Section- 2 marks

Q.2        
A. A network using CSMA/CD has data-rate of 10 Mbps. If maximum propagation time (including the delays in the
devices and ignoring the time needed to send a jamming signal) is 25.6 µs, what is the minimum size of the Frame?

B. Draw UDP header structure and write very-briefly about each field. Why UDP protocol would be best suitable
for low-latency and real-time applications but does not guarantee any service?
C. Compare and contrast byte-stuffing and bit-stuffing. Which technique is used in
byte-oriented protocols? Which technique is used in bit-oriented protocols?
D. Using 5-bit sequence numbers, what is the maximum size of the send and receive
windows for each of the following protocols?
a. Stop-and-Wait ARQ
b. Go-Back-NARQ
c. Selective-Repeat ARQ
E. Compare and contrast classless addressing and classful addressing?
F. What are the issues available in transport layer . List them all and explain each issue in short ?
G. Compare the TCP header and the UDP header. List the fields in the TCP header that are missing from UDP
header . Give the reason for their absence.?
H. Using 6-bit sequence numbers, what is the maximum size of the send and receive
windows for each of the following protocols?
a. Stop-and-Wait ARQ
b. Go-Back-NARQ
c. Selective-Repeat ARQ
I. Explain the scenario of error detection & error correction with suitable example ?

Section-6 marks
Q.3        
A.A block of addresses is granted to a small organization. We know that one of the addresses is 205.16.37.39/28.
What is the first address, last address and number of address in the block ?
B. Differentiate between OSI and TCP/IP model.
C. Explain working of CSMA 1-persistent, Non-persistent and p-persistent strategies with suitable channel diagram
& flow chart.
D. What is throughput & latency? Write briefly on processing, queuing, transmission, and propagation delay
components in a packet-switched data network with suitable data-flow diagram.
E. Draw the architectural diagram for E-mail communication in internet with proper description about components
of e-mail (UA, MTA, MAA, Mail-Box, Message-Queue)?
F.Explain the operation of CSMA/CD. What happens when a station detects a collisions ? What are methods of
avoiding collisions ? Explain.
G. Differentiate between OSI and TCP/IP model. Explain the function of Physical layer and Network layer of OSI
model?
H. Write is World Wide Web ? Draw and Explain architectural overview of the WWW?
I. What is the criteria to check the network reliability ?
J. Write the difference between circuit switching and packet switching ?

Section-10 marks
Q.4      
A. Explain “ Congestion control ( open loop & close loop) ”?
B. What is Vulnerable time of Pure and Slotted ALOHA MAC? What is G? what are their significance in MAC
operation? ALOHA network transmits 400-bit frames on a shared channel of 400 kbps. What is the throughput if the
system (all stations together) produces the following? (Calculate for both Pure and Slotted ALOHA and plot
normalized throughput curve (G vs. S curve) to give a comparative analysis of both variants of ALOHA.
a. 1000 frames per second
b. 500 frames per second
c. 250 frames per second

C. Explain the working of CSMA/CA with suitable flow-chart and channel diagram. Mention how collision is
avoided in this case using (i) IFS (ii) Contention Window (iii) ACK

D. What is routing & forwarding? Give a comparison between Distance Vector/Bellman-Ford and
Link-state/Dijkstra’s algorithm with mathematical expression and their working. Mention what is count-to-infinity
problem and how to mitigate it using split horizon and poison reverse methods.

E. Explain in detail the taxonomy of MAC Protocol ?

F. Describe Domain Name System (DNS) working with suitable block diagram. Mention the following: (i)
Different types of DNS records with very brief explanation of each type (ii) Hierarchical structure of DNS (inverted-
tree structure of domains, sub-domains, zones) ?

G. What is congestion control ? Why it is required? List all policies used for the congestion control. Explain any two
policies used for the congestion control in detail.

H. What is Quality of service ? What is its significance ? List the techniques available to improve Quality of
Service and explain any two of them in detail with a suitable example ?

I. Explain in detail the taxonomy of protocols for noiseless & noisy channel?

J. Explain the scenario of the following protocols:

a. HDLC

b. Telnet

c. WWW & HTTP

d. MAC protocol

K. Explain the scenario of Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) phase diagram ?