Ministry of Construction

Department of Bridge

Bridge Maintenance Planning

(Ref: with Japanese std)

Daw Tin Moe Khaing

Assistant Director
19.5.2022 Bridge Special Unit (4), Mandalay
Bridge Department
 Outline of Presentation

 Background of Bridge Maintenance Plan Foundation

 Basic Concept of Maintenance Planning

 Basic Policy for Bridge Maintenance

 Inspection Plan

 Bridge Longevity Repair Plan

 Budget Management
 Background of Bridge Maintenance Plan Foundation

a. Most of the major bridges in Myanmar have been constructed

by the Ministry of Construction.
b. The total number of bridges in the country are approximately
5,500.
c. Bridges built in the past are aging, and the Ministry of
Construction is reaffirming the importance of maintenance
and management . The next two figures point out the
implementation of bridge maintenance plan.
Background of Bridge Maintenance Plan Foundation
Background of Bridge Maintenance Plan Foundation
 Basic Concept of Maintenance Planning

 Currently , bridge maintenance might be majorly conducted

after the damages have been sever.
( Collective Maintenance )
 Maintenance and management should be carried out through
“Preventive Maintenance,” in which the condition of the bridge
is monitored through inspections and repairs are made before
damage becomes severe.
 As a result, this will extend the service life of the bridge and
reduce the life cycle cost ( LCC ).
Basic Concept of Maintenance Planning
 Basic Policy for Bridge Maintenance

a) Formulation of strategic repair plans ( Process , Classification

setting, Maintenance scenario )
b) Promotion of effective maintenance( Introduced effect, LCC)
c) Strengthening of inspection/diagnosis system
 Basic Policy for Bridge Maintenance

a. Formulation of strategic repair plans

Appropriately evaluate the importance of the bridge and
determine the repair priority and repair content according to the
importance.
- Emphasis on traffic volume that affects the deterioration of
bridges
- Set different maintenance levels for each bridge depending
on their importance
 a). Formulation of strategic repair plans(Process)
• Process of efforts incorporating the concept of asset management
Management Goals / Levels

Status grasp ( regular inspection ) Tools for

Utilization of the continuous
system Health Evaluation operation
Bridge
inventory Bridge
system Repair Priority Study Deterioration prediction inspection
manual
LCC analysis
Bridge
Medium-to long-term management plan maintenance
guide

Implementation of measures
 a.1) Formulation of strategic repair plans(Classification setting)
Example of management classification and management level in Myanmar

Management Section Management Goals

Important bridges Management category 1
Cable-stayed bridges, Extend the life of the bridge by
suspension bridges, steel truss detecting and repairing damage at
an early stage. Minimize traffic
bridges, etc.
regulation.

General bridges
Management category 2
Bridges that do not
Corrective maintenance of damage
correspond to the above
detected by inspection. Accept
important bridges and length
traffic regulations.
of bridge is more than 55m

Management category 3
Small bridges Ensuring safety through minimum
Length of bridge is less than maintenance by inspection.
55m Considering weight regulation and
road closure.

Subdivision by maintenance scenario

 a.1) Formulation of strategic repair plans(Classification setting)
Setting management level
Set the level of damage to be repaired according to the management categories
Example of management level for each management category in Myanmar

Soundness I II III IV

1
Take
Management
Category

Countermeasures
2

3 Keep current soundness level

Even if the damage level is the same, if the management classification is different, the
damage response will be different.
 a.1) Formulation of strategic repair plans(Classification setting)
Example of management classification and management level

Management Section Management Goals

1st emergency transport road Management category 1
(National road / prefectural road Extend the life of the bridge by detecting and
) repairing damage at an early stage . Minimize traffic
20,000 vehicles / day or more regulations.

2nd/3rd emergency transport road Management category 2

( National /prefectural / city Extend the life of the bridge by detecting and
road) repairing damage at an early stage .Accept traffic
5,000 – 20,000 vehicles / day regulations.

Important city road Management category 3

( Base connecting road in the Corrective maintenance of damage detected by
city ) inspection. Accept traffic regulations.
1,000-5,000 vehicles / day
Other than emergency transport Management category 4
road Ensuring safety through minimum maintenance by
( Roads other than the above) inspections. Considering weight regulation and rode
1,000 vehicles / day or less closure.
a.2) Formulation of strategic repair plans(Maintenance scenario setting)
Example for introduction of maintenance scenarios

Maintenance scenario
Management
section Early
Strategic scenario
measures
Management
Category 1
Super high Spec High spec
Management maintenance maintenance
Health
Category 2 Renewal
recovery Minimum
maintenance
Management Standard maintenance
Category 3

Management -
Small bridge
Category 4
a.2) Formulation of strategic repair plans(Maintenance scenario setting)
Example for introduction of maintenance scenarios
 Health recovery : Below the control level, carry out minimum
repairs aiming for early recovery of soundness.
 Super high spec maintenance: Carry out generous preventive
maintenance on particularly important bridges.
 High spec maintenance : Carry out preventive maintenance on
important bridges
 Standard maintenance : Carry out conventional maintenance
 Minimum maintenance : Carry out minimal maintenance that are
difficult to extend the life due to low spec
 Renewal : Carry out maintenance until renewal of the bridge under
consideration for replacement
 Small bridge : Carry out emergency counter-measure in case of
emergency only
b.) Promotion of effective maintenance
The renewal period of important bridges has been extended by
future extending the service life.
- Establish scenarios to strength well-balanced maintenance
and repairs
- Long-span bridges promote longer life through careful
preventive maintenance
b.) Promotion of effective maintenance ( Introduced effect)
Image of the effect of introducing maintenance scenarios
 Determine priorities for measures from a medium-to long- term
perspective, to improve the effectiveness of the budget and
equalize project cost.
 By implementing maintenance management that is appropriate to
the characteristics of the bridge, it is possible to significantly
reduce the renewal cost even if the same cost is invested.
 Traffic safety can be ensured by accurately identifying damage
through periodic inspections and implementing repairs at the
appropriate time.
 Preventive maintenance at the stage where damage is small will
extend the service life of the system, and significant cost savings
can be expected compared to the case where corrective
maintenance is performed after the damage has become fatal.
b.) Promotion of effective maintenance ( Introduced effect)
 Image for reduction of the life cycle cost (LCC)

Concept of reduction of total maintenance cost through preventive maintenance.

 Basic Policy for Bridge Maintenance

C . Strengthening of inspection / diagnosis system

Revise the inspection procedure according to the current
situation in Myanmar.
- Inspections are carried out by the method and frequency
according to the characteristic of the bridge
- Early identification of bridge damage through routine patrols
C . Strengthening of inspection / diagnosis system 1
Example of Bridge condition grasping system
The soundness of bridges is mainly grasp by regular inspection, and safety
confirmation is supplemented by regular patrols and daily regular patrols.
Emergency inspection and status surveys are also conducted as needed.

Grasping the situation

Inspection Patrol Condition Survey

Periodic Emergency Regular Periodic

inspection inspection patrol patrol
 C . Strengthening of inspection / diagnosis system 2
Example for definition of soundness
The damage degree at the time of inspection is evaluated according to the
definition of soundness.
Damage Level Damage Condition Description

I Fair Sound Stage The function of the bridge has no problem

Preventive Light damage is found, but the function of the

II Poor Maintenance Stage bridge is not hindered. (Minor maintenance such as
monitoring and simple repair is required.)

Early Measures Stage Damage is found. If it left untreated, it may

interfere with the function of the bridge. (Early
III Bad
action is required, at least within 5 years.)

IV Dangerous Emergency Measures The function of the bridge is hindered. (Urgent

Stage action is strongly required as soon as possible.)

Damage level II: Bridges with high importance will be repair with priority, and
bridges with low importance will be followed up.
 Inspection Work (Inspection Plan)

Example of inspection plan

Summary and frequency of inspection work

Initial Inspection

Regular Inspection

- Inspection Sheet
(a) Check-mark-form
(b) Soundness diagnosis (I, II, III, IV)
- Twice in a year
 Basic Concept of Maintenance Planning
Type of Inspection Inspection Items Inspection Location Frequency of Inspection

on expressway visual inspection from patrol car 2 times / week

Dailey by patrol
by traffic patrol Patrol check by traffic patroller Dailey
Inspection
by on-foot on-foot inspection on expressway visual inspection on expressway 1 time / 5 year

all structural members visual inspection in close-up and distant 1 time / 2 year
in general
range

vertical alignment of main girder measurement from ground level

Inclination of pylon measurement of pylon, abutment and

embankment

movement of foundation of pylon measurement from walkway

and abutment
Periodic
Inspection force in main tendon Measurement inside pylon or main girder
in detail 1 time / 5 year
extraction amount of socket of Bearing: measurement from cross girder
main tendon Expansion joint: measurement from
walkway

movement of bearing and Close visual inspection from inside girder

expansion joint

steel plate deck, inside box-

girder

primary, secondary Seismic intensity > Level

Earthquake Visual inspection in close-up and distant 5-low
Emergency range
Strong Wind primary, secondary Avg. win speed > 15 m/s
Inspection
Other upon circumstance To be decided upon
Emergency circumstance
 Bridge Longevity Repair Plan

Bridge Repair medium- to long-term plan (image)

Bridge Damage Inspection Repair Year

Name Rank Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

A Bridge A 2009   
B Bridge B 2009   
C Bridge B 2009  
D Bridge C 2009 
E Bridge B 2009  
Bridge repair short-term plan (image)

Cost : million yen Off-season Busy season

Nation
Local public bodies
October

October

October
January

January

January
April

April

April
July

July

July
Budget Management
Basic Concept
 Repair plan is efficient in ensuring the safety and function of
bridges

 It may not be sufficient to reduce the total cost and regulate the
budget

 A cost forecast shall be developed based on a medium to long-

term perspective to reduce the total cost

 Adjust the budget in maintaining the necessary bridge functions

under limited financial conditions
Budget Management
1) The basic way policy
 The medium- to long-term outlook for bridges will be based on the
asset management approach

Information
Ledger on Structures Record Drawing
Inspection Plan Data System Management System
Facilities Information
(Amount/Shape/Material)

Basic Data Basic Data

Repair
Inspection Data System
Data System
Inspection Results Inspection Result Repair Result
(Ranking/ Judgment) (Repair Required)

Inspection Result Repair Result

Inspection Repair Plan Repair Work

Budget Management
 It should be prepared at the time of the formulation of the
maintenance plan approximately every five to ten years

5-10 years 5-10 years 5-10 years 5-10 years

Budget Management

Economic considerations
 The LCC is calculated by adding with below condition to the
deterioration prediction model, which takes into account management
scenarios.
(1) The service life of the bridge
(2) The evaluation period of the LCC
(3) The presence or absence of social discount rates and social costs

 It calculates the cost of the standard countermeasure method according

to the combination of components and soundness
Budget Management (Image of LCC reduction)
Comparison with preventive maintenance and corrective maintenance
Budget Management (Image of LCC reduction)
Comparison with preventive maintenance and corrective maintenance
Maintenance budget plan (Inspection costs)
Example of inspection budget planning
Practical flow
- Selection of target bridges and
Formulate a bridge inspection plan calculation of workload

- Calculate a draft budget (target

Estimate inspection cost quantity x unit price)
- Cost structure (material cost, labor cost,
machine cost, overhead cost)
Ex. Scaffold, Inspector fee, Aerial vehicle, Office expenses, etc.

- Hearing budget adjustments with

Negotiate with financial sector related departments

Confirmation of the budget of - Confirmation of inspection costs for the

target fiscal year are secured
the target fiscal year
Maintenance budget plan (Repair costs)
Example of repair budget planning
Practical flow
- Consider repair measures and
Inspections, evaluating of damage calculate an estimated budget

- Calculate a draft budget (target

Estimate repair cost quantity x unit price)
- Cost structure (material cost, labor cost,
machine cost, overhead cost)
Ex. Steel, Worker salary, Crane truck, Office expenses, etc.

Formulate a bridge repair plan - Plan to ensure an appropriate budget

for the target year allocation in consideration of priorities

Confirmation of the budget of - Confirmation of repair costs for the target

the target fiscal year fiscal year are secured
In conclusion, the implementation of effective maintenance plan needs
to the following activities :
 Inspection
 Evaluation
 Repair plan
 Budget plan
 Repair works
The inspection manual will be served the effective inspection process and
achieve the right decision for maintenance works.
Thank you for your attention