MEDI CAPS UNIVERSITY

SUNDAY
16 JANUARY 2022

Advanced
Studies Club
VOLUME 01| ISSUE 14

Connect with us: - @asc_mu

 SUNDAY, 16 JANUARY 2022

CONTENTS
25TH NATIONAL YOUTH FESTIVAL SETS MARK WITH

CURRENT AFFAIRS
SOCIAL AND CULTURAL UNIQUENESS
INNACCEL AND NIRAMAI ON HIGHS AFTER RECEIVING
WORLD BANK GROUP AND THE CONSUMER TECHNOLOGY
ASSOCIATION'S GLOBAL WOMEN'S HEALTHTECH AWARDS
AZADI KA AMRIT MAHOTSAVA TO BE TAKEN OFF AS A
SERIES OF THIRTY EVENTS CELEBRATION
QES ANNOUNCES UPSURGE OF EMPLOYMENT IN 9 SECTORS
GOVT TO ORGANISE FIRST-EVER 'STARTUP INDIA
INNOVATION' WEEK FROM JAN 10-16
FOCUS AREAS OF THE SAMAGRA SHIKSHA ABHIYAN’S
FIVE-YEAR PLAN

INTERNATIONAL
INDIA, SOUTH KOREA
AGREE TO RESOLVE
ISSUES TO ACHIEVE
$50BN TRADE BY ’30

SCIENCE
INDIA COMMENCES WITH THE BOOSTER DOSE OF
COVID-19
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) IS AGAIN ON QUEUE
TO PROVIDE CLEAN DRINKING WATER AT A LESSER
COST
EUROPEAN UNION PITCHES ON FOR NUCLEAR POWER
TO STEP IT UP AS A SUSTAINABLE OPTION

TECHNOLOGY
RBI TO SET UP
NEW FINTECH
DEPARTMENT
TO PUSH
INNOVATION

हिंदी विभाग प री क्षा

 SUNDAY, 16 JANUARY 2022

BUSINESS
CORAL BLUE INVESTMENTS TO
TAKE OVER SUTHERLANDS
HOLDINGS
INDIA TO BE ON SPIKES FOR
GLOBAL GROWTH RATES IN THIS
DECADE
TAX LAWS IN BUDGET TO BE
AMENDED AS TAX
CRYPTOCURRENCY GAINS

ENVIRONMENT
CABINET CLEARS ₹12K-CR IN LIEU
OF PULLING OUT ALL STOPS FOR
GREEN ENERGY CORRIDOR
OCEAN WARMING ON SPIKE DUE TO
RISING SLOPE OF CO2 EMISSIONS
US ADVANCES RESEARCH ON
CONVERTING FOOD WASTE INTO
ESSENTIAL BATTERY COMPONENTS

JOB AND CARRER

WHAT DO YOU WANT
TO DO WITH YOUR
LIFE?

EDITORIAL BOARD
MEET
OUR
TEAM
 SUNDAY, 16 JANUARY 2022

CURRENT AFFAIRS
25th National Youth Festival sets mark with
social and cultural uniqueness

Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi inaugurated the 25th National Youth Festival on
12th January, 2022 at 11 AM in Puducherry, via video conferencing. 12th January
being the birth anniversary of Swami Vivekananda, the great philosopher and
thinker, is observed as National Youth Day every year.
The inauguration was followed by the National Youth Summit which aimed to
galvanise, ignite, unite and activate the youth towards nation building. During the
summit, the youth got an opportunity to express their views on current issues like
Environment, Climate Change, SDG Led Growth, Technology, Entrepreneurship and
Innovation, Indigenous and Ancient Wisdom, National Character, Nation Building
among others. The participants got a glimpse of Auroville, Immersive City
Experience of Puducherry, indigenous sport games from all across the country &
folk dances etc. Other highlights of the festival include Live Musical Performance,
Interactive Yoga session by Auroville & Art of Living instructors.
The virtual festival saw a large participation from across the country. The National
Youth Festival also provided an arena, by creating a mini-India, where youth
interacted in formal and informal settings and exchanged their social and cultural
uniqueness. As a tribute to the contribution of Sri Aurobindo and Mahakavi
Subramania Bharathi towards Indian independence struggle and their fruitful efforts
towards inculcation of the spirit of nationalism among the citizens of the country
through their literary works, the 25th National Youth Festival was celebrated in
partnership with Puducherry which is blessed with thoughts of both Sri Aurobindo
and Mahakavi Subramania Bharathi. During the event, the Prime Minister will unveil
selected essays on “Mere Sapno ka Bharat” and “Unsung Heroes of Indian Freedom
Movement”. These essays have been selected from submissions by over 1 lakh youth
on the two themes.
PAGE 1
 SUNDAY, 16 JANUARY 2022

AZADI KA AMRIT MAHOTSAVA TO BE

TAKEN OFF AS A SERIES OF THIRTY
EVENTS CELEBRATION
MoHUA is organizing a series of 30 events under the call of Azadi ka Amrit
Mahotsav to commemorate the 75th anniversary of Independence. AKAM
celebrations were inaugurated by the Prime Minister in March 2021 which
marked a 75-week countdown to the 75th Anniversary of our independence in
August, 2022 and will continue a year thereafter until August, 2023.
At the time of independence, only 17% of Indians lived in urban areas, while
today the percentage has more than doubled. The Ministry of Housing and
Urban Affairs is committed to lead from the front in making comprehensive
contributions to the ever-evolving field of urban development. The Ministry’s
people-centric strategy covering three important dimensions of urban life-
Liveability, Economic-ability and Sustainability, is embodied in programmes.
MoHUA’s AKAM initiatives, covering the ‘whole of Government’ approach,
are built around large-scale people’s participation. They highlight the
country’s rich cultural heritage and its future aspirations and spirit of
innovation. The events are witnessing an overwhelming response from
citizens, public representatives, community organizations, industry, academia
and start-ups.
The 6 main events will be organized in Surat on the 4th and 5th of February,
2022. The dates are tentative, considering COVID-19 situation in the country.
The events, started from 1st January 2022, are witnessing overwhelming
response, more than 3 lakh Indian citizens are expected to participate in
MoHUA’s AKAM celebrations.
Given the current pandemic conditions, MoHUA has decided to conduct the
events in a hybrid model, emphasizing digital participation. 4 events which
have already started - GIS Hackathon, Smart cities and Academia towards
Action & Research.
Under SAAR event, on 6th January, 2022, an online meeting was conducted
between 15 colleges/universities, 47 cities, NIUA and MoHUA to initiate the
program for documenting 75 impactful projects that have been implemented
under Smart Cities. Moreover, the Climate awareness campaign that launched
on 27th December, 2021 aims to reach out to 1 lakh citizens in 100 smart
cities.

PAGE 2
 SUNDAY, 16 JANUARY 2022

InnAccel and NIRAMAI on highs after receiving

World Bank Group and the Consumer Technology
Association's Global Women's HealthTech Awards
NIRAMAI Health Analytics Pvt.
Ltd. and InnAccel Technologies
Pvt. Ltd., two start-ups supported
by DBT-BIRAC), have received
the World Bank Group and the
Consumer Technology
Association's Global Women's
Health Tech Awards, which
recognises innovative startups
that leverage tech to improve
women's health and safety in
emerging markets.

NIRAMAI Health Analytics Pvt. Ltd, a recipient of BIRAC's Women in

Entrepreneurial ResearchAward 2019, was selected for its novel software-
based medical device that detects early-stage breast cancer in a simple and
private way on women of all age groups and breast densities, addressing a
critical unmet need in cancer screening. The solution developed is a low cost,
accurate, automated, portable, contactless, radiation-free, and painless cancer
screening tool with no known side effects. The core innovation is a machine
learning and AI-based Computer Diagnostic Engine called Thermalytix that
uses artificial intelligence algorithms to interpret thermal images and
generates a quantitative report for breast health and likely abnormalities. So
far, over 45,000 women have been screened through the startup's tie-ups with
over 30 hospitals and diagnostic centres across India. InnAccel Technologies
Pvt Ltd., a recipient of DBT and BMGF'sGrand Challenges Exploration-India
2019, was adjudged a winner of the Global Women's Health Tech Awards for
Foetal Lite, a next-generation, AI-powered foetal heart rate (FHR) monitor
based on foetal ECG signal extraction technology for mothers in labour or
post 37 weeks of gestation. Foetal Lite is European CE Certified and has
completed 2 clinical trials of 60+ patients with excellent results and
completed the demo in 30+ Hospitals. The device can be used for both active
and remote monitoring in the in-hospital and in-home settings. So far, the
device has helped doctors to monitor 5000 cases, including in tribal areas,
and has the potential to save 1.2 million lives per year across the world.

PAGE 3
 SUNDAY, 16 JANUARY 2022

QES Announces Upsurge of Employment in 9

sectors
The Union labour ministry’s releases quarterly employment survey (QES) about estimated
number of jobs in nine key sectors — manufacturing, education, accomodation and restaurant,
transport, trade, construction, health , IT/BPO sector and financial Increase in percentage of
female workers — increased by two lakh to reach a total of 3.10 crore between July and
September 2021. According to the 6th Economic Census conducted in 2013-14, the total
employment of these nine sectors was 2.37 crore. The main aim of QES was to address the gaps
of last year's All India Quarterly Establishment-based Employment Survey (AQEES).
Estimations that QES revealed :
The manufacturing sector clocking the maximum growth of 39.1 per cent of total
employment, followed by education (22 per cent) , health as well as IT/BPOs sectors both
around 10 per cent ,Trade(5.3) and transport sectors (4.6 per cent).
Regular workers constitute 87% of the workforce in the nine selected sectors, whereas only
2% are casual workers. However, in the construction sector, 20 % of the workers were
contractual and 6.4% were casual workers.
98.3% of the establishments were located outside households, though 5.1 per cent of units in
the accommodation and restaurants sector — the highest among all sectors — were found to
operate from within households.
90% of the establishments work with less than 100 workers, though 30% of the IT/BPO
establishments worked with at least 100 workers, including about 12% engaging 500 workers
or more. In the first round of the QES, 91% of establishments were reported to have worked
with less than 100 workers in the IT/BPO sector. In the health sector, 19% of the
establishments had 100 or more workers and in the transport sector, 14% of the total
estimated establishments were operating with 100 or more workers.
28.4% of those working in seven of the nine sectors (excluding education and health) were
less educated, while another 37% were graduates. Whereas , at 91.6%, the maximum number
of graduates were found to be working in the IT/BPO sector, followed by 59.8% in financial
services. In the health sector, as few as 18% of the non-clinical workers were
matriculates/secondary or less educated.
Vacancies: For all the sectors combined, 5.6% of the total establishments reported vacancies
which were in total 4.3 lakh. The reason for vacancies In 65.8% of cases was non-specific
and in 23% due to resignation and the remaining 11.7% due to retirement of employees.
Overall, four sectors — education, manufacturing, IT/BPOs, and health — accounted for 91
per cent of the reported vacancies, the survey shows.

PAGE 4
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SUNDAY, 16 JANUARY 2022

Govt to organise
first-ever 'Startup
India Innovation'
week from Jan 10-
16

The Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade will virtually organise
the first-ever ‘Startup India Innovation Week’ from 10th-16th January 2022.
Ministry of Commerce’s Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade
(DPIIT) will organise the first-ever ‘Startup India Innovation Week’ from 10th-16th
January 2022.
The startup and innovation festival's primary goal is to bring together the country's
key startups, entrepreneurs, investors, incubators, funding entities, banks,
policymakers, and other national, international stakeholders to celebrate
entrepreneurship and promote innovation.
The festival aims to provide a platform for the exchange of knowledge on nurturing
startup ecosystems; to develop entrepreneurial ecosystem capacities; to mobilise
global and domestic capital for startup investments; to encourage and inspire the
youth for innovation and entrepreneurship; to provide market access opportunities to
startups; and to showcase high-quality, high-technology, and frugal innovations from
India, the ministry added.
With the participation of states, UTs and various departments of the central
government, the week-long programme will address key aspects of the startup
ecosystem through interactive sessions, workshops, and presentations based on
themes such as academia & mentorship support to startups, incubation and
acceleration support to startups, market access through corporates & government to
startups, and funding & international avenues to go global. In addition, based on the
identified themes, there will be various parallel activities such as Experience Booths,
Pitching or Reverse Pitching Sessions, and Innovation Showcases.
PAGE
5
 SUNDAY, 16 JANUARY 2022

Integrated science labs,

smart classrooms, play-
based learning and
support for vocational
education will be among
the focus areas of the
Samagra Shiksha
Abhiyan’s five-year plan

Integrated science labs, smart classrooms, play-based learning and support for vocational
education will be among the focus areas of the Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan’s five-year plan,
which has been sent to states and Union Territories. Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan was launched in
2018 to provide holistic school education. Instead of disparate schemes that looked at pre-school,
primary and secondary schools in silos, the scheme treats school as a continuum — from pre-
school and primary to senior secondary levels. The scheme was extended up to 2025-26 in
August 2021. The scheme has been aligned with the recommendations of the National Education
Policy and “many transformative recommendations of NEP 2020 have been made part of it”,
says the five-year plan, a copy of which is with TOI. The education ministry said the estimated
share of the Centre for 2022-23 would be Rs 42,211 crore, while states and UTs would spend Rs
23,443 crore. Among other thrust areas, the plan includes annual calendar activities, national
initiative for proficiency in reading with understanding; implementation of VidyaPravesh— a
three-month play-based school preparation module for Class I; targeted and saturation approach
for expansion of secondary and senior secondary education; access and retention; and quality
and innovation. The government has announced its aim of achieving 100% GER (gross
enrolment ratio) at all levels as envisaged in NEP 2020. To this end, the Centre has asked states
and UTs to send their proposals for opening new secondary and senior secondary schools based
on GIS mapping done by the education ministry. In a bid to arrest the dropout rate, which is
higher in senior classes and to ensure universal access and retention, the ministry suggested “a
two two three month readiness module for children entering in Class lX so that they are prepared
for the secondary stage”. The document also says that “50% of the composite secondary/ senior
secondary schools, as envisaged in NEP 2020, will be provided support for vocational education
in the next 4 years”. The Centre has also asked states and UTs to draw up plans to provide
integrated science labs, ensure electricity for ICT and smart classrooms in all schools. This is
apart from ensuring that all schools have adequate facilities for toilets, and drinking waterand
sanitary pad vending machines in girls’ hostels.
PAGE 6
 SUNDAY, 16 JANUARY 2022

INTERNATIONAL

India, South Korea

agree to resolve
issues to achieve
$50bn trade by ’30

India and South Korea on Tuesday

agreed to expand trade by upgrading
the existing bilateral agreement and
resolving industry-specific issues to
achieve $50 billion bilateral trade
by 2030.

Commerce minister Piyush Goyal and Korean trade minister Yeo Han-Koo on Tuesday held
“wide-ranging discussions” covering bilateral trade and investment-related matters in New
Delhi, a commerce ministry statement said. “The Ministers agreed to impart fresh momentum
to the discussions on CEPA (Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement) up-gradation
negotiations and also promote extensive B2B (business-to-business) interactions on trade and
investment between the industry leaders of the two countries,” it said.
The two ministers agreed with “the spirit of openness” to address difficulties expressed by
industry from both sides and instructed their respective negotiating teams to meet on a regular
basis in order to conclude the CEPA up-gradation negotiations as soon as possible to achieve
the target of $50 billion before 2030, which was agreed at the summit meeting in 2018, it
said.
“The ministers agreed to boost bilateral trade between India and Korea to achieve growth in a
fair and balanced manner to the mutual advantage of both sides,” it added.

PAGE 7
 SCIENCE
SUNDAY,
SUNDAY, 16
16 JANUARY
JANUARY 2022
2022

India
Commences
with the booster
dose of Covid-19

Preliminary health care and frontline workers, as well senior

citizens with comorbidities, are eligible to receive their third
dose of a Covid-19 vaccine and can get their doses starting
from January 10.This action was being taken to provide an
extra layer of security to our health care and frontline workers.
The extra or third dose will be of the same jab and is beneficial
for inoculating the first two times. Providing further
convenience,who intend to take their precautionary dose need
not register separately for it. Instead, people can schedule their
appointments through the CoWin app and, once scheduled, can
simply go to the centre and get vaccinated for a third time.

PAGE 8
 SUNDAY, 16 JANUARY 2022

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI)

IS AGAIN ON QUEUE TO PROVIDE CLEAN DRINKING WATER AT A LESSER COST

Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) Science & Technology; Minister of State
(Independent Charge) Earth Sciences; MoS PMO, Personnel, Public Grievances, Pensions,
Atomic Energy and Space, Dr Jitendra Singh launched Artificial Intelligence (AI) driven Start-
Up by IIT alumni for water purification through innovative technology which aims to provide
clean drinking water at a price much lesser than the market price.
A MoU was also signed between Technology Development Board (TDB), a statutory body of the
Department of Science & Technology, Government of India and M/s Swajal Water Private
Limited, a tech Start Up company founded by ex-IITians based in Gurugram.
Dr Jitendra Singh launched state-of-the-art Heli-borne survey technology for groundwater
management, developed by CSIR-NGRI Hyderabad with Union Minister for Jal Shakti,
Gajendra Singh Shekawat from Jodhpur in October, last year. To start with, the States of
Rajasthan, Gujarat, Punjab and Haryana are being taken up for this latest heli-borne survey.
The Gurugram based company’s patented system, ‘Clairvoyant’ uses artificial intelligence to
optimise purification systems and predict future breakdown allowing it to remotely manage,
update, and repair each system in real time. They have also developed clean drinking water
solutions in the form of Water ATMS, which combines Internet of Things technology with solar
energy to provide clean drinking water. Theserural Water ATM by Swajal proposed to use solar
energy to pump water from rivers, wells, ponds or groundwater depending upon the location.
The water will then be treated with appropriate technology to make it healthy & pure for
drinking. With this innovation, the cost of purified water can be brought down to as low as 25
paise per litre.
Secretary, TDB, Shri Rajesh Kr. Pathak, IP&TAFS has said that this project will empower
communities to plan & monitor their drinking water needs with community ownership, and will
get affordable, accessible, reliable, and clean drinking water 24x7 throughout all 365 days of the
year. TDB is committed to support such innovative technologies for mass utility.

PAGE 9
 SUNDAY, 16 JANUARY 2022

EUROPEAN UNION
PITCHES ON FOR NUCLEAR POWER TO STEP IT UP AS A SUSTAINABLE OPTION

The trouble with renewable power is that it is intermittent but, the

The European power that is generated from solar and wind plants can be stored in the
forms of giant batteries, pumped hydropower or as green hydrogen or
Commission is all molten salt. But storage costs money which raises the appeal for nuclear
energy.
ready to clock in When renewable power is generated in robust quantities and no power is
drawn from conventional sources, the system has to pay for the

by spending $622 availability of conventional thermal plants.

Nuclear power doesn’t produce carbon and is a stable form of power

billion in the next supply which generates no cost as compared to that of renewable power.
Europe already depends on nuclear power for a quarter of its generation
capacity even after experiencing the dismay of Chernobyl and
30 years for Fukushima. However, newer technologies can fix the risks of
proliferation, and disposal of the spent fuel.
nuclear energy as Nuclear power technology is being advanced by two factors. One being
the economical nature of small modular reactors as compared to
a green technology conventional built reactors. And the second being nuclear fusion with
New superconducting materials.

to combat climate This decision by the European Union will give a boost to nuclear energy
across the world according to which the renewable power and the

change. development of green hydrogen needs to be complemented for nuclear

power.

PAGE 10
 SUNDAY, 16 JANUARY 2022

TECHNOLOGY
RBI TO SET UP NEW FINTECH DEPARTMENT TO
PUSH INNOVATION

After setting up a financial technology unit back in 2018, the Reserve Bank of
India (RBI) said it will now put together a separate fintech department in view of
the sector’s rapidly changing landscape.
In an internal circular, the central bank said it decided to set up the department
to further focus and facilitate innovation in the Indian fintech sector.
“Accordingly, a new department has been created with effect from January 4,
2022, by subsuming the fintech division of DPSS, CO. The department will not
only promote innovation in the sector but also identify the challenges and
opportunities associated with it and address them in a timely manner,” RBI said
in the circular.
DPSS is the department of payment and settlement systems, which works on
policy formation and authorization of payment and settlement system operators
in the country, among other things.
Along with identifying challenges and opportunities, the new fintech department
will also provide a framework for further research on the subject that could aid
policy interventions by the central bank, RBI said in the circular, which ET has
reviewed.
“Accordingly, if matters related to the facilitation of constructive innovations and
incubations in the fintech sector, which may have wider implications for the
financial sector/markets and fall under the purview of the Bank, will be dealt
with by the fintech department,” it said.
According to the central bank, the fintech department will be administratively
attached to the centralized administrative division (CAD) of the central office.
The fintech sector has faced several regulatory changes as new-age startups enter
the financial services sector. Last month, RBI extended the deadline for card
tokenization—from January 1, 2022, to June 30, 2022—after several companies
and industry bodies said they needed more time to make the necessary changes.
As part of the new rules, online merchants are barred from storing the card
details of users on their platforms. This is meant to curtail online payment fraud,
but will also increase friction in online payments with users having to re-enter
their card details for every purchase.

PAP
GAEG1E1 1 4
 SUNDAY, 16 JANUARY 2022

हिंदी विभाग
परीक्षा
ह म स भी प री क्षा श ब् द से का फी वा कि फ हैं चा हे व ह वि द्या र्थि यों के वि ष य में हो या फि र आ म
जी व न में । प री क्षा दे ने से ह मा रे अं द र प्र ति यो गि ता की भा व ना का वि का स हो ता है , ह मा री बु द्धि
को चु नौ ती मि ल ती है ए वं ह में प रि श्र म क र ने के लि ए दृ ढ़ ब ना ती हैं । ह मा रे सा म ने कि सी भी
त र ह की प री क्षा हो चा हे व ह स् कू ल की प री क्षा हो या ह मा रे जी व न की प री क्षा , उ स स म य ह में
य ह न हीं सो च ना चा हि ए कि ह म स फ ल हों गे या अ स फ ल , उ स व क्त ह में ब स ह मा रे अं द र
जि त ना भी अ नु भ व औ र ज्ञा न है , उ स के सा थ अ प नी का बि लि य त का प्र द र्श न क र प री क्षा दे नी
चा हि ए ।

प री क्षा की तै या री ए क या दो ह फ्ते में न हीं हो ती ; सा ल भ र जो भी ह में प ढ़ा या ग या है ह म

उ स का ए क या दो ह फ्ते में सं शो ध न क र स क ते हैं , प रं तु य ह सं भ व न हीं कि जो बा री कि यां
ह म ने सा ल भ र में सी खी हैं व ह ह म चं द दि नों में प्रा प् त क र स कें । अ तः य ह म ह त्व पू र्ण है कि
ह र वि ष य का अ ध् य य न ह म शि क्ष कों के प ढ़ा ने के सा थ सा थ ही पू र्ण क रे ।

प री क्षा का अ भ् या स क र के ह म अ प नी तै या री का आ क ल न क र स क ते हैं औ र ज हां सु धा र की

आ व श् य क ता है व हां ध् या न दे स क ते हैं , सा थ ही सा थ अ प ने लि खा ई प र भी सु धा र क र स क ते
हैं । प री क्षा के दि नों में ह में अ प ने आ त् म वि श्वा स को ब ना ए र ख ना भी आ व श् य क है । प री क्षा
कि त नी भी क ठि न या स र ल क्यों ना हो , ह में अ प ना आ पा न हीं खो ना चा हि ए औ र शां ति से ह र
ए क प्र श्न को प ढ़ क र उ स प र वि चा र क र के उ स का उ त्त र दे ना चा हि ए ।

ह में प री क्षा के दि नों व सा मा न्य दि नों में भी अ प ने म स्ति ष् क में शां ति ब ना ए र ख ना चा हि ए

जि स के लि ए ह म प्र ति दि न 1 5 मि न ट ध् या न क र ने का अ भ् या स क र स क ते हैं । ध् या न के सा थ
ह में अ प ने खा न - पा न व नीं द का भी स ही त री के से ख्या ल र ख ना चा हि ए ।

ए क बा त औ र जो ह म स भी की चिं ता का वि ष य है ज ब भी ह म प ढ़ ने बै ठ ते हैं तो ह मा रे
दि मा ग में अ ल ग - अ ल ग ख्या ल व वि चा र आ जा ते हैं जि स के का र ण ह मा रा म न अ स्थि र हो
जा ता है । जि स का ह में पू र्ण रू प से वि रो ध क र ना है औ र ह में अ प ने म न को नि यं त्रि त क र के
का र्य क र ना है ।

प री क्षा औ र क ठि ना ई जी व न के अं ग हैं जि स का आ ह्वा न ह में जी व न प र्यं त क र ना है । जी व न के

ह र प ड़ा व प र ह म ए क अ ल ग प री क्षा का सा म ना क रें गे जि स के लि ए ह में अ प नी मे ह न त में
थो ड़ी सी भी क मी न हीं छो ड़ नी है । अं त में ह मा रा सं घ र्ष ही ह में ह र प ड़ा व को पा र क र ने में
म द द क रे गा ।
अ तः आ शा है कि आ प अ प नी ह र प री क्षा में पू री नि ष्ठा व ल ग न के सा थ आ गे ब ढ़ें गे ।

PAGE 12
 SUNDAY, 16 JANUARY 2022

BUSINESS
India to be on spikes for global growth rates in this decade

India will lead the global growth rates significantly in this decade as the economy fully opens
up post-pandemic, said Chairman, Tata Sons, N Chandrasekaran,. He added that the pandemic
has not really impacted the long-term growth trajectory of the country.
He also remarked that though pandemic has meant acceleration in certain aspects, such as,
digital transformation and adoption of digital way of life, however, he cautioned that this
adoption has not been equitable.
He reiterated that the government can focus on policy making, but India Inc. will also have to
play its role. “Access to healthcare and education among other things should become a national
priority.”
The other point he laid emphasis on was sustainability. While he commended the government
on its bold move of achieving net zero by 2070, there needs to be much more to be done.
When it comes to adopting digital, the pandemic has contributed immensely. Chandrasekaran
shared that India has a 10-year advantage in terms of management change. But when it comes
to tech he stated that what is important will be making tech like AI and ML relevant for
everyone.
India has the mindset to build platforms at scale, at a cheaper transaction cost. So, the issue
though, is how to make AI and Machine learning relevant for everyone. This view that AI and
machine learning is a software, people's job, or AI Machine learning is for the elite should go.
How do you make AI, machine learning, cloud, work for everybody- to work for field workers,
truck drivers, all kinds of professionals in the urban areas, rural areas is crucial.

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 SUNDAY, 16 JANUARY 2022

Tax laws in Budget to be amended

as tax cryptocurrency gains

The government is introducing changes in the income tax

laws to bring cryptocurrencies under the tax net, with some
changes that could form part of the Budget next year.
Revenue Secretary, Tarun Bajaj said that in terms of income tax, some people are already paying capital gains tax
on the income from cryptocurrency, and in respect of Goods and Services Tax (GST) also the law is "very clear" that
the rate would be applicable as those in case of other services.
Separately, the government is likely to introduce a bill on cryptocurrencies during the Winter Session of Parliament
beginning November 29, amid concerns over such currencies being allegedly used for luring investors with
misleading claims.
Currently, there is no regulation or any ban on use of cryptocurrencies in the country. Against this backdrop, Prime
Minister Narendra Modi, last week, held a meeting on cryptocurrencies with senior officials and indications are that
strong regulatory steps could be taken to deal with the issue.
The RBI has repeatedly reiterated its strong views against cryptocurrencies saying they pose serious threats to the
macroeconomic and financial stability of the country and also doubted the number of investors trading on them as
well as their claimed market value.
The RBI had announced its intent to come out with an official digital currency, in the face of proliferation of
cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin about which the central bank has many concerns.
It can be noted that on March 4, 2021, the Supreme Court had set aside an RBI circular of April 6, 2018, prohibiting
banks and entities regulated by it from providing services in relation to virtual currencies.

Coral Blue Investments to take over Sutherlands Holdings

The Competition Commission of India approves

acquisition of shares in Sutherland Global Holdings
Inc. by Coral Blue Investment Pvt. Ltd.
The combination pertains to the acquisition of Series
C Preferred Stock convertible to common stock of
Sutherland Global Holdings Inc. in two tranches by
the Coral Blue Investment Pte Ltd. subject to the
fulfillment of relevant conditions.
GIC Investor, owned by GIC Blue Holdings which in turn, is owned by GIC, is a special purpose vehicle
organized as a company in Singapore. It’s a group investment holding company managed by GIC Special
Investments, GIC Private Limited and the Integrated Strategies Group of GIC.
Sutherland is a holding company and a global IT service provider specializing in the provision of
integrated BPO, business transformation, cloud, back office, and front office services, business process and
technology management services.

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 SUNDAY, 16 JANUARY 2022

ENVIRONMENT
US ADVANCES RESEARCH ON CONVERTING
FOOD WASTE INTO ESSENTIAL BATTERY
COMPONENTS

The world strives for economic and eco-friendly ways to furnish power for devices.
With concern, two Virginia Tech researchers investigate how food waste and its
associated biomass can be converted into rechargeable batteries , since demand for
these reusable batteries has skyrocketed which stands in need of a way to reduce the
environmental impacts of batteries.
The research is funded through a three-year, $450,000 grant from the United States
Department of Agriculture Foundational and Applied Science Program with the
priority area of bioprocessing and bioengineering. The grant runs through April 2023.
The team uses highly tunable, abundant, and cost-effective raw materials to address
the need in the energy storage field.
Based on the preliminary results, the researchers found that the fiber component in
food waste was the key to develop advanced carbon materials that host alkali metal,
such as lithium and sodium which could be used as a battery anode, the negative
terminal on a battery. Using waste-derived carbon materials as the host for metal
anodes could significantly reduce alkali metal usage per battery.
The researchers found that when certain compounds were removed from the equation,
the essential components of cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin after thermal
treatment could sufficiently work for a battery.
In the upcoming final two years of the project, the researchers will further test the
food-waste-turned-carbon, with feedback from the lab to optimize the battery science.
The final step will be an economic analysis on the feasibility of implementing this
technology to ensure usage when pushed to the market.
PAGE 15
 SUNDAY, 16 JANUARY 2022

CABINET
CLEARS
₹12K-CR IN
LIEU OF
PULLING OUT
ALL STOPS
FOR GREEN
ENERGY
CORRIDOR

Green energy corridors are being set up in two phases with the second phase of the
transmission corridors to supply 20 gigawatt (GW) of renewable energy to the national
grid from the seven states of Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Rajasthan,
Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh.
As part of India’s green energy push, the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs
(CCEA) chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Thursday approved the ₹12,031
crore second phase of setting up transmission projects for supplying electricity from
renewable energy projects.
The government is pulling out all stops to ensure that this huge injection of electricity
in the grid from infirm sources such as solar and wind doesn’t pose any threat to the
national grid. These corridors form an important component to ensure that the grid
frequency always remains within the 49.90-50.05 Hz (hertz) band.
The first phase of green energy corridors is under implementation in Andhra Pradesh,
Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan and
Tamil Nadu and will help supply around 24 GW of renewable energy by 2022.
India has achieved its NDC target with total non-fossil based installed energy capacity
of 157.32 GW which is 40.1% of the total installed electricity capacity. Of this, solar,
wind and hydropower accounts for 48.55 GW, 40.03 GW and 51.34 GW respectively.
Also, India’s nuclear energy based installed electricity capacity stands at 6.78 GW.
Also, 63 GW of renewable energy capacity is under various phases of construction and
installed power capacity from non-fossil fuels is expected to go up to 66% by 2030.
The interest in India’s green energy economy
continues to grow with the sector receiving
foreign direct investment (FDI) of $7.27 billion
from 2014-15 up to June 2021. Of this $797.21
million was received during 2020-21. According
to the Central Electricity Authority, by 2030, the
country’s power requirement would be 817GW,
more than half of which would be clean energy.

PAGE 16
 SUNDAY, 16 JANUARY 2022

OCEAN WARMING ON SPIKE DUE TO

RISING SLOPE OF CO2 EMISSIONS
The UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development Goals, was introduced to
maintain human societies, natural ecosystems around the globe, and the overall health of the
world’s oceans.

The report published on 11 January summarises the two international datasets from both the
IAP at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and from the National Centres for Environmental
Information of the NOAA. Both institutions observe the world’s oceans and their heat content.

Researchers discovered that the upper 2,000 metres in the world’s oceans absorbed fourteen
more Zettajoules over the last year compared to the data accumulated in 2020.

The ocean absorbs 20 to 30% of human carbon dioxide emissions, leading to ocean
acidification; however, ocean warming reduces the efficiency of oceanic carbon uptake and
leaves more carbon dioxide in the air. A consequence of this is regional marine heat waves,
which have significant impacts on marine life. Although in the top 10 warmest years, global
surface temperatures for 2021 aren’t the highest because of La Niña, ocean heat content is one
of the best indicators of climate change. Studies show that the pattern of ocean warming is a
result of human-related changes in atmospheric composition, as oceans warm, the water
expands and sea level rises. Warmer oceans also supercharge weather systems creating more
powerful storms and hurricanes, as well as increasing precipitation and flood risk.

The oceans are absorbing most of the heating from human carbon and until we reach net zero
emissions, that heating will continue, and we’ll continue to break ocean heat content records,
as we did this year. Better awareness and understanding of the oceans are a basis for the
actions to combat climate change.

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 SUNDAY, 16 JANUARY 2022

JOB AND CAREER

What Do You Want to Do With Your Life?

What do you want to do with your life? It’s a question almost everyone asks themselves. It’s also a question
I don’t believe you should bother asking in the first place.
“I don’t know what I want to do in life, all I know is that it isn’t this.”
That was the sentiment a friend reflected to me. She’s in her mid-twenties, smart, savvy and hard working.
But she is still stuck working jobs that don’t hover much beyond minimum wage. Every year, she tells me,
that she applies for Universities, but never goes through with it. Why? Because she can’t answer that
question.

Passion Evolves
I worry a lot of people fall into the same trap. The trap of believing that they need to make big life decisions
before they can start doing anything. The trap that you need to be born with a passion. And the lie that being
able to combine your interests with a profession is easy.
When people ask me what I’m going to be doing in five or ten years, I usually tell them I’m going to be an
entrepreneur. “Oh. What’s your business going to be?” I have reason to believe this internet business could
be it. Between revenues and freelance work I’m expecting to make about ten thousand dollars this year.
Concentrated effort for the next four or five years could definitely make this a livable income.
But I don’t usually say that. Because it isn’t the point. In all honesty, I have no idea where I am going to be
in a decade. My track record shows that my passions have evolved considerably, even over the last couple
years.

Ben Casnocha, the 19-year old CEO of Comcate, shows how his passion didn’t start with a flash of insight,
in the book My Start Up Life:
“It didn’t start with a dream. It didn’t start with in a garage. It didn’t even start with an innovative epiphany,
which are perhaps entrepreneurs’ most overplayed recollections.” He continues, relating the story of Jerry
Kaplan’s epiphany moment in Kaplan’s book, Start Up. To which Ben adds, “I wish my epiphany were as
primal. It wasn’t, and most aren’t.” [emphasis mine]
As Ben shares his story of being a teenage CEO, it becomes clear that his passion evolved. There were
interests in entrepreneurship and making a difference. But from these interests, he made smaller steps, each
building a passion. I don’t believe his journey ever started with deciding what he wanted to do with his life.

PAGE 18
 SUNDAY, 16 JANUARY 2022

Replace Decision with Curiosity

Instead of making definite decisions about a career path, I believe you should get curious. Get curious
about the way the world works. Notice your own interests and find small ways you can exercise passion in
something. Even if you can’t find a way to make money off of it yet.
The bridge from passion to money-maker can’t be made hastily. Interests often get discarded because they
cannot be immediately relayed into a source of income. And therefore aren’t as important as work that
does.
Blogging is a great example. I know many bloggers who want to go pro. They want to take the interest they
have and turn it into a passionate source of income. But blogging isn’t easy. Even the most rapid successes
I’ve seen, took over a year before the author could claim blogging as more than a hobby. And those were
due to writing talent, luck and an incredible amount of work.
Patience is a necessary ingredient in evolving a passion. But even more, you need to be open to other
possibilities.

Interest to Income Isn’t a Straight Path

80% of new businesses fail in the first five years. But more interesting, is that of the 20% that succeeded,
most didn’t do so in the way they had expected to.
Before setting up his immensely popular website, Steve Pavlina believed he would make most his revenue
through products and workshops. But close to five years later, he makes all of it from advertising and
affiliate sales. A revenue prospect he downplayed when making his business plan.
Similarly, I don’t believe that most people’s passions follow a straight path. Scott Adams began with a
degree in economics and a position in a bank and now he is the successful cartoonist who created Dilbert.

!! Seven Steps to Evolving a Passion… and Making

it Work !!

Step One – Gather Sparks of Curiosity

The first step is to simply invest your energy into whims. Those little sparks of interest where you don’t
know enough to make them a passion. This means reading different books, taking on different activities
and meeting different people.

Step Two: Fan the Flames of Interest

After exposing yourself to a lot of randomness, you need to cultivate the successes. Build upon the little
sparks of interest that come by your life. If you read a book about physics and like the subject, try taking a
physics class. If you enjoy some basic programming try a small software project.

PAGE 19
 SUNDAY, 16 JANUARY 2022

Step Three: Cut Out Distractions

Cultivating whims and exploring new passions requires time. If your interests are genuine and worth
exploring, it shouldn’t be too difficult to eliminate the non-essentials. Distractions such as television, excess
internet usage and video games only take a bit of conditioning to free up. The hard part is reallocating time
you don’t believe is yours.

Step Four: Living Minimally

Valid passions need time to grow into income generating skills. Avoid expanding your life to fit a bigger
and bigger paycheck if you aren’t living your passion. Otherwise you simply trap yourself into a life that is
comfortable, but otherwise dead.

Step Five: Make a Passion that Creates Value

If you have a skill that creates social value, you can make money through almost any medium. Monetizing a
passion takes skill, as any entrepreneur can tell you, but without providing legitimate value it is impossible.
You need to transform your developing passions into a skill that can fill human needs. Some passions are
easy to translate. An interest in computers could allow you to become a software designer. Others are more
difficult. A passion for poetry, may be more difficult to meet a specific human need.

Step Six: Find a Way to Monetize That Value

Once you have the ability to create social value, you need to turn that into a repeatable process for gaining
income. This could be in the form of a job. As a programmer you could get hired by Google. Or, it could
lead to becoming a freelancer or an entrepreneur.
Monetizing value isn’t easy. It requires that you learn how to market, sell yourself, and find ways to connect
human needs. Whether you intend to work in a job or own a business makes no difference. You are the CEO
of your life, so you need to know how to connect your passions with serving other people.

Step Seven: Go Back to Step One

Describing this process in steps is misleading. It implies that there is a destination. There is no destination.
The process of following whims, cultivating passions, turning them into valuable skills and then finally
earning revenue from them is lifelong.
Not all your passions will or can finish the sixth step. But as persistent as the myth you need to decide what
you want to do with your life, is the myth you can only have one passion. I’m at a point where cultivating
passions has meant I have too many options. Too many possible paths that could lead to enjoyable and
fulfilling careers. Don’t obsess over one failed attempt.

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 SUNDAY, 16 JANUARY 2022

What do you want to do with your life?

Your life doesn’t need to go through a predictable story arc. It doesn’t have to start with
a dream, follow through hard work and end up in a nice home with four bedrooms.
Instead it can twist and travel. You don’t have to know the final answer, you just need
to act on the next step.

PAGE 21
 SUNDAY, 16 JANUARY 2022

MEET OUR
TEAM
MEMBERS!
RUDRAKSH RATHORE (B.Tech CSBS Second year)
HUSAIN RAMPURWALA (B.Tech Second year)
MUKTA GUPTA (B.Tech CSBS Second year)
VARUN SEN (B.Tech CSBS Second year)
DIMPLE AGRAWAL (B.Tech CS-core Second year)
TANVEE KALRA (BCA Science Third year)
HIMANSHI SHARMA (BBA Second year)
ISHAN PATNI (BBA Second year)
NEHA SHARMA (B.Tech EC Second year)
KRATI SENGAR (B.Tech CS-AI Second year)
SHREYA THAKUR (BCA Second year)
AJINKYA BHOITE (B.Tech CS-AI First year)
INSIYA ARIF (B.TECH CSE First year)
SHREYANSH SHYAMSUKHA (B.Tech CS-AI First year)
ADITI DALAL (B.Tech IT First year)
DESHNA JAIN (B.Tech CSBS First year)
AVNI KOCHETA (B.Tech CSBS First year)

PAGE 22
 SUNDAY, 16 JANUARY 2022

REFERENCES
Wion
The Hindu
The Indian express
Naidunia
Dainik Jagran
Dainik bhaskar
Times of India
Economics times
Business today
Pib.India
Indbiz.gov
Cfr: council on foreign relations
Rajyasabha.nic.in
Drishti IAS editorial
Vision IAS editorial

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