61:16
      Ukuran Tulisan
Simpan
SECTION 3

READING COMPREHENSION

Time:55 minutes

50 Questions

Lines Question 1 through 10 are based on the following passage

Niagara Falls, on of the most famous North American natural wonders, has long
been a popular tourist destination. Tourists today flock to see the two falls that
actually constitute Niagara falls: the 173-foot-high Horseshoe Falls on the
canadian side of the Niagara river in the canadian province of ontario and the 182-
foot-high American Falls on the U.S. side of the river in the state of New York.
Approximately 85 percent of the water that goes over the falls actually goes over
Horseshoe Falls, with the rest going over American Falls.

Most visitors come between April an October, and it is quite popular activity to
take a streamer out onto river and right up to the base of the falls for the close up
view. It is also possible to get a spectacular view of the falls from the strategic
locations along the Niagara river, such as prospect point of table rock, or from one
of the four observation towers which have heights up to 500 feet.

Tourists have been visiting Niagara Falls in large numbers since the 1800s; annual
visittation now averages above 10 million visitors per year. Because of concern
that all these tourists would inadvertently destroy the natural beauty of this scenic
wonder, the state of New York in 1885 created Niagara Falls Park in order to
protect the land surrounding American Falls. A year later Canada created Queen
Victoria park on the Canadian side of the Niagara, around Horseshoes Falls. With
the area surrounding the falls under the jurisdiction of goverment agencies,
appropriate steps could be taken to preserve the pristine beauty of the area.

1. What is the major pint that the author is making in this passage? ...........

 Niagara Falls can be viewed from either the American side or the Canadian
side.
 A trip to the United States isn't complete without a visite to Niagara Falls.
 Niagara Falls has had an interesting history.
 It has been necessary to protect Niagara Falls from the many tourists who go
there.
2. The word "flock" in the first paragraph could the best replaced by ...........

 Come by plane.
 Come in large numbers.
 Come out of boredom.
 Come without knowing that they will see.
3. Aaccording to the passage, which of the following best describes Niagara
Falls? ...........

 Niagara Falls consists of two rivers, one canadian and the other American
 American falls is considerably higher than Horseshoe Falls.
 The Niagara River has two falls, one in Canada and the one in the United
Stated.
 Although the Niagara River flows through the United States and Canada, the
falls are only in the United States.
4. A "streamer" in “and it is quite popular activity to take a streamer out onto river
and right up to the base of the falls for the close up view” is probably ...........

 A bus
 A boat
 A walkway
 A park
5. The Expression "right up"in “and it is quite popular activity to take a streamer
out onto river and right up to the base of the falls for the close up view” could best
be replaces by ...........

 Turn to the right.

  Follow correct procedures.
 travel upstream.
 All the way up.
6. The passage implies that tourists prefer to ...........

 Visit Niagara Falls during warmer weather

 See the falls from a great distance
 Take a ride over the falls
 Come to Niagara Falls for a winter vacation
7. According to the passage, why was Niagara Park created? ...........

 To encourage tourists to visit Niagara Falls.

 To show off the natural beauty of Niagara Falls.
 To protect the area around Niagara Falls.
 To force Canada to open Queen Victoria Park.
8. The word "jurisdiction" in With the area surrounding the falls under
the jurisdiction of goverment agencies is closest in meaning to ...........

 View
 Assistance
 Taxation
 Control
9. The word "pristine" in “appropriate steps could be taken to preserve
the pristine beauty of the area” is closest in meaning to ...........

 Pure and natural

 Highly developed
 Well-regulated
 Overused
10. The paragraph following the passage most probalby discusses ...........

 Aditional ways to observe the falls.

 Steps take by givernment to protect the falls.
 A detailed decription of the division of the falls between the united states and
canada.
 Further problems that are destroying the area around the falls.
Lines Question 11 through 19 are based on the following passage
What is commonly called pepper in reality comes from two very different families
of plants. Black and white pepper both come from the fruit of the Piper nigrum, a
vine with fruits called peppercorns. The peppercorns turn from green to red as they
ripen and finally blacken as they dry out. The dried-out peppercorns are ground to
obtain black pepper. White pepper; which has a more subtle flavor than black
pepper, comes from the same peppercorns as black pepper; to obtain white pepper,
the outher hull of the peppercorns, the pericarp, is removed before the peppercorns
is ground.

Red and green peppers, on the other hand, come from completely different family
from black and white pepper. Red and green pepper are from the genus Capsicum.
Plant of this type generaly have tiny white flowers and fruite which can be any one
of a numbers of colors, shape and sizes. These peppers range in flavor from very
mild and sweet to the ost incredibly burning taste imaginable.

Bell peppers are the most mild, while habaneros are the most burning.

Cristopher Columbus is responsible for the present-day confusion over what a

pepper is. The Piper nigrum variety of pepper was highly valued for centuries, and
high demand for pepper by Europeans was a major cause of the fisteenth-
century push to locateocena routes to spice-growing regions of Asia. When
Columbus arrived in the New World in 1492, he was particulary interested in
finding black peppers because of the high price that it would command in Europe,
Columbus came accross plants from the Capsicum family in use among the people
of the New World, and he incorrectly identified them as relatives of black pepper.
Columbus introduced the spicy Capsicum chili peppers to Europeans on his return
from the 1492 voyage and traders later spread them to Asia and Africa. These
capsicum peppers have continued to be called peppers in spite of the fact that they
are not related to the black and white pepper of the Piper nigrum family.

11. The purpose of this passage is to ...........

 Explain why there is confussion today over peppers.

 Provide the scientific classification of various types of peppers.
 Demonstrate that it was columbus who brought peppers to europe.
 Classify the variety of sizes, shapes, and colors of peppers.
12. The word "turn" in line 3 could best be replaced by ...........

 Revert
 Exchange
  Veer
 Change
13. According to the passage, both black and white pappers ...........

 Come from different plants.

 Change colors after they are ground.
 Are ground from dried out peppercorns.
 Have the same flavor.
14. What part of the piper nigrum is the pericarp? ...........

 The seed inside the fruit.

 The outer covering of the fruit.
 The pulp inside the vine.
 The outer covering of the vine.
15. What usually does NOT vary in a capsicum plant? ...........

 The colors of the flower.

 The size of the fruit.
 The pulp of the fruit.
 The colors of the fruit.
16. The word "push" in “Europeans was a major cause of the fisteenth-
century push to locateocena routes to spice-growing regions of Asia” could best be
replaced by ...........

 Shove
 Strength
 Drive
 Hit
17. The pronoun "them" in “Columbus introduced the spicy Capsicum chili
peppers to Europeans on his return from the 1492 voyage and traders later
spread them to Asia and Africa” refers to ...........

 Plants
 People
 Relatives
 Europeans
18. It can be infered from the passage that chili peppers originally came
from ...........

 Europe
 Asia
 America
 Africa
19. Where in the passage does the author explain the mistake that Columbus made?
...........

 First paragraph
 Second paragraph
 Third paragraph
 Last paragraph
Lines Question 20 through 31 are based on the following passage
Just two month after the flight of Apollo 10, the Apollo 11 astronauts made their
historic landing on the surface of the moon. This momentous trip for humanity also
provided scientists with an abundance of material for study; from rock and soil
samples brought back from the moon. Scientist have been able to determine much
about hte composition of the moon as well as to draw inferences about the
development of the moon from its composition.

The moon soil that came back from apollo 11 contains small bits of rock and glass
which were probalby grounds from larger rocks when meteors impacted with the
surface of the moon. The bits of glass are spherical in shape and constitute
approximately half of the moon soil. Scientists found no trace of animal or plant
life in this soil.

In addition to the Moon soil, astronauts gathered two basic types of rocks from the
surface of the Moon. Basalt and Breccia. Basalt is acooled and hardened vocanic
lava common to the Earth. Since Basalt is formed under extremely high
temperatures, the presence of this type of Rock is an indication that the
temperature of the Moon was once Extremely hot. Breccia, the other kind of rock
brought back by the astronauts, was formed during the impac of falling objects on
the surface of the Moon. This secong type of rock consists of small pieces of rock
compressed together by the force of impact. Gases such as hydrogen ang helium
were found in some of rocks, and scientists believe that these gases were carried to
the Moon by the solar wind, the streams of gases that are constantly emitted by the
Sun.
20. This paragraph preceding the passage most likely discusses ...........

 Astronaut training.
 The conception of the apollo space program.
 A different space trip.
 Previous moon landings.
21. What is the subject of this passage ...........

 The Apollo astronauts.

 Soil on the Moon.
 What the Moon is made of.
 Basalt and Breccia.
22. An "abundance" in “scientists with an abundance of material for study”
is ...........

 A disorderly pile.
 A wealthy bunch.
 An insignificant proportion.
 A large amount.
23. According to the passage, what does the Moon soil consist of? ...........

 Hydrogen and helium.

 Large chunks of volcanic lava.
 Tiny pieces of stones and glass.
 Streams of gases.
24. The word "spherical" in “The bits of glass are spherical in shape and constitute
approximately half of the moon soil” is closest in meaning to ...........

 Earten
 Circular
 Angular
 Amorphous
25. Which of the following was not brought back to the earth by
astronauts? ...........

 Basalt
 Soil
  Breccia
 Plant life
26. An "indication" in “Rock is an indication that the temperature of the Moon
was once Extremely hot” is ...........

 An exhibition
 A clue
 A denial
 A dictate
27. According to the passage, breccia was formed ...........

 When object struck the Moon.

 From volcanic lava.
 When streams of gases hit the surface of the Moon.
 From the interaction of helium and hydrogen.
28. It is implied in the passage that scientists believe that the gases found in the
Moon rocks ...........

 Were not originally from the Moon.

 Were created inside the rocks.
 Traveled from the moon to the Sun.
 Caused the Moon's temperature to rise.
29. The word "emitted" in “that are constantly emitted by the Sun” is closest in
meaning to ...........

 Set off
 Vaporized
 Sent out
 Separated
30. The outhor's purpose in this passage is to ...........

 Describe some rock and soil samples.

 Explain some of the things learned from space lights.
 Propose a new theory about the creation of the moon.
 Demontrate the difference betwen basalt and breccia.
31. It can be inferred from the passage that ...........
  The only items of importance that astronauts brought back from the Moon were
rock and soil samples.
 Scientists learned relatively little from the Moon rock and soil sample.
 Scientists do not believe that it is necessary to return to the Moon.
 Rock and soil samples were only some of a myriad of significant items from
the Moon.
Questions 32 through 40 are based on the following passage.
Today the most universally known style of trousers for both men an women is
jeans; these trouser are worn throughout the world on a variety of occasions and in
diverse situations. Also called levis or denims, jeans have an interesting history, on
that is intermixed with the derivations of the words jeans, denim, and levis.

The word jeans is derived from the name of the place where a similar style of pants
developed. In the sixteen century, sailor from Genoa, Italy, wore a
rather unique type of cotton trousers. In the french language, the word for the city
of Genoa and for the people from that city is genes; this name became attached to
the specific style of pants worn by sailors from this city and developed into the
words jeans that today describes the descendents of the Genovese sailor's cotton
pants.

Similar to the word jeans, the word denim is also derived from a place name. In the
seventeenth century, french tailors begin making trousers out of a specialized type
of cloth that was developed in the city of Nimes, France, and was known as serge
de Nimes. This name for the cloth underwent some transformations,
and it eventually developed in today's denim, the material from which jeans are
made and alternate name name of these populer pants.

The word levis came from the name of a person rather than a place. In the
nineteenth century, imigrant Levi Strauss came to America and tried his hand at
selling heavy canvas to miners taking part in the hunt for gold in northen
California. Strauss intended for this canvas to be used by miners to make heavy-
duty tents. This first endeavor was a failure, but Strauss later found success when
he used the heavy canvas to make indestructible pants for the miners. Levi
then switched the fabric from brown canvas to blue denim, creating a style of
pants that long outlived him and today is referred to by his name. A modern-day
urban shopper out to buy some levis is seraching for a close relative of the product
that Strauss had developed years earlier.

32. This passage is developed by ...........

  Citing an effect and its causes.
 Explaining history with three specific cases.
 Demonstration the side of issue.
 Developing the biography of a famous person chronologically.
33. The word "unique" in “a rather unique type of cotton trousers” is closest in
meaning to ...........

 Universal
 Solitary
 Unusual
 Commonplace
34. All of the folloowing are mentioned in the passage about Genoa EXCEPT that
is ...........

 Was the source of the word jeans.

 Is in italy.
 Has a different name in the french language.
 Is a landlocked city.
35. The word “descendents” in “the descendents of the Genovese sailor's cotton
pants” could best be replaced by ...........

 Offspring
 Bottoms
 Antecedents
 Derivations
36. The word denim was most probably derived from ...........

 Two french words.

 Two italian words.
 One french word and one italian word.
 Three french words.
37. The pronoun “it” in “and it eventually developed in today's denim” refers
to ...........

 City
 Name
 Cloth
  Material
38. The word "switched" in “Levi then switched the fabric from brown canvas to
blue denim” is closest in meaning to ...........

 Reduced
 Created
 Pounded
 Changed
39. It can be infered from the passage that, in order to develop the pants for which
he became famous, Strauss did which of the following? ...........

 He studied tailoring in Nimes.

 He used an existing type of material.
 He experimented with bron denim.
 He tested the pants for destructability.
40. Where in the passage does the author explain how Strauss' first attempt at
creating a business with canvas turned out? ...........

 First Paragraph
 Second Paragraph
 Third Paragraph
 Last Paragraph
Lines Questions 41 through 50 are based on the following passage.
During the heyday of the railroads, when america's rail system provided the bulk of
the country's passanger and freight transportation, various types of railroad cars
were in service to accomplish the varied tasks handled by the railroads. One type
of car that was not available for public use prior to the civil war, however, was a
slepping car; ideas for sleeping car abounded at the time, but these idea were
unworkable. It unfortunatelly took the death of a president to make the sleeping car
a viable reality.

Cabinet maker George M. Pullman had recognized the demand for sleeping cars
and had worked on developing experimental models of sleeping cars in the decade
leading up to the Civil War. However, inspite of the fact that he had made
succesfull test run on the Chicago and Alton Railroads with his models, he was
unable to sell his idea because his models were too wide and to high for Existing
train stations and bridges. In 1863, after spending time working as a storekeeper in
a Colorado mining town, he invested his savings of twenty thousand dollars, a
huge fortune at that time and all the money that he had in the world, in a luxurious
sleeping car that he named the Pioneer. Pullman and friend Ben Field bilt the
Pioneer on the site of the present-day Chicago Union Station for two years,
however, the Pioneer sat on a railroad siding, useless because it could not fit
through train station and over bridges.

Following President Lincoln's assassination in 1865, the states of Illionis, Lincoln's

birthplace, wanted to transport the presidential casket in the finest fashion possible.
The Pullman Pioneer was the most elegant car around; in order to make the
Pulman part of the presidential funeral trin in its run from Springfield to Chicago,
the stated cut down station platforms and raised bridges in order to accomodate the
luxurious railway car. The Pullman car greatly impressed the funeral party, which
included Lincoln's successor as president, general Ulysses S. Grant, and Grant later
requested the central railroads followed. George Pullman founded the Pullman
Palace car Company in partnership with financier Andrew Carnegie and eventually
became a millionaire.

41. Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage ...........

 America's railroad used to provide much of the country's transportation.

 President Lincoln's assassination in 1865 shocked the nation.
 George Pullman was the onl one to come up with the idea for a sleeping car.
 Pullman's idea for a sleeping car beame workable after Lincoln's death.
42. A "heyday" in the first paragraph is most probably a ...........

 Time for harvest.

 Period with low prices.
 Period of great success.
 Type of railroad schedule.
43. It can be inferred from the passage that before the Civil War, sleeping
cars ...........

 Were used abundantly.

 Were thought to be a good idea.
 Were only used prifately.
 Were used by presidents.
44. The word "test" in “he had made succesfull test run on the Chicago and Alton”
could best be replaced by which of the following? ...........
  Exam
 Trial
 Inspection
 Scientific
45. What was the initial problem that made Pullman's cars unusable? ...........

 They were too large.

 They were too expensive.
 They were too slow.
 They were too unusual.
46. What is stated in the passage about George Pullman? ...........

 He once had a job in a store.

 He always lived in Chicago.
 He worked in a mine.
 He saved money for his project.
47. The word "site" “in the site of the present-day Chicago Union Station for two
years” is closest in meaning to which of the following? ...........

 Factory
 View
 Location
 Foundation
48. Why did the state of Illinois want to use the Pullman in Lincoln's funeral
train? ...........

 It was superior to other cars.

 It was the only railroad car that could make it from Springfield to chicago.
 Ulysses S. Grant request it.
 The Pullman Palace car company was a major Illinois business.
49. It can be inferred from the passage that the Michigan Central Railroad ...........

 Was owned by George Pullman.

 Controlled the railroad tracks between Detroid and Chicago.
 Was the only railroad company to accommodate wide cars.
 Was the sole manufacturer of the Pioneer.
50. This passage would most likely be assigned in which of the following
courses? ...........

 Enginering
 Political Science
 Finance
 History
Simpan
 45:03
      Ukuran Tulisan
Simpan

SECTION 3

READING COMPREHENSION

Time:55 minutes

50 Questions

Lines Question 1 through 10 are based on the following

passage

Niagara Falls, on of the most famous North American

natural wonders, has long been a popular tourist
destination. Tourists today flock to see the two falls
that actually constitute Niagara falls: the 173-foot-high
Horseshoe Falls on the canadian side of the Niagara
river in the canadian province of ontario and the 182-
foot-high American Falls on the U.S. side of the river in
the state of New York. Approximately 85 percent of the
water that goes over the falls actually goes over
Horseshoe Falls, with the rest going over American
Falls.

Most visitors come between April an October, and it is

quite popular activity to take a streamer out onto river
and right up to the base of the falls for the close up
view. It is also possible to get a spectacular view of the
falls from the strategic locations along the Niagara
river, such as prospect point of table rock, or from one
of the four observation towers which have heights up
to 500 feet.

Tourists have been visiting Niagara Falls in large

numbers since the 1800s; annual visittation now
averages above 10 million visitors per year. Because of
concern that all these tourists would inadvertently
destroy the natural beauty of this scenic wonder, the
state of New York in 1885 created Niagara Falls Park in
order to protect the land surrounding American Falls. A
year later Canada created Queen Victoria park on the
Canadian side of the Niagara, around Horseshoes Falls.
With the area surrounding the falls under
the jurisdiction of goverment agencies, appropriate
steps could be taken to preserve the pristine beauty of
the area.
1. What is the major pint that the author is making in
this passage? ...........

 Niagara Falls can be viewed from either the

American side or the Canadian side.
 A trip to the United States isn't complete without a
visite to Niagara Falls.
 Niagara Falls has had an interesting history.
 It has been necessary to protect Niagara Falls from
the many tourists who go there.
2. The word "flock" in the first paragraph could the best
replaced by ...........

 Come by plane.
 Come in large numbers.
 Come out of boredom.
 Come without knowing that they will see.
3. Aaccording to the passage, which of the following
best describes Niagara Falls? ...........

 Niagara Falls consists of two rivers, one canadian

and the other American
 American falls is considerably higher than Horseshoe
Falls.
 The Niagara River has two falls, one in Canada and
the one in the United Stated.
  Although the Niagara River flows through the United
States and Canada, the falls are only in the United
States.
4. A "streamer" in “and it is quite popular activity to
take a streamer out onto river and right up to the base
of the falls for the close up view” is probably ...........

 A bus
 A boat
 A walkway
 A park
5. The Expression "right up"in “and it is quite popular
activity to take a streamer out onto river and right
up to the base of the falls for the close up view” could
best be replaces by ...........

 Turn to the right.

 Follow correct procedures.
 travel upstream.
 All the way up.
6. The passage implies that tourists prefer to ...........

 Visit Niagara Falls during warmer weather

 See the falls from a great distance
 Take a ride over the falls
 Come to Niagara Falls for a winter vacation
7. According to the passage, why was Niagara Park
created? ...........

 To encourage tourists to visit Niagara Falls.

 To show off the natural beauty of Niagara Falls.
 To protect the area around Niagara Falls.
 To force Canada to open Queen Victoria Park.
8. The word "jurisdiction" in With the area surrounding
the falls under the jurisdiction of goverment agencies
is closest in meaning to ...........

 View
 Assistance
 Taxation
 Control
9. The word "pristine" in “appropriate steps could be
taken to preserve the pristine beauty of the area” is
closest in meaning to ...........

 Pure and natural

 Highly developed
 Well-regulated
 Overused
10. The paragraph following the passage most probalby
discusses ...........

 Aditional ways to observe the falls.

  Steps take by givernment to protect the falls.
 A detailed decription of the division of the falls
between the united states and canada.
 Further problems that are destroying the area
around the falls.
Lines Question 11 through 19 are based on the
following passage
What is commonly called pepper in reality comes from
two very different families of plants. Black and white
pepper both come from the fruit of the Piper nigrum, a
vine with fruits called peppercorns. The peppercorns
turn from green to red as they ripen and finally blacken
as they dry out. The dried-out peppercorns are ground
to obtain black pepper. White pepper; which has a
more subtle flavor than black pepper, comes from the
same peppercorns as black pepper; to obtain white
pepper, the outher hull of the peppercorns, the
pericarp, is removed before the peppercorns is ground.

Red and green peppers, on the other hand, come from

completely different family from black and white
pepper. Red and green pepper are from the genus
Capsicum. Plant of this type generaly have tiny white
flowers and fruite which can be any one of a numbers
of colors, shape and sizes. These peppers range in
flavor from very mild and sweet to the ost incredibly
burning taste imaginable.

Bell peppers are the most mild, while habaneros are the
most burning.

Cristopher Columbus is responsible for the present-day

confusion over what a pepper is. The Piper nigrum
variety of pepper was highly valued for centuries, and
high demand for pepper by Europeans was a major
cause of the fisteenth-century push to locateocena
routes to spice-growing regions of Asia. When
Columbus arrived in the New World in 1492, he was
particulary interested in finding black peppers because
of the high price that it would command in Europe,
Columbus came accross plants from the Capsicum
family in use among the people of the New World, and
he incorrectly identified them as relatives of black
pepper. Columbus introduced the spicy Capsicum chili
peppers to Europeans on his return from the 1492
voyage and traders later spread them to Asia and
Africa. These capsicum peppers have continued to be
called peppers in spite of the fact that they are not
related to the black and white pepper of the Piper
nigrum family.

11. The purpose of this passage is to ...........

  Explain why there is confussion today over peppers.
 Provide the scientific classification of various types of
peppers.
 Demonstrate that it was columbus who brought
peppers to europe.
 Classify the variety of sizes, shapes, and colors of
peppers.
12. The word "turn" in line 3 could best be replaced
by ...........

 Revert
 Exchange
 Veer
 Change
13. According to the passage, both black and white
pappers ...........

 Come from different plants.

 Change colors after they are ground.
 Are ground from dried out peppercorns.
 Have the same flavor.
14. What part of the piper nigrum is the pericarp? ...........

 The seed inside the fruit.

 The outer covering of the fruit.
 The pulp inside the vine.
 The outer covering of the vine.
15. What usually does NOT vary in a capsicum
plant? ...........

 The colors of the flower.

 The size of the fruit.
 The pulp of the fruit.
 The colors of the fruit.
16. The word "push" in “Europeans was a major cause
of the fisteenth-century push to locateocena routes to
spice-growing regions of Asia” could best be replaced
by ...........

 Shove
 Strength
 Drive
 Hit
17. The pronoun "them" in “Columbus introduced the
spicy Capsicum chili peppers to Europeans on his return
from the 1492 voyage and traders later spread them to
Asia and Africa” refers to ...........

 Plants
 People
 Relatives
 Europeans
18. It can be infered from the passage that chili peppers
originally came from ...........
  Europe
 Asia
 America
 Africa
19. Where in the passage does the author explain the
mistake that Columbus made? ...........

 First paragraph
 Second paragraph
 Third paragraph
 Last paragraph
Lines Question 20 through 31 are based on the
following passage
Just two month after the flight of Apollo 10, the Apollo
11 astronauts made their historic landing on the surface
of the moon. This momentous trip for humanity also
provided scientists with an abundance of material for
study; from rock and soil samples brought back from
the moon. Scientist have been able to determine much
about hte composition of the moon as well as to draw
inferences about the development of the moon from its
composition.

The moon soil that came back from apollo 11 contains

small bits of rock and glass which were probalby
grounds from larger rocks when meteors impacted with
the surface of the moon. The bits of glass
are spherical in shape and constitute approximately
half of the moon soil. Scientists found no trace of
animal or plant life in this soil.

In addition to the Moon soil, astronauts gathered two

basic types of rocks from the surface of the Moon.
Basalt and Breccia. Basalt is acooled and hardened
vocanic lava common to the Earth. Since Basalt is
formed under extremely high temperatures, the
presence of this type of Rock is an indication that the
temperature of the Moon was once Extremely hot.
Breccia, the other kind of rock brought back by the
astronauts, was formed during the impac of falling
objects on the surface of the Moon. This secong type of
rock consists of small pieces of rock compressed
together by the force of impact. Gases such as
hydrogen ang helium were found in some of rocks, and
scientists believe that these gases were carried to the
Moon by the solar wind, the streams of gases that are
constantly emitted by the Sun.

20. This paragraph preceding the passage most likely

discusses ...........

 Astronaut training.
 The conception of the apollo space program.
  A different space trip.
 Previous moon landings.
21. What is the subject of this passage ...........

 The Apollo astronauts.

 Soil on the Moon.
 What the Moon is made of.
 Basalt and Breccia.
22. An "abundance" in “scientists with an abundance of
material for study” is ...........

 A disorderly pile.
 A wealthy bunch.
 An insignificant proportion.
 A large amount.
23. According to the passage, what does the Moon soil
consist of? ...........

 Hydrogen and helium.

 Large chunks of volcanic lava.
 Tiny pieces of stones and glass.
 Streams of gases.
24. The word "spherical" in “The bits of glass
are spherical in shape and constitute approximately
half of the moon soil” is closest in meaning to ...........

 Earten
  Circular
 Angular
 Amorphous
25. Which of the following was not brought back to the
earth by astronauts? ...........

 Basalt
 Soil
 Breccia
 Plant life
26. An "indication" in “Rock is an indication that the
temperature of the Moon was once Extremely hot”
is ...........

 An exhibition
 A clue
 A denial
 A dictate
27. According to the passage, breccia was formed ...........

 When object struck the Moon.

 From volcanic lava.
 When streams of gases hit the surface of the Moon.
 From the interaction of helium and hydrogen.
28. It is implied in the passage that scientists believe
that the gases found in the Moon rocks ...........
  Were not originally from the Moon.
 Were created inside the rocks.
 Traveled from the moon to the Sun.
 Caused the Moon's temperature to rise.
29. The word "emitted" in “that are
constantly emitted by the Sun” is closest in meaning to
...........

 Set off
 Vaporized
 Sent out
 Separated
30. The outhor's purpose in this passage is to ...........

 Describe some rock and soil samples.

 Explain some of the things learned from space lights.
 Propose a new theory about the creation of the
moon.
 Demontrate the difference betwen basalt and
breccia.
31. It can be inferred from the passage that ...........

 The only items of importance that astronauts

brought back from the Moon were rock and soil
samples.
 Scientists learned relatively little from the Moon rock
and soil sample.
  Scientists do not believe that it is necessary to return
to the Moon.
 Rock and soil samples were only some of a myriad of
significant items from the Moon.
Questions 32 through 40 are based on the following
passage.
Today the most universally known style of trousers for
both men an women is jeans; these trouser are worn
throughout the world on a variety of occasions and in
diverse situations. Also called levis or denims, jeans
have an interesting history, on that is intermixed with
the derivations of the words jeans, denim, and levis.

The word jeans is derived from the name of the place

where a similar style of pants developed. In the sixteen
century, sailor from Genoa, Italy, wore a
rather unique type of cotton trousers. In the french
language, the word for the city of Genoa and for the
people from that city is genes; this name became
attached to the specific style of pants worn by sailors
from this city and developed into the words jeans that
today describes the descendents of the Genovese
sailor's cotton pants.

Similar to the word jeans, the word denim is also

derived from a place name. In the seventeenth century,
french tailors begin making trousers out of a
specialized type of cloth that was developed in the city
of Nimes, France, and was known as serge de Nimes.
This name for the cloth underwent some
transformations, and it eventually developed in today's
denim, the material from which jeans are made and
alternate name name of these populer pants.

The word levis came from the name of a person rather

than a place. In the nineteenth century, imigrant Levi
Strauss came to America and tried his hand at selling
heavy canvas to miners taking part in the hunt for gold
in northen California. Strauss intended for this canvas
to be used by miners to make heavy-duty tents. This
first endeavor was a failure, but Strauss later found
success when he used the heavy canvas to make
indestructible pants for the miners. Levi
then switched the fabric from brown canvas to blue
denim, creating a style of pants that long outlived him
and today is referred to by his name. A modern-day
urban shopper out to buy some levis is seraching for a
close relative of the product that Strauss had
developed years earlier.

32. This passage is developed by ...........

 Citing an effect and its causes.

  Explaining history with three specific cases.
 Demonstration the side of issue.
 Developing the biography of a famous person
chronologically.
33. The word "unique" in “a rather unique type of
cotton trousers” is closest in meaning to ...........

 Universal
 Solitary
 Unusual
 Commonplace
34. All of the folloowing are mentioned in the passage
about Genoa EXCEPT that is ...........

 Was the source of the word jeans.

 Is in italy.
 Has a different name in the french language.
 Is a landlocked city.
35. The word “descendents” in “the descendents of the
Genovese sailor's cotton pants” could best be replaced
by ...........

 Offspring
 Bottoms
 Antecedents
 Derivations
36. The word denim was most probably derived
from ...........

 Two french words.

 Two italian words.
 One french word and one italian word.
 Three french words.
37. The pronoun “it” in “and it eventually developed in
today's denim” refers to ...........

 City
 Name
 Cloth
 Material
38. The word "switched" in “Levi then switched the
fabric from brown canvas to blue denim” is closest in
meaning to ...........

 Reduced
 Created
 Pounded
 Changed
39. It can be infered from the passage that, in order to
develop the pants for which he became famous, Strauss
did which of the following? ...........

 He studied tailoring in Nimes.

  He used an existing type of material.
 He experimented with bron denim.
 He tested the pants for destructability.
40. Where in the passage does the author explain how
Strauss' first attempt at creating a business with canvas
turned out? ...........

 First Paragraph
 Second Paragraph
 Third Paragraph
 Last Paragraph
Lines Questions 41 through 50 are based on the
following passage.
During the heyday of the railroads, when america's rail
system provided the bulk of the country's passanger
and freight transportation, various types of railroad cars
were in service to accomplish the varied tasks handled
by the railroads. One type of car that was not available
for public use prior to the civil war, however, was a
slepping car; ideas for sleeping car abounded at the
time, but these idea were unworkable. It unfortunatelly
took the death of a president to make the sleeping car
a viable reality.

Cabinet maker George M. Pullman had recognized the

demand for sleeping cars and had worked on
developing experimental models of sleeping cars in the
decade leading up to the Civil War. However, inspite of
the fact that he had made succesfull test run on the
Chicago and Alton Railroads with his models, he was
unable to sell his idea because his models were too
wide and to high for Existing train stations and bridges.
In 1863, after spending time working as a storekeeper
in a Colorado mining town, he invested his savings of
twenty thousand dollars, a huge fortune at that time
and all the money that he had in the world, in a
luxurious sleeping car that he named the Pioneer.
Pullman and friend Ben Field bilt the Pioneer on
the site of the present-day Chicago Union Station for
two years, however, the Pioneer sat on a railroad siding,
useless because it could not fit through train station
and over bridges.

Following President Lincoln's assassination in 1865, the

states of Illionis, Lincoln's birthplace, wanted to
transport the presidential casket in the finest fashion
possible. The Pullman Pioneer was the most elegant car
around; in order to make the Pulman part of the
presidential funeral trin in its run from Springfield to
Chicago, the stated cut down station platforms and
raised bridges in order to accomodate the luxurious
railway car. The Pullman car greatly impressed the
funeral party, which included Lincoln's successor as
president, general Ulysses S. Grant, and Grant later
requested the central railroads followed. George
Pullman founded the Pullman Palace car Company in
partnership with financier Andrew Carnegie and
eventually became a millionaire.

41. Which of the following best states the main idea of

the passage ...........

 America's railroad used to provide much of the

country's transportation.
 President Lincoln's assassination in 1865 shocked the
nation.
 George Pullman was the onl one to come up with
the idea for a sleeping car.
 Pullman's idea for a sleeping car beame workable
after Lincoln's death.
42. A "heyday" in the first paragraph is most probably a
...........

 Time for harvest.

 Period with low prices.
 Period of great success.
 Type of railroad schedule.
43. It can be inferred from the passage that before the
Civil War, sleeping cars ...........
  Were used abundantly.
 Were thought to be a good idea.
 Were only used prifately.
 Were used by presidents.
44. The word "test" in “he had made succesfull test run
on the Chicago and Alton” could best be replaced by
which of the following? ...........

 Exam
 Trial
 Inspection
 Scientific
45. What was the initial problem that made Pullman's
cars unusable? ...........

 They were too large.

 They were too expensive.
 They were too slow.
 They were too unusual.
46. What is stated in the passage about George
Pullman? ...........

 He once had a job in a store.

 He always lived in Chicago.
 He worked in a mine.
 He saved money for his project.
47. The word "site" “in the site of the present-day
Chicago Union Station for two years” is closest in
meaning to which of the following? ...........

 Factory
 View
 Location
 Foundation
48. Why did the state of Illinois want to use the Pullman
in Lincoln's funeral train? ...........

 It was superior to other cars.

 It was the only railroad car that could make it from
Springfield to chicago.
 Ulysses S. Grant request it.
 The Pullman Palace car company was a major Illinois
business.
49. It can be inferred from the passage that the
Michigan Central Railroad ...........

 Was owned by George Pullman.

 Controlled the railroad tracks between Detroid and
Chicago.
 Was the only railroad company to accommodate
wide cars.
 Was the sole manufacturer of the Pioneer.
50. This passage would most likely be assigned in which
of the following courses? ...........

 Enginering
 Political Science
 Finance
 History
Simpan