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Understanding Personality Theories in Psychology

This document discusses several theories related to personality: 1) Psychoanalytic theory proposes that unconscious experiences and past childhood experiences influence behaviors and desires. It is associated with Freud and his view of the unconscious mind. This theory suggests introversion and extroversion are influenced by unconscious motivations and past experiences. 2) Humanistic theory believes personality and feelings come from inner emotions and self-image, as proposed by Maslow and his hierarchy of needs. This theory suggests introversion and extroversion depend on how well needs are met and whether one has reached self-actualization. 3) Trait theory views people as differing in strengths of basic traits like introversion versus extroversion, with introverts

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JAY KUKIIRIZA
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175 views2 pages

Understanding Personality Theories in Psychology

This document discusses several theories related to personality: 1) Psychoanalytic theory proposes that unconscious experiences and past childhood experiences influence behaviors and desires. It is associated with Freud and his view of the unconscious mind. This theory suggests introversion and extroversion are influenced by unconscious motivations and past experiences. 2) Humanistic theory believes personality and feelings come from inner emotions and self-image, as proposed by Maslow and his hierarchy of needs. This theory suggests introversion and extroversion depend on how well needs are met and whether one has reached self-actualization. 3) Trait theory views people as differing in strengths of basic traits like introversion versus extroversion, with introverts

Uploaded by

JAY KUKIIRIZA
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Jay Kukiiriza

AP PSYCH
Part One

1. According to the Psychoanalytic theory, most of our behaviors/desires are influenced by


past, childhood experiences and the unconscious mind. Most obviously, this theory
represents Sigmund Freud and his beliefs in the unconscious influencing the conscious
mind. On accounts of introverted and extroverted behavior, the unconscious mind and
past experiences can very well motivate how we energetically and/or shyly interact with
the rest of the world. If an individual is an only child, mostly likely, their behavior may
appear different from that of someone with three siblings. Said individual may have a
more “dull appearing” personality than that of someone surrounded by individuals daily,
who appear to have more “bubbly” personalities.
2. According to a Humanistic theory, an individual's personality and feelings are entirely
based on their inner emotion and self-image. Typically, Abraham Maslow is associated
with the Humanistic theory because he provided a simplistic hierarchy that labels what
an individual needs to feel self-accomplished (in touch with their inner feelings). On
accounts of introverted and extroverted behavior, an individual’s surroundings and needs
may simplify their personality. For example, if an individual does not have basic safety
needs met or are farther away from reaching self-actualization, they may be defined as
more closed off and introverted. This assumption can also be reversed for an individual
labeled as extroverted, who may very well be placed in a self-satisfying position,
bettering their chances of having an extroverted personality (and vice versa).
3. Trait theory in psychology rests on the idea that people differ from one another based on
the strength and intensity of basic trait dimensions. According to these theories, an
introvert is a person whose interest is generally directed inward toward his own feelings
and thoughts, in contrast to an extravert, whose attention is directed toward other people
and the outside world. The trait theory is what society is most familiar with.
4. Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) describes the influence of individual experiences, the
actions of others, and environmental factors on individual health behaviors. Albert
Bandura is most familiarly associated with this theory because of his famous experiment
(the Bobo Doll) intended to record violence in children and how it is brought up. Similarly
to the other approaches, this theory states that introverted and extroverted traits are
determined by interacting social factors, cognitive factors, and behavior.

Part Two
A.
1. Learned helplessness is a behavior given by the subject after the continued repetition
that is beyond their control and the subject seems to be powerless. Ex escape from the
running train or a cyclone.
2. An optimistic attribution style is how the people explain themselves in an event that is
either negative or positive. Such as wrong choices in life and can be pervasive.
3. External locus of control is that success or failure results from external factors like luck,
faith, and circumstances and bias. Ex a teacher who seems to be unfair to the student.
4. Self-serving bias is a tendency of the pol to attribute the positive aspects to their own
lives and the negative ones to others or external factors. Ex is of Self-esteem of a
person.
B.
1. While I can agree I have individualistic-like qualities, I’d definitely say I lean more toward
having a collectivist attribute that better defines who I am. When in groups of people, I
naturally uphold the group opinion over my own because it is a better way to hear
different perspectives.

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