TFN- Midterms

Betty Neuman: Systems Model

- Coping stress
- Systems Model
- Variables
 Physiological Variable
 Psychological Variable
 Socio cultural Variable
 Developmental Variable
 Spiritual Variable

Madelein Leininger: Transcultural Nursing

- Culture Care Diversity and Universality
- Helps nurses discover Care, Values and Practices and use this knowledge in
safe, responsible and meaningful ways to
care for people with diff. Culture
- SIMILARITIES = Culture Universal
- DIFFERENCES = Culture-specific
- Culture
o Attitude
o Belief Particular to a
o Language group of people
o Customs
o Rituals
o Behavior
o Faith/Religion
o Food
o Arts/drama/music
- Care; Assisting, Supporting or enabling experience
- Culture shock; State of being disoriented or unable to respond to a diff culture
- Sunrise Models
- Culturally Competent Care; ability of a practitioner to bridge gaps
Jean Watson: Theory of human Caring
- Caring is the Essence of nursing
- Major Conceptual Factors
 o 10 carative factors
o Transpersonal Caring Relationship
 Nurse patient relationship
o Caring moment | Caring occasion
 When both nurse and patient Met
o Caring-healing Modality
Hildegard Peplau: Nurse-patient
- Knowledge about the potential problems that emerge during a nurse-patient
interaction
- Nurse and patient can interact and must mature.
- Therapeutic nurse-patient relationship
o Orientation –getting to know each other
o Working – Identification and exploitation
 Longest stage
o Resolution – takes place only when the patient has gained the ability to
be free and independent
Joyce Travelbee: Human-to-Human
- The nurse provide quality care and provide trust and confidence
- An experience or series of experience human being; nurse and ill person
- 5 Stage
o Observation
o Interpretation
o Decision making
o Action
o Approval
 ADPIE like
 Systematic (di pwedeng mag iba iba)
- 5 phases
o Original Encounter – nurse and patient forms judges about each other
o Emerging identities – a bond begins to form
o Empathy – involves intellectual and emotional comprehension of others
o Sympathy – not pity, but a demonstration to a person that he’s not
carrying a burden
o Rapport – a process happening and experiencing a series of experience
done by nurse
 Empathy is more therapeutic than sympathy
Ida Jean Orlando: Dynamic Nurse-Patient theory
- Based on the needs of patient
- Communication is essential
- Interaction between nurse and patient
- Patient is the FOCUS
- Nursing process
o ADPIE
Imogene King: Theory of Goal attainment
- Goal – long term and short term
- Assisting individual and maintain or regain health
- FACTORS
o Role
o Space and time
- Factors affecting goals

Personal – Perception, self, growth and developmental

Interpersonal – interaction, communication, transaction, role and stress
Social – organization, authority, Power, status
- Transaction model
Ernestine Weidenbach: Clinical Nursing perspective theory
- CLINICAL NURSING
o Philosophy – attitude or belief of how reality affects them
o Purpose – What nurses ants to fulfill
o Art – includes Understanding patients need and concern, developing
goals and action, Intended to enhance patients ability and directing the
activity related to medical plan
o Practice – observable nursing actions that are affected by belief
- NEED FOR HELP: any measure desired by the patient
 Observing behaviors consistent or inconsistent with their comfort
 Exploring the meaning of their behavior
 Determining the cause of their Discomfort or incapability
 Determining whether they can resolve their problems or have a
need for help
- Judgement
 Clinical Judgement; nurses likeliness to make sound decision
 Sound judgement; result to disciplined functioning of mind and
emotions
Martha E Rogers: Unitary human being
- Major Concept – wholeness, openness, un directionality, pattern and
organization, sentience, and thought characterized the life process
- Postulated four building blocks
 Energy field (human and environmental field)
 Universe of open system (infinite, open and integral with one
another)
 Pattern (Identifies Energy Field)
 Pandimensionality (nonlinear domain without partial or temporal
attributes)
- 3 step process
 Assessment
 Voluntary mutual pattering
 Evaluation
Dorothy Johnsons: Behavioral System Model
- Behavioral Systems model
- Influenced by nightingale
- Be inquisitive (always ask why)
- Has 7 subsystem
 o Attachment of affiliative – survival and security
 Social= friends and family bond
o Support of family or friend
o Dependency - promotes helping behavior
o Ingestive - Conditions of how we eat
o Eliminative - When, how and under what condition we dump
o Sexual - Procreation and Gratification
o Aggressive/protective – Protection and Preservation
o Achievement – the Sense of Fulfillment
Anne Boykin and Savina Schoenhoffer: theory of nursing as Caring
- Caring is not the end rather the means of nursing
- FOCUS is to nurture a person
- INTENTION is to know the person
- Nurse = Nurse
Nursed = Ill / patient
- NURSING SITUATION; Moment to moment | shared and lived experience
- PERSONHOOD; Process of living that is grounded by caring
- DIRECT INVITATION; offering care
- CALL FOR NURSE; Nurse purpose
- NURSING RESPONSE; not planned protocol | unique to every moment
- 6 major assumption
o Person are caring by virtue of their humanness
o Person are caring MOMENT-TO-MOMENT
o Person are whole and complete in the moment
o Personhood are enhanced through participating in nurturing
relationship w/ caring others
o Nursing is both a DISCIPLINE AND PROFESSION
- ONE PERSON CARING ABOUT THE OTHER IS LIFES GREATEST VALUE
Rosemarie Rizzo Parse: Theory of human becoming
- Based on MARTHA ROGERS
- “CO” means TOGETHER WITH
- Principles
o Illimitability – Unbounded | limitless
o Paradox – Not opposite | to be reconcile
o Freedom – Contextually | Construed | Liberation
o Mystery – indivisible | Unpredictable | Ever-changing | Humanuniverse
- Major Concepts
o Structuring meaning is the imagining and valuing of language
 o CONFIGURING rhythmical patterns
o COTRANSCENDING with possible is the powering and imagining things
Paterson and Zderad: Humainstic theory
- Is MULTIDIMENTIONAL
- Human are Patient (PERSON, FAMILY, COMMUNITY or HUMANITY) and Nurse
- 5 PHASES
o Preparation of nurses knower for coming to know
 Open mindedness
o Nurse knowing of the other intuitively
 Diagnosis
o Nurse know the other Scientifically
 Interpretation of data in a nursing perception
o Nurse complimentarily synthesizing known others
 Intervening w/ the patient congruent to the culture
o Succession w/in the nurse from the many to the paradoxical one
 Resolution stage