NAME: AIRAGEN L. MARCOJOS YR.

& SECTION: BA 1G
 particularly refers to a set of fundamental
principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organizationis
governed It is important because it serves as the framework and basis of all
other laws. Furthermore, it outlines the rights of the citizens and it protects us from unlawful
persecutions even from our own government.
The Constitution of the Philippines, also called the
or as popularly known as the 1987 Constitution, is the constitution or
supreme law of the Republic of the Philippines adopted on October 15, 1986 and ratified on
February 2, 1987 under the administration of former President Corazón C. Aquino. Philippine
constitutional law experts recognize three other previous constitutions as having effectively
governed the country, namely, the 1935 Commonwealth Constitution, the 1973 Constitution,
and the 1986 Freedom Constitution (Yusay, 2015).

LESSON 1.1.1 Citizenship Training

The Preamble
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the session, students are expected to:

a. ;
b. discuss the significant role of the preamble in a particular constitution;
c. .

INTRODUCTION
A preamble is
statement in a document that explains the document's purpose and underlying philosophy.
When applied to the opening paragraphs of a statute, it may recite historical facts pertinent to
the subject of the statute. Meanwhile, it is distinct from the long title or enacting formula of a
law.

the Constitutions or a source of rights. But it can certainly be referred to in knowing the aims
or purposes of the Constitutions. The Preamble, according to Dean Vicente Sinco (1958),
performs a vital function in a constitution. Its value is not merely formal but real and
substantive. It is to the constitution what the enacting clause is to a statue. The authenticity of
the authorship of the constitution is made patent in the preamble. Without this or something
equivalent to it, the source of authority that gives valid force to the constitutional mandates
may lie concealed, perhaps left to the dangers of uncertain conjectures.
1. What do you think is the difference between general welfare and common good?
I think the general welfare grant by a country from having the power to
make laws such as a company, college or city is founded and its power and concession
defined. While, common good defines members of society. For me example the Don
Bosco Training Center-Mati which is underrruled of the Salesian Community they
provide scholarship almost of the schooler who struggle financially. In order to fulfulds
that all of them can pull-through their learning or studies and this is “ikinabubuti ng
lahat”.

2. In your opinion, is there really no one is above the law?

There is no one is above the law except the supreme being of the divine
law.

3. What do you think s meant by the passage?

“A government of the people, by the people and for the people”.
If there are no people we don’t have government. In that sense those two are being
interconnected. All the people have the right to choose their leaders and we must be
responsible by choosing the great one.
 As it was said that preamble performs a vital function in a constitution. Its value is not
merely formal but real and substantive. It is to the constitution what the enacting clause is to a
statue. The authenticity of the authorship of the constitution is made patent in the preamble.
Without this or something equivalent to it, the source of authority that gives valid force to the
constitutional mandates may lie concealed, perhaps left to the dangers of uncertain
conjectures (Sinco, 1958). general welfare
common good . Thus, all
efforts and rules of society and government should be for the welfare of all, without

democra independence even in the presence of democratic beliefs and practices. Meanwhile,
also found in the preamble, an amendment by Bishop Teodoro Bacani, to assert the need for
love in the face of divisions and discords that take place among our people because of
varying political and social beliefs, practices, and persuasions. Moreover, the previous phrase
imploring the aid of Divine Providence now appears more personal and direct. And by
invoking God in the preamble, Jose Laurel, Sr.

unfaltering reliance upon Him who guides th

 At the end of the session, students are expected to:

a. enumerate the classifications of rights ;

b. explain the significance of ;
c. recite the Constitutional rights stipulated under Article III of the 1987
Constitution of the Philippines.

INTRODUCTION
The Article III of the Philippine Constitution, 1987 Constitution in particular, is the
Bill of Rights. It establishes the relationship of the individual to the State and defines the
rights of the individual by limiting the lawful powers of the State. It is one of the most
important political achievements of the Filipinos.
The concept of a Bill of Rights, as such, is essentially an occidental product. For a
number of centuries in British, French, and American political thought, there has grown the
conviction that the rights of the individual must be preserved and safeguarded, not through
the authority of an individual, not through membership in a particular group or party, not
through reliance upon force of arms, but rather through the accepted processes of declared
constitutional law (Smith, 1945).
Such being said, it is henceforth truthful to say that the Bill of Rights is a

Constitution is designed to protect against violation by the government, or by individual or

groups of individuals. It is a charter of liberties for the individual and a limitation upon the
power of the State.
On the following page, all the rights stipulated in the twenty two (22) sections under
Article 3 of the Philippine Constitution are provided. To simply put, there are three (3)
general classifications of rights: the natural rights, the constitutional rights, and the statutory
rights. Natural rights are those possessed by every citizen without being granted by the State
for they are given to man by God as human being created to His image that he may live a
happy life. On the other hand, Constitutional rights are those that are conferred and protected
by the Constitution while the Statutory rights are those that are provided by law, promulgated
by the law-making body and consequently may be abolished by the same body. These latter
rights may be: (1) political rights which basically refer to the power to participate directly or
indirectly in the establishment or administration of the government; (2) civil rights or the law
which secures private individuals for the purpose of securing enjoyment of their means of
happiness; (3) social and economic rights which are intended to insure the well being and
economic security of an individual; and (4) rights of the accused which are intended for the
protection of a person accused of any crime
(Rich-Saber, 2014)
 In the memorable words of Thomas Jefferson, it was mentioned that were created
equal and independent that from equal creation, they derive rights inherent and unalienable,
among which is the right to the preservation of life, liberty
As such, these rights were preserved by the
government by virtue of Article III of the 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the
Philippines accessed from the Presidential Communications Operations Office (PCOO)
EDP/IT Division (2020).

The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines

Article III
Bill of Rights

Section 1. No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law,
nor shall any person be denied the equal protection of the laws.
Section 2. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects
against unreasonable searches and seizures of whatever nature and for any purpose shall be
inviolable, and no search warrant or warrant of arrest shall issue except upon probable cause
to be determined personally by the judge after examination under oath or affirmation of the
complainant and the witnesses he may produce, and particularly describing the place to be
searched and the persons or hings to be seized.
Section 3. (1) The privacy of communication and correspondence shall be inviolable except
upon lawful order of the court, or when public safety or order requires otherwise, as
prescribed by law.
(2) Any evidence obtained in violation of this or the preceding section shall be
inadmissible for any purpose in any proceeding.
Section 4. No law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech, of expression, or of the
press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble and petition the government for
redress of grievances.
Section 5. No law shall be made respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the
free exercise thereof. The free exercise and enjoyment of religious profession and worship,
without discrimination or preference, shall forever be allowed. No religious test shall be
required for the exercise of civil or political rights.
Section 6. The liberty of abode and of changing the same within the limits prescribed by law
shall not be impaired except upon lawful order of the court. Neither shall the right to travel be
impaired except in the interest of national security, public safety, or public health, as may be
provided by law.
Section 7. The right of the people to information on matters of public concern shall be
recognized. Access to official records, and to documents and papers pertaining to official
acts, transactions, or decisions, as well as to government research data used as basis for
policy development, shall be afforded the citizen, subject to such limitations as may be
provided by law.
Section 8. The right of the people, including those employed in the public and private sectors,
to form unions, associations, or societies for purposes not contrary to law shall not be
abridged.
Section 9. Private property shall not be taken for public use without just compensation.
Section 10. No law impairing the obligation of contracts shall be passed.
Section 11. Free access to the courts and quasi-judicial bodies and adequate legal assistance
shall not be denied to any person by reason of poverty.
Section 12. (1) Any person under investigation for the commission of an offense shall have
the right to be informed of his right to remain silent and to have competent and independent
counsel preferably of his own choice. If the person cannot afford the services of counsel, he
must be provided with one. These rights cannot be waived except in writing and in the
presence of counsel.
(2) No torture, force, violence, threat, intimidation, or any other means which
vitiate the free will shall be used against him. Secret detention places, solitary,
incommunicado, or other similar forms of detention are prohibited.
(3) Any confession or admission obtained in violation of this or Section 17 hereof
shall be inadmissible in evidence against him.
(4) The law shall provide for penal and civil sanctions for violations of this
section as well as compensation to and rehabilitation of victims of torture or similar practices,
and their families.
Section 13. All persons, except those charged with offenses punishable by reclusion perpetua
when evidence of guilt is strong, shall, before conviction, be bailable by sufficient sureties, or
be released on recognizance as may be provided by law. The right to bail shall not be
impaired even when the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus is suspended. Excessive bail
shall not be required.
Section 14. (1) No person shall be held to answer for a criminal offense without due process
of law.
(2) In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall be presumed innocent until the
contrary is proved, and shall enjoy the right to be heard by himself and counsel, to be
informed of the nature and cause of the accusation against him, to have a speedy, impartial,
and public trial, to meet the witnesses face to face, and to have compulsory process to secure
the attendance of witnesses and the production of evidence in his behalf. However, after
arraignment, trial may proceed notwithstanding the absence of the accused provided that he
has been duly notified and his failure to appear is unjustifiable.
Section 15. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended except in cases
of invasion or rebellion when the public safety requires it.
Section 16. All persons shall have the right to a speedy disposition of their cases before all
judicial, quasi-judicial, or administrative bodies.
Section 17. No person shall be compelled to be a witness against himself.
Section 18. (1) No person shall be detained solely by reason of his political beliefs and
aspirations.
(2) No involuntary servitude in any form shall exist except as a punishment for a
crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted.
Section 19. (1) Excessive fines shall not be imposed, nor cruel, degrading or inhuman
punishment inflicted. Neither shall the death penalty be imposed, unless, for compelling
reasons involving heinous crimes, the Congress hereafter provides for it. Any death penalty
already imposed shall be reduced to reclusion perpetua.
(2) The employment of physical, psychological, or degrading punishment against any
prisoner or detainee or the use of substandard or inadequate penal facilities under subhuman
conditions shall be dealt with by law.
Section 20. No person shall be imprisoned for debt or non-payment of a poll tax.
Section 21. No person shall be twice put in jeopardy of punishment for the same offense. If an
act is punished by a law and an ordinance, conviction or acquittal under either shall constitute
a bar to another prosecution for the same act.
Section 22. No ex post facto law or bill of attainder shall be enacted.

LESSON 1.1.3 Citizenship Training

Duties and Responsibilities

of a Filipino Citizen
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the session, students are expected to:

a. identify their individual duties and responsibilities as a member of the

society;
b. reflect on what they have done and what they could still do for the
nation-building;
c.
responsibilities as a Filipino citizen.

INTRODUCTION
Since forever until nowadays, it is observed that most of us, Filipinos, are more
concerned with our rights and entitlements as citizens than with our duties and obligations to
our nation and government.
someone seems to step over our sotend
to just overlook theirs.

In such a case, perhaps, the proposed Bill of Duties to Complement the Bill of Rights
in our 1987 Constitution is of great relevance. In the Draft Constitution for a Federal
Republic of the Philippines with a Parliamentary Government, the CMFP proposed a new
Bill of Duties and Obligations to complement the Bill of Rights in the 1987 Constitution so as
to make it clear to the Filipino citizens that accompanying our
is and should be required to
perform. It was thought that the Article on the Bill of Rights and the proposed Article on the
Bill of Duties and Obligations would be very helpful in the civic education and training of
responsible and accountable citizens and leaders. While respecting freedom of worship, it is
development to round out their civic and political education.

PREPARE YOUR MIND!

The teacher will ask the students the following preparatory questions:

1. What should Filipinos pay to the government?

2. It is the duty and responsibility of Filipino citizens to take care and conserve our ________.
3. Every student should _________ well and become a productive individual.
4. All Filipinos have the right to _______ and choose candidates who can serve the people and our
country.
1. The bill of rights.
2. Patrimony.
3. Every student should have to do their duties extraordinarily and study well.
4. Elect or Vote.

PRESENTATION
John F. Kennedy once said in

Our society today seems to suffer from an excess of selfish individualism (wala akong
paki-alam sa inyo; bahala na kayo); materialism (materialismo, hindi espiritual); and
secularism (makamundo, hindi maka-Diyos).

On the other hand, we have these important reminders over many years. muna, bago
ang sarili! reminder to all Filipinos as a sign of our love of country. Dr. Jose Rizal (1892)
said: moral
n his Dekalogo (1893), Andres
Bonifacio God is the love of country,
Furthermore, Apolinario
Mabini suggested to p
a kingdom of reason, justice and labor, for if she is happy, happy will also be thou or his part,
Manuel L. Quezon emphasized that
we must imbue our whole citizenry with a spirit of heroic patriotism. For a country as
small and with such limited wealth as the Philippines, ordinary patriotism is not enough to
insure its security. Heroic patriotism is necessary a patriotism that is devotion, loyalty, and
courage that rises to the heights of self-

Being the biggest congregation in the Philippines, the Catholic Church stressed
thatFilipinism, which is nationalism for Filipinos, means hard work and
generous sacrifice for the welfare of the Philippines in the temporal order, genuine love of
Filipino culture in its nobler aspects, sincere appreciation of our historic past, honesty in
public as well as in private life, mutual cooperation in common endeavors, scrupulous
administration of public affairs, faithful compliance with laws, unselfish acceptance of the
burden of services required by the nation, payment of taxes and

developing democracy, we should balance our emphasis on individual rights and privileges
with a much stronger sense of individual, collective and communitarian duties and
obligations. In this way, many more citizens can become patriotic, responsible and effective
citizens in solidarity with our kapwa Pilipino. We can then build a cohesive national
community, a working democracy, and a peaceful, nonkillng, just and humane society.

Accordingly, the Constitution for a Federal Republic of the Philippine (CMFP)

Draft Constitution headed by J.V. Abueva (2014) has Article V. Bill of Duties and
Obligations immediately after Article IV. Bill of Rights. To note, both the 1935 Constitution
and the 1987 Constitution do not have a Bill of Duties of the Filipino citizens.
 The proposed CMFP Article V. Bill of Duties and Obligations stipulates the
following:

SECTION 1. LOYALTY, OBEDIENCE, COOPERATION. It shall be the duty of the citizen

to be loyal to the Federal Republic of the Philippines and to honor the Philippine flag, to
defend the State and contribute to its development and welfare, to uphold the Constitution
and obey the laws, pay taxes, and cooperate with the duly constituted authorities in the
attainment and preservation of a peaceful, just, and orderly society.
SECTION 2. CORRELATIVE DUTY. The rights of the individual impose upon him or her
correlative duty to exercise them responsibly and with due regard for the rights of others.
SECTION 3. HUMAN LIFE, DIGNITY, RIGHTS. Citizens shall respect the life and dignity
of every human person and help uphold human rights whenever these are threatened or
violated. The State and the citizens shall prevent and prohibit the killing of humans in any
form and for whatever purpose.
SECTION 4. DUTY TO WORK. It shall be the duty of every citizen to engage in gainful
work and to work well to assure himself/herself and his/her family a life worthy of human
dignity.
SECTION 5. CIVIC, POLITICAL PARTICIPATION. It shall be the duty and obligation of
every citizen qualified to vote to register and cast his or her vote at every election, to
participate actively in other public and civic affairs, and to contribute to good governance,
honesty and integrity in the public service and the vitality and viability of democracy.
Citizens shall enhance their civic efficiency and political effectiveness by
-governmental organizations, civic
and professional associations, community associations, or political parties, as well as in
discussions on public issues.
SECTION 6. PROMOTE EQUITY, SOCIAL JUSTICE. In their own homes, in the
workplace, and in their various organizations and institutions, citizens shall cooperate in the
promotion of equity and social justice for the good of all.
SECTION 7. RESPONSIBILITY OF YOUTH. The youth shall assume their responsibility in
developing their social, economic, intellectual and moral well-being. They shall develop their
patriotism and nationalism and their civic and political competence in order to serve the
common good and national interest and their own welfare.
SECTION 8. HEALTH, ECOLOGY, ENVIRONMENT. Citizens shall exercise their right to
a balanced and healthful ecology, and contribute to the maintenance of a clean, enjoyable and
sustainable environment.

DO THIS ACTIVITY:
 Below is a roster of duties and responsibilities. Pick at least five (5) which you think
are the most important ones to be prioritized. Justify your answer/s by citing a sample
situation.

1. Follow traffic rules. 12. Respect other Filipinos, especially 2. Be punctual and do not the
elders.
procrastinate. 13. Build a good relationship with your 3. Ask for a BIR official receipt.
neighbors.
4. Pay your tax. 14. Help your own town achieve
5. Be a responsible parent. progress.
6. Love your husband or wife. 15. Give support to our countrymen.
7. Conserve water and energy. 16. Be a responsible worker.
8. Protect our environment. 17. Love your employees.
9. Report crimes. 18. Make your customers happy.
10. Obey the laws and local 19. Be a responsible netizen. ordinances. 20. Make an honest
vote.
11. Be kind to our foreign visitors.

1. MAKE AN HONEST VOTE. Andres Bonifacio said; “always bear in mind that the true
love of God is the love of country and that this love is also the true love of fellowmen”.
So that all Filipinos should have to vote wisely, choose God and our country. Let us
choose candidates who is truly sincere to serve our country.

2. PROTECT OUR ENVIRONMENT. We must have to be responsible as a human in

order to protect our environment, there are simple things that we can do tom help it by
following the R’s REDUCE, REUSE, and RECYCLE. Plant more trees and let us avoid
illegal logging, be a educated person, be a influencer to others and show the value and
the importance of our natural resources.

3. OBEY THE LAW AND LOCAL ORDINANCIES. If everyone of us obey the law there
is a unity, love and peace. In this way, we can avoid the chaos in our country.

4. REORT CRIMES. As a Filipino citizen, I would rather suppress the crime than to
continue wrongdoings and that’s people should do. Let us not allow evil to prevail.

5. RESPECT OTHER FILIPINOS, especially the elders. Everyone of us deserve respect

and for me you are not a true Filipino if you are disrespectful person.
 REFERENCE/S
Abueva, J.V. (2014). Our Rights and Duties as Citizens. The Bohol Chronicle.
Retrieved September 2020 from
[Link]

Presidential Communications Operations Office (PCOO) EDP/IT Division (2020).

The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines Article III. The
Philippine Constitutions. Retrieved September 2020 from
[Link]
therepublic-of-the-philippines/the-1987-constitution-of-the-republic-of-
thephilippines-article-iii/

Rich-Saber, E. (2014). Concept of Bill of Rights (Philippines). SlideShare: Law.

Retrieved September 2020 from [Link]
concept-of-bill-of-rights.

Sinco, V. G. (1958). Creative Commons Attribution. [Link]. Retrieved

September 2020 from [Link]

Smith, R. (1945). The Philippine Bill of Rights. The Far Eastern Quarterly, 4(2),
170181. doi:10.2307/2048968

Yusay, K.L. (2015). Constitution Summary. Report on Philippine Constitution.

Retrieved
September 5, 2020 from [Link]