APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 1

ONLINE ORDERING SYSTEM FOR AGRAAN MOTOR PARTS CENTER

A Capstone Project Presented

to the Faculty of Information Technology

Department

Apayao State College

In Partial Fulfilment

of the Course Requirements for the Degree

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

by:
Preston Kyle S. Elic

Joeshua D. Tamayo
APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 2

2023
APPROVAL SHEET

This Capstone Project titled, ONLINE ORDERING

SYSTEM FOR AGRAAN MOTOR PARTS CENTER prepared and

submitted by PRESTON KYLE S. ELIC, LOREN M. BELTRAN,

JOSHUA D. TAMAY in partial fulfilment of the

requirements for the degree, Bachelor of Science in

Information Technology has been examined and

recommended for approval and acceptance.

LLOYD MARK C. RAZALAN, MIT

Adviser

PANEL OF EXAMINERS
ACCEPTED AND APPROVED by the Committee on
Oral Examination on ________ with a degree of
____________.

RONALD O. OCAMPO, Ph.D.

Chairman

JONATHAN BIEN C. DOMINGO, MIT

Member

ACCEPTED AND APPROVED in partial fulfilment

of the requirements for the degree of BACHELOR OF
SCIENCE IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY.

LLOYD MARK C. RAZALAN, MIT MAGILYN A. RACACHO, MIT

Program Chair, BSIT Dean, CEIIT
APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 3

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to express their heartfelt, greatest, and highest

gratitude to the following people who extended their help in the completion of

this research.

Moreover, the researchers would like to thank our committee members for

letting our defense be an enjoyable moment, and for your brilliant comments

and suggestions.

Also, the researchers would like to personally thank their family for their moral,

financial, physical, and emotional support to the researchers. Your prayer for us

was what sustained us this far.

Lastly, the researchers would like to adore and

praise our Lord Jesus Christ for His guidance, and giving

the researchers the strength morally, physically, and

spiritually. For letting us through all the difficulties

without Christ our Lord, the researchers will not be able

to accomplish this study. We will keep on trusting you for

our future.
APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 4

ABSTRACT

Computers have become part of the life for accessing almost any

kind of information. Life in the 21st century is full of technological

advancement and in this technological age it is very difficult for any

organization to survive without utilizing technology. The World Wide Web

contributes greatly to the creation of an ever-increasing global

information database. It could also be used as a mechanism to share

information within an enterprise.

In today’s age of motor parts center business, many shops have

chosen to focus on quick preparation and speedy delivery of orders. Until

very recently, all of these delivery orders were placed over the phone,

but there are many disadvantages to this system, including the

inconvenience of the customer needing to have a physical copy of the

menu, lack of a visual confirmation that the order was placed correctly,

and the necessity for the shop to have an employee answering the

phone and taking orders.

What we propose is an online ordering system, which is a technique

of ordering motor parts online applicable in any motor parts center

delivery industry. The main advantage of my system is that it greatly

simplifies the ordering process for both the customer and the shop.

When the customer visits the ordering webpage, they are presented with

an interactive and up-to-date menu, complete with all available options

and dynamically adjusting prices based on the selected options. After

making a selection, the item is then added to their order, which the
APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 5

customer can review the details of at any time before checking out. This

provides instant visual confirmation of what was selected and ensures

that items in the order are, in fact, what was intended.

This system also greatly lightens the load on the shop’s end, as the

entire process of taking orders is automated. Once an order is placed on

the webpage, it is entered into the database and then retrieved, in pretty

much real-time, by a desktop application. Within this application, all items

in the order are displayed, along with their corresponding options and

delivery details, in a concise and easy to read manner. This allows shop

employees to quickly go through the orders as they are placed and

produce the necessary items with minimal delay and confusion.

APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 6

Preston,Joeshua

DEDICATION

This humble achievement of us is dedicated to the

researcher’s friends, family, and to their loved

ones. The researchers will never have the courage to

accomplish this study without the empathy, sympathy,

encouragement, and moral support of the people who

had been in the beginning of the researchers’

journey.

And above all, to our Lord Jesus Christ for His

guidance, love, and enlightenment for the completion

of this humble work.

Preston Kyle

Joeshua
APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 7

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

TITLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

APPROVAL OF SHEET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ABSTRACT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DEDICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TABLE OF CONTENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 1 PROJECT OVERVIEW

Background of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . .

Company Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Statement of the Problem . . . . . . . . . . . .

Objectives of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . .

Significance of the Study . . . . . . . . . . .

Definition of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 2 METHODOLOGY

Software Development Methodology . . . . . . .

Scope and Limitations of the Study . . . . . .

APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 8

Related Literatures/Systems . . . . . . . . . .

Research Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Subject of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Respondents of the Study. . . . . . . . . . . .

Research Instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 3 DISCUSSIONS OF FINDINGS

Operational Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Problem Encountered in the Existing System . . .

Recommended Remedies Encountered. . . . . . . .

Perceived Benefits of the system . . . . . . .

4 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Summary and Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Recommendations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

APPENDICES

Screenshots of the Proposed System . . . . .

CURRICULUM VITAE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 9

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Computers have become part of the life for accessing almost any

kind of information. Life in the 21st century is full of technological

advancement and in this technological age it is very difficult for any

organization to survive without utilizing technology. The World Wide Web

contributes greatly to the creation of an ever-increasing global

information database. It could also be used as a mechanism to share

information within an enterprise.

In today’s age of motor parts center business, many shops have

chosen to focus on quick preparation and speedy delivery of orders. Until

very recently, all of these delivery orders were placed over the phone,

but there are many disadvantages to this system, including the

inconvenience of the customer needing to have a physical copy of the

menu, lack of a visual confirmation that the order was placed correctly,

and the necessity for the shop to have an employee answering the

phone and taking orders.

What we propose is an online ordering system, which is a technique

of ordering motor parts online applicable in any motor parts center

delivery industry. The main advantage of my system is that it greatly

simplifies the ordering process for both the customer and the shop.

When the customer visits the ordering webpage, they are presented with
APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 10

an interactive and up-to-date menu, complete with all available options

and dynamically adjusting prices based on the selected options. After

making a selection, the item is then added to their order, which the

customer can review the details of at any time before checking out. This

provides instant visual confirmation of what was selected and ensures

that items in the order are, in fact, what was intended.

This system also greatly lightens the load on the shop’s end, as the

entire process of taking orders is automated. Once an order is placed on

the webpage, it is entered into the database and then retrieved, in pretty

much real-time, by a desktop application. Within this application, all items

in the order are displayed, along with their corresponding options and

delivery details, in a concise and easy to read manner. This allows shop

employees to quickly go through the orders as they are placed and

produce the necessary items with minimal delay and confusion.

Statement of the problem

The challenges encountered by the existing system serve as a major

drawback to the realization of efficiency and customer satisfaction. The

experience of ordering in most motor parts center is not pleasant for the

customers. Customers will have to make long queues before placing

their orders especially during peak hours and then the ordering staff will

record customer orders. Having placed their order, the customer must

then wait near the counter until their order is ready for collection. The

other problem in this industry is that shops are not realizing the

efficiencies that would result from better application of technology in their

daily operations. This business in a very competitive business and one

APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 11

way to stand out from competitors is through improving the business

process where business process automation can assist business

improvement. The other problem with the current system is that the

customers are not able to see the specifications of the product before

they place their order and also, they only have to pay for an order online.

Objectives of the Study

The main objective of this study is to design and develop an online

ordering system for Agraan Motor Parts Center.

General objectives

 To increase efficiency and improve services provided to the

customers through better application of technology in daily

operations.

 To be able to stand out from competitors in the shop center service

industry.

Specific objectives

 To enable customers to order custom motorcycle parts that aren’t

in the display.

 To enable customers to have a visual confirmation that the order

was placed correctly

 To enable customers to know product specifications before

ordering

 To ensure correct placement of orders through visual confirmation

 Improve efficiency of shop’s staff

APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 12

 Eliminate paper work and increase level of accuracy

 Increase speed of service, sales volume and customer satisfaction

Justification

 To increase efficiency by shortening the purchasing time and

eliminating paper work like receipts through online transaction

 To be able to stand out from competitors by automating daily

operations which will give shop service providers the opportunity to

increase sales

 To increase customer satisfaction by speeding up product delivery

 To reduce time wasting by eliminating long queues

Significance of the study

The research was conducted with the hope that it would be of

value and importance to the following:

The Shop Owner. All products and transactions can easily be

monitored specially there is money involved.

Staff. Listing and computation of products are provided by the

software.

Customers. Long queue will be eliminated by using the software.

The Researchers. The researcher may enhance his/her research

capacity and programming skills.

Future Researchers. The result of this study will serve as a basis

for future researchers to conduct similar or related studies.

APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 13

Scope and Delimitation

Requires internet connection and also the user must be computer

literate.

The set back of the system is that the customers targeted are adults with

access to computer systems while the minors might have to go physically

to the shop to purchase the product that they want.

The other limitation is that the system will only be convenient to people

with a small geographical region, basically just around the shop i.e. can

only help a small area.

Definition of Terms

The Database Systems refer to the system that is used in a

young province which is mostly offline due to weak signal strength.

Design refers to the appearance of the system based on the

codes encoded by the programmer which should be user friendly.

Error Handling refers to the system’s capacity to identify error

and to provide immediate process for troubleshooting.

Efficiency

Motor Parts refers to as an electric motor converts electrical

energy to mechanical energy. In general, an electric motor consists of

a stator, a rotor, winding, bearings, and casing. The motor rotates

due to the force of attraction or repulsion between the stator or rotor

fields.

Online System
APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 14

Programming skills refers to the ability of the developer to

create and modify different systems using variety of programming

languages.

The system shows Reliability if it can accommodate large

amount of data and if it can be used for a longer period of time with its

capacity to adjust to modifications.

Technology is what makes the office and business transactions

easier in which a developing province is starting to recognize.

Usability refers to the functionality of the system to perform

specific task commanded by the user.

A system should be User - friendly which should be organized in

a way that the end users could easily understand and interact with it.

Online Shopping

The term is conceptually used in this work to refer to the action or

activity of buying goods or services via the Internet. Operationally, refers

of making shopping easier by using internet access anytime, anywhere

without any hassle.

The term Website means a location connected to the Internet

that maintains one or more pages on the World Wide Web. As used in

the study, “website” is where the customers of Wrinkles Balloons and

Party Needs do their reservation and to confirm orders and to monitor or

trace the delivery.  The order is basically done with the help of internet

access.
APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 15

Online Payment - Conceptually, allowing money transfer to be

made only through internet.  It functions as a fast and secure electronic

alternative to traditional methods as cheque, money orders or bank

transfers. The term is operationally use to this research as the system to

perform the payment processing not only for the business but between

their customers.  The process helps a faster payment method for the

business.

Money Transfer

The act of transferring money from one place to another place.

This may occur electronically or physically. Operationally, the term

“money transfer” refers to one of the payment options of the customers

who will do the online reservation for their party needs.  After the items

have been confirmed, the customer needs to process the payment

through money transfer.  They can send money thru online banking or to

the companies facilitate money transfer like Western Union and many

other local money transfer companies.

Credit Card

The term conceptually means is a small plastic card issued by a

bank, business, etc., allowing the holder to purchase goods or services

on credit. This study used the term to define one of payment options to

confirm the purchase, by using the credit card.  Once the customers

have decided to purchase the items, they can use their credit card to

process the payment.  The bank is in-charge of posting the customers

payment online and charge it automatically the amount to customers’

account.  This method of payment is one of much easier and faster.

APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 16

E-commerce

Conceptually, it is a transaction of buying or selling online.

Electronic commerce draws on technologies such as mobile

commerce, electronic funds transfer, supply chain management, Internet

marketing, online transaction processing, electronic data interchange

(EDI), inventory management systems, and automated data collection

Modern electronic commerce typically uses the World Wide Web for at

least one part of the transaction’s life cycle although it may also use

other technologies such as e-mail.

APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 17

CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

           For further understanding of the study, the researchers made use

of different reading materials related to the online system. These

materials such as books, magazines, newspapers, thesis and other web

articles are essential in broadening the knowledge of the researchers.

These will also guide the researchers to achieve their target objectives

by getting ideas on other related studies and make improvements as

possible.

            The information gathered by the researchers focuses on the

development of e-commerce or online marketing and its advantages to

the economy, consumers and businesses. Security measurement

information in terms of payment and customer’s privacy to be

considered in developing an online system are also obtained.

            The researchers also sum up the different techniques on how to

gain web visitors and eventually convince them to purchase the

products based on some surveys gathered by the past studies. Some of

the programming background skills needed to create a website is also

being discussed to further understand why the researchers chose PHP5

as front end and MySQL as backend of the proposed system.

Review of Related Literature

            This review consists of books, articles, documents that focus on

the same subject matter or other concepts of the study.

APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 18

Foreign
            The web has become an opportunity for the marketers to add

value to products and services.   The phenomenal growth and rising of

the popularity of the internet and the World Wide Web have become a

key to attract more consumers and businesses to engage the benefits of

Electronic Commerce (E-commerce). This E-commerce is sited as any

form of business transaction in which the parties interact electronically

rather than by physical exchanges or direct physical contact (Aldin,

Brehmer & Johansson, 2004). This has transformed the traditional

commerce and enhanced sales and exchanges of merchandise and

information.  It is not just considered as single entity of technology but a

combination of technologies where applications, processes, business

strategies are necessary to do business electronically. The availability of

goods and services with the click of a mouse is changing the global

setting.

Consideration of the websites design and operations are dependent

upon the nature of business activities and target consumers. According

to Burleson (2005), a website must be simple and focused site to

succeed. One that is easy to build, maintenance-free, low cost,

trustworthy, and a powerful traffic-builder and customer-converter.

Having the right tool and the right product alone doesn’t ensure the

success of the website. To be effective, the Website must be designed

with the target audience as foremost consideration. Website designers

must balance design considerations and capabilities with client

objectives and the consumer’s level of understanding in the modern

technology (Geissler, 2001).

APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 19

            It is critical for companies to know how do they attract customers

to their website, engage them to turn into paying customers and also

retain them in returning to your website.  Online communications

techniques used to achieve goals of brand awareness, familiarity and

favorability and to influence purchase intent by encouraging users of

digital media to visit a web site to engage with the brand or product and

ultimately to purchase online or offline through traditional media

channels such as by phone or in-store (Chaffey, 2009).

Local

            In the Philippines, e-commerce is mostly being implemented by

major retailers and multinational corporations for bank-to-bank

exchange. A number of Business-to-consumer transactions have

emerged through the years such as auctions, online shopping, and

online banking (Lacson, Pasadilla, 2006). This just shows that Filipino

businesses welcome this new opportunity in selling goods since 16% of

the population is using Internet. This new marketing strategy will not

only benefit those big companies but also the small businesses who

cannot afford to advertise their products. Just by creating a website in a

very affordable cost would make the business grow in terms of sales

and enhance the company image as well.

            Philippine firms have yet to fully tap the potentials of e-

commerce that will help them to compete in domestic and global

markets. In the process of preparing themselves to conduct e-

commerce, these firms will be changing the way they do

business.  These changes are expected to have an impact on the

APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 20

welfare of Philippine workers. Most efforts to measure the economic

effects of e-commerce—including those on workers’ welfare—have

focused on the U.S. and Europe, who are considered to be the leaders

in e-commerce. (Roberto, 2002) In general, it discuss the changes in

the nature of work from the front to back office is likely within the sectors

performing services Employment demand for these industry, they may

be focused away from agents and blue collared workers, toward higher

management and executive staff.

            As Filipinos entered the 21st century, local e-commerce

transaction reached Php 1 billiion. It shows that there’s at least one

billion transaction sales growth annually. If this trend continues, figures

can reach up to Php 20 billion as more businesses conduct online

transactions. If significant economic growth takes place in the next 10

years, these estimates may even double or triple (Toral, 2004).

            One indisputable benefit of e-commerce is its ability to reduce

transaction costs. For consumers or buyers, this is most likely to take

the form of lower search costs and better information on products and

prices. There could be drastic savings in production and delivery costs

of electronic or digital goods as well. (Lee, 2006)

            Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has become

and will continue to be an integral part of the day-to-day life of every

Filipino across all levels of our society. The occurrence of

communication technology around the world necessitates that

government get on a cohesive and coordinated strategy on how to

prepare its citizens to survive, live and thrive in a digital world.(The

Philippine Digital Strategy Transformation 2.0: Digital Empowered

APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 21

Nation 2011) The main objective of the paper is to have a competitive

society where everyone has a reliable, affordable and secure

information access in the Philippines.

RELATED STUDIES

Related System

Geancyfood Online Reservation System

Geancyfood Online Reservation System is an online web-based

system wherein clients can make catering reservations through online.

The system can help the catering administration manage their filter,

monitor, and store and secure of all the reservations records. The

system will help the administration in making their work easy and fast

such as updating, adding new menu, and printing of records since all the

files will be stored in the database. It is more secure in an automated

online system and it is more reliable in processing reports and records of

the reservation than using manual based. The system allows clients to

check their reservations and availability whenever they are online and

can make catering reservations right away. Only the authorized

personnel can access the system with the use of its username and

password for the security purposes.

Author: Nico A. Brigula. (October 2016)

BR Chua Enterprises Inc. Online Shopping Cart

Shopping is very important in our daily life, especially to those who

love to shop some furniture, Whenever we need, we usually move to

shopping complex. Day by day, a large amount of consumers increased

in shopping area. As a result, to provide a better consumer services and

APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 22

satisfaction. Thus, consumers are not required to physically visits to

shops to make a purchase including spend to find out specific products,

wait for a long queue for payment. The purpose of this research is to

design an interactive online shopping system that can satisfy consumers

to buy products and which system will save cost, fewer employees,

reduce administration work and less time. The system online shopping

cart made for BR Chua Enterprises Inc. was one way of enhancing the

business competitively. Though the only problem was their usage of

manual inventory system, it was decided to make a system that can

really help it compete globally. Since BR Chua Enterprises Inc. produces

high quality and low-price kind of made-to-order furniture. It helps

customers to shop conveniently and accessibly. It helps customers to

choose items they desire to buy. It could also generate bills and update

records automatically. It was also capable of maintaining various records

and storing all day-to-day transactions.

Author: Julie O. Baritos (March 2012)

Foreign

Online Shopping

According to Naresh Prajapati,(March 22, 2012) An online shopping

system that permits a customer to submit online orders for items and/or

services from a store that serves both walk-in customers and online

customers. The online shopping system presents an online display of an

order cut off time and an associated delivery window for items selected

by the customer. The system accepts the customer’s submission of a

purchase order for the item in response to a time of submission being

APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 23

before the order cut off time. The online shopping system does not settle

with a credit supplier of the customer until the item selected by the

customer is picked from inventory but before it is delivered. Therefore,

the customer can go online and make changes to the order. In addition,

available service windows are presented to the customer as a function of

customer selected order and service types and further, the order picking

is assigned in accordance with a picker’s preference. When ordering

goods, many shopping systems provide a virtual shopping cart for

holding items selected for purchase. Successive items selected for

purchase are placed into the virtual shopping cart until a customer

completes their shopping trip. Virtual shopping carts may be examined at

any time, and their contents can be edited or deleted at the option of the

customer. Once the customer decides to submit a purchase order, the

customer may print the contents of the virtual shopping basket in order to

obtain a hard copy record of the transaction.

Online Ordering System of LIDO Enterprise

Online Ordering System of LIDO Enterprise is an web-based

system that helps LIDO Enterprise to manage their business digitally,

and allow customer to make order online. As a fast growing company,

online enterprise system becoming a need compared to manual method.

Therefore, this system has been developed to helps LIDO Enterprise to

manage their sales and services online. It is a better approach to

optimize the relationship between LIDO Enterprise and customers. There

are two target users in this system, admin staff and the customers of

LIDO Enterprise. The system consists of ten modules: login and

APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 24

registration, customize stock specification, manage order and profile,

search product, manage stock and specification, approve order, advisory

administration for admin side function and Live Chat. Rapid Application

Development (RAD) model has been used in this project. The four

phases are requirements planning, user design, construction and

cutover. The implementation of interface and coding to each module in

the system has been completed. The testing shows that the acceptance

criteria of the system has achieve the objectives of this project.

Author: Shamsor Masra Othman(Mar 03, 2015)

Synthesis

The system we are making has many similarities to the ones on the local

and foreign studies. Both local and foreign has many features similar to

our system because all the system that we include in this synthesis aims

to help save lives. The same practice is being observed by both Local

and Foreign studies. Compared to manual processing of transactions

and records of online ordering can be a hassle and time consuming.

In connection to the proposed system, the system will be used by Agraan

Motor Parts Center. This related system will be the basis of the

proponents to develop this Online Ordering System.

APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 25

Conceptual Framework

Development of computerized systems requires analysis of the

process to be digitized in order to enable a correct system, a system that

functions as required and to assist the potential users of the system

understand the general functionality of the system. The analysis

specifies the system's objectives and constraints to which designers

have to comply. The purpose of doing analysis is to transform the

system’s major inputs into structured specification.

Context diagram

This is a brief structure which depicts the environment in which a

software system exists and helps in communicating about what lies

outside the system boundary.

Product
Deliverer

Create product categories/Edit/Delete

APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 26

CHAPTER 3

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

Research Design

As the need to define the user’s requirements to be able to design

the system, this study used the developmental type of research where

the developed system was tested to determine its usability and

functionality.

System Design

Waterfall model was used to design the project. Waterfall model

was developed by Walker Royce. According to Schach (1999), this

model embodies the software life cycle using different processes and

products. Each process transforms a product to produce a new product

as output. Then the new product becomes the input of the next process.

The waterfall model is a sequential software development process where

progress is seen as flowing gradually downwards just like a waterfall in

going through the phase’s requirements, design, implementation,

verification, and maintenance.

Developmen
t
Validation
APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 27

Figure 3.0 Waterfall Model

To follow the waterfall model, the phases proceed from one phase

to the other in a sequential manner. When the first phase is already

completed, the researcher proceeds to the second phase and so on. The

software is designed and a blueprint is drawn for its implementation.

This design should be a plan for implementing the requirements given.

When the design is already done, an implementation of that design will

be made by programmers. Towards the later stages of the

implementation phase, separate software components produced are

combined to introduce new functionality and reduced risk through the

removal of errors. Thus, the waterfall model maintains that one should

move to a phase only when it preceding phase is completed and

perfected.

There are many advantages of the waterfall model. First one is that

design errors are captured before any software is written which saves

time during the implementation phase. Excellent technical

documentation is also a part of the deliverables and it is easier for

programmers to design in less time during the maintenance phase

(Sparrow, 2014).

The approach in waterfall model is well structured making it easier

to measure progress by reference to distinct milestones. The total cost of

the project can also be accurately estimated after the requirements have
APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 28

been defined. Testing is easier as it can be done by reference to the

scenarios defined in the functional specification

Requirements Phase. During the requirements phase, the

waterfall method will assume that all requirements can be gathered. In

this phase, the researcher identified the problems, opportunities and

objectives. This stage is critical to the success of the project because no

one wants to waste the time in addressing the wrong problem.

Activities in this phase consist of interviewing the user

management, summarizing the knowledge obtained, estimating the

scope of the project and documenting the results of the observations

and interviews. The output of this phase is a feasibility report containing

a problem definition and summarizing the objectives.

The researcher’s communication and cooperation with the user is

overkill into this phase because the researcher did his best to get a

detailed understanding of the user's requirements. Once this stage is

completed, the process runs downhill.

Design Phase. The design phase is best described by breaking up

into logical design and physical design subphases. During the logical

design phase, the researcher made use of the information collected in

the requirements phase to design the system independently of any

needed hardware or software system. Once the higher-level logical

design is complete, the systems analyst then begins transforming it into

a physical design dependent on the specifications of specific hardware

and software technologies. This phase is where the researcher

determined the human needs of the users involved, using a variety of

tools to understand how users interact in the work context with their
APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 29

current information systems. The researcher used interactive methods

such as conversing with the users, investigating hard data and

questionnaires.

In the information requirements phase, the researcher will

understand what information users need to perform their jobs. At this

point, the researcher will examine how to make the system useful to the

people involved and how the system better support individual tasks that

needs action. The researcher will also define what new tasks are

enabled by the new system that users were unable to do without it and

determined how the analyst can create a system that is rewarding for

workers to use.

During this phase, the researcher will prepare a systems proposal

that summarizes what has been found out about the users, the usability

and usefulness of the current systems, provided cost-benefit analyses

of alternatives and make recommendations on what should be done.

Development  phase. It is during the development phase when all

of the actual code is written. This phase belongs to the programmers in

the Waterfall method, as they take the project requirements and

specifications, and code the applications.

The third phase is where the researcher analyzes the system

needs. During this phase, the researcher analyzes the structured

decisions made. Structured decisions are those for which the

conditions, condition alternatives, actions, and action rules can be

determined. There are three methods for analysis of structured

decisions: structured English, decision tables, and decision trees.

APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 30

This phase is also when the researcher develops the software that

is needed. During this phase, the researcher will work with users to

develop effective documentation for software, including procedure

manuals, online help, and Web-sites featuring Frequently Ask

Questions (FAQs). Because users are involved from the beginning,

phase documentation should address the questions they have raised

and solved jointly with the researcher. Documentation tells the users

how to use software and what to do if software problems occur.

Validation phase. The validation phase was originally planned by

Royce to ensure that the project is meeting all the customer

expectations. However, under real-world analysis and design, this stage

is often ignored. The project is will roll out to the customer then the

Maintenance phase begins.

In this phase, the researchers use the information to be collected

to accomplish the logical design of the system. The researcher will

design procedure for users to help them accurately enter data so that

the data going into information system are correct. The researcher will

provide the users the complete effective input to the information system

by using techniques of good form and Web page or screen design.

Part of the logical design of the system is devising the Human

Computer Interface. The interface connects the users with the system

and is thus extremely important. The user interface will be designed

with the help of users to make sure that the system is audible, legible,

and safe, as well as attractive and enjoyable to use.

The validation phase also includes verification of the databases

that will store much of the data needed by decision makers in the
APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 31

organization. Users benefit from a well-organized database that is

logical to them and corresponds to the way they view their work. In this

phase, the researchers will work with users to design output (either on

screen or printed) that meets their information needs.

Finally, the researcher will design controls and backup procedures

to protect the system and the data, and to produce specification packets

for programmers. Each packet should contain input and output layouts,

file specification, and processing details; it may also include decision

trees or tables, UML or data flow diagrams, and names and functions of

any prewritten code that is either written in-house or using code or other

libraries.

Maintenance Phase. During the maintenance phase, the

customer will be using the developed system. If problems are found due

to improper requirements determination or other mistakes in the design

process, or due to changes in the users' requirements, changes will be

made to the system during this phase.

Before the developed system will be used, it must be tested. It is

much

less costly to catch problems before the systems are signed over to

users. A series of tests to pinpoint problems will be run first with sample

data and eventually with actual data from the current system. Often test

plans created early in the SDLC and are refined as the project

progresses.

Maintenance of the system and its documentation begins in this

phase and carry out routinely throughout the life of the information

system. Much of the programmer’s routine work consists of

APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 32

maintenance, and businesses spend a great deal of money on

maintenance. Some maintenance, such as program updates, can be

done automatically via a vendor site on the Web. Many of the

systematic procedures the researcher employs throughout the SDLC

can help ensure that maintenance is kept to a minimum.

In this last phase of systems development, the researcher will

implement the system. This phase involves the training of users to

handle the system. In addition, the researcher planned for a smooth

conversion from the old system to a new one. This process includes

converting files from old formats to new ones, or building a database,

installing equipment, and bringing the new system into production.

Also, this phase requires users to evaluate the usability of the system.

After all the Planning and analysis were met, the system design will

take place. The researcher will make sure that the Overall design and

User Interface (UI) as prescribed by the End-user are met. This part

covers the physical and logical design of the developed system. The

screen layout of the proposed system will show in this page. The data

design and the architectural design of the system will also be viewed in

this page.

The data design contains the Entity-Relation Diagram (ERD) and

the data dictionary. The ERD is a database design tool that provides

graphical representation of database table, the columns in table and the

relationship between tables. A data dictionary is a collection of

description of the data object or items in a data model for the benefit of

programmer and others who need to refer them.

APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 33

Samples and Sampling Procedures

In this study, the simple random sampling will be used to identify

the respondents. The respondents will be randomly selected from

locale of San Isidro Sur, Luna, Apayao and from different barangays of

the said municipality.

Research Environment

The study will be done at Agraan Motor Parts located at the

Municipality of Luna, Apayao particularly in San Isidro Sur and is owned

by Mr. Jayson P. Agraan. The business was established last February

05, 2022.

Research Instrument

The descriptive survey method was used in this study. The

researcher used a questionnaire to determine how users will interact in

the work context to the current information systems.

Questionnaire. Questionnaires will be prepared by the researcher

to get information from the target users. Questionnaires for the usability,

design, user-friendliness and error-handling of the proposed system

were prepared and floated.

Data Gathering Procedures

The researcher followed the protocol in conducting research. The

researcher presented the outline to the panel members for their

comments and suggestions. These comments and suggestions were

incorporated in the outline. The final copy of the outline was again

shown to the panel for them to check whether their comments and

suggestions were incorporated in the paper. When the panel approved

APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 34

the outline, the researcher reproduced the survey questionnaire. Before

floating the questionnaire, the researcher sought permission from the

deans and college registrar. When they approved the request to float

questionnaire, the researcher personally floated the questionnaire to

ensure 100% retrieval and to clear out queries from the respondents if

ever there were.

The data gathered were inputted in an electronic program ready for

analysis.

Data Analysis Tools

The study used some valid and appropriate statistical tools to interpret

the gathered data such as Mean and Percentage.

To interpret the effectiveness of the created system, the researchers

utilized the following verbal interpretation for the 5 – point Likert Scale

below:

Range Verbal Interpretation

4.24 – 5.00 Strongly Agree

3.43 – 4.23 Agree

2.62 – 3.42 Neutral

1.81 – 2.61 Disagree

1.00 – 1.80 Strongly Disagree

Tools in Developing the Software Product

The researchers will use PHP as the front-end and MySQL as the back-

end because they run on any platform, are open source, and free to
APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 35

download. The proponents will enhance and upgrade the current manual

system of the company.

Program Environment

Front End

CSS

CSS is the language for describing the presentation of Web pages,

including colors, layout, and fonts. It allows one to adapt the presentation

to different types of devices, such as large screens, small screens, or

printers. CSS is independent of HTML and can be used with any XML-

based markup language. The separation of HTML from CSS makes it

easier to maintain sites, share style sheets across pages, and tailor

pages to different environments. This is referred to as the separation if

structure (or: content) from presentation.

 HTML

HTML is the language for describing the structure of Web pages. HTML

gives authors the means to:

Publish online documents with headings, text, tables, lists, photos, etc.

Retrieve online information via hypertext links, at the click of a button.

Design forms for conducting transactions with remote services, for use in

searching for information, making reservations, ordering products, etc.

Include spread-sheets, video clips, sound clips, and other applications

directly in their documents.

Back End                                                                        
APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 36

MySQL is an open-source relational database management system.

Information in a MySQL database is stored in the form of related tables.

MySQL databases are typically used for web application development.

 PHP is a script language and interpreter that is a freely available and

used primarily on Linux Web servers. PHP, originally derived from

Personal Home Page Tools, now stands for PHP: Hypertext

Preprocessor, which the PHP FAQ describes as a “recursive acronym”.

Data flow diagram

It is a two-dimensional diagram that explains how data is processed

and transferred in a system. The graphical depiction identifies each

source of data and how it interacts with other data sources to reach a

common output.

Administrator module

Functionalities provided:

 Create usernames and passwords

 View/ edit / delete user accounts

APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 37

Customer module

Functionalities provided:

 View product’s list

 Register

 Place orders

Manager module

Functionalities provided:
APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 38

 Create product categories and functionalities

 Edit / delete product categories and descriptions

 View and manage orders and sales report

Product deliver module

Functionalities provided:

 View pending orders and delivery details

 Confirm order deliveries

APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 39

Product
Deliverer

User requirements

The system will be designed to be user friendly. The user friendly

and interactive interfaces design helps to achieve this by enabling

customers to easily browse through the menus place orders with just a

few clicks and also allows employees of the shop to quickly go through

the orders as they are placed and produce the necessary items with

minimal delay and confusion. The system will be simple to use.

Functional requirements

Functional requirements define the capabilities and functions that a

system must be able to perform successfully. The functional

requirements of this online ordering system include:

APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 40

 The system shall enable the customer to view the products

menu, create an account, login to the system and place an order.

 The customer shall specify whether the order is to be picked

up or delivered.

 The system shall display the items ordered, the individual

item prices and the payment amount calculated.

 The system shall prompt customer to confirm the product

order.

 The system shall provide visual confirmation of the order

placement

 The system shall enable the manager to view, create, edit

and delete product category and descriptions

 The system shall allow confirmation of pending orders.

 The system shall allow generation of sales report for the

orders made.

 The system shall allow the manager to update additional

information (description, photo, specifications etc.) for a given item.

 The system shall allow the manager to update price for a

given item.

Non-functional requirements

A non-functional requirement is a requirement that specifies criteria

that can be used to judge the operation of a system, rather than specific

behaviors. Some of the non-functional requirements include:

 The system should have sufficient network bandwidth

APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 41

 Backup- provision for data backup

 Maintainability- easy to maintain

 Performance/ response time- fast response

 Usability by target user community- easy to use

 Expandability- needs to be future proof or upgradable

 Safety- should be safe to use

System requirements

These consist of the hardware and software components of a

computer system that are required to install in order to use the software

efficiently.

Software requirements

 Operating system: Windows XP / windows 7 / Windows 10

 Technology : PHP

 Database : MySQL

 Tool : Dreamweaver

 Antivirus software

 Backup & Data Recovery software

Hardware requirements

 Processor: Intel dual core or above

 Processor Speed:1.0GHZ or above

 RAM: 1 GB RAM or above

 Hard Disk: 20 GB hard disk or above

 Printer for printing reports

APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 42

 Uninterruptible power supply to ensure a constant access of

data.

 USB flash disk( At least 2GB)

Time scheduling
APAYAO STATE COLLEGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 43

Figure 3.5 Gantt Chart

Legend:

TASK
1. Research and Data Collection
2. Proposal Writing
3. Proposal Approval and Presentation
4. Coding Design and Testing
5. Deployment and Documentation
6. Project Presentation

References

[Link]

document/

[Link]

[Link]

[Link]

ONLINE_ORDERING_SYSTEM_PROJECT_PROPOSAL