Module -5 Loop and Horn Antenna: » Introduction » Small loop lee . : qrolls of amo > Comparison ot fyox | thont dagdle > The loop antenna Genera! cose > Por jyeold paltaxn’ of «eirtwlax loop aukenna with unibeim Corrente DP Rodiakion Rexistane 4 Lecps- 2 Dinechivi ty of cirwlor loop antennas watt Unc osm corrent 2? Horn Antenrod , Rocrorgulax Hon aniter Aotenna Types 2 Heli col Antcona + 2 Uelicl Geometoy P Prockcad design Considexattory of Heli cad autonnag 2 Yagi- Udo. aso 2? pasobola General Properties Scanned with CamScannerModule ~ 5 The Small loop Circwlax loop. Square Loop . cerelade > The field pattem of a Small Joop by ‘Squarchy Loop e+ Same awa Me d?.aa*. _@ dz Side teng th ct Square Coop - ? when Loop dimensions aw small comparud to A, then the fase field Patterns OF circle and Syase loops of tame axa are Same. Scanned with CamScannerP the tcop i tm xy plane, tax field bay, only kop Cron To -Ptad bar field in Yz plane , consider only ht pols 24h > the Held pattern th yx plane i zome 4 that % WO otropic poinl- sources . = S¥ lL aj E:-e tle — Faee + E,, e @ tshere Eg. > electric field due to tnfinitdinnd dipole. v2 aT ‘ yd: COR RO- 6) = at d ging = Bdsing =f Sees Jee sey P Fe (¢ -e¢ ¥3j a 2) Egos Stn ob) HBS Egy: Sto (Rd sino) = SAE, | BY oz . 0 wo '( Bd Stn8 ) we = Ey Bd Sin. _@ hee po). ¥en) {TT b sine TW * Se J. dipole tt ay plan Who © 299° J Fy > GoM fn L_ vA Scbsti tute %@ Sto &® Scanned with CamScannera(n s ' Pen] sine, whee Leds g> aslea ob Loop. RoW ESnd 4 Lem &) sind Y We —® Hagnetic Hi ald He > ea Eq ; \207 Mg = r(sJ Sno a x A> Compoodhen oh g@e fields of Small Leap and shox dipole | =? Presence ch J tn dipole ExPreMion & Pts absense fr feop eguationS fndeccte that the elds of alectste dipole 4 thor of toops ade . fr tme - phase quadrature ,cerrrent 9 being & Lame phase tn both ai pole 4 hoop: toh ' Ei pole oriented panatlel 40 x axis» where at (eo? tented in 4 j 9: oxtentec in t-¥ plane, use the -formulas below a Scanned with CamScanner> “the tormolas aso Frac no you Qurd loep?, echigrle 7g and th ; opt nt Thee os Food aqprntiwntions $°¢ femph pl? Aho in diameter 4 digrlen cpto Ae ee Far dels ob small ole cbence dépoles 4 lecpe. Fold | hoop : Flechyec por (1] Sud h ps Y ” Hagratic. ale | pref PE ay] fae BEDI Ep ‘)] 7 “o> — a Te leop antenna + General cate Serexal cok ka hoop ante mma with Uniforn , Tophaxc Corrent= Ob Yadeus'al ties ign ny plane & Shown below > Fax giald expressions are oxi ved ostag vector ele) Potential of the eleetyc curyent - jane AH6 oO Wa 4 ) opaceip / Pout. sp / Sale. Loop purtnurter Aaceyp Scanned with CamScannerbe ~The Veetor potential will be develop for Parr Ob shag dianetricatly opporte , electric dlepeles each Ob Hength adg, Dota) vector potential ,uaouid be teved by thgrabeg over the hoop: for ro tot S current 1% Confined 40 Joop: Thus the Component A= Aeg { Opto : o dAge 2h . du dag> Edy 0 lobent dt « current morment duc #0 2 opporite dt poles eg corrnk 2, + fength ad¢ eal bthe 6 Component” ob the sxeboded conent mom due to one dipale = [r} adg) cox Jwlt-% [sJ <{t0J e (ee) P In 20 plane (#z plane) , the $ Component of the Hetosded current moment due fo one dipole i [PJ ado cog ” y wt MC) Where ts]: Yo e —®. The Hesoltaw momesir dH @ o lage distane ,due ® ® poir of diaurnet dé cally opposite dipoles i re ad = ahr] adg Cosy Sin Scanned with CamScannerLoon oN e 2p a “Cond Sin dy = ai Lrj acosd do sto [ Ba cob sind ] > 23 LaF a corp Sin [ pa corp Sin 6] dg — ® Substitute £2 @ quto en © r ae \ 2j Ja Corp Sin ( pacorg sn8] ag gro AUY + uhh wv SXEJa { £en (pacosq Sin) eos d¢ 2nY apo Ag? pte -T,(pastns) te order wot th axgumene (posing) Bee foniion % sold har oulip $ Comportal” = 3, (8a Sin®) : 5 > Far etecrrtc te Egz ~Jwhg ~ Cho) ° Hwa J (pe Sind ) Re Ly Re - cope T (pes) Scanned with CamScannerFox Preld patterns of cirevk feop anteorea cit Cri borm Current The fax field — patterns tor a loop (any Size) & given y Ep: i 3, (Basine) Vj Tee afz ot fet J, (Ba sino ) Ar for & foop of Jeo Size, Bas constant and the Ahipe o . b the fo field pattoxn ty given a J, ( pa si - | (BA Sing) = g, (2.4 sig) 23, CG stne) CQ > Aa . A” “a FPA = Urcumpounce of the leop tn teaveleng ths Sing < | tor any 2 S08 =) 4 OH Ogt os oy 03 WV VA Oy ‘ Le ©1234 5 6 FFA yn BH 15 {5, (casin 6)] hae C.Sing CHEE Net orton Bessel curve for patterns of Lovep3 Scanned with CamScanner= Radiation Resistance ob Locp antenna , Small loop P To tind R, , Poynting vector &%& tulegrated erex a lovege temap Aphex yleldtng total pouser’ Sadéakd Prag > 9. Eguate Pay “0 Jog Ga K to time on the ae Jo: Peak current % 2 —O (cop > Hadéation Seplstance . ? Gb UB amumed thar the current’ i& Unitorm anal in phase stor any radiug ‘a'. The Gavercage pogoting vector ohe a fax geld 14 given by 8 + tay” “Ro % whow \Y| i the abtolote value of Ake magnetic ticld 4% GR the kotrinsic tmpedarce of tee medium - fy Ho > boll 5, (pa sind) 2y iS > fey 3, eesua)| + por: Scanned with CamScannerGo Total Power seackiated P iA the \wtegral of Sr oven a tar sphere he Pe {fs dg = 15 (Bato) eee S inca o IP = (gon?) (po 9) fs J (8 sind) Sinddd . 3 : fora loop , Whoa 2a ced , Teed . ee 2 ay oft ee (een") (Pas) (pay f Sings de. 0 Sy. Gon”). (pass? (pay «oF P = to 1" (pa) ag tun = Az er a bet Pz p To? . Ys Intexms Of sadiaton Hose 1a nc6 Scanned with CamScannerK A epang OtO % # 2 > lo pin a dL Ry = 20 BY py _ 50: (at) ae tent” (2) wr 20. aie A L al) a | —@ Thi2 HK the Hadiation jemstance lor er Sguase wilh of 2 Small ake torn deop antemna , arc wmiborm fo phox G@rvent « the sxadiation Hesistance of 4 Small toop consisting a one or more tU%md %& piven b Rr: stsoo( 34.)” os Where #2 90-Ob torns. Radi ation Reasiztance of Oy loop > Ctrevlox Loop of ony give ° a! = {° Bon”) (pate) fate Sing) Sind dO . Scanned with CamScannervT _ finrCxsne) mode > f aalvddy rs ® apy thes te abo G OF ger wv 2Pa J” (pa Sind) Sind hd = on Jateey ° ° : _ yoy aps u Fea = Gora) o" [ swe pe 6 4 2p * Gon”) (pay a0 | e a Gyyay We KT Pz +a} e, Be a son’) lpay of J siinay Ree (ou) G for “6 i TW )dy a, Las e foo, ¢ Me Ore , Apo xinahon by. \ TAY) dy 2] . Scanned with CamScannerR, = 592.6, on © 4592 0S fone = 3100 g fi Pu 1 cat or tas qe rhe yodiation desistance i, for g3eQcs a J TD dy = 5 [% Wey - 24, Cay] for G\>5A , X= Pa 2G, 2h J soo4y = al “= [sere +a a4 3 (08 (2% - Bl foy fenll value of 4 | Scanned with CamScannercérev lo _! current pinectivety + TE is defined af sali of OK rer 7p pine vrocliaon t enn ly (eee avenge *adiaton nto 2 1517 (Bate) Pod. L, Sy = 151 (pata) [ai (pasa) | "eto . y* max b Marimum sxadiation Totenst ty -for a loop antenna Uma > Sy ye © 18 n (pas) [4,’(pasind) watts. . Wax > fivexage xacliation intensity © Oy : Pad Jay Fad ff + 8udde dg + (3017) (pa yf J," Ga Sine) sino do > o “ Lye Ped Bn (pate)? J 1 CBesne) gina dd ‘I an > HA Dep oxn et 4: [3/"Pasing) J Ca Bang it O) aud AO z Scanned with CamScanner2 [3,7Uea Sin )) oay AG [ay (c 5in®) | nrg D= ai I pa { I, 4%y J ssupsy pa © © For Small tecps , Cas 3 # thos pa=G “3 oy j if) ay ° enor 2/3 2 lenorn: nator Jovy 3 (-B 42) a 56 act 3 caren ae o== + ~ 2 (a) “ ( ND be J = [1 00240-000, 66/2 Nvmoncaty < o 3s? (3 sno)| 5 5f4 (4ene)] 2 22 yh 3 yb sin'os LT SinXo oy dz Sno wy Sate 5 Bin Ske Og 065 3 81% | Scanned with CamScanner[| tst—“ia_OS | + teop [75 - mi Jor @ barge Tet 26 [a Can (paso) ie J, WW) 4y Denominator = fe oe oominal je i pele Digs 0 om ) so, s cs , : = I- — | sin (o-T) + ((t0- pile ee ( iy zi-+ | a & atu’) + O1375 Cos (> an‘) | ‘ 3°9633 = )- + [- Ibo) ~ (01395) (0: ow] 39633, : "0 eye [ete - 01354] we — 088 Lycee 39633 Numerator - io L excctwr = @36) [als sino)] = [4 ssing)] “thos Dd. a LtN J *(q sine) a8 Qts eo Scanned with CamScannerfor G>2 | d=) CySin@ vo , * J) C2 Sing) ~ OG, D= 2° @.6) 0+ 6E Ga: Scanned with CamScanner> Fb PR Me mor widely ond Simplest {06m ok mterowave antenna aud ik fenues a @ - geed lene 42° barge naclio attronomy, | Comm Bikes and geutteliter . ee abe DTt ib Considered af an op ae hot a wave gods voi tte halle pipe 4 j com weber wok plored o topeud futo Longe opeuny - D pith ow ond § te Wa @ sxuted aud ottu end 4h plassd #0 wala te iwpedauee ite fre {pate impedance ad hance acto uA & vee yvadio hor few Hosp - yes 4 torn Antenna > Razed cu the geonedy , Horm ath one clattbe Ie Reckaugular tak aut fed with su ean polod- de © Urevlat Youn au Fed with > Baud Urevlar vol &- OW tr di reehiOu Hh Hort-p, suctauprler Horn ourt of lawihied ag > Seotrral Hom® aul"s > Py ramtad Hoon ants Scanned with CamScanner2 homed on lantuy AtredOn 8% sectoral} auly again atrted tub SE plaw kectoral horn». Flastinp 1h dow tu the Birerbou ved geet (E) vedor * eo Gt plane “ fectored hom . Hasivg y dow iu the Brechen F magnetic gold) yeoro ? hun Hori np 14 dove tu both tHe diveuisy ah dethic and maguihe kreld vector’ then pymidel Worn cubano sorvths Din Uswlat hom awlenna tt. ade two tyhs -y covdcal horn autenre > Geovics) hom aulenra. > Exporestiodly tapered pyramdal hon aus > Exponentially taped Conical hema 2 Reporte) “trend tremsitiot, wciwdegs Te guplechows of golded unuds a reed pace - © Eplane setonal hon 6 Be clare, Scanned with CamScanner® Pyparidod born ant © Breonicas wl ber? L Aptos ue ene L Exponentially topaud oe Cont cal born @ reuti al tapesed ap Pyramidel horn Design EBvaktone of taku antenna Sthe uctoomagnetic horn produces T By Phate trouk with a losege apodtura | ee 88 Compared with veaveguice From the geometry iQ | OS eR § tang. Sh a © abe @ 16 z9coeV/t)\ - 1/4 Ga) = to") Faron a angle vege oa , ont: eB Ae (L+$)* 2 +)” Scanned with CamScanner=_— 2 4h _ o, Qh ci. ae od § tb fractonol , grill be Amalles than § neglect : Pease ve S i rg oy lie & - 4y 7 |” oF > when 9 ih seal, L betomer Small bea retoly in loage direchuitp D Harimum direct ty dor an € —Plane horn obtaived with § > o26A , @ §= 01394 tor Conical born and 38> OHA gor H Plane horn - to gee ramon direcnuty- OPH eau horn: 2 uniform aperture distibytion can be obtained th the horn hal Gall 0. § tong Ysoctura Bot , ter prockical 3 Hips bas to Khon Sbuctom. > the optimum value of &, with giver 2 max . dtredivity bot aT kOe epi ale= fer optimum plore angle the H pew i orp OTA 56 oo and Q& y —O H ay 7 € ae © Oy = bt and Oc = 56 an et, @o ay HBL 10 tHplane 4 peo ime pan D Dinectyity exprested Potorme of ebbecttve apers, ig D- HIT A)e 4 1 EapAp wo - aX whon fe = Ebbectve apesture in m™ 1 ee i P= ex Ap = Phystad aperture in om goat fap: < Aperture bbe iencey pth Bap a3 gov. ve O-6. Dis Feoa yaxoexhp — A'S Ap. FAS Ae x Ay - 2 toe D: ie ne @ d= TS %,* an, D im decide $4 D(inda) = (0 1o9 (4588) Aol @ Conteal horn , Ap: ts vsRadivt ef opectuse in m- with ebheciencyy at Gos. 1 “206 Gi qp + oon TS¥l NSAP A* A Scanned with CamScanner—aaeaeEi~ ekexmire xhe Lengih Lo, HW plore apody,, Dekexm ¢ © 8 foe anglet Oe and Oy ot © PY sD. da) ee lane apextute 1S Ape leA hen yor oh the E-P p waveguide ' t by @ socho.ngular op the horn is Act by we i nith Tee mode ter § 20°24 we a 0-335, in trPlane - Ato te : oy g the die beamldth? and what | ey homer Bl. @tven 6, 202A, $4 0-385d . Berl0A et 2? bed dyed , Ops Oae? , HPERT™E Dea) wth. seguited horn feral w , Zi Oe - (oa) _ ood < 62°SA Ch Beorr ~ box The oe angl tn €-plone ih tan 4 ae oe - que . « dtax( PE ‘The dlovu angh fe H-plo LL Oy = a tat, = coi wit Lt Bacio Six Oy = lQ.gQ’ “Ke Lplanm apextuas 1h ays Lton{Sx) = ox Qveoatan( 287) =13B-AA Scanned with CamScannerHpew im € plane - 56 : 5b - 5-6! ey 10 Beis 14 plow Sen © ot _— . Ow By” Die cavity (0) = tog (te) = 10 tegen D = Bote de wha th the direch uty to des ob a. Seeokan - golar hom antenna, whch has pluysical aperdess, eae * oeth erubu ee efpedenty ay ) “eure ° HM -yTO- TOM “7028 A eaven ap: lA”, @ eq. =? Dee EP ibe 2 NT Ep hp _ uTvotel A Ae a De 40s - 404 . Dim de: lo log (908901) 2 adSFd8 the dimention: of an apetve 4 a. pyraril horn ase lox5 Un. 2t & operated ab 64te Frege “Pind beannwid th, pewer gain 4 direwivety He Sez 6x10 by 4 is ba ey re Bund Scanned with CamScanner—=— 5 HpBIO in E-plare M4 geen by 5bA @ wee Bb x Fun, Hippie LE plan) = “Gy ee 228 ; ; GHA GES > POL goin PE give . WeSAp ho (Qexay > te a o ig Gp Ae 7 We Sx tows -4 Seg 2 Gp inde= le loa (a) = ashe dB D the dine vtly (A given by Dae TEX PEK Aerxdy Fox loro Av ~ Av ~ Sate D=15 D indg- ‘ologlis) = HN 46[ de Scanned with CamScannerHelical Antenra. > A helical antenna consists of o Conducting ho%m ob helix helical antennas We wire wound in the 2 Jp most of the Cade: ported over ground plane 7 te tecdlive 4 connected between He bottor of the helix and the ground plane. 2 Ge worns 10 the hepurncy vronge Hb ord vHE bands >A condu wine ¢% wound on & uni born, cgliden St can be etthex lebt os right harded forms a Straight BD Fk Combines 3 geomereic lw , @ Urde and @ ciplinder- ay Helix ond ig Qromeby Scanned with CamScanner- she sgnbols Used osu Dz Akamekex o} Whe helix Ct Circunfeswoce ob the hobx = 1D | S + Spacing bekween the tuna Center to center) x= Pitch angle ee beng th Ob one funn MD Mo of tons d= dtameter of the helix conductor Total engi of the wire t% 2 Nl Total axial length u(p) = 0S from dtagrar . Ss awd of = too (E) : tan! &) o Xl 4 WW . = te Wxro , tands0oF g20 —» Loop antenna ; Peo anknam Maza, tangs D0 7 ra These axe 400 modes > Tyonmamission Moda > Radiation (R) mode Scanned with CamScannerae a | > IO Radiakon mode , baad or Creumheno, these oa 3 mades > Neaarinel mede ass * > Axia) mede Coe 4 > Corical mede Cg PA Bx MA oberg 9 =2,3>-- 2 Yn corm mode , the nadiaton % the (lic! ay Pexpendi colon br norma) *° au . 'g Podall) 2 pn anol mode, tu Hodiatew 1 ko tu elical ack Conica) mode C=] er8°- Scanned with CamScanner—_— > Ebjecr of Growd plane fn Atos mode 7 hodical antenna - czTDya _ [25nSA> Di Mg Yo & “BR 2 | wel vd shallow cuppd © “Dee p Comit © Flak Grew © Ground plane Grouvd plow be Frowag, mediom Fla HRP Me > practical design Constdexaktn hor arial meds habica ourtenna - The Twportonk Porometers are I Beam wid te 2 bole 3. Op edance &- Avfcl Satio P The podamerert ar fonction of no-of tor the torn Apadup » Hepuery Scanned with CamScanner= P Artal mode Heli cal antenna foput Impecance jy for antal foed + R= trorcy for pant phexol of dreumoautial -foed R= 150 le Resbichont ase Sy OB Halt power Beamurdth (peo) x» > Dihoutvity a BHO /eppgis)* Scanned with CamScanner- 2 a» vireivity = 12C\-7 &- p Goin = © * Disa oe vetee vsvolly ™ etbectenyy > boy. FP Pew tA fo voudy PRportional to the ‘no: of 4Ans @® Deaign OM Bxial mods Holi col ankona to haye he die ty OS akag, GW. Loy Axial mode 4elicad awtonng OF SC, S bo Choon Gy thor Poa ChooAe = fae” vr s : Sa=G tana = 0S tan Jag ° - 20123 66 Dérechutly = 1a Gtn. g Ds2udg = 6 lop) >Dd- om aste1q -_ 259 = 2 (2 eo 2 Ehechve Apaxtre of Helical antenna t, 2 Dg A ar 5 Heghes: Fir 55 obkained bf Preventing the ro-of turns > Orta) Kaito of An antenna i Sven af: 204 Jan Whee = no: of tui. ad Scanned with CamScanner—= ® 9 (6 tone Helical beam an\enna har a tiycumpecence of A and tone spar of My « feud (1) upaw (i) Gain GY Atal rakio z A | ; Cfroum fuence Cc bot 2k =| 7 7 toro Apacing. 28: My ~ Aly ~bot Saf AW yy, a Hppo ~ 82 ep cm: ae Pe et vs te One t Fd ne 0: & Ponta teen = vthet ne Dindg - he = 10 log ye) 2 Ieade. Scio = xd = Goro = 0-6 XK HQ = 99-9 voith Re boy G ty dB ~ lo tog G88) > IN SI dee tit ; : Ci) gered ato = pe. 204) abt) a3 we gy F038 Scanned with CamScannerYagi Uda finterro. | 2 Yagi - uta @ fog ah Cee often the iowntoa Prot S LBA Pro -H- Yogi astound 1727 > Yogi tt akko tnown at Leper goin antenna woLich a pepulondty oud (9 HE, VHE ard UNE bonds with rhe advantages Aight weigh , low Con, Mnpliot | © TE hal Untdirechoud) beam width with elahuly rosea bandiofith (ME is 0 Fined frepvenyy device: > UW provides a gain gf 940 (2d6i With a frouk to back xabo of 20de- 2 the basic element used IA Yagi of a/, dipole cud 8 horigontaly placed taown at driven element ‘or achve wlemont- 2D In ordex do Convert bidtrecional Sodialion patron twkD Unidiechonal , the Aupton UIA Paveve Clements buch GU Steflectors cuc) Abectors « > with parasike Vemadt the impedance noducer from 43, So be tncrean tus impedance 2 tolled dipole dh u%d at an active clement. D> fosrive Gemenbs secoive their Excitahon by near Held Coupling — from the driven @ autve element 2 Bare Yagi-vda antenna hag & basic ole ments > DrPven lemon > Roblector > Disockor - | Scanned with CamScannershell 4S i ae hss m Pog E- . bi ay Utrechay Sate Pigs Plane Radin A ttorn elects — Ditven clemoyy- fey: Geomeby of ‘Yogé -Udo ant 7 driven element. Pt i an element where pase, EEO Uerrens ih applied. Ot ts rormally a hath uswe depot oy & folded» Akpole QR . . Chlectox + Pp Yaq usually ody Bea replector td De a behfad the driven lemend . dt seduces the hachunted xadiation. Ik ua Patiine element. The Length Mf wsvally loge. than active demenk. ag 4G M2 thavby af Proluctive volich produces Correw sb the taduced Voltage tw te drtven eltuct hence tt sedycodh backward sxadialion - > Diredw : They wa placed inbsont of Pee achve element The length HK cheotin srrailes Han achve element - As bay Mgnt Coul- Prereare ia gen ° Typical! Values ob Yage- Ula aukenna or ° Recommended I: hrecor Lengths 1 @H- ONS)A = Gn3 tous) 2+ Feeder length ; (ont ~o-ng)A 5 ae Cutvally folded alipole) B° Roplertor Langhi oxc- orcas) = (ona oc by. 7 Mint Ox-oot)a » | "recor spadnys (oscouy) A> (Oreo 3) | Direcavety Gg) oe icon aog Pees No» of ements \N) Ry Direchvity Vp wo-ob elements 7 Ypically each dixecor will add around (8a 4 gain an Pyvegard direction , a) though ther Level Saducet a tie mumben of directors Tucreas: Scanned with CamScannerReblecloy Antennaé : > Reflector Antennal ae widely used bo modity the Vad alien pattern of the Stadigh element - A bear 0} Predetermrned charactesutcs mary be producad be Man’ oh a Las Avttable Shaped and Pulom nated Hepler surface: 2 ‘Reflector Antenra take any Jromeksi cal Con tyguratey BOomMme of them aro: ~ Plane goplertor x or lectos 5 cenved date ( the parato lod) Scannet .d with CamScannerD Whey we Used Po moxt of “He applicabiers foch aS RADAR, Satellite Communication, Satellite trotting , Ractio Aahonomy and otter microwave sy ppliectOve - +29 In Reple ctor antenna , anpthex antenna (4 Hequitud to Excite Tt Hence tke antennas Suck as dipole» horn 4 Slot ‘ove used 40 Excite the Kegle ctor utvally Called at Primacy antenna, wohilt the seoglector it cated af Keondary autora.’ B the sadiaken fatlonn Can be modified by useup a lasege ,motattic plane Sheet at a rahlecter, 7 elémingtor tle batkward sadiatten anc thus Farprove the radiation pattern of an antenna. * cat choot Reflects futemna’s is ——_—<—— Aingax Lage tt seal YB Mee ee ies ; A (Re ‘elesoonk | (dipok ont)) ht @ B tang por ger OS Bar dar OT . tobich % Hal Sheet mec the Linear dipole 4 uted Hodered the hatweunsd sadiaton: gafn tn -forwadd déection ft Pmproved bp redo ung the separation bl {lal Sheet and dépole- % lange ghouls ane mot sentitive #0 Small drepventys vaxtationt 4 ighile Hue ttn reflector element is Mlphly, Scanned with CamScannerSensitive to feegucory changer: MN P18 ie cis Yea edi wer “ut f eats Alot shut ' ak ¥ ghect i 5: % ane Sg: Mb Oo 2 of flat seplecter au, with Ff. Radiation pattexo o bin sxeflecror £ feed: Aecreak fn Space D corner Replector Antenna’ \ @ Aokve comer Saflector K— DP, —} oo fa pee tal ‘hoy Tabor at as (« €a¢) wil My< $< 2y5 ~ br Cha LE) A Jergth ob the Jed element > Radiation faitoxn U more Zhaxpined than plat rebfecter one P the angle at which the too plane repletoer are jolud M Woon af Packed angle («) > the Aystem ethyediencg depads 60 the Apading hetuneent ie etn and the feed dement- beg Tytona , § mete ‘ be adjusted depending ou the farelded angle a Lp tr oe decrease, 8 must- be Erereased - > with tupinite side berate (), goin Can ht Prireagd by decreasing a S Horr Candwidte tan be obtained when tur teed dem enke ace caplledricad or biconical dipoles taetead of thin wifes =) for saallex a , 1828 “the Radiation 2esistance fi the funtion ob Apacing bln the peed & Heplecor Bp the spacing too Large, the Unwanted muttipk lobe cou prodoced and here we diyeckivety if sadeced - > T the apacing M Voy Sead! the yadiation sxesidlane decreates and hence the ebbeciencg nedocet bass 2 D7 (Pees ee Ft © Laiul @ 2 ees Scanned with CamScanner@ sz yy besser @ ssa, 4228 Bera va. Pasaboltc Reflects : Sat He Hehe ctor antena with a shape of Parabils aud employs owl the propaxtiet Of paola . > The poxatola, tt tt o plane Cre dbfadiud by the locus of a potut the ~botwr aud dircbtrex u Coustau- 7 8 Poxobaletd wa 3D Aurbace obtatucd by revolutug the parabola aboot Ur axis. The paxabdloid PL Called the posabslic Heplectoe or oléth antenna. 8 Ss putin 2 Fg beometyy Of Parabolic seflechs tn Te- rode Lol hee PR > axes Ck ta Parabsle = mouth Aiameber = Dy = Didte ckyty BF = focal Jeng th sy > Veto n C80 = Pasa bola Scanned with CamScannerer i @.}©— —_ AF [ep = aperrurs of the poxobola > from the def of paxcbola, nex hove i Fp+ppl = FatQa' = ES4sd = Conftont (6) Ke vosuer with The guakou of paxarbolo mM yoy The euakton ob parabslotd i : yt”: bad Rtg: Geomary ot poxabolic Ke flector Pr seCotuewy mode - Woriing a 2 Th a feed antenra {4 placed ar the focus, atl Ye waved Which oe incident or Ito saplector Qud ‘then tipy ase seflected horming O plane wave pront - cid = waues Heath te Airechtk, 2b when the He fle of Che tuphax trrespective ro which they oe He flected. fe Concentrated aU of the well be potut on tu parabola ro S Hence the xadiak on (4 voy high and along the axia ob the parabola. 5 pt the fame time Hme , waver will be cancaled 'o other directions at a egull of path And pha i hho ~2n cep. Scanned with CamScannera the parabolic 9@ blector Converts 0 Sphesu cal yovedcont into 0 plane wovedvant DinechdO of direction of . ey qahon wy Propagation —° ; 4 oO wauedsonr wave eo - 0) plane wove (i) Sphesetcal Wave. > attr prémaiy or teed anttnna at nondixectional boy the beamwidth 4 gen Pg JOA wWhyu Daz mouth diamohkx HpaWw= 9 = = Frew 29 = Sek 2 2 Dinecivlty p tb given by 2 D= vei (#) ~ for a fosege, uni fosroly fUominated Fecrangular Apertura , beamwidth + dnectutly 4 guen by 4 BUSA ee. these Le length 04 fle BweN 2 ap . JIA ee) ie N: Apeutu%e axzalin}) De AtA “AE with A> aD> ) oc @ = Hane Py (2) withy M\ztooy- for chrenlax apes. » Scanned with CamScanneri ty Wer a I> Gn prack ce praboloid 4 not Uni hormnly 2 OF ray / 5 towards bot thesu a gradool toperdug Sue “dy actual That Capture aud 1 Armatlex thaw aS Oden ve De 2K A tohoee Bex aptore wVuQ O = Achn! awa Of moth Ks constant depends on type of antenn Used tos feed * O65 hos depole ead Gath 2 @. TAL _ yo Ka ar . Ae Fro cerewlose Apoctumed parabolotd, A = Tr : +; Hiso-6e swat * AY a sae (8 py tor a fquare aperture , Dz @= seat nel)? t TYPA Of Parabolic reflectors : post trom 4oll paso bolotd xeflect, tare are thon. tqper Of xe flectost > cut or truncated pascabolotd > Parabolic tybind ex > PU box aud Choege auttnna / D obbter poxaboloid seo flrctoy > es The axelow cost 4 Sie bot the pattern Ue nok directional, Scanned with CamScanneryn both © 4° fang, feud Sp brwh hor Parabelle soft oy » ot % Pokible ond they ote 1 Half wave 38 pal, aa to feed the He tloctes tn foros con Of Collineas dipoler 3° agi - Uda antenna 4 Comtex bed with spherical soflector < fotwso} poxabblotd + vypetaatdl A ttypexbolotd sieflecox Pig : CoMegrain mechani fr trandmistion mode: ®) Find. the directivity, beam widths and ep ective Oreo of Parabolic we Hector for which the sepectoy diameter UM gro aud apectus Cbtedenyy tf O-6¢- The tegoenuy Of Operation UO bey B's bm, Fstoary Ail. axio% mig toxiot = 003m 308 Yor0-Or. wigs” HPB—e = =5> = : 3 Filme. Shad . JAOX OcQaMRO: tli. _ Scanned with CamScannera! D- HT Ego’ OP AT x O65 KW pe v ea A L Bp = 2" @ on 2 6-415 (&) ons (8) Dz 256600 Dw dB= to le, (256600) = 54-0948 7 . 2 > Peng = Kp : O65. 1D = 065 ux) —— u S Rate @ L A,,7 Gpa > ft DA” 256600 x(0:03)> ae oh —e De igs at Scanned with CamScanner