1
ESSAY QUESTIONS PAPER 2
1.(a).List any four socialisation agents found at community level (4).
(b)With reference to Zimbabwe ,describe socialisation in :
(i)Low density suburbs
(ii)High density suburbs (12)
(iii)Rural areas
(c) To what extent do rituals affect people’s human rights (9)
2. (a) Identify any four types of religions found in Zimbabwe (4)
(b) Outline the role of religion in the socialisation process in a community (13)
(c) To what extent does religion affect socialisation in a community (8)
3.(a) Identify any three roles of the media (3)
(b) with specific examples ,describe the way in which the media influences socialisation (8)
(c) The positive roles of the media are far outweighed by the negative. Evaluate and validate this
assertion(9)
4.(a).List any three types of families found in Zimbabwe (3)
(b) Describe the Psychological Identity Development Theory (13)
(c) Evaluate the declaration that surrounding community is the best form of socialisation (9)
5.(a) List any four indigenous traditional tools (4)
(b) Explain the significance of indigenous traditional tools in the pre-colonial era.(10)
(c) do you think indigenous traditional tools are becoming less important? Explain your answer
(6)
6.(a) List any four indigenous community gatherings practiced in Zimbabwe (4)
(b) Describe the importance of ,Mukwerera and Bira gatherings (12)
(c) Discuss the view that Christianity has negatively affected indigenous community gatherings
(9)
7.(a) explain the importance of Nhimbe gatherings (4)
(b) Describe the procedures taken to conduct a Nhimbe gathering (12)
(c) Analyse the importance of funeral gatherings in Zimbabwe (9)
8.(a) List any five symbols of cutting a widow’s hair.(5)
(b) Explain any three significances of rituals (3)
(c) List any three rituals practiced in Zimbabwe (3)
(d) Describe the Kurova guva process in the Shona and Ndebele cultures(10)
(e) to what extent has Christianity affected rituals in Zimbabwe (4)
2
9.(a) List any five norms and values found at work places (5)
(b) Using one company of your choice, describe its values (13)
(c) Lack of proper norms and values affect a company’s output. Discuss (7)
10.(a) Explain the concept of threat to norms and values (5)
(b) Describe any two threats to norms and values (6)
(c) How has urbanisation affected norms and values in Zimbabwe (9)
11.(a) List any six importance of rites (6)
(b) Describe how birth rites are conducted in the Matabeleland region (9)
(c)To what extent are death rites being practiced today? (8)
12.(a) List any five functions of the Executor (5)
(b) Describe inheritance practices in Zimbabwe (10)
(c) Evaluate the importance of the concept of will writing (10)
13.(a) Identify any three methods of marriages (3)
(b) Describe the role played by aunties in the marriage of the girl child (8)
(c) Why was the Musengabere banned ?Discuss the advantages of this practice (9)
14.(a) Define drama (3)
(b) Identify two forms of drama (2)
(c) Identify the five major aspects of drama (5)
(d)Describe a comedy (4)
(e) Why is drama important? Give an explanation.(11)
15.(a)Describe the events that led to the colonisation of Zimbabwe (15)
(b) describe the response to the colonisation process (10)
16 .(a) List any six causes of the Anglo-Ndebele war of 1893-94 (6)
(b) Describe the events of the Anglo-Ndebele war until the death of Lobengula in January 1894
(11)
(c) To what extent were the white settlers to blame for the Anglo-Ndebele war of 1893-94? (8)
17.(a) Identify any six causes of the First Chimurenga/Umvukela (6)
(b)Describe the main events of the war between the Shona and the British during the 1896-97
war (11)
(c) Why were the Shona and the Ndebele eventually defeated by the settlers during the 1896-97
war (8)
18.(a) List any spirit mediums that fought in the first Chimurenga/Umvukela of 1896-97 (6)
(b) Describe the role played by the Spirit mediums in the First Chimurenga/Umvukela of 1896-
97 (11)
(c)To what extent did the execution of the spirit mediums signal the end of the war?(8)
3
19.(a) List any six heroes of the Second Chimurenga/Umvukela (6)
(b)Describe the role played by the masses in the liberation struggle (11)
(c)How important was external support in the struggle (8)
20.(a) List any three National Shrines of your choice and two National Monuments found in
Zimbabwe (5)
(b) Describe the features of any one shrine in Zimbabwe (10)
(c) Evaluate the assertion that National Shrines and monuments have no historical relevance to
Zimbabwe.(10)
21.(a) List any five reasons for the National Schools Pledge (5)
(b) Using comparative studies ,describe the National Schools Pledge of Zimbabwe (10)
(c) Validate that there is an intricate relationship between the National Anthem and the National
Schools Pledge (10)
22.(a)Identify four key natural resources found in Zimbabwe (4)
(b)describe how land was distributed during colonial period(12)
(c)To what extent can natural resources be taken as a source of conflict in Africa (9)
23.(a) List any six human rights (6)
(b) Describe how government improved education ,health and language issues after
independence (11)
(c)Do you think having many languages in a country is a disadvantage. Discuss (8)
24.(a) Identify any five human rights (5)
(b)Outline the basic principles of democracy (12)
(c)To what extent have these principles been implemented by the Zimbabwean government since
1980 (8)
25.(a) State any three organs of the Zimbabwean government and the titles of the respective
leaders (6)
(b)Describe the functions of each of the organs of the government (11)
(c) How successful has the Judiciary in Zimbabwe been in performing its functions?(8)
26.(a)List any six inequalities in the provision of social services that existed in Rhodesia.(6)
(b)Describe the measures adopted by the government during the first decade of independence to
redress these inequalities (11)
(c)how successful was the government in addressing the inequalities?(8)
27.(a)List any four functions of the Zimbabwe Electoral Commission (ZEC) (4)
(b)Describe the electoral process in Zimbabwe (12)
(c)Evaluate the role of observers during election times (9)
4
28.(a) List any two rights of :
(i)The elderly
(ii)Woman
(iii)War veterans (6)
(b)Describe how the government has assisted the physically challenged in Zimbabwe (11)
(c)To what extent does the government recognise the rights of women ?(8)
29.(a)Define and explain the importance of civic responsibilities (5)
(b)Describe how civic responsibilities promote security in communities (10)
(c)To what extent has the government promoted food security and self-sufficiency in Zimbabwe
since 2000 (10)
30.(a)List any four reasons why housing co-operatives emerged (4)
(b)Describe how housing co-operatives are formed in Zimbabwe (11)
(c)To what extent has the housing co-operatives issue resolved accommodation challenges in
Zimbabwe ?(10)
31(a).List any five constraints that affect the effectiveness of industries (5)
(b)State three industries that are no longer operational in Zimbabwe and explain why (6)
(c)what must be considered for the informal sector to develop? Discuss (8)
(d)In order to gain confidence from banks, what must informal industries do?(6)
32.(a)What are the National Strategic reserves and why are they called strategic?(4)
(b)Identify three common strategic reserves (3)
(c)Give four reasons why reserves are important.(4)
(d)Describe the challenges faced by parastatals in Zimbabwe (9)
33.(a)List any five causes of land degradation (5)
(b)Describe the effects of land degradation by human activities (10)
(c)Describe how land degradation can be prevented (10)
34.(a)Identify any six causes of pollution(6)
(b)Outline the effects of pollution(11)
(c)To what extent does pollution affect our health?(8)
35.(a)State any five examples of tectonic hazards(5)
(b)Outline the challenges faced in disaster risk management(11)
(c)To what extent does climate change cause natural disasters?(9)
36.(a)What is a pandemic?(2)
(b)Give any four examples of pandemic (4)
(c)List any three early symptoms of HIV and AIDS (3)
5
(d)Identify four causes of Cholera (4)
(d)How can one reduces the risk of cholera?(2)
37.(a)List six ways in which Ebola can be transmitted (6)
(b)Describe the social and economic impact of Ebola (10)
(c)What measures need to be in place to prevent transmission of diseases?(9)
38.(a)Describe the concept of human trafficking(3)
(b)What are instruments available at international level to curb trafficking (2)
(c)What are the elements of exploitation (3)
(d)What are the possible punishments available to perpetrators of the human trafficking offence
(4)
(e)Explain the effects of trafficking at :
(i)Individual level (4)
(ii)National level (4)
39. What are the constraints affecting the informal sector in Zimbabwe?(25)
40. Evaluate the importance of media as a socialising agent (25)
