Assignment 1

1. Consider an optical fiber of 50 µm diameter, core index n1 = 1.5, and cladding index
n2 = 1.49 for operation at λ = 1.31 µm.
a) what is the numerical aperture (NA) of this fiber?
b) How many modes does this fiber support?
c) What would the maximum fiber diameter need to be for the fiber to operate with a
single mode?
2. For a multimode step-index fiber with glass core (n1=1.5) and fused quartz cladding
(n2=1.46).Determine the acceptance angle and numerical aperture. The source to fiber
medium is air.
3. A step index multimode fiber with a numerical aperture of 0.2 support approximately
1000 modes at 850 nm wavelength. What is the diameter of its core? How many modes
does the fiber support at 850 nm and 1550 nm.
4. Consider a fiber with 25µm core radius core index n1=1.48 and Δ =0.01.If λ=1320 nm
what value of V and how many modes propagates in the fiber. What percent of optical
power flows in the cladding? If the core cladding difference is reduced to Δ=0.003, how
many modes does the fiber support and what fraction of the optical power flows in the
cladding.
5. A continuous 12 Kms long optical fiber link has a loss of 1.5 dB/Km. What is
the minimum optical power that must be launched in to the fiber to maintain an optical

power level of 0.3 μw at the receiving end.

6. A silica optical fiber with a core diameter large enough to be considered by ray theory
analysis has a core refractive index of 1.50 and a cladding refractive index of 1.47.
Determine:
(a) the critical angle at the core–cladding interface;
(b) the NA for the fiber;
(c) the acceptance angle in air for the fiber.

7. A multimode step index fiber with a core diameter of 80 µm and a relative index
difference of 1.5% is operating at a wavelength of 0.85 µm. If the core refractive index is

1.48, estimate: (a) the normalized frequency for the fiber; (b) the number of guided
modes.

8. A graded index fiber has a core with a parabolic refractive index profile which has a
diameter of 50 µm. The fiber has a numerical aperture of 0.2. Estimate the total number of
guided modes propagating in the fiber when it is operating at a wavelength of 1 µm.

9. Estimate the maximum core diameter for an optical fiber with the same relative
refractive index difference (1.5%) and core refractive index (1.48) as the fiber given
in Example 2.4 in order that it may be suitable for single-mode operation. It may be
assumed that the fiber is operating at the same wavelength (0.85 μm). Further, estimate
the new maximum core diameter for single-mode operation when the relative
refractive index difference is reduced by a factor of 10.

10. A graded index fiber with a parabolic refractive index profile core has a refractive
Index at the core axis of 1.5 and a relative index difference of 1%. Estimate the maximum
 possible core diameter which allows single-mode operation at a wavelength of
1.3 μm

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