Engineering
Materials
Technology
A Review
Engineering
Materials
Technology
A Review
Outline
I. Introduction
II. Definition of terms
IV. Family or Classes of Materials
III. Classes of Properties
a. Metals and Alloys
a. Economic
b. Polymers
b. General Physical
c. Ceramics and glasses
c. Mechanical
d. Composites
d. Thermal
e. Natural materials
e. Electrical and Magnetic
f. Environmental Interaction
g. Production
h. Aesthetic
I.
INTRODUCTION
We live in world of materials
world made up of an unlimited
number of different materials
advancements thru technological
improvements from discoveries
and developments in engineering
materials
We are in an age of materials
interest in and understanding
about enhancing our lives by
upgrading materials and
materials processing for finer
designed goods has exploded in
recent decades
II.
DEFINITION OF
TERMS
(the terms we learned so far)
a. Materials
- their properties that are useful in structures, machines,
devices, products, and systems
- AKA “the matter of the universe”
b. Engineering Materials
- umbrella term for all materials that go into products
and systems
c. Materials Engineering
- deals with synthesis
- aims to develop, prepare, modify, and apply materials
to specific needs in order to make them more useful
d. Properties
- when a material is exposed to an external force or
condition, it’s behavior is described by its properties
e. Materials Science & Engineering
- involves the generation and application of knowledge
re: composition, structure, processing, of materials to
their properties and uses.
- can be interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary
- the “science”: discovering the nature of materials
- the “engineering”: use of science to develop, prepare,
modify, and apply materials to meet specific needs
f. Engineering Materials Technology
- covers applied science relating to materials processing
- includes engineering specialties dealing with materials
such as research & development, design,
manufacturing, construction, and maintenance
III.
CLASSES OF
PROPERTIES
A. Economic
deal with supply and demand, price, cost,
production, competition, trade cycles, and material
availability
Ex. Silicon is quite cheap because it is
abundant and relatively easy to purify.
B. General Physical
those which can be observed without changing the
chemical nature of material
Ex.
• Density of materials
• Shape and size
• Specific gravity of materials
• Porosity of materials
C. Mechanical
help us to measure how materials behave under load.
Ex.
• Strength • Ductility
• Elasticity • Malleability
• Plasticity • Cohesion
• Hardness • Impact strength
• Toughness • Fatigue
• Brittleness • Creep
• Stiffness
D. Thermal
- Thermal properties are display by
material when heat is passed
through it.
· Heat capacity
· Thermal Expansion
· Thermal conductivity
· Thermal stress
F. Environmental Interaction
- It refers to the reaction of the
properties of materials when
face to the different
environmental factors.
• Corrosion
• Oxidation
• Wear
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E. Electrical and magnetic
- Electrical properties are their
ability to conduct electrical current.
Magnetic properties of material
are those which determine ability
of material for particular magnetic
application.
• Electrical resistivity
• Electrical Conductivity
• Dielectrics
• Magnetic Permeability
G. Production
- is the design, development,
implementation, operation,
maintenance, and control of
all processes in the
manufacture of a material.
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H. Aesthetic
- It refers to the
exterior structural
appearance of
materials with
regards to its color,
texture and the feel
of the material.
IV.
FAMILY/CLASSES OF
MATERIALS
METALS
Solids composed of atoms held together by a
matrix of electrons which are free to move
throughout the volume of the crystal.
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Metals
1. Combinations of metallic elements
2. Electrons are not bound to particular
atoms
a. Good conductors of electricity and
heat
b. Generally opaque to visible light.
c. Strong yet deformable
d. Malleable
e. High melting point
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Alloys
1. Metals in combination with other metals
or non-metal elements
2. Special properties:
a. hardness,
b. toughness,
c. corrosion resistance,
d. magnetizability, and;
e. ductility.
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POLYMERS
“poly” meaning “many”, and “meros” which
means “part”. They are composed of
repeating molecules (mers).
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Polymers
1. Carbon element forms the backbone of
of the chain
2. Special properties:
a. Long chain polymers are usually
weaker than most ceramics and
metals,
b. Can be strengthened through fillers,
cross-linking of chains, chain
branching and etc.,
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Natural Synthetic
CERAMICS
AND GLASSES
As opposed to the long-range electron matrix
bond in metals, ceramics usually have very
rigid covalent or ionic bonds
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Ceramics
1. Compounds between metallic and
nonmetallic elements
2. Oxides, nitrides, and carbides
3. Special Properties:
a. Insulators
b. Resistant to high temperatures
c. Hard and Brittle
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CERAMICS GLASSES
- Crystalline, inorganic, - Non-crystalline
Amorphous solids
COMPOSITES
Consists of more than one material type. It
is designed to display a combination of the
best characteristics of each of the
component materials.
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Composites
1. They are formed by coatings, internal
additives, and laminating.
2. They provide an almost unlimited
potential for development compared to
pure materials such as metals, ceramics
and polymers.
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Examples
Cermet
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NATURAL
MATERIALS
Conventional Engineering Materials
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Wood Leather
Cotton Bone
THANKS!
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