Subject: Mathematics Year 8

Strand: Measure
Unit 17 Area, perimeter and volume
Worksheet No.: W17
Term, Year: Term 2, 2019/2020
Name: Class: Date:

1. Learning objectives:
ˆ Know the definition of a circle and the names of its parts; know and use formulae for the circum-
ference and area of a circle.
ˆ Derive and use formulae for the area of a triangle, parallelogram and trapezium; calculate areas of
compound 2D shapes, and lengths, surface areas and volumes of cuboids.
ˆ Use simple nets of solids to work out their surface areas.
2. AREA
ˆ Area is the amount of surface inside a two-dimensional shape.
ˆ Area is a two-dimensional measure, which is why the units are ‘squared’.
ˆ The units of measurement of area are:

– square millimetres (mm2 ) – hectares (ha)

– square centimetres (cm2 ) – square kilometres (km2 )
– square metres (m2 )

3. THE AREA OF A TRIANGLE

ˆ The area of a triangle is half the area of a rectangle which has the same base and height as the
triangle.

ˆ The first two cases are demonstrated easily by drawing a rectangle with the same base and height
as the triangle.

ˆ The height measurement of the triangle must be the perpendicular height, from the base to the
opposite vertex. (The height must be at right angles (90°) to the base.)

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Haese & Harris MYP 1 Chapter 19 Area, volume and capacity Exercise 19D Pages 359 & 360

1. Find the areas of the following triangles:

d . . . . . .37.1 2
. . . . .m. . . . . . . .
e . . . . . . . 6. .m 2
..........
2. Find the shaded area:

b . . . . . . .89 2
. . .m. . . . . . . . .
c . . . . . . .11 2
. . .m. . . . . . . . .

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4. THE AREA OF A PARALLELOGRAM

ˆ We can demonstrate this formula by cutting out a triangle from one end of the parallelogram and
shifting it to the other end. The resulting shape is a rectangle with the same base and height as the
parallelogram.

ˆ The height measurement of the parallelogram must be the perpendicular height. (The height
must be at right angles (90°) to the base.)

5. THE AREA OF A TRAPEZIUM

ˆ We can demonstrate this result using a second trapezium of exactly the same shape. We place the
trapezia together to form a parallelogram.
ˆ ‘Trapezia’ is the plural of trapezium.

ˆ The height measurement of the trapezium must be the perpendicular height. (The height must
be at right angles (90°) to the base.)

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Haese & Harris MYP 2 Chapter 9 Length and area Exercise 9D.2 Pages 190 & 191

2. Find the area of the following parallelograms:

a . . . . . . 24 2
. . .cm
..........
b . . . . . . .48 2
. . .m. . . . . . . . .
3. Find the area of the following trapezia:

b . . . . . .105 2
. . . .cm
.........
c . . . . . . .84 2
. . .m. . . . . . . . .

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6. THE CIRCUMFERENCE OF A CIRCLE

ˆ It has been known for thousands of years that whenever the circumference of a circle is divided by
its diameter the answer is always the same. The exact value is symbolised by the Greek letter π
known as ‘pi’.
circumference
For any circle, =π
diameter
and so circumference = π × diameter or C = π × d.
Since the diameter of the circle is twice the length of its radius, we can also write
circumference = π × 2 × radius or C = 2 × π × r.

ˆ The exact value for π cannot be written down because it is a decimal number which neither termi-
nates (stops) nor recurs. It cannot even be expressed as a fraction. The value of π correct to 36
decimal places is
π ≈ 3.141 592 653 589 793 238 462 643 383 279 502 884

In practice we use π ≈ 3.14, or else use the π button on our calculator.

7. THE AREA OF A CIRCLE

ˆ We can show using geometry that the area of a circle with radius r is the same as the area of a
rectangle with length πr and width r.

So, the area of the circle A = length × width of the rectangle

A=π×r×r
A = π × r2

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Haese & Harris MYP 2 Chapter 18 Circles Exercise 18B.1 Page 357

1. Using π ≈ 3.14, find the circumference of:

g . . . . . 20.724
. . . . . . .m
.......
h . . . . .21.7288
. . . . . . . .m
......
6. Using π ≈ 3.14, find the perimeter of:

b . . . . . .35.7
. . . . .cm
........
c . . . . . .46.84
. . . . . .m. . . . . . .

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 4. A circular pond has diameter 8 m and needs to be fenced for the protection of children. Use π ≈ 3.14.
(a) What length of fencing is required?
(b) Fencing comes in 1 m lengths. How many lengths are needed?
(c) What is the total cost of the fencing if each length costs e25.00?

(a) . . . . . .25.12
.....m
........
(b) . . . . . . .26 m
............
(c) . . . . . . .e650
............

Haese & Harris MYP 2 Chapter 18 Circles Exercise 18B.2 Page 358

1. Find the diameter of a circle with circumference 10 m. Use π ≈ 3.14. Round your answer correct to 3
decimal places (3 d.p.).

. . . . . .3.185
. . . . . .m. . . . . . .
2. Find the radius of a circle with circumference 25.6 m. Use π ≈ 3.14. Round your answer correct to the
nearest metre.

. . . . . . . .4. .m. . . . . . . . .

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Haese & Harris MYP 2 Chapter 18 Circles Exercise 18C Pages 359, 360 & 361

1. Using π ≈ 3.14, find the area of:

a . . . .200.96 2
. . . . . . . cm
........
b . . . . .31 2
. . .400
. . . .m. . . . . . .
5. Using π ≈ 3.14, find the area of:

a . . . . . 25.12 2
. . . . . .m
........
b . . . .36.2984 2
. . . . . . . .cm
.......

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 3. An irrigation sprinkler sprays water over a field. The radius of the spray is 12.6 m. What area of the
field is being watered? Use π ≈ 3.14. Round your answer correct to the nearest metre.

2
. . . . . . 499
. . . .m
.........
4. The rope connecting a goat to a pole is 8 m long. What area of grass can the goat eat? Use π ≈ 3.14.
Round your answer correct to the nearest metre.

2
. . . . . . 201
. . . .m
.........
8. Find the area of the shaded region. Use π ≈ 3.14.

2
. . . . . .7.26
. . . . .m. . . . . . . .
11. Find the shaded area. Use π ≈ 3.14.

2
. . . . .58.875
. . . . . . .m
.......

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 8. THE AREAS OF COMPOUND SHAPES

ˆ A compound shape is a shape that is made up of simple shapes.

ˆ The key to success when using compound shapes is to split the shape into as few simple shapes as
possible, then work out the area of each individual shape.

Haese & Harris MYP 2 Chapter 9 Length and area Exercise 9E Pages 192 & 193

1. Work out the area of the compound shape.

2
. . . . . . .34
. . .m. . . . . . . . .

Haese & Harris MYP 3 Chapter 10 Length and area Exercise 10E Pages 231, 232 & 233

2. Work out the area of the compound shape. Use π ≈ 3.14.

2
. . . . .17
. . .850
. . . .m. . . . . . .

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 9. THE VOLUMES AND SURFACE AREAS OF CUBOIDS

ˆ Cuboids are sometimes called rectangular prisms. A rectangular prism is a 3-dimensional solid with
6 rectangular faces.

Cambridge Checkpoint Mathematics Coursebook 8 Exercise 17.5 Pages 173 & 174

1. Work out the volume of each cuboid.

(a) (c)

2 2
. . . . . .189
. . . .cm
......... . . . . . . .60
. . .m
.........

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2. Work out the surface areas of the cuboids in question 1.

(a) (c)

2 2
. . . . . .222
. . . .cm
......... . . . . . . 122
....m
.........

7. The diagram shows a cuboid. The length of the cuboid is 14 cm. The width of the cuboid is 8 cm. The
volume of the cuboid is 672 cm3 . Work out the surface area of the cuboid.

2
. . . . . .488
. . . .cm
.........
8. The diagram shows a cuboid. The height of the cuboid is 45 mm. The end face is a square. The volume
of the cuboid is 162 cm3 . Work out the surface area of the cuboid.

2
. . . . .184.5
. . . . . .cm
........

10. USING NETS OF SOLIDS TO WORK OUT SURFACE AREAS

ˆ The surface area of a three-dimensional figure with plane faces is the sum of the areas of the faces.
ˆ The surface area of a solid will equal the area of the net which forms it. It is thus often helpful to
draw the net first.

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 MEP Y8 Practice Book A

6.5 Nets of Prisms and Pyramids

In order to draw the nets of some prisms and pyramids, you will need to construct
triangles as well as squares and rectangles.

Example 1
(a) Draw a net for this triangular prism:
(b) Calculate its surface area. 5 cm

4 cm

4 cm
3 cm
Solution
(a) A net is shown below where all lengths marked are in cm.

5
D 3
6 cm2
5 3
4

A B C
4 20 cm2 16 cm2 12 cm2 4

4
5 3
E
6 cm2 3
5

(b) The area of each part of the net has been calculated.
A B C D E
= (5 × 4) + ( 4 × 4) + ( 4 × 3) +  × 4 × 3 +  × 4 × 3
1 1
Surface area
2  2 
= 20 + 16 + 12 + 6 + 6
= 60 cm 2

111
Cambridge Checkpoint Mathematics Coursebook 8 Exercise 17.6 Pages 175 & 176

3. Mia draws a cube of side length 48 mm. She also draws a triangular prism with the dimensions shown.
Mia thinks that the cube and the triangular prism have the same surface area. Is Mia correct? Show
clearly how you worked out your answer.

Yes/No. Surface area of cube =. . .138.24 2 2

. . . . . . .cm
. . . . . ., surface area of the triangular prism =. . .138.54
. . . . . . .cm
. . . . . ..

-THE END-

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