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Introduction To SPED

The document provides an overview of the course SPED 601 - Introduction to Special Education. It includes sections on concepts of special education, definitions, nature and characteristics, objectives, principles, and scope. Special education aims to meet the unique needs of students who significantly differ physically, mentally, or socially from their peers. It is diagnostic, intervention-based, and aims to support students through individualized education programs in the least restrictive environment possible with parental participation. The scope of special education covers various disabilities including learning disabilities, intellectual disabilities, and physical disabilities.

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Ireen Jamayo
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154 views67 pages

Introduction To SPED

The document provides an overview of the course SPED 601 - Introduction to Special Education. It includes sections on concepts of special education, definitions, nature and characteristics, objectives, principles, and scope. Special education aims to meet the unique needs of students who significantly differ physically, mentally, or socially from their peers. It is diagnostic, intervention-based, and aims to support students through individualized education programs in the least restrictive environment possible with parental participation. The scope of special education covers various disabilities including learning disabilities, intellectual disabilities, and physical disabilities.

Uploaded by

Ireen Jamayo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

SPED 601

Introduction to
Special Education
3rd Trimester 2022
Regina E. Sitoy, LPT, [Link].D.
Diversity

Physical Structure

Psychological Make-up

Social tendencies

Education

Socio-economic backgrounds

Behavioural and emotional competencies


Table of contents
01 02 03
Concepts of SPED Definitions of SPED Nature &
Characteristics of SPED

04 05 06
Objectives of SPED Principles of SPED Scope of SPED
01: Concepts of Special Education
• Who: They are exceptional and significantly deviate from the normal people

• What: type of education that is specific and special in nature


• refers to the range of educational and social services provided by the
government, educational institutions, or non-government organizations
• Refers to the education of children who differ socially, physically, or mentally
from the average and requires modifications of the usual school practices
• Includes learning disabilities, communication disorders, emotional &
behavioural disorders, physical disabilities, developmental disabilities, and
others
02: DEFINITIONS
03: NATURE & CHARACTERISTICS
Meets the special needs and requirements of the exceptional or special
. children
Diagnostic in nature: diagnoses and identifies the nature and
degree of deviations of the children from their normal peers
. Intervention-based
Specific and specialized in nature
. Continuous and intensive in nature
Goal-directed
03: NATURE & CHARACTERISTICS
Research-oriented and experimental in nature: follows evidence-based
. practices
Measurable and testable in nature: use of various scientific tools and
techniques
. Universal in nature: covers all individuals without discrimination
04: OBJECTIVES OF SPED
04: OBJECTIVES OF SPED
05: PRINCIPLES OF SPED

• Individual differences
• Zero rejection
• Individualized education programme
• Least restrictive environment
• Parental participation
06: SCOPE OF SPED
Learning disabilities

Intellectual disabilities

Physical disabilities
Image taken from [Link]
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UNDERSTANDING
INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES
Images taken from [Link] and [Link]
Lauren Potter of Glee
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
Environmental and other causes
Sometimes an intellectual disability is caused by an environmental
factor or other causes. These causes can be quite varied but can
include:

ü Problems during pregnancy such as viral or bacterial infections


ü Complications during birth
ü Exposure to toxins such as lead or mercury
ü Complications from illnesses such as meningitis, measles or whooping
cough
ü Malnutrition
ü Exposure to alcohol and other drugs
ü Trauma
ü And even unknown causes
UNDERSTANDING
PHYSICAL DISABILITIES.
ACQUIRED
BRAIN
INJURY
SPINAL
CORD
INJURY
SPINA
BIFIDA
• genetic condition, which affects the
body’s respiratory, digestive, and
reproductive systems.

• specifically affects the mucus


and sweat glands in the body, causing
mucus to be thick and sticky.

• People with CF can also have


low salt levels in the body which causes
problems such as fatigue, cramps, and
dehydration.
D
w
a
r
f
i
s
m
References
Kazmi & Ali (2021). Textbook of Special Education. India: Progressive Publications
[Link]
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Images from
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