Purposive Communication Decoding, The Sender, Encoding, The Idea the

Message.
McFarland(1994) 7 Major Elements of Communication.
-Process of meaningful interaction among Source-encoding-channel-decoding-receiver-
human beings. feeedback-context
-It is the process by which meanings are
perceived and understandings are reached among Types of Communication
human beings (broad)
Newman and Summer (1997) Verbal Communication
-exchange of facts , ideas, opinions, or emotions -uses language which is spoken or witten
by two or more persons. -Language is composed of symbols that is
Roger (2003) common or should be understood by the sendenr
-To process of transmitting ideas, information, and receiver.
and attitudes from source to a receiver. *What is Language
-Spread one place to another)  Language VS Direct
In a nutshell: Ilocano Language
A process of transferring or exchanging Ilocano in Ilocos-Ilocono in Banguio-Ilocano in
information through a common and intelligible Tarlac-Ilocano in Pangasinan.
set of symbol.to create meanings and arrived at a  Lingua Franca
shared understanding.
Purposive Communication
-sharing or exchanging of ideas and information Language Use/Diction
with a particular purpose 1. Denotation -literal meaning, dictionary
-Effective use of language I various modes for meaning
different audiences, intentions and conditions. 2. Cannotaion -figurative meaning, meaning
-Formality, specific, and following particular based on context.
formal. 3. Slang -A specialized language understood
Communicative Competence:Why does it and used exclusively by certain groups of
matter people.
Linguistic understanding and using vocubulary 4. Jargon -It refers to technical language or
-Language conventions (eg., grammar, punction, lexicon (vocabulary) used by certain
and spelling) people, usually professionals in a specific
-Syntax (eg., sentence structure) field of discipline.
Strategic using techniques to overcome
language gaps 5. Doublespeak -ambiguous langiage
-plans and assess the effectivenes of achieve meaning in can be interpretend in more
conversational and written fluency than one way, hence the word “double”.
-modify text for audience and purpose 6. Euphamism -it is a language used to more
Socio-Linguistic (Society and Linguistic) concept on an idea more acceptable or less
Having awareness of social rules of language offensive
(eg.,. formality, politeness, and directness) -Use to trick people
-Nonverbal behaviours Nonverbal Communication -apart from the
-Cultural referencess (eg,. idioms expression, symbol or language used, nonverbal cues also
background knowledge) aid in successful communication includes body
Discourse Understanding how ideas are language, facial expression, gestures, tone, and
connected through pitch.
-Patterns of organization (eg,. ideas can be (they do not use language)
organized sequentally by importance by
comparing and contrasting) Types of Nonverbal Communication
-Conjuctions (and or because) Feedback the message was receive
-Transition words (first, next, also, however, for Sender should understood by the receiver
instance, and therefore, etc) Purposive structure
Communicative Competences Language set of symbol, systematic, structured,
Ability to understand and use language and standardized
effectively to communicate in a wide variety of Dialect variation
contexts and for a variety of purposes. We are multilingual
Elements of Communication Connation emotion, ideas that we linked in our
Encoding, The communication Channel, experience
Encoding, The receiver, The Feedback,
Encoding, The Communication Channel,
Kinesics the study of the way in which certain -In this model of communication, the sender is
body movement and gestures serve as a for of simultaneously the receiver of the non-verbal
nonverbal communication. response of the audience.
-get more meaning compared to verbal
-communication through body Communication is a continuous and dynamic
Oculesics study of eye movement, eye process. It's beginning and ending are
behaviour, gaze, and eye-related in nonverbal indeterminable.
comm. STRATEGIC competence refers to the ability to
-communicate through eyes movements enhance communication and repair
-subcategory of kinesics communication breakdown.
Haptics the science of applying touch (tactile) COMMUNICATIVE competence should not
sensation and control to interaction with only be grammatical or linguistics in nature but
computer application. should also include performance, or having the
Proxemics the distance between ourselves and ability to use language (grammatical structures)
others when having a conversation delivering a in various situations and circumstances to
speech or a lecture, or sharing an intimate negotiate meaning.
moment DELL HYMES created the concept of
Chronemics the study of the use of time in Communicative Competence.
nonverbal communication SOCIOLINGUISTIC COMPETENCE is the
Paralinguistic the part of communication knowledge and ability to communicate
outside of the word-themselves utterances and use language that are socially
-the volume, speed, intonation of a voice along appropriate and acceptable. Feedback is the
with gestures and other nonverbal cues. receiver's response to the message. However, we
Physical Appearance Our choice of color, cannot say for certain that a successful
clothing, hairstyle, and other factors affecting communication already transpired, it still
appearance are also considered a means of depends if the feedback is substantial to the
nonverbal communication. message sent.
RECEIVER or AUDIENCE is the one to
Principles and Process of Communication whom the information or message is directed--
he/she “decodes” the symbols. The two major
3 Communication Models stages of the communication process are
 Transmission Sending and Receiving.
 Interaction NOISE is anything that impedes or hampers the
 Transactional/Transaction accurate sending, receiving, and interpreting of
Message transmitting the message. Waray is widely spoken in the
Should moving (message) Eastern Visayas part of the Philippines. It is
Communication considered a language.
Sender and receiver Debit is a JARGON word in the field of
The source Accountancy which means an entry recorded for
There is a noise a payment made or owed.
There is feedback Sadness has always been associated with the
It has a patterns color blue. And so, when one is sad, he/she says
300 BC "I am feeling blue". Thus, sadness is a
Aristotle’s Model CONNOTATION of the word blue.
- one way communication Online sellers use the word "pre-loved" clothes
-The message will go back and fourth instead of "second-hand" clothes to sound more
-transmitting (mass media, telephone, TV, and agreeable and acceptable to customers. Pre-love
radio) is an example of EUPHEMISM
Speaker-highlight When Filipinos speak like Americans or British
Passive Role of the Audience do, this pronunciation is called ACCENT
Shanon-Weaver’s Model Comfort women is a DOUBLESPEAK for sex
Shanon (mathematician) Weaver (scientist) slaves. A name used to distort the truth.
-Interaction ETHOS It pertains to the speaker's credibility or
Alternate degree of authority
-will continue up until the meaning up ended PATHOS It is the emotion or reaction elicited
-supports only channel from the audience after or during a
-signal (external noise) communication encounter. TRANSACTIONAL
Noise can only interrupt the channel MODEL In this model of communication, the
Transactional/Transactional Model sender is simultaneously the receiver of the non-
verbal response of the audience.
TRANSACTIONAL/TRANSACTION The 3 factors to be considered when choosing a
MODEL This model of communication language register are purpose, context, and
considers and addresses all the factors in the AUDIENCE
communication process including the barriers
that may occur in any part of the communication
process.
ARISTOTLE'S MODEL OF
COMMUNICATION This specific model of
communication is one-way and speaker-oriented.
The role of the audience is passive.
INTERNAL NOISE Fear, anxiety, headache,
depression, preoccupation, hearing impairment,
these are examples of what specific barrier in
communication?
ENCODING This pertains to the cognitive
aspect in the communication process in which
the sender turns ideas and thoughts into symbols.
DECODING This pertains to the cognitive
aspect in the communication process in which
the receiver turns symbols into thoughts or ideas.
THE RHETORICAL TRIANGLE This is
used as a guide by public speakers in order to
develop the art of persuasion.
CONTEXT It pertains to the situation in which
the communication transpires or takes place. It
includes the social, cultural, geographical, and
temporal aspects of the communication
encounter. English is said to be the
LINGUA FRANCA of the world. A language
that is adopted by communicators whose mother
tongues (native languages) are different.
DICTION This pertains to word choice in
spoken and written communication.
VERBAL COMMUNICATION The type of
communication that utilizes symbols (language)
that are understood by the sender and the
receiver.
NON-VERBAL This type of communication is
non-lexical, meaning, no words are used. But
they also convey thoughts and meanings on their
own.
LANGUAGE REGISTER This refers to the
degree of formality of language use in certain
circumstances.
INTERACTION MODEL In this category of
communication model, the sender and the
speaker alternate positions as sender and
receiver. The message will go back and forth
until the intended meaning is completed.
CHANNEL In the concept of Shannon and
Weaver's Model of Communication, the Noise
may only disrupt what fundamental element of
communication?
LOGOS In the Rhetorical Triangle, this serves
as the speaker's main tool to convince, persuade,
or elicit a pathos or a reaction from the audience.
PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION This
refers to the sharing or exchanging of ideas and
information with a particular purpose for
different audiences and context.