hand, the male respondents are 45%.

1.3 Civil Status

In terms of civil status, majority of the respondents are single with 86%

respondents, second is married with 12%, and both separated and widowed got

only 1% respondents

1.4 No of Plastic Used Per Day

The Distribution of Respondents in terms of the number of plastic bags

thrown per day, as shown in the table with the highest frequency is 5 below it has
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 49

a frequency of 58 and 58%, 6 to 10 plastics with 29%, 11 to 15 with 7% and lastly

20 plastic above with 6%.

2. The level of the implementation of the Paranaque City Ordinance No. 18-

40 on Banning of Single - Use plastics in terms of:

2.1 Single-Use Plastic Guidelines

The Assessment of Respondents in Terms of Single-Use Plastic

Guidelines. The 6th and 7th indicator “Plastic sando bags and "labo" as secondary

packaging” “Plastic straws, plastic stirrers, plastic spoons, plastic cups” both got

the highest weighted mean of 3.27 and interpreted as “Highly Implemented” and

the 10th indicator ”Bags for raw, frozen, prepared foods” got the second highest

weighted mean of 3.13 and interpreted as “Implemented” and the 2nd and 8th

indicator “Reusable Paper Bags with a minimum lifetime of 125 uses” “Styro cups,

styro plates, styro bowls and all kinds of styro food containers” also got the same

weighted mean of 3.07 and interpreted as “Implemented”, and the 12th indicator

“Garbage bags” got a weighted mean of 3.05 and interpreted as “Implemented”,

the 5th indicator “Plastics bags for take-away packaging” got a weighted mean of

2.99 and interpreted as “Implemented”, it is followed by the 4th indicator “Including

glossy gift bags with handles” got a weighted mean of 2.98 and it is interpreted as

“Implemented”, the 3rd indicator “Paper bags with all sizes with or without handles”

got a weighted man of 2.97 and interpreted as “Implemented” and the 1st indicator

“Made of cloth or other machine washable fabric” got a weighted mean of 2.96 and
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 50

also interpreted as “Implemented”, and the 13th and 9th indicator “Plastic drink lids/

covers” “Primary Packaging” got the same weighted mean of 2.92 and interpreted

as “Implemented” and lastly the 11th indicator “Bread Bags (primary packaging)”

got the lowest weighted mean of 2.50 and interpreted as “Moderately

Implemented”.

2.2 Prohibited Acts

The Assessment of Respondents in Terms of Prohibited Acts. It is indicated

that the 3rd indicator “No food establishment, food stall, caterer and/or special

event promoter in the City of Parañaque may sell, rent or otherwise provide a

Styrofoam/plastic ware product. This specifically includes, but is not limited to

cups, plates, serving trays, bowls, straws, stirrers and other products intended

primarily for food service use” got the highest weighted mean of 3.35 and is

interpreted as “Highly Implemented”. Meanwhile, the 5th indicator “Promoters and

participants of special events in the City of Parañaque are prohibited from

providing prepared food and beverages in any disposable food service ware of

Styrofoam and single-used plastic materials” got the 2nd highest mean of 2.85 and

is interpreted as “Implemented”. Furthermore, the 2nd indicator “Selling and

providing Styrofoam including plastic bags to customers as packaging materials

on dry goods” and the 6th indicator “The prohibition of disposable food service ware

made of Styrofoam and single-use plastic materials shall also apply to all City
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 51

Government of Parañaque” both got the weighted mean of 2.83 and is interpreted

as “Implemented”. And also, the 1st Indicator “Selling and providing Styrofoam and

using single-use plastic packaging materials to customers food packaging” and the

7th Indicator “It shall also be a policy of the City that business establishments

located outside the City limits, but that may sell their products within the City of

Parañaque, shall not package any food product in any package that contains or

utilizes Styrofoam” both got the weighted mean of 2.72 and is interpreted as

“implemented”. And lastly, the 4th Indicator “No food providers within the City of

Parañaque shall provide prepared food in any disposable food service ware made

of Styrofoam and single use plastic materials” got the lowest weighted mean of

2.48 and is interpreted as “Moderately Implemented”.

3. Is there a significant difference on the assessment of the

implementation when grouped according to their profile?

Based on the results of the study, it implies that there is no significant

difference in the assessment of implementation of Paranaque Ctty ordinance 18-

40 banning of single-used plastic. when grouped according to their profile resulting

in the decision of accepted null hypothesis.

4. Problems Encountered

the assessment of respondents in terms of problems encountered, as you

can see the 6th indicator “Lack of awareness and knowledge about the campaign”

got the highest frequency of 43 and got the ranking of “First/1st “, and the 1st
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 52

indicator “No cooperation among residents and/or barangay officials, business,

and educational establishments” got a frequency of 23 and got the ranking of

“Second/2nd “, the 2nd indicator “Lack of personnel to continuously monitor all

entities within the scope of the ordinance” got a frequency of 17 and got the ranking

of “Third/3rd “, the 5th indicator “Non-compliance with the environmental practices

(Reduce, Reuse, Recycle/5s)” got a frequency of 10 and got the ranking of

“Fourth/4th “ and the 7th indicator “Lack of financial assistance of barangay and/or

local government” got a frequency of 7 and got the ranking of “Fifth/5th “ the 4th

indicator “Sometimes Irregular schedule of collection of plastic and Styrofoam

waste products” got a frequency of 2 and got the ranking of “Sixth/6th“ and lastly

the 3rd indicator “No strict consequences or penalties for violators” and got the

lowest frequency of 1 and got the lowest ranking of “Seventh/7th”.

Conclusion

The following conclusions were drawn based on the findings of this study

1. The researchers came to conclusion that majority of the respondents are 18-23

years old.

2. Almost all of the respondents are Female.

3. A frequency of 86 or 86.0 percent of respondents indicate that the majority of

them are Single.

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 53

4. Almost all of the respondents are Homeowners

5. The majority of the respondents used fewer than 5 plastic bags per day.

6. The overall perception of respondents in Paranaque City regarding to the

implementation of single-use plastic guidelines. The component Single-Use Plastic

Guidelines resulted as” Implemented”.

7. The overall perception of respondents in Paranaque City regarding to the

implementation of Prohibited Acts. The component Prohibited Acts resulted as

“Implemented”.

8. In conclusion, while there is significant differences in the rules regarding Single-

use Plastic Guidelines base on a person’s Age, there are none in the rules

regarding Prohibited Acts.

9. To sum up, there is significant difference in the respondents' assessment when

grouped according to their Sex.

10. In essence, there is no applicable difference in the respondents' assessment

when grouped according to their Civil Status.

11. In terms of the Type of the respondents in Single-use Plastic Guidelines, there

is no significant difference, but there is significant difference in terms of Prohibited

Acts.
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 54

12. In terms of single-use plastic guidelines, there is no a significant difference

according to the number of plastics used daily, but there is significant difference in

terms of prohibited acts.

13. . In terms of problem encounters, the majority of respondents in Paranaque

City The "Lack of awareness and knowledge about the campaign" received the

highest frequency of 43 and was ranked "First/1st ".

Recommendations

The researcher have provided the following recommendation in consideration

of the study's findings in oreder to help people in paranaque city understand the

implementation of paranaque city ordinance on banning single-used plastic.

1. The City Government of Paranaque are encouraged to implement an

incentive program for a clean and green environment competition to inspire

barangay participants to succeed in environmental cleanliness.

2. The Department of Environment and Natural Resources should conduct a

public awareness campaign using various media to communicate information about

proper solid waste management.

3. The Barangay Officials should be more forceful and active in enforcing

the key provisions of the city ordinance.

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 55

4. The Future Researchers are urged to carry out further research on the

other implementation and ordinance regarding the banning of single-used plastics.

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 56

References

Alegado, J. (2020). Philippines: Banning Single-Use Plastics at the

National Level and Strengthening Existing Laws Needed to Curb Plastic Pollution

Crisis. Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung Southeast Asia.

https://th.boell.org/en/2020/01/20/philippines-banning-single-use-plastics-

national-level-and-strengthening-existing-laws

Atmowardoyo, Haryanto. (2018). Research Methods in TEFL Studies:

Descriptive Research, Case Study, Error Analysis, and R & D. Journal of

Language Teaching and Research. 9. 197. 10.17507/jltr.0901.25.

Azmi, F.R., Musa, H., Abdullah, A.R., Othman, N.A. and Fam, S. (2017).

Analyzing the awareness of green technology in Malaysia practices.

Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Research, pp.252-254.Chen

Tan, B., Chai Lau, T., Fie Yong, G., Khan, N., and Lan Nguyen, T.P. (2019). A

Qualitative Study of Green Practices Adoption for Restaurants in Malaysia.

Emerald Publishing Limited. ISSN1747-111.

ESCUDERO. (2021). AN ACT DECLARING THE TAAL VOLCANO

ISLAND NATIONAL PARK, PROVINCE OF BATANGAS, ISLAND OF LUZON,

AND ITS WATERSHED AREAS, A PROTECTED AREA UNDER THE

CATEGORY OF PROTECTED LANDSCAPE AND PROVIDING FOR ITS

MANAGEMENT AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES AS MANDATED FOR BY THE

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 57

NIPAS ACT OF 1992. SEVENTEENTH CONGRESS OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE

PHILIPPINES.

Mckinsey. (2015). Ocean Conservancy releases report on plastic waste in

the world’s oceans. Recycling Today. Retrieved February 8, 2023, from

https://www.recyclingtoday.com/news/ocean-plastics-report/

Nguyen, H.V., Le, M.T.T., Pham, C.H. and Cox, S.S. (2022), "Happiness

and pro-environmental consumption behaviors", Journal of Economics and

Development, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. https://doi.org/10.1108/JED-

07-2021-0116

Oceana. (2021). 121 LGUs urge nationwide ban on single-use plastics

supporting calls for strong implementation of Ecological Solid Waste

Management Act. https://ph.oceana.org/press-releases/121-lgus-urge-

nationwide-ban-on-single-use-plastics-supporting-calls-for-strong-

implementation-of-ecological-solid-waste-management-act/

Palicte, C. (2020). Davor joins other LGUs banning single-use plastics.

Philippine News Agency. https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1122221

Policarpio, M.C. (2017). Ban the Bag: How to Encourage Your Local Government

to Ban Single-Use Plastic Bags. Plastic Bags.

https://ecowarriorprincess.net/2017/03/ban-bag-encourage-your-local-

government-ban-plastic-bags/
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Philippine Ports Authority (2022). PPA reiterates ban on single-use plastics

in all controlled ports, facilities, offices | Philippine Ports Authority Official Website.

PPA Reiterates Ban on Single-use Plastics in All Controlled Ports, Facilities,

Offices | Philippine Ports Authority Official Website. Retrieved February 8, 2023

Ritchie, H. and Roser, M. (2018). Plastic Pollution. OurWorldInData.org.

https://ourworldindata.org/plastic-pollution.

https://ojs.rsu.edu.ph/index.php/rsurj/article/view/75/63.
ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 59

Appendices
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 60

THESIS ADVISER ACCEPTANCE FORM

Date: November 14, 2022

Academic Year: 2022-2023

Semester: First

This is to attest that, I Ms. Rania Ibrahim, have agreed and accepted to be the

Thesis Adviser of Grade 12 – Resilience (Group 4), under the program of Research in

Daily Life 2 (RDL2) titled, “An Assessment on the Implementation of Parañaque City

Ordinance No. 18-40 on Banning of Single-Use Plastics: Basis for an Action Plan.”

Furthermore, I agreed to set the schedule for advising and consultation to

help my advisee and ensure the success of the research paper.

Conformed,

Ms. Rania Ibrahim

Adviser
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 61

REQUEST LETTER TO SCHOOL PRINCIPAL

Date: November 14, 2022

Name: Maria Christel L. Abinuman

Grade and Section: Grade 12 – Resilience

Principal’s Name: Ms. Violeta D. Batino

School Address: Lot 1 Block 1 F. Valarao St, Brgy. Moonwalk Paranaque City

Dear Ms. Violeta D. Batino:

I Maria Christel Abinuman of Grade 12 –Resilience, leader of group 4, under the subject of

Research in Daily Life 2 (RDL2). The title of the research study is “An Assessment on the

Implementation of Parañaque City Ordinance No. 18-40 on Banning of Single-Use Plastics:

Basis for an Action Plan.”.I humbly ask for your approval to have your authorization for us to

distribute our questionnaire to the people of Paranaque City. Rest assured that whatever data

and information we can gathered shall be managed with utmost confidentiality.

Abinuman, Maria Christel L. Meridor, Adrian

Bayhon, John Grey Pascua, Carmelo Anthony S.

Frigillana, Jan Vincent D. Peralta, Marrie Sophja V.

Fuentes, Ma. Luisa Y. Tolentino, Christian Q.

Conformed:

Dear Ms. Violeta D. Batino

School Principal
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 761

Dear Respondents:

The researcher is undertaking a thesis entitled “An Assessment on the

Implementation of Parañaque City Ordinance No. 18-40 on Banning of

Single-Use Plastics: Basis for an Action Plan Your opinion on the study

variables should provide valuable information to the researchers. Rest assured

your answers shall be dealt with utmost confidentiality and anonymity.

Part l. Directions: Kindly put a check mark on your answer.

Name: (Optional) ______________________

Age:
18-23 23-28 29-34 35-40 41 and above
Sex:
Male Female

Civil Status:

Single Married Separated Widowed

How many plastics bag you used a day:

5 plastics below 6-10 plastics 11-15 plastics

16-20 plastics 20 plastics above

Category of Respondents:

Entrepreneurs Homeowners / Renters Public Servant

 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 8 62

Part ll.

Please assess the An Assessment on the Implementation of Parañaque City

Ordinance No. 18-40 on Banning of Single-Use Plastics: Basis for an Action

Plan by putting a check next to the numeral that corresponds to each

criterion with the following equivalent:

(4) – Highly Implemented (2) - Moderately Implemented

(3) – Implemented (1) - Not Implemented

A. Single-Use Plastic Guidelines 4 3 2 1

(HI) (I) (MI) (NI)
ACCEPTED REUSABLE BAGS

1. Made of cloth or other machine washable fabric.

2. Reusable Paper Bags with a minimum lifetime of

125 uses.

3. Paper bags with all sizes with or without handles.

4. Including glossy gift bags with handles.

NOT ACCCEPTED SINGLE-USE PLASTICS, NON- 4 3 2 1

(HI) (I) (MI) (NI)
RECYCLABLE, NONCOMPOSTABLE

1. Plastics bags for take-away packaging.

2. Plastic sando bags and "labo" as secondary

packaging.
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 9 63

3. Plastic straws, plastic stirrers, plastic spoons,

plastic cups.

4. Styro cups, styro plates, styro bowls and all kinds of

styro food containers

OPERATIONS REQUIRED TO STOP SELLING OF 4 3 2 1

STYROFOAM AND PLASTIC BAGS IS
(HI) (I) (MI) (NI)
EXCEPTIONS: SPECIALTY ITEMS
The following items are not restricted or are
exempt from restrictions:
1. Primary packaging

2. Bags for raw, frozen, prepared foods.

3. Bread bags (primary packaging)

4. Garbage bags

5. Plastic drinks lids/cover

B. Prohibited Acts 4 3 2 1
(HI) (I) (MI) (NI)
1. Selling and providing Styrofoam and using
single-use plastic packaging materials to
customers food packaging
2. Selling and providing Styrofoam including
plastic bags to customers as packaging
materials on dry goods
3. No food establishment, food stall, caterer
and/or special event promoter in the City of
Parañaque may sell, rent or otherwise provide
a Styrofoam/plastic ware product. This
specifically includes, but is not limited to cups,
plates, serving trays, bowls, straws, stirrers and
other products intended primarily for food
service use.
 ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 1064

4. No food providers within the City of Parañaque

shall provide prepared food in any disposable
food service ware made of Styrofoam and single
use plastic materials.
5. Promoters and paticipants of special events in
the City of Parañaque are prohibited from
providing prepared food and beverages in any
disposable food service ware of Styrofoam and
single-used plastic materials.
6. The prohibition of disposable food service ware
made of Styrofoam and single-use plastic
materials shall also apply to all City Government
of Parañaque.
7. It shall also be a policy of the City that business
establishments located outside the City limits, but
that may sell their products within the City of
Parañaque, shall not package any food product
in any package that contains or utilizes
Styrofoam

Part III. Direction write your answer below the questions.

What are the problems encountered on the implementation of the Paranaque City

Ordinance No. 18-40 on Banning of Single – Use plastics?

ARANDIA COLLEGE, INC. 11