FACULTY OF PLANTATION AND AGROTECHNOLOGY
DPLOMA IN PLANTING INDUSTRY MANAGEMENT (DPIM)
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA SARAWAK
INC271
INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT
TITLE : INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
DATE OF SUBMIT : 17 OCKTOBER 2018
SUBMIT TO MIS LISBETH SINAN LENDIK
NAME NO STUDENT ID GROUP
TRACYANAK ENGKABANG 2016611626 AT1105C
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1.Compare and contrast definitions of communication, human communication, and
interpersonal communication.
Communication is the process of acting on information. Someone does or say something,
and other think or do something in response to the action or the words as they understand
them.
Human communication is the process of making sense out of the word and sharing that
sense with other by creating meaning through the use of verbal and nonverbal messages. We
learn about the world by listening, observing, tasting, and smelling, then we share our
conclusions with other. Human communication encompasses many media. For example,
speeches, e-mail, song, radio and television broadcasts, online discussion group, letters,
books, articles, poems and advertisements.
Interpersonal communication is a distinctive, transactional form of human communication
involving mutual influence, usually for the purpose of managing relationship. The three
essential elements of this definition differentiate the unique nature of interpersonal
communication from other forms of human communication.
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2. Explain why it is useful to study interpersonal communication.
Interpersonal communication is to our life.Their are several types of useful to study
interpersonal communication.
Firstly, interpersonal communication can improve relationship with family. You can
develop more options for responding when family communication challenges come your
way. Family communication author Virginia Satir Call family communication “ the largest
single factor determining the kinds of relationship with other ”. Being able to have
conversations with family members and loved ones is the fundamental way of establishing
close, personal relationship with them.
Second, improve relationship with friends and love. For unmarried people, developing
friendships and are the top-rated sources of satisfaction and happiness in life. Conversely,
losing a relationship is among life’s most stressful events. Most people between the ages of
19 and 24 report that they have had from five to six romantic relationship and have been “in
love” one or twice. Studying interpersonal communication may not unravel all the mysteries
of romantic love and friendship but it can offer insight into behaviors.
Third, interpersonal communication can also improve relationship with colleagues. Several
surveys document the importance of quality interpersonal relationship in contributing to
success at work. The abilities to listen to other, manage conflict, and develop quality
interpersonal relationship with others are usually at the top of the list of the skills employers
seek in today’s job applicants.
Lastly, improve physical and emotional health. Positive interpersonal relationship with
other have direct benefits for your overall health and happiness. Research has shown that the
lack or loss of a close relationship can lead to ill health and even death. Physicians have long
observed that patients who are widowed or divorced experience more medical problems such
as heart disease, cancer, pneumonia, and diabetes than do married people.
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3. Compare and contrast communication as action, interaction, and transaction.
There elements of the communication process are typically arranged in one of three
communication models, showing communication as action, as interaction, or as transaction.
Let’s review each models in more detail to see how expert thinking about human
communication has evolved.
Firstly, the communication as action. The communication as action is a transferring of
meaning. “ Did you get my message?” this sentence reflects the communication as action
approach to human communication. Communication take place when a massage is sent and
received period.
Second, communication as interaction. The perspective of communication as interaction
adds two elements to the action model feedback and context. Interaction models of
communication include feedback as a response to a message sent by the communication
source and context as the environment for communication. Although it emphasizes feedback
and context, the interaction model does not quite capture the complexity of simultaneous
human communication. The interaction model of communication still views communication
as a linear, step-by-step process.
Lastly, communication as transaction .Today, the most sophisticated and realistic model
views communication as transaction, in which each element influences all of the other
elements in the process at the same time.This acknowledges that when you talk to another
person face to face, you are constantly reacting to your partner’s responses. In this
components of the communication process simultaneous.
One researcher says that interpersonal communication is “the coordinated management
ment of meaning” through episodes, sequence of international between individuals during
which the message of one person influences the message of another.Thecnically, only the
sender and receiver of those message can determine where one episode ends and another
begins.
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4. Describe the key components of the communication process.
The most basic components of communication include these include these elements, such
as source, message, channel, receiver, noise, feedback, and contexts. Understanding each
elements can help you analyse your own communication with others as you relate to them in
interpersonal situation as well as other communication contexts. Let’s explore these elements
in greater detail.
Firstly, Source. The source of a massage is the originator of the ideas feelings expressed.
The source puts a massage into a code, a process called encoding. The opposite of encoding
is the process of decoding; this occurs when the receiver interprets words or nonverbal cues.
Second, massage. Massages are the written, spoken, and unspoken elements
communication to which people assign meaning. You can send a massage intentionally or
unintentionally.
Third, channel. The channel is the means by which the massage is expressed to the receiver.
If you’re typical, you receive massage through a variety of channeis that include mediated
channels such as text messaging, e-mail, phone, video conference, Facebook, or Twitter.
Fourth ,is receiver. The receiver of the massage is the person or persons who interpret the
massage and ultimately determine whether your massage was understood and appropriate. As
we emphasize in this book, effective, communication are other-oriented; they understand that
the listener ultimately makes sense of that capture our attention.
One more, is noise. Noise is anything that interferes with the massage being interpreted as it
was intended. Noise happens if there were no noise, all of our messages would be interpreted
accurately. But noise is always present. It can be literal, such as beeps coming from an iPad
or iPhone that signal incoming e-mail or it can be summarized using a physical principle.
Second last,feedback. Feedback is response to the message. Think of a Ping-Pong game.
Like Ping-Pong ball, message bounce back and forth. When we talk, someone listen and
responds, we listen and respond to this response. This perspective can summarized using a
physical principle. For every action, there is reaction.
Lastly, context. Context is the physical and psychological environment for communication.
All communication takes place in some context. As the cliché goes, “Everyone has to be
somewhere” A conversation on the beach with your good friends would likely differ from a
conversation the two of you might have in a future home. Context encompasses not only the
physical environment but also the people present and their relationship with the
communication, the communication goal, and the cultural of which the communication are
apart.
The conclusion, interpersonal communication is a complex process of creating meaning in
the context of an interpersonal relationship. To better understand interpersonal
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communication as a distinct from of communication, it is useful to examine the basic
communication process
5. Discuss electronically mediated communication’s role in developing and maintaining
interpersonal relationship.
Electronically mediated communication differs from face-to-face communication with
regard to six key focus such as time, varying degrees anonymity, nonverbal cues, potential
for deception, role of the written word, and distance. There are several types of theories and
models of electronically mediated communication’s role in developing and maintaining
interpersonal relationship.
Firstly, critical thinking question. Think about your primary goal for this course. Is it to
develop communication strategies to help you achieve goals. It is to develop sensitivity to the
needs of other. There is greater potential for deception electronically mediated
communication than with face-to-face communication.
Lastly, assessing your skills. Electronically mediated communication can assessing your
skill by provide an assessing of your overall interpersonal knowledge, motivation, and skill.
Electronically mediated communication also make a list of the communication skills that
could help you enchance your ability to be other oriented. Rank order the skills in terms of
important and value to you.
The conclusion, you can learn ways to enchance your communication competence.
Competent communication are knowledgeable, skill, and motivation, and they draw on their
knowledge, skill, and motivation to become other-oriented communication.
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6. Discuss five principles of interpersonal communication.
Interpersonal communication connects us to other, is irreversible, is complicated, is
governed by rules, and involves both content and relationship dimension. Without a clear
understanding of interpersonal communication principles, people may rely on untrue
characterization of communication, which can increase communication problems. So in
addition to presenting interpersonal communication principles, we also correct some of the
misunderstanding people have about interpersonal communication and suggest why these
myths persist.
Firstly, interpersonal communication connects us to other. Unless you a living in a cave or
have become cloistered monk, you interact with other every day. Fundamental to an
understanding of interpersonal communication is the assumption that the quality of
interpersonal relationships stems from the quality of communication with other. As we noted
earlier, people cannot communicate. Because people often do not intend to express or
feelings, this perspective is debated among communication scholars. However, there is no
question that interpersonal communication is inescapable and that communication connects
us to other.
Second, interpersonal communication is irreversible. It is myth to assume that messages can
be taken back like erasing information from a page or hitting the delete key on your
computer. “How many times I have to tall you not to surf the internet while you’re on job?”
“can’t you read?” Each of these exasperated communicators seems to believe that
information is the same thing as communication. But information is not communication.
Third, interpersonal communication is complicated. No form of communication is simple.
If any were, we would know how to reduce the number of misunderstandings and conflicts in
our world. One of the purposes of communication, according to communication theorists, is
to reduce our uncertainly about what is happening at any given moment. Because of the
variables involved interpersonal exchanges, even simple request are extremely complex.
Additional, communication theorists have noted that whenever you are communicate with
another person, at least six “people” are actually involved.
Fourth, interpersonal communication is governed by rules. Interpersonal communication by
rules are developed by the people involved in the interaction and by the culture in which the
individuals are communicating. Many times, we learn communication rules from experience,
by observing and interacting with others. The example of interpersonal communication
governed by rules is respect each other, do not reveal each other secrets, look the other person
in the eye during conversation and do not criticize the other person publicly.
Lastly, interpersonal communication is involves both content and relationship dimensions.
Four example, message have both content and relationship dimensions, one dimensions are
modify or over contradict the other dimension. Communication theorists have a word that
describes how we can communicate about our communication. Stated in the simplest way,
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metacommunication is communication about communication, and it can be nonverbal or
verbal. Accurately decoding unspoken or verbalized metamessage helps you understand what
people really mean and can help you listen to the lines of what someone is experessing.
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7. Identify strategies that can improve your communication competence. (provide a minimum
of 3 strategies and give example based on daily communication).
Now that we have previewed the study of interpersonal communication, you may be saying
to yourself, “well, that’s all and good, but is it possible to improve my own interpersonal
communication?” Just as some people have more musical talent or greater skill at throwing a
football, evidence does suggest that some people may have an inborn, biological talent for
communicating with other. So, there is several type of strategies that can improve your
communication competence.
Firstly, become knowledgeable. By Reading this chapter, you have already begun improve
your interpersonal communication competence. Effective communication are knowledgeable.
They know how communication works. They understand the components, principles and
rules of the communication process. As you read future in this book, you will learn theories,
principles, concepts, and rules that will help you explain and predict how human
communication interpersonally.
Second, become skilled. Effective communication know how to translate knowledge into
action. You can memorize the characteristics of a good listener but still not listen well. To
develop skill requires practice and helpful feedback from others who can confirm the
appropriateness of your action. To learn any skill, you must break it down into subskills that
you learn and practice.
Lastly, become motivated. Practicing skills require work. You need to motivated to use
your knowledge and skill. You must want to improve, and must have a genuine desire to
connect with other if you wish to become a competent communicator . You may know people
who understand how to drive a car and have the skill to drive, yet hesitate to get behind the
wheel. Or maybe you know someone who took a course in public speaking but is reluctant to
stand in front of crowd. Similarly, someone may pass at test about interpersonal
communication principles with flying colors, but unless that personal is motivated to use
those newfound skills, his or her interactions with others may not improve.
The conclusion, there is no single best way to communicate with other. There are, however,
avenues that can help you become both more effective and more appropriate when
communicating with other. We suggest you to follow the strategies that can improve your
communication competence.
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