ANNEXE 1 (GSS FAe 00 or ars for etzvonas srmmnory avo riewtRAL OUGHNESS OF STEEL FIBER REINFORGES CONCRETE 1. scope This standard specifies the methods of tests for Flexural strength and flexural toughness of steel fiber reinforced concrete by third-point loading. TESTING MACHINE AND APPARA 2.1 Testing Machine ‘The testing machine shail be as specified in JIS 87733 (Compression Testing Machines), possible for a flexure test apparatus to be attached, and as a standard shall be a hydraulic type, maximum capacity of not more than 100 tonf. 2.2 Flemure Test Apparatus £ a construction ‘The apparatus for applying third-point lead‘) shall not be to restrain deformation of the specimen by the slightest amount up to the specified deflection. Note 1) Fig. 1 shows an example of the principle of the test apparatus. For flexure supports a set of upper and lover rollers (about 930mm) capable of rotating in the longitudinal direction shall be used. Since steel fiber reinforced concrete will show large deformation, it will be most desirable for flexure supports to be combinations of steel rods and bilge contacts. Sebesca conceit Steno {er toes Acted Fig. L Example of flexure test apparatus. 2.3 Deflection Measurenent Apparatus ‘The deflection measurement apparatus” used for measuring the load-deflection curve of a specinen shall be comprised of electrical linear variable ditterential transformers (LVDT) and jigs to hold them, and shall be capable of measuring deflection with specified accuracy”), Note 2) Fig, 2 shows an example of a deflection measurement apparatus. ‘The pins and angle pieces supporting the aluminun bar or steel bar of che deflection measurement apparatus may be bonded to the specinen with adhesive.Note 3) In case of exactly determining bending toughness, deflections must be measured at locations of loading points (Fig. 2a). However, it will be permissible normally for deflection measured at the middle of the span (Pig. 2b) to be used. Lina variable diferml LVOT boing seven teeniggmere (LYOTD Pine = ¥ ¥ or (8) Manearenan of dflcton mile pone Fig. 2 Example of deflection measurement apparatus. SPECTIENS 3.1 Specimens shall be made in accordance with the Japan Society of Civil Engineers standard, JSCE-SF2 (Method of Making Specisens for Strength and Toughness Tests of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete), or JSCE-SF3 (Method of Making Specimens for Strength and Toughness Tests of Shotcreted Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete) . 3.2. Specimens shall be tested in their conditions immediately after completion of the prescribed curing. : METHOD OF TESTING 4.1 The testing machine shall be used in a range from 1/5 to full capacity. When it is possible to change capacity with the same testing machine, the range shall be considered for each capacity separately. 4.2. The sides of the specimen when fiber reinforced concrete was cast in the mold shall be taken as the top and bottom surfaces. The specinen shall be placed at the middle of the width of the supports and the upper loading apparatus shall be made to contact the third points of the span. In this case, gaps shall not be permitted to be visible between the contact surface Of the loading apparatus and the specimen.4.2. The test span shall be 3 tines the specimen height. 4.4 toad shall be applied to the specimen céntinuously without impact. The rate of loading up to maximum load shall follow JIS AL106 (Method of Test for Flexural Strength of Concrete). In case of measuring deflection beyond the maximum load, the loading shall be performed in a manner to maintain the deflection rate approximately constant. In this case, the deflection rate shall be in a range of 1/1,500 to 1/3,000 of the span minute. 4.5. The maximum load indicated by the testing machine until failure of the specimen shall be read to three significant digits. 4.6 The width of the failed cross-section shall be measured to the nearest 0.2mm at three locations and the average value shall be obtained to four significant digits. 4.7. The height of the failed cross-section shall be measured to the nearest 0.2mm at two locations and the average value shall be obtained to four significant digits. 4.2. The values of flexural strength, residual flexural strength, flexural roughness and equivalent flexural strengh shall be indicated by the averace of not less than four specimens. 4,9 In case the specimen fails outside of the middle third of the span in the tension surface, the results of the test shall be discarded. CALCULATION 5.1 Flexural serengeh Flexural strength shall be calculated by the equation below and be determined to three significant digits. = Be 8 = ba? where, op : flexural strength (kgf/cm?) (N/mm?) P : maximum load obtained in accordance with section 4.5 (kgf) (N] + span (cn) (om b : width of failed cross-section obtained in accordance with section 4.6 (cm) (am) hh: height of failed cross-section obtained in accordance with section 4.7 (cx) (aml 5.2. Flexural Toughess (2) Flexural toughness shall be expressed by flexural toughness factor.(2) as shown in Fig. 3, flexural toughness shall be determined to three significant digits from the area below the load-deflection curve until measured deflection becomes 1/150 of the span (2)4). Dettcuen ** Fig. 3. Plexural toughness. (3) Flexural toughness factor shall be calculated by the equation below and shall be determined to three significant digits. a en 8° ey oT where, = ; flexural toughness factor (kgf/cm*) (N/sm") % : hs RRND Seiad Teg. 683 Seb: deflection of 1/150 of span (2)5) (cm) {nmi 2 mm when span is 30 cm/3 mm when span is 45 om Note 4) when the specimen fails before reaching the specified deformation, the area innediately before failure shall be obtained. Note 5) In case if the specimen fails before reaching the specified deflection, Seb shall be 1/150 of the span. REPORT The report shall include necessary items from the following: 1) Mix proportions of concrete, 2) age, 3) Number of specimens, 4) Height and wideh of specimen, 5) Maximum load, 6) Location of deflection measurement, 7) Flexural strength, 8) Flexural toughness, 9) Curing method and curing temperature, 10) State of failure of specimen, 1D) Others.