SHTxx

Humidity & Temperature

Sensmitter

Application Note
CRC
1 Introduction
A CRC checksum is calculated over the whole transmission. If a CRC mismatch is detected, the SHTxx should be reset
(command “00011110”) and the measurement should be repeated.

2 Theory
CRC stands for Cyclic Redundancy Check. It is one of the most effective error detection schemes and requires a minimal
amount of hardware.
For in-depth information on CRC we recommend the comprehensive: “A painless guide to CRC error detection algorithms”
available at: http://www.repairfaq.org/filipg/LINK/F_crc_v3.html

The polynomial used in the SHTxx is: x8+ x5+ x4. The types of errors that are detectable with this polynomial are:
1. Any odd number of errors anywhere within the transmission.
2. All double-bit errors anywhere within the transmission.
3. Any cluster of errors that can be contained within an 8-bit “window” (1-8 bits incorrect).
4. Most larger clusters of errors.

The CRC register initializes with the value of the lower nibble of the status register (“0000’s3s2s1s0”, default “00000000”). It
covers the whole transmission (command and response bytes) without the acknowledge bits. See the datasheet SHT11 on
page 4 for an example of CRC readout.
The receiver can perform the CRC calculation upon the first part of the original message and then compare the result with the
received CRC- 8. If a CRC mismatch is detected, the SHTxx should be reset (command “00011110”) and the measurement
should be repeated.

This application note will cover two methods for checking the CRC. The first “Bitwise” is more suited for hardware or lowlevel
implementation while the later “Bytewise” is the preferred method for more powerful microcontroller solutions.

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SHTxx Application Note CRC

2.1 Bitwise
With the bitwise method, the receiver copies the structure of the CRC generator in hard- or software.
An algorithm to calculate this could look like this:
1) Initialise CRC Register to low nibble of status register (reversed (s0s1s2s3‘0000))
2) Compare each (transmitted and received) bit with bit 7
3) If the same: shift CRC register, bit0='0'
else: shift CRC register and then invert bit4 and bit5, bit0='1' (see figure 1)
4) receive new bit and go to 2)
5) The CRC value retrieved from the SHTxx must be reversed (bit 0 = bit 7, bit 1=bit 6 … bit 7 = bit 0) and can then be
compared to the final CRC value.(2)

XOR XOR
Input bit

XOR 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Figure 1 Internal structure of the SHTxx CRC-8 generator

2.1.1 Example for bitwise

Example 2: RH Measurement (as example in datasheet) Example 1: readout of status register containing 0x40
Input Comment Input Comment
bit7 … bit0 bit7 … bit0
bit’s 0x dec bit’s 0x dec
0000’0000 Start value 0000’0000 Start value
see below(1) see below(1)
0 0000’0000 00 0 1st bit of command 0 0000’0000 00 0 1st bit of command
0 0000’0000 00 0 2nd bit of command 0 0000’0000 00 0 2nd bit of command
0 0000’0000 00 0 … 0 0000’0000 00 0 …
0 0000’0000 00 0 0 0000’0000 00 0
0 0000’0000 00 0 0 0000’0000 00 0
1 0011’0001 CRC EXOR polynom 1 0011’0001 CRC EXOR polynom
0 0110’0010 1 0101’0011
1 1111’0101 F5 245 CRC after command 1 1001’0111 97 151 CRC after command
0 1101’1011 1st byte (MSB) of 0 0001’1111 1st bit (MSB) of status
measurement register
0 1000’0111 1 0000’1111
0 0011’1111 0 0001’1110
0 0111’1110 0 0011’1100
1 1100’1101 0 0111’1000
0 1010’1011 0 1111’0000
0 0110’0111 0 1101’0001
1 1111’1111 FF 255 CRC value 0 1001’0011 93 147 Final CRC value
0 1100’1111 2nd byte (LSB) of
measurement
0 1010’1111
1 0101’1110
1 1000’1101
0 0010’1011
0 0101’0110
0 1010’1100
1 0101’1000 58 88 Final CRC value

(1)
Low nibble only, whole byte reversed ( Statusregister = [s7s6s5s4‘s3s2s1s0] -> Startvalue = [s0s1s2s3‘0000] )
(2)
This is different to other CRC implementations

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SHTxx Application Note CRC

2.2 Bytewise
With this implementation the CRC data is stored in a 256 byte lookup table.
Perform the following operations:
1. Initialize the CRC register with the value of the lower nibble of the value of the status register
(reversed (s0s1s2s3‘0000)). (default ‘00000000’ = 0)
2. XOR each (transmitted and received) byte with the previous CRC value.
The result is the new byte that you need to calculate the CRC value from.
3. Use this value as the index to the table to obtain the new CRC value.
4. Repeat from 2.) until you have passed all bytes through the process.
5. The last byte retrieved from the table is the final CRC value.
6. The CRC value retrieved from the SHTxx must be reversed (bit 0 = bit 7, bit 1=bit 6 … bit 7 = bit 0) and can then be
compared to the final CRC value.(2)
2.2.1 256 byte CRC Lookup table
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
0 49 98 83 196 245 166 151 185 136 219 234 125 76 31 46 67 114 33 16 135 182 229 212 250 203 152 169 62 15 92 109
32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63
134 183 228 213 66 115 32 17 63 14 93 108 251 202 153 168 197 244 167 150 1 48 99 82 124 77 30 47 184 137 218 235
64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95
61 12 95 110 249 200 155 170 132 181 230 215 64 113 34 19 126 79 28 45 186 139 216 233 199 246 165 148 3 50 97 80
96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127
187 138 217 232 127 78 29 44 2 51 96 81 198 247 164 149 248 201 154 171 60 13 94 111 65 112 35 18 133 180 231 214
128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159
122 75 24 41 190 143 220 237 195 242 161 144 7 54 101 84 57 8 91 106 253 204 159 174 128 177 226 211 68 117 38 23
160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191
252 205 158 175 56 9 90 107 69 116 39 22 129 176 227 210 191 142 221 236 123 74 25 40 6 55 100 85 194 243 160 145
192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223
71 118 37 20 131 178 225 208 254 207 156 173 58 11 88 105 4 53 102 87 192 241 162 147 189 140 223 238 121 72 27 42
224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255
193 240 163 146 5 52 103 86 120 73 26 43 188 141 222 239 130 179 224 209 70 119 36 21 59 10 89 104 255 206 157 172

(2)
This is different to other CRC implementations
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SHTxx Application Note CRC

2.2.2 Code example for lookup table

The following procedure calculates the CRC-8. The result accumulates in the variable CRC.
Var
CRC : Byte;
Procedure calc_CRC(X: Byte);

Const
CRC_Table : Array[0..255] of Byte = (
0, 49, 98, 83, 196, 245, 166, 151, 185, 136, 219, 234, 125, 76, 31, 46, 67, 114, 33, 16,
135, 182, 229, 212, 250, 203, 152, 169, 62, 15, 92, 109, 134, 183, 228, 213, 66, 115, 32, 17,
63, 14, 93, 108, 251, 202, 153, 168, 197, 244, 167, 150, 1, 48, 99, 82, 124, 77, 30, 47,
184, 137, 218, 235, 61, 12, 95, 110, 249, 200, 155, 170, 132, 181, 230, 215, 64, 113, 34, 19,
126, 79, 28, 45, 186, 139, 216, 233, 199, 246, 165, 148, 3, 50, 97, 80, 187, 138, 217, 232,
127, 78, 29, 44, 2, 51, 96, 81, 198, 247, 164, 149, 248, 201, 154, 171, 60, 13, 94, 111,
65, 112, 35, 18, 133, 180, 231, 214, 122, 75, 24, 41, 190, 143, 220, 237, 195, 242, 161, 144,
7, 54, 101, 84, 57, 8, 91, 106, 253, 204, 159, 174, 128, 177, 226, 211, 68, 117, 38, 23,
252, 205, 158, 175, 56, 9, 90, 107, 69, 116, 39, 22, 129, 176, 227, 210, 191, 142, 221, 236,
123, 74, 25, 40, 6, 55, 100, 85, 194, 243, 160, 145, 71, 118, 37, 20, 131, 178, 225, 208,
254, 207, 156, 173, 58, 11, 88, 105, 4, 53, 102, 87, 192, 241, 162, 147, 189, 140, 223, 238,
121, 72, 27, 42, 193, 240, 163, 146, 5, 52, 103, 86, 120, 73, 26, 43, 188, 141, 222, 239,
130, 179, 224, 209, 70, 119, 36, 21, 59, 10, 89, 104, 255, 206, 157, 172);

Begin
CRC := CRC_Table[X xor CRC];
End;

3 Revision history
Date Revision Changes
December 30, 2001 0.9 (Preliminary) Initial revision
February 18, 2001 1.01
February 27, 2001 1.02 corrected bug in CRC register init. (byte must be reversed)
May 16, 2002 1.03 emphasize that command to SHTxx is also in CRC
Oct. 17, 2003 1.04 Changed download link
December 16, 2003 1.05 Improved bitwise example table
May 25, 2005 1.06 Changed company address
Oct 3, 2006 1.07 Sensirion Inc. address added

The latest version of this document and all application notes can be found at:
www.sensirion.com/humidity

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