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Linear Regression Guide: Types & Models

Linear regression is a supervised machine learning algorithm that finds the best linear relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. It represents this relationship as a straight line called the regression line. There are two types: simple linear regression, which uses one independent variable, and multiple linear regression, which uses more than one. The regression line shows whether the independent variables positively, negatively, or not at all impact the dependent variable.

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320 views7 pages

Linear Regression Guide: Types & Models

Linear regression is a supervised machine learning algorithm that finds the best linear relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. It represents this relationship as a straight line called the regression line. There are two types: simple linear regression, which uses one independent variable, and multiple linear regression, which uses more than one. The regression line shows whether the independent variables positively, negatively, or not at all impact the dependent variable.

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Fatima Ismael
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Linear Regression-

In Machine Learning,
● Linear Regression is a supervised machine learning algorithm.
● It tries to find out the best linear relationship that describes the data
you have.
● It assumes that there exists a linear relationship between a
dependent variable and independent variable(s).
● The value of the dependent variable of a linear regression model is
a continuous value i.e. real numbers.

Representing Linear Regression Model-

Linear regression model represents the linear relationship between a


dependent variable and independent variable(s) via a sloped straight line.
The sloped straight line representing the linear relationship that fits the
given data best is called as a regression line.
It is also called as a best fit line.
Types of Linear Regression-

Based on the number of independent variables, there are two types of


linear regression-

1. Simple Linear Regression


2. Multiple Linear Regression

1. Simple Linear Regression-

In simple linear regression, the dependent variable depends only on a


single independent variable.

For simple linear regression, the form of the model is-


Y = β0 + β1X
Here,
● Y is a dependent variable.
● X is an independent variable.
● β0 and β1 are the regression coefficients.
● β0 is the intercept or the bias that fixes the offset to a line.
● β1 is the slope or weight that specifies the factor by which X has an
impact on Y.

There are following 3 cases possible-

Case-01: β1 < 0

● It indicates that variable X has negative impact on Y.


● If X increases, Y will decrease and vice-versa.
Case-02: β1 = 0

● It indicates that variable X has no impact on Y.


● If X changes, there will be no change in Y.
Case-03: β1 > 0

● It indicates that variable X has positive impact on Y.


● If X increases, Y will increase and vice-versa.
2. Multiple Linear Regression-

In multiple linear regression, the dependent variable depends on more than


one independent variable.

For multiple linear regression, the form of the model is-


Y = β0 + β1X1 + β2X2 + β3X3 + …… + βnXn

Here,
● Y is a dependent variable.
● X1, X2, …., Xn are independent variables.
● β0, β1,…, βn are the regression coefficients.
● βj (1<=j<=n) is the slope or weight that specifies the factor by which
Xj has an impact on Y.
References:

https://www.gatevidyalay.com/tag/linear-regression-machine-learning-
ppt/

https://cs.stanford.edu/~ermon

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