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CAMS Theory

The cam and follower mechanism converts rotational motion of the cam into oscillating or reciprocating motion of the follower. The cam is a rotating element that imparts motion to the follower through line contact. Cams are commonly used in machinery to operate valves, cut paper, and control textile machinery. Cams can be classified based on the contact surface, motion imparted, or path of the follower motion. Common motions imparted to the follower include uniform velocity, simple harmonic, uniform acceleration/retardation, and cycloidal.

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330 views16 pages

CAMS Theory

The cam and follower mechanism converts rotational motion of the cam into oscillating or reciprocating motion of the follower. The cam is a rotating element that imparts motion to the follower through line contact. Cams are commonly used in machinery to operate valves, cut paper, and control textile machinery. Cams can be classified based on the contact surface, motion imparted, or path of the follower motion. Common motions imparted to the follower include uniform velocity, simple harmonic, uniform acceleration/retardation, and cycloidal.

Uploaded by

Surya RS
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

CAMS

•A cam is a rotating machine element which gives reciprocating or oscillating motion

to another element known as follower.

•The driver is called the cam and the driven member is called the follower

•The cam and the follower have a line contact and constitute a higher pair. The cams

are usually rotated at uniform speed by a shaft, but the follower motion is

predetermined and will be according to the shape of the cam.

•The cam and follower is one of the simplest as well as one of the most important

mechanisms found in modern machinery today.

• for operating the inlet and exhaust valves of IC engines

• automatic attachment of machineries

• paper cutting machines

• spinning and weaving textile machineries

• feed mechanism of automatic lathes etc.


Classification of Followers
1. According to the surface in contact
a. Knife edge follower
b. Roller follower
c. Flat faced or mushroom follower
d. Spherical faced follower
2. According to the motion of the follower
a. Reciprocating or translating follower
b. Oscillating or rotating follower
3. According to the path of motion of the follower
a. Radial follower
b. Off-set follower
2. According to the motion of the follower
a. Oscillating or rotating follower
b. Reciprocating or translating follower
Classification of cams
1. Radial or disc cam
2. Cylindrical cam
Terms Used in Radial Cams

Base circle: It is the smallest circle that can be drawn to the cam profile.
Trace point: It is a reference point on the follower and is used to generate the pitch
curve.
Note: In case of knife edge follower, the knife edge represents the trace point and
the pitch curve corresponds to the cam profile. In a roller follower, the centre of the
roller represents the trace point.
Pressure angle: It is the angle between the direction of the follower motion and a
normal to the pitch curve. This angle is very important in designing a cam profile. If
the pressure angle is too large, a reciprocating follower will jam in its bearings.
Pitch point: It is a point on the pitch curve having the maximum pressure angle.
Pitch circle: It is a circle drawn from the centre of the cam through the pitch points.
Pitch curve: It is the curve generated by the trace point as the follower moves
relative to the cam. For a knife edge follower, the pitch curve and the cam profile
are same whereas for a roller follower, they are separated by the radius of the roller.
Prime circle: It is the smallest circle that can be drawn from the centre of the cam
and tangent to the pitch curve. For a knife edge and a flat face follower, the prime
circle and the base circle are identical. For a roller follower, the prime circle is
larger than the base circle by the radius of the roller.
Lift or stroke: It is the maximum travel of the follower from its
lowest position to the topmost position.
MOTION OF THE FOLLOWER
The follower, during its travel, may have one of the following
motions.

1. Uniform Velocity

2. Simple Harmonic Motion [SHM]

3. Uniform Acceleration and Retardation Motion [UARM]

4. Cycloidal Motion
Uniform Velocity
Simple Harmonic Motion
Uniform Acceleration and Retardation Motion [UARM]
Cycloidal Motion

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