ROHOJ NAARETURUJEK ISALUKIRTAM JELOK
510 BE | 510 EE | 510 ME | 510 AE
5.4 SMART
MATERIAL
TOPIC 5 : ENGINEERING MATERIAL
A) Define smart materials.
B) Describe advantage of
SEMOCTUO GNINRAEL
smart materials.
C) Discuss examples and
applications of smart materials:
Shape Memory Alloy
(Actuators)
Self-healing Paint (Self-
healing)
Photochromic Materials
(colour changing)
Thermochromic
Thermometer/
Thermomechanical
(temperature responsive);
Photovoltaic Material.
DEFINITION
Smart Materials, also called intelligent or responsive
materials
They are designed materials that have one or more
properties that can be significantly changed in a
controlled fashion by external stimuli, such as stress,
moisture, electric or magnetic fields, light, temperature,
pH or chemical compounds.
DEFINITION
Nowadays, there are different types of smart materials
and new ones arise every day. Among them, the
following should be highlighted:
Self Memory Alloy
Self Healing Paint
Photochromic materials
Thermochromic thermometer
Photovoltaics material
SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY
A Shape-Memory Alloy(SMAs) is an alloy that can be
deformed when cold but returns to its pre-deformed
("remembered") shape when heated.
In other words, the material remembers original shape
and returns when heated.
It may also be called Memory Metal, Memory Alloy, Smart
Metal, Smart Alloy, or Muscle Wire
SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY
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SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY
Parts made of Shape Memory Alloys can be lightweight,
solid-state alternatives to conventional actuators such as
hydraulic, pneumatic, and motor-based systems. They
can also be used to make hermetic joints in metal
tubing.
The two most prevalent Shape-memory Alloys are
Copper-Aluminium-Nickel and Nickel-Titanium (NiTior
Nitinol), but SMAs can also be created by alloying zinc,
copper, gold and iron
High strength
EPAHS FO SEGATNAVDA Good elasticity
Fatigue Resistance
YOLLA YROMEM
Wear resistance
Easy fabrication
High Power/weight ratio
Light weight
Shape memory
Grab tiny foreign objects for
removal from the body
Facilitates access to intricate
regions of the body
APPLICATION OF SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY
Bioengineering applications
Dental braces, and open clogged veins and arteries
APPLICATION OF SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY
Civil engineering
Dampen vibrations in
bridge structure.
Aerospace applications
Lightweight actuators
used in folding the outer
portions of wings during
flight.
SELF-HEALING PAINT
Self-Healing / Repairing Paints and Coatings may bring
in self-healing / repairing functions to the metal, wood,
concrete, composite and even textile surfaces.
When a scratch or crack occurs in paints and coatings, a
rupture/tears occurs at the microscopic level in the
polymeric chain.
Basically, Self-Healing Paints and Coatings repair these
ruptures / tears in an autonomic or semi-autonomic way
by using various technologies and mechanisms.
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-FLES FO SEGATNAVDA Minimizing the production cost of
various industrial processes
TNIAP GNILAEH
required for repairing damage.
Prolonging the service life of the
materials
Reducing the inefficiency of the
materials due to degradation.
Cars & Vehicles coating
Smart phones
Aerospace
APPLICATION OF
Defences And Military
Equipment SELF HEALING
Industrial Structural
Steel Surfaces and PAINT
Textile Products.
PHOTOCHROMIC MATERIALS
Photochromic materials are
transparent materials which
exhibit increased light
absorption when they are
exposed to light.
They can be optical glasses or
plastic materials.
The photochromic properties
usually result from the
addition of a photochromic
substance to a transparent
material.
SLAIRETAM CIMROHCOTOHP
Adapt to environmental changes
FO SEGATNAVDA
(indoor, outdoor, high or low
brightness).
Provide greater comfort, since
they reduce eyestrain and glare in
the sun.
Provide protection against
harmful UV rays.
Available in different colours.
Sunglasses (merged
with eyeglasses)
Data storage (terabyte
APPLICATION OF
optical data)
Novelty items (e.g. Toys PHOTOCHROMIC
and cosmetics)
Solar energy storage MATERIALS
THERMOCHROMIC THERMOMETER
Thermochromic thermometer is a type of thermometer
that contains heat-sensitive (thermochromics) liquid
crystals in a plastic strip that change colour to indicate
different temperatures. The resolution of liquid crystal
sensors is in the 0.1°C range.
Thermochromics inks or dyes are temperature sensitive
compounds, that temporarily change color with
exposure to heat. They come in two forms, liquid crystals
and leuco dyes.
CIMORHCOMREHT FO SEGATNAVDA Reversible and can be repeated
many times
Change color in response to
RETEMOMREHT
temperature fluctuations
Inexpensive
Long-lasting
Resilient
Easy to apply
No maintenance required
Exterior of aquariums
APPLICATION OF
Measure body
temperature THERMOCHROMIC
Battery tester
THERMOMETER
PHOTOVOLTAICS MATERIALS
Photovoltaics material or solar cells used to convert light
energy to electrical energy that exhibit the photovoltaic
effect.
Photovoltaic power generation employs solar modules
composed of a number of solar cells containing a
semiconductor material.
Photovoltaic modules are used for grid-connected systems
for power generation. In this case an inverter is required to
convert the DC to AC.
SLAIRETAM SCIATLOVOTOHP
Pollution-free during use
FO SEGATNAVDA
Operate for 100 years or even
more with
Little maintenance or intervention
Reducing transmission
/distribution losses
Power Generation
Rooftop and building
integrated systems
Rural electrification
Standalone systems
APPLICATION OF
(e.g. solar lamps and
emergency PHOTOVOLTAICS
telephones)
Vehicles MATERIALS
Spacecraft applications
(e.g. International
Space Station)
END OF
NOTES.
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