Dry Bean Production

Issues

Greg Endres, Extension area agronomist

[email protected]; 701-652-2951

NDSU Carrington Research Extension Center

Worst production problem reported by ND dry
bean growers*, 2012
(Dry Bean Grower Survey, NDSU Extension Service and Northarvest Dry Bean Growers Association)

21
weeds
none
drought
10 disease
insects

17

*% acres reported (top 5)

 Production issues
• Low % reduced tillage acres
• Plant population?
– Market type; Row spacing; planting dates; direct harvest
• Seed treatment – fungicide and insecticide?
• Lack of response to seed inoculation?
• Weed management
• Pre-harvest desiccation
• Impact of root rots?
• New disease threats
• Minimizing direct harvest seed loss
Dry bean tillage system reported by
ND dry bean growers, 2012.
8
7

conv
strip or min
no-till

85

% of acres
 Pinto bean yield among tillage systems,
Carrington, 5 site-yr (2007 and 2009-12)

30

28
26.2
25.9
Cwt/acre

26
24.4

24

22

20
Conv till Direct seed Strip till - fall
Tillage systems
 conventional
resource demand throughout growing
season
soil and water management
 conservation
weed control
o limited herbicides
o no between-row cultivation
harvest loss with direct harvest
 Use of fungicide seed treatment
on ND dry bean fields, 2012.
100
90
80
70
60 54.5
% used
50 45.5
not used
40
30
20
10
0
 Use of Rhizobium inoculants
on ND dry bean fields, 2012.
100
90 88

80
70
60
% used
50
not used
40
30
20
12
10
0
 Dry Bean Plant Nutrition
•N
1. inoculate seed = 40 lb total N/acre
2. 70 lb N/acre
•P
• Zn
 2013 ND Weed Control Guide:
Dry bean (pp. 32-33)
• Soil-applied herbicides (10)
– kochia: Spartan Charge
– nightshade: Pursuit, Spartan Charge
– lambsquarters: Permit, Spartan Charge
– redroot pigweed: Outlook, Pursuit
• POST herbicides (10)
– Broadleaf: Basagran, Raptor, Reflex (ebns, repi)
• Preharvest herbicides (4)
– glyphosate, paraquat, Valor and Sharpen
 ND dry bean grower desiccant
use*, 2012.
30
27
25

none
20
paraquat
% 15 glyphosate
15
Valor
10 sodium chlorate
10
6
Sharpen
6 5
5

*% acres reported
Dry Bean Disease Threats
• Traditional
– white mold and rust
• ‘New’
– ANTHRACNOSE and SCN
Percent of total dry bean acres harvested
by direct combing, ND, 2012.
100
90
80
70 63
60 none
%
50 1-50%
40 51-100%

30
21
20 16
10
0
Estimated yield loss, ND, 2012.
Conventional harvest Direct harvest

4%
7%
12%
11% % loss % loss
0 1-5%
9%
1-5% 40%
6-10%
6-10% 11-15%
11-15% 16-20%
78% 39%
Comments?