ACD MICROPROJECT REPORT
Sr. Signature
Name of Course Title of the Micro Project Name of Guide
No. of Guide
Semester-5
Design of joints/ couplings Dinesh Patil Sir
1 ACD
used in automobiles
ROLL NO STUDENTS NAME
221704 Vignesh Gangarapu
221705 Shubham G
221707 Pranav Jawal
Topic:- Design of joints/ couplings used in automobiles
1. Rationale: - On modern vehicles, joints are the pivot between the
wheels and the suspension of an automobile. They are today almost
universally used in the front suspension, having replaced the
kingpin/linkpin or kingpin/trunnion arrangement, but can also be found in
the rear suspension of a few higher-performance autos
2. Aim of Micro project: - Design of joints/ couplings used in
automobiles
3. Course Outcome: a) Apply design requirements while designing
simple Automobile Components.
4. Literature overview: A coupling is a device used to
connect two shafts together at their ends for the purpose of
transmitting power. The primary purpose of couplings is to join
two pieces of rotating equipment while permitting some degree
of misalignment or end movement or both. In a more general
context, a coupling can also be a mechanical device that serves to
connect the ends of adjacent parts or objects.[1] Couplings do not
normally allow disconnection of shafts during operation, however
there are torque-limiting couplings which can slip or disconnect
when some torque limit is exceeded. Selection, installation and
maintenance of couplings can lead to reduced maintenance time
and maintenance cost.
5. Actual Methodology Followed: -
[Link] Details of Planned Plan finish Name of
activity Start date date Team
members
1. Group discussion 3 17/8/2022 23/8/2022 All the
Students. members
2. Topic allotted to us by 24/8/2022 30/8/2022 All the
the Ma'am. members
3. Taking ideas From 7/9/2022 13/9/2022 All the
notes, Internet. members
4. Equal 14/9/2022 20/9/2022 All the
Distribution of work members
5. Taking ideas From 21/9/2022 27/9/2022 All the
teachers. members
6. Begin this Explain more 28/9/2022 4/10/2022 All the
Information. members
7. Taking more 5/10/2022 12/10/2022 All the
Information From members
Internet.
8. Preparing a Proposal. 13/10/2022 19/10/2022 All the
members
9. Final proposal 20/10/2022 27/10/2022 All the
Submitted. members
10. Cross checked The 28/10/2022 4/11/2022 All the
answer Theoretically members
And practically
11. Preparing report on the 5/11/2022 11/11/2022 All the
Topic. members
12. Collecting main Points 12/11/2022 18/11/2022 All the
for Report. Members
13. Preparing PPT On the 19/11/2022 25/11/2022 All the
topic. Members
14. Collecting main Points 26/11/2022 5/12/2022 All the
for Report. members
15. Checking the Points in 6/12/2022 15/12/2022 All the
Report an PPT. members
16. Submission our 16/12/2022 21/12/2022 All the
Proposal and members
Report.
6. Resources Required(major resources such as raw material, some
machining facility, software etc.)
Name of Resource /
Sr. No. Specifications Quantity
material
As per
1 Microsoft words 2019 version
requirement
As per
2 Google Wikipedia, Chrome
requirement
As per
3 Laptop --
requirement
7. Overview Of The Project: The term “coupling” is common in
the engineering world, it is known as a part that connects two
shafts together in order to accurately transmit power. The
transmission is done from the drive side to the driven side while
absorbing the mounting error (misalignment), etc. of the two
shafts. Coupling is used in almost all industrial machines that
require power transmissions, such as motors, pumps, generators,
and compressors.
Oldham coupling
An Oldham coupling has three discs, one coupled to the input, one coupled to the
output, and a middle disc that is joined to the first two by tongue and groove. The
tongue and groove on one side is perpendicular to the tongue and groove on the
other. The middle disc rotates around its center at the same speed as the input
and output shafts. Its center traces a circular orbit, twice per rotation, around the
midpoint between input and output shafts. Often springs are used to
reduce backlash of the mechanism. An advantage to this type of coupling, as
compared to two universal joints, is its compact size. The coupler is named
for John Oldham who invented it in Ireland, in 1821, to solve a problem in
a paddle steamer design.
Universal Joints
Universal joints are capable of transmitting torque and rotational
motion from one shaft to another when their axes are inclined to each
other by some angle, which may constantly vary under working
conditions. Universal joints are incorporated in the of vehicle’s
transmission system to perform three basic applications :
(a) Propeller shaft end joints between longitudinally front mounted
gearbox and rear final drive axle.
(b) Rear axle drive shaft end joints between the sprung final drive and
the unsprung rear wheel stub axle.
(c) Front axle drive shaft end joints between the sprung front mounted
final drive and the unsprung front wheel steered stub axle.
Universal joints have movement only in the vertical plane when they are
used for longitudinally mounted propeller shafts and transverse rear
mounted drive shafts. When these joints have been used for front outer
drive shaft they have to move in both the vertical and horizontal plane to
accommodate both vertical suspension deflection and the swivel pin
angular movement to steer the front road wheels. The compounding of
angular working movement of the outer drive shaft steering joint in two
planes imposes large and varying working angles even when the torque is
being transmitted to the stub axle. Due to the severe working conditions,
special universal joints known as constant velocity joints are employed.
These joints have been designed to absorb torque and speed fluctuations
and to operate reliably with very little noise and wear having long life.
Slip joint:
Slip joint is attached to the driven yoke to increase or decrease the
length of propeller shaft. It has outside splines on the shaft and
matching internal splines in a mating hollow shaft or yoke. When
assembled, the splines cause the shafts to rotate together while they
can move back and forth. This changes the length of propeller shaft.
What is the purpose of a slip joint?
Slip joints in large structures are used to allow the independent motion
of large components while enabling them to be joined in some way. For
example, if two tall buildings are to be joined with a pedestrian skyway
at some high level, there are two options in structural engineering.
Fluid coupling
A fluid coupling or hydraulic coupling is a hydrodynamic or
'hydrokinetic' device used to transmit rotating mechanical power.
It has been used in automobile transmissions as an alternative to a
mechanical clutch. It also has widespread application in marine and
industrial machine drives, where variable speed operation and
controlled start-up without shock loading of the power transmission
system is essential.
Hydrokinetic drives, such as this, should be distinguished
from hydrostatic drives, such as hydraulic
pump and motor combinations.
Fluid couplings were used in a variety of early semi-automatic
transmissions and automatic transmissions. Since the late 1940s,
the hydrodynamic torque converter has replaced the fluid coupling
in automotive applications.
Gear Coupling
The gear coupling is another modifi ed version of the fl ange
coupling. In gear coupling, the fl ange and hub are diff erent
parts assembled together instead of a single part as in fl ange
coupling.
The hubs are externally splined but they are so thick and deep
that you can regard them as gear teeth. Also the fl anges have
internal teeth. The gear rati o is 1:1 and are meshed together.
The single joint gear couplings are limited to lower angular
misalignments.
Applicati on-
Gear couplings are used for heavy-duty applicati ons where the
requirement of torque transmission is higher.
.
Conclusions:
In summary, the automotive industry is on the verge of an
unprecedented transformation characterised by autonomous driving,
electrification and an ever-increasing demand for personalised
products that enhance the wellbeing of occupants.
Advances and innovation in materials engineering will be key to the
adaptability and success of automotive manufacturers in this
competitive and evolving landscape.
8. Skills developed: -
Gained knowledge about various types of joints/couplings used in
automobiles.
9. Application of Micro project: -
We can use this knowledge on design, uses and applications of
different types of couplings and joints used in automobile
vehicles.
