Sample Question Bank

Semester III (Rev) & Semester IV (Old)

Functional Analysis
1. Let (X, d) be a metric space. If every Cauchy sequence of points in X converges
to points in X is called

(a) *Complete metric space

(b) Banach space

(c) Euclidean space

(d) Normed linear space

2. If X is a topological space such that every intersection of a countable collection

of open dense sets in X is also dense in X, then X is a

(a) *Baire space

(b) Linear space

(c) Quotient space

(d) Banach space

3. Every point of the Cantor set is also an accumulation point of the of

the Cantor set.

(a) intersection

(b) *complement

(c) union

(d) none of the above

4. The dual of c0 (the space of all sequences which converge to 0, with the sup
norm) is

1
 (a) `2

(b) `∞

(c) `p , 2 < p < ∞

(d) *`1

5. Normed linear space is called real normed linear space if

(a) F = C

(b) *F = R

(c) F 6= C

(d) F = Fp , a finite field

6. Every n-dimensional linear space L(F ) is isomorphic to

(a) *F n

(b) Rn

(c) Cn

(d) None of the above

7. Let F be a field. Then F k with the standard inner product is a

(a) Banach space

(b) *Hilbert space

(c) Dual space

(d) Normed space

8. The dual of `1 is

(a) `p , 1 < p < ∞

(b) `1

2
 (c) *`∞

(d) `2

9. The dual of `p , 1 < p < ∞ is

1 1
(a) *`q , 1 < q < ∞ with p
+ q
=1

(b) `1

(c) *`∞

(d) `2

10. Let M be a closed linear subspace of a normed space X. Then the natural norm
on the quotient space X/M is

(a) kx + M k ≥ inf kx + mk for m ∈ M

(b) *kx + M k = inf kx + mk for m ∈ M

(c) kx + M k = sup kx + mk for m ∈ M

(d) kx + M k ≥ sup kx + mk for m ∈ M

11. If X is a Hilbert space, then the quotient space X/M is isomorphic to the

(a) M

(b) M ⊥⊥

(c) *M ⊥

(d) X \ M

12. Let H be a Hilbert space, and suppose that e1 , e2 , e3 , . . . is an orthonormal

sequence in H. Then, for any x ∈ H
∞
X
(a) |hx, ek i|2 ≤ kxk
k=1
X∞
(b) * |hx, ek i|2 ≤ kxk2
k=1

3
 ∞
X
(c) |hx, ek i|2 > kxk2
k=1
X∞
(d) |hx, ek i|2 > kxk
k=1

13. If the dual spaces X 0 of X is separable then

(a) X is dual space

(b) *X is separable space

(c) X is T2 space

(d) X is T1 space

14. Let {ei } be an orthonormal set in Hilbert space H. If x ∈ H then the set
S = {ei : hx, ei i =
6 0} is

(a) empty

(b) countable

(c) *either empty or countable

(d) neither empty nor countable

15. If E is a subset of a Banach space X then the closure of the linear span E is

(a) *Banach space.

(b) Dual space

(c) Baires space

(d) Hilbert Space

16. Let X be a compact metric space and CF (X), the set of continuous F -valued
functions defined on X. Then the norm function k · k : CF (X) → R is defined
by

(a) kf k = inf{|f (x)| : x ∈ X}

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 (b) *kf k = sup{|f (x)| : x ∈ X}

(c) kf k = sup{|f (x)|2 : x ∈ X}

(d) none of the above.

17. A normed vector space which is complete under the metric associated with the
norm is called

(a) Dual space

(b) Normed linear space

(c) Hilbert space

(d) *Banach space

18. Let (xn ) be a sequence in a normed space X, and let (Sn ) be a sequence of
partial sums, where Sn = x1 + x2 + · · · + xn . If Sn converges to S, the infinite
∞
X
series xi is said to be convergent and if kx1 k + kx2 k + · · · converges then
i=1

∞
X
(a) is said to be convergent
i=1
X∞
(b) * is said to be absolutely convergent
i=1
∞
X
(c) is said to be absolutely convergent except unit norm.
i=1
X∞
(d) is said to be divergent
i=1

19. If a normed space X has the property that the closed unit ball M = {x ∈ X :
kxk ≤ 1} is compact, then

(a) X is infinite dimensional

(b) X is dual space with unit norm.

(c) *X is finite dimensional.

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 (d) none of the above

20. Let T be a linear operator. If dim Domain(T ) = n, then

(a) *dim Range(T ) ≤ n.

(b) dim Range(T ) ≥ n.

(c) dim Range(T ) = 0.

(d) dim Range(T ) = n.

21. Let X be the normed space of all polynomials on J = [0, 1] with kxk =
max |(x)|t . Then the differential operator T : X → X defined by T (x(t)) = x0 (t)
is

(a) a bounded linear operator

(b) *an unbounded linear operator.

(c) insufficient information

(d) none of the above

22. Two are said to be isomorphic if there is a bijective linear map that
preserves the norm between the two normed spaces.

(a) Vector space

(b) *Normed spaces

(c) Banach space

(d) None of the above

R1
23. Let X = C([0, 1]) and kf k1 = 0
|f (t)|dt is a norm on X. Then (X, k · k) is

(a) complete

(b) *not a Banach space

(c) a Banach space

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 (d) a sequence space

24. Let E be a norm linear space over F = R or C. Then kx + yk2 + kx − yk2 =

2(kxk2 + kyk2 ), x, y ∈ E is known as

(a) Pythagoras theorem

(b) triangle inequality

(c) Cauchy’s inequality

(d) *Parallelogram law

25. If B is a complex Banach space whose norm obeys the parallelogram law and
if an inner product h·, ·i is defined on B by identity 4hx, yi = kx + yk2 − kx −
yk2 + ikx + iyk2 − kx − iyk2 , then B is a

(a) Dual Space

(b) Banach Space

(c) *Hilbert Space

(d) Separable Space

26. The space C[0, 1] of continuous functions on [0, 1] is complete with respect to
the norm

(a) *kf k∞ := sup{|f (x)| : x ∈ [0, 1]}

Z 1
(b) kf k1 := |f (x)|dx
0
(c) kf k0,1
∞ := kf k∞ + |f (0)|
qR
1
(d) kf k2 := 0
|f (x)|2 dx

27. Let (X, k · k) be the normed linear space consisting of sequences a = {a(n)}∞
n=1
P∞ P∞
such that the series n=1 a(n) is absolutely convergent, with kak = n=1 |a(n)|.
Let ek denote the sequence in X whose k-th term is 1 and other terms are 0
and let E = {ek : k ∈ N}. Then

7
 (a) *X is complete in norm k · k

(b) E is unbounded subset of X

(c) E is an open subset of X

(d) E is a compact subset of X.

∞
X
2
28. Let ` = {x = (x1 , x2 , . . .) : xn ∈ C∀n ≥ 1 and |xn |2 < ∞} and en ∈ `2 be
n=1
the sequence whose n-th element is
v1 and all other elements are zero. Equip
u∞
uX
2
the space ` with the norm kxk = t |xn |2 . Then the set S = {en : n ≥ 1}
n=1

(a) is closed but not bounded

(b) is bounded but not closed

(c) *is closed and bounded

(d) is neither closed nor bounded.

29. Let H be a real Hilbert space and M ⊆ H be a closed linear subspace. Let
x0 ∈ H \ M . Let y0 ∈ M be such that kx0 − y0 k = inf{kx0 − yk : y ∈ M }. Then

(a) Such a y0 is not unique

(b) x0 ⊥ M

(c) y0 ⊥ M

(d) *x0 − y0 ⊥ M

30. Let ek denote the k-th coordinate vector (with 1 in k-th place, 0 elsewhere).
Which of the following subspace is NOT dense in `2 .

(a) span{e1 − e2 , e2 − e3 , e3 − e4 , . . .}

(b) span{2e1 − e2 , 2e2 − e3 , 2e3 − e4 , . . .}

(c) span{e1 , e2 , e3 , . . .}

(d) *span{e2 , e3 , e4 , . . .}

8
31. For a column vector x 6= 0 in Rn , define f : Mn (R) → R by f (A) = hA2 x, xi.
Then

(a) f is linear

(b) f is continuous but not differentiable

(c) f is differentiable and bounded

(d) *f is differentiable and unbounded

32. For V denote the vector space of all sequences a = (a1 , a2 , . . .) of real numbers
P n P n
such that 2 |an | converges. Define k · · · k : V → R by kak = 2 |an |. Then
which of the following is TRUE?

(a) V contains only the sequence {0, 0, 0, . . .}

(b) V is finite dimensional

(c) V has a countable linear basis

(d) *V is a complete normed space.

33. Let (X, k · k) be a normed space. Let {xn } and {yn } be two Cauchy sequences
in X. Then the sequence {an } where an = kxn − yn k is

(a) *a Convergence sequence

(b) not a Cauchy sequence

(c) not a convergence sequence

(d) not a bounded sequence

34. Let `∞ be a space of bounded real-valued sequences x = (x1 , . . . , xn , . . .) with

the norm kxk = supn |xn |. Then

(a) `∞ = (`1 )∗ and `1 = (`∞ )∗

(b) `∞ 6= (`1 )∗ and `1 = (`∞ )∗

(c) *`∞ = (`1 )∗ and `1 6= (`∞ )∗

9
 (d) `∞ 6= (`1 )∗ and `1 6= (`∞ )∗

35. Which of the following statement is TRUE?

(a) The set of all polynomials with the supreme norm is a normed vector space
which is also a Banach space

(b) The set of all polynomials with the supreme norm is not a normed vector
space

(c) C([0, 1]) with the L1 -norm is a normed vector space which is also a Banach
space

(d) *C([0, 1]) with the L1 -norm is a normed vector space which is not a Banach
space

36. Which of the following statement is TRUE?

(a) `1 with the standard `1 norm is a separable Banach space whose dual space
is also separable

(b) *`1 with the standard `1 norm is a separable Banach space whose dual
space is not separable

(c) `1 with the standard `1 norm is not a separable Banach space

(d) `1 with the standard `1 norm is not a Banach space

37. Which of the following statement is FALSE?

(a) Empty subset of a normed space is a convex set

(b) Any subsspace of a normed space is a convex set

(c) *Any subset of a normed space is a convex set

(d) Intersection of family of convex subsets of a normed space is convex.

38. If X is a normed linear space and Y is a Banach space, then B(X, Y ) is

(a) Normed linear Space.

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 (b) *Banach space

(c) Separable space

(d) none of the above

39. If X and Y are normed linear spaces and T is an isometry from X onto Y , then
T is called

(a) homeomorphism

(b) isometric inverse

(c) *isometric isomorphism

(d) none of the above

40. If X and Y are normed linear spaces and T ∈ B(X, Y ) is invertible, then for
all x ∈ X

(a) *kT xk ≥ kT −1 k−1 kxk

(b) kT xk ≤ kT −1 k−1 kxk

(c) kT xk ≥ kT −1 kkxk

(d) none of the above

41. Let X be a normed space. Linear transformations from X to F are called linear
functionals. The space B(X, F ) is called

(a) Banach space

(b) *Dual space

(c) Hilbert space

(d) none of the above

42. If a normed space X is finite dimensional, then every linear operator on X is

(a) *bounded.

11
 (b) unbounded

(c) cant say

(d) none of the above

43. Let X, Y and Z be normed linear spaces. If T ∈ B(X, Y ) and S ∈ B(Y, Z),
then

(a) *ST ∈ B(X, Z) and kST k ≤ kSkkT k

(b) ST ∈ B(X, Z) and kST k < kSkkT k

(c) ST ∈ B(X, Z) and kST k ≥ kSkkT k

(d) ST ∈ B(X, Z) and kST k =

6 kSkkT k

44. The differentiation operator T on a Banach space is

(a) Both linear and bounded

(b) *Linear but not bounded

(c) Bounded but not linear

(d) Neither bounded nor linear

45. The matrix operator T on a Banach space is

(a) *Both linear and bounded

(b) Linear but not bounded

(c) Bounded but not linear

(d) Neither bounded nor linear

46. If bounded linear operator B(X, Y ) is Banach and X is nontrivial, then

(a) *Y is Banach space

(b) Y is complete

(c) Y is Hilbert space

12
 (d) X is complete

47. Let X be a Banach space and Y a normed vector space. If T ∈ B(X, Y ) is

invertible, then

(a) Both T and T ∗ are not bounded below

(b) *Both T and T ∗ are bounded below

(c) T is bounded below, but T ∗ is not

(d) T ∗ is bounded below, but T is not

48. Let X and Y be Banach spaces. Then

(a) If Im(T ) is closed then Im(T ∗ ) is not closed

(b) If Im(T ∗ ) is closed then Im(T ) is not closed

(c) If Im(T ) is closed then Im(T ∗ ) is closed

(d) both (a) and (b) are true

49. Let X and Y be normed linear spaces over a field K(= R or C) and B(X, Y )
be the normed linear space of all bounded linear transformation on X into Y
then

(a) If B(X, Y ) is a Banach space then X is a Banach space

(b) If B(X, Y ) is a Banach space then Y is a Banach space

(c) If X is a Banach space then B(X, Y ) is a Banach space

(d) *If Y is a Banach space then B(X, Y ) is a Banach space

50. Suppose that T : X → Y is a one-to-one, onto bounded linear map between

Banach spaces X, Y . Then T −1 : Y → X is bounded. This is known as

(a) closed graph theorem

(b) *open mapping theorem

13
 (c) uniform boundedness theorem

(d) inverse function theorem

51. If f : X → Y is a map between topological spaces then the graph of f is the

set Gr(f ) := {(x, f (x)) : x ∈ X} is closed. This is known as

(a) Open mapping theorem

(b) *Closed graph theorem

(c) Baires category theorem

(d) Inverse function theorem

52. Let G = {(x, f (x)) : 0 ≤ x ≤ 1} be the graph of a real valued differentiable

function f . Assume that (1, 0) ∈ G. Suppose that the tangent vector to G at
any points is perpendicular to the radius vector at that point. Then which of
the following is true?

(a) G is the arc of an ellipse

(b) *G is the arc of a circle

(c) G is the line segment

(d) G is the arc of a parabola

53. Let X be a separable Banach space. Then X is isometrically isomorphic to a

quotient space of

(a) `∞

(b) `p , 2 < p < ∞

(c) `2

(d) *`1

54. Let X and Y be Banach spaces, and T : X → Y be a bounded linear map.

Which of the following is the statement of the Open Mapping Theorem?

14
 (a) T is open =⇒ T is injective

(b) T is injective =⇒ T is open

(c) T is open =⇒ T is surjective

(d) *T is surjective =⇒ T is open

55. Which of the following maps is not open?

(a) *f : R : f (x1 , . . . , xn ) = (x1 , . . . , xn , 0)

(b) f : Rn+1 → Rn : f (x1 , . . . , xn , xn+1 ) = (x1 , . . . , xn )

56. Let X and Y be normed linear spaces, and T : X → Y a linear map. Which of
the following implies that T is closed ⇐⇒ T is bounded?

(a) *Both X and Y are complete

(b) X is complete, but Y is not

(c) Y is complete, but X is not

(d) Both X and Y are not complete

57. Which of the following maps does not have a closed graph?

(a) f : X → Y, f (x) = x, where X = R with the Euclidean topology and

Y = R with the discrete topology

(b) *f : X → X, f (x) = x, where X is a T1 -space


 1 x 6= 0,

x
(c) f : R → R, f (x) = , where both Rs have the Euclidean topol-
0 x = 0

ogy

(d) None of the above

58. Let X be a normed linear space, and let X ∗ denote its dual space. Consider the
following two statements:

15
 (P) X ∗ is separable =⇒ X is separable.

(Q) X is separable =⇒ X ∗ is separable.

Which of the following is correct?

(a) Both (P) and (Q) are true

(b) *(P) is true, but (Q) is false

(c) (P) is false, but (Q) is true

(d) Both (P) and (Q) are false

59. Consider the following two statements:

(P) A nonempty subset X of a normed linear space X is bounded.

(Q) f (X) is bounded for each f ∈ X ∗ .

Which of the following implications is true?

(a) *(P) ⇐⇒ (Q)

(b) (P) ⇒ (Q), but (Q) 6⇒ (P)

(c) (Q) ⇒ (P), but (P) 6⇒ (Q)

(d) (P) and (Q) are unrelated

60. Let lp denote the space of all sequences of real numbers x = (x1 , . . . ) with
p
P
i |xi | < ∞. Which of the following statements is false?

(a) lp∗ = lq , where 1

p
+ 1
q
=1

(b) l2∗ = l2

(c) l1∗ = l∞
∗
(d) *l∞ = l1

61. Let p, q ∈ N be such that lp∗ = lq . Which of the following statements is true?

16
 1 1
(a) p
− q
=1

(b) * p1 + 1
q
=1

(c) p = 1, q = 2

(d) p = q = 1

62. Let c0 denote the space of all sequences of real numbers converging to 0. Which
of the following is the dual c∗0 of c0 ?

(a) *l1

(b) l2

(c) l∞

(d) c0

63. Let lpn denote the space of real n-tuples x = (x1 , . . . , xn ) with the norm

n
! p1
X
kxk = |xi |p .
i=1

Consider the following two statements:

(P) (l1n )∗ = l∞
n
.
n ∗
(Q) (l∞ ) = l1n .

Which of the following is correct?

(a) *Both (P) and (Q) are true

(b) (P) is true, but (Q) is false

(c) (P) is false, but (Q) is true

(d) Both (P) and (Q) are false

64. Which of the following statements is true?

(a) There exists a Hilbert space that is not a Banach space

17
(b) l1 is a Hilbert space

(c) Every Hilbert space is not complete

(d) *None of the above

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