1.
Discuss how the three paradigm shifts transformed the views of the society
and their contributions to modern science. (30 pts)
•COPERNICIAN REVOLUTION
-When Copernicus replaced the Earth with the Sun at the center of the universe, it
changed the role of astronomy in society. A lot of the resistance to Copernicus' theory came
not only from within the scientific community but also a result of the social implications of a
heliocentric universe.
•DARWINIAN REVOLUTION
-Darwin's greatest contribution to science is that he works on evolution and the
process of natural selection. Darwin asserted that plant and animal life evolved from
previous forms through a process called natural selection.
•FREUDIAN REVOLUTION
-Sigmund Freud developed a topographical and structural model of the mind to
basically explain the sources of human behavior. Sigmund Freud made possible the
collection of reliable data about man's inner life.
2. What value of a scientist have you learned from the major revolutions?
-I learned that the Copernican Revolution gives us an important framework for
understanding the Universe. Also, the Darwinian Revolution is important in the development
of scientific and humanist ideas because he first made people aware of their place in the
evolutionary process when the most powerful and intelligent form of life discovered how
humanity had evolved. Lastly, the Freudian Revolution is also important because the
psychoanalysis theory gives me knowledge on how to understand people’s behavior.
3. What would be the consequences if these major intellectual revolutions did not take
place?
If these major revolutions did not take place, people today will believe that these
theories and revolutions did not exist at all.