A.

Values
Clarification MODULE 3

Approach
Rationale:
•Values clarification has its origin in the
humanistic and transpersonal
psychology.
•Abraham Maslow is its major proponent.
He believed that every human being is
capable of attaining self-actualization
through the valuing process.
2/5/2022 Values Clarification Approach 2
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

2/5/2022 Values Clarification Approach 3

•Self-actualization in an on
going process of using one’s
innate capacities and
potentials in full, creative and
joyful ways.
2/5/2022 Values Clarification Approach 4
 Purposes:
•to help students become aware of and identify
their own values and those of others.
•to help students communicate openly and
honestly about their values.
•to help students use both rational thinking and
emotional awareness to examine their personal
feelings, values and behavior patterns.
2/5/2022 Values Clarification Approach 5
 For something to be
considered as a value
using the clarification
approach, the person
must go through the
seven (7) criteria of the
valuing process.

2/5/2022 Values Clarification Approach 6

Seven (7) criteria of the valuing process:
•1. choosing freely;
•2. choosing from alternatives;
•3. reflecting carefully on the consequences of
those alternatives;
•4.prizing;
•5.affirming in public;
•6.acting upon one's choices; and
•7. acting consistently
2/5/2022 Values Clarification Approach 7
Valuing Process
• Is a method devised by Carl Rogers to combat a person’s
incongruence, or feelings of inadequacy despite having
made several life achievements.
• Rogers believed that to achieve happiness, a psychologist
could guide the person through using the valuing process to
determine his or her own personal values, whether or not
those values lined up with society and authority figures in the
person’s life.
• It is then the person’s responsibility to follow which path stays
true to their values and will make them happy.

2/5/2022 Values Clarification Approach 8

•The child does not come into the world
with any set of values or moral position.
•Learning of values can only take place
when there is an inner urge in the
students, which has to be first developed
by various stimuli in different forms.
2/5/2022 Values Clarification Approach 9
1. choosing freely;
•A full value is a guide, a norm, a
principle by which a person lives.
•The values that a person chooses
freely are the ones that he/she will
internalize, cherish and allow to
guide his/her life.
2/5/2022 Values Clarification Approach 10
2. choosing from alternatives;
•That a value must be chosen from
alternatives follows from the first
criterion that a value must be chosen
freely.
•If there are no alternatives, there is
no freedom of choice.
2/5/2022 Values Clarification Approach 11
3. reflecting carefully on the
consequences of those alternatives;
•A value must be freely chosen after careful study
of the consequences of each alternative.
•Only after the foreseeable alternatives or options
open to him/her are fully and clearly understood
is a person able to make a free and intelligent
choice.
•This criterion stipulates that valuing is a reflective,
rather than an impulsive or capricious process.
2/5/2022 Values Clarification Approach 12
4. prizing and cherishing;
•A value is something a person feels positive
about: he/she prizes it, cherishes it, respects it,
rejoices in it and celebrates it.
•As the individual grows toward full development
of his/her own values, he/she derives
increasingly greater contentment, satisfaction,
fulfillment, and joy from the act of choosing
his/her own destiny.
2/5/2022 Values Clarification Approach 13
5. affirming in public;
•This criterion is directly related to the preceding
criterion that a value is cherished.
•When we have good news, we like to share it.
•When we discover a value that is freely
chosen, the consequences of which we know
and that makes us happy, we want to tell
others about it.
2/5/2022 Values Clarification Approach 14
6. acting upon one's choices;
•A value is acted upon, performed,
carried out: it influences a person’s
behavior in some way.
•Thus, what a person does reflects
his/her values.

2/5/2022 Values Clarification Approach 15

7. acting consistently
•Values are acted on repeatedly and
become a pattern of life.
•A value tends to permeate and
influence all aspects of one’s life.

2/5/2022 Values Clarification Approach 16

 The value clarification strategies
commonly used in teaching are:
• Role playing
• Games and simulations
• Contrived or real value-laden situations
• Introspection or in-depth self analysis exercise
• Sensitivity activities
• Small group discussion
• Values grid
• Ranking
• Group dynamics
• Case study
• Dyadic and triadic sharing
• Dialogue or clarifying response strategy

2/5/2022 Values Clarification Approach 17

Teacher’s Role
•open and communicating trust
•respect and concern the students
personal beliefs and values
•stimulate an atmosphere of positive
acceptance.
2/5/2022 Values Clarification Approach 18
QUESTIONS? Clarification?

2/5/2022 Values Clarification Approach 19

 ACTIVITY:
• Among the many values which your family have, which among these
do you value the most?
• Through a short video, share to the class one family values which you
value by answering the following questions:
1. Which among the family values do you value most and acts as
your guiding principle?
2. Why?
3. How are your parents/guardians put emphasis on that specific
family value?
4. In what ways/How did they teach you that specific value?
5. To what extent do you intend to practice such value?
6. As a future educator, how will you teach that specific value to your
students and or future generation?
2/5/2022 Values Clarification Approach 20
• https://www.slideshare.net/SMT13/steps-in-valuing-process
-and-value-indicators

2/5/2022 Values Clarification Approach 21