Experiment:-5

Object: - Study about Multimedia and its application.

Multimedia: Multimedia is the field concerned with the computer controlled integration of text, graphics,
drawings, still and moving images (Video), animation, audio, and any other media where every type of
information can be signified, stored, communicated and handled digitally.

Multimedia as name suggests is the combination of Multi and Media that is many types of media
(hardware/software) used for communication of information.

Fig: Multimedia

Components of Multimedia
Following are the common components of multimedia:

 Text- All multimedia productions contain some amount of text. The text can have various types of
fonts and sizes to suit the profession presentation of the multimedia software.

 Graphics- Graphics make the multimedia application attractive. In many cases people do not like
reading large amount of textual matter on the screen. Therefore, graphics are used more often than
text to explain a concept, present background information etc. There are two types of Graphics:
o Bitmap images- Bitmap images are real images that can be captured from devices such as
digital cameras or scanners. Generally bitmap images are not editable. Bitmap images
require a large amount of memory.
o Vector Graphics- Vector graphics are drawn on the computer and only require a small
amount of memory. These graphics are editable.

 Audio- A multimedia application may require the use of speech, music and sound effects. These are
called audio or sound element of multimedia. Speech is also a perfect way for teaching. Audio are of
 analog and digital types. Analog audio or sound refers to the original sound signal. Computer stores
the sound in digital form. Therefore, the sound used in multimedia application is digital audio.

 Video- The term video refers to the moving picture, accompanied by sound such as a picture in
television. Video element of multimedia application gives a lot of information in small duration of time.
Digital video is useful in multimedia application for showing real life objects. Video have highest
performance demand on the computer memory and on the bandwidth if placed on the internet. Digital
video files can be stored like any other files in the computer and the quality of the video can still be
maintained. The digital video files can be transferred within a computer network. The digital video
clips can be edited easily.

 Animation- Animation is a process of making a static image look like it is moving. An animation is just
a continuous series of still images that are displayed in a sequence. The animation can be used
effectively for attracting attention. Animation also makes a presentation light and attractive. Animation
is very popular in multimedia application

Image file formats

 GIF- Graphics Interchange Formats- The GIF format was created by Compuserve. It supports 256
colors. GIF format is the most popular on the Internet because of its compact size. GIFs can be
animated, which is another reason they became so successful. Most animated banner ads are GIFs.
GIFs allow single bit transparency that is when you are creating your image, you can specify which
color is to be transparent. This provision allows the background colors of the web page to be shown
through the image.

 JPEG- Joint Photographic Experts Group- The JPEG format was developed by the Joint
Photographic Experts Group. JPEG files are bitmapped images. It store information as 24-bit color.
This is the format of choice for nearly all photograph images on the internet. Digital cameras save
images in a JPEG format by default..

 PNG- Portable Network Graphics- PNG is the only lossless format that web browsers support. PNG
supports 8 bit, 24 bits, 32 bits and 48 bits data types. One version of the format PNG-8 is similar to
the GIF format. But PNG is the superior to the GIF. It produces smaller files and with more options for
colors

 TIFF- Tagged Image File Format- The TIFF format was developed by the Aldus Corporation in the
1980 and was later supported by Microsoft.

 BMP- Bitmap- The bitmap file format (BMP) is a very basic format supported by most Windows
applications.

 EPS- Encapsulated Postscript- The EPS format is a vector based graphic. EPS is popular for saving
image files because it can be imported into nearly any kind of application. This file format is suitable
for printed documents. Main disadvantage of this format is that it requires more storage as compare
to other formats.

 PDF- Portable Document Format- PDF format is vector graphics with embedded pixel graphics with
many compression options. When your document is ready to be shared with others or for publication.
This is only format that is platform independent. If you have Adobe Acrobat you can print from any
document to a PDF file. From illustrator you can save as .PDF.

 EXIF- Exchange Image File- Exif is an image format for digital cameras. A variety of tage are
available to facilitate higher quality printing, since information about the camera and picture - taking
condition can be stored and used by printers for possible color correction algorithms.it also includes
specification of file format for audio that accompanies digital images.

 WMF- Windows MetaFile- WMF is the vector file format for the MS-Windows operating environment.
It consists of a collection of graphics device interface function calls to the MS-Windows graphice
drawing library.Metafiles are both small and flexible, hese images can be displayed properly by their
proprietary softwares only.
  PICT- PICT images are useful in Macintosh software development, but you should avoid them in
desktop publishing. Avoid using PICT format in electronic publishing-PICT images are prone to
corruption.

 Photoshop- This is the native Photoshop file format created by Adobe. You can import this format
directly into most desktop publishing applications.

Applications of Multimedia
Following are the common areas of applications of multimedia.

 Multimedia in Business- Multimedia can be used in many applications in a business. The multimedia
technology along with communication technology has opened the door for information of global wok
groups. Today the team members may be working anywhere and can work for various companies.
Thus the work place will become global. The multimedia network should support the following
facilities:
o Voice Mail
o Electronic Mail
o Multimedia based FAX
o Office Needs
o Employee Training
o Sales and Other types of Group Presentation
o Records Management
 Multimedia in Marketing and Advertising- By using multimedia marketing of new products can be
greatly enhanced. Multimedia boost communication on an affordable cost opened the way for the
marketing and advertising personnel. Presentation that have flying banners, video transitions,
animations, and sound effects are some of the elements used in composing a multimedia based
advertisement to appeal to the consumer in a way never used before and promote the sale of the
products.

 Multimedia in Entertainment- By using multimedia marketing of new products can be greatly

enhanced. Multimedia boost communication on an affordable cost opened the way for the marketing
and advertising personnel. Presentation that have flying banners, video transitions, animations, and
sound effects are some of the elements used in composing a multimedia based advertisement to
appeal to the consumer in a way never used before and promote the sale of the products.

 Multimedia in Education- Many computer games with focus on education are now available.
Consider an example of an educational game which plays various rhymes for kids. The child can
paint the pictures, increase reduce size of various objects etc apart from just playing the rhymes.
Several other multimedia packages are available in the market which provides a lot of detailed
information and playing capabilities to kids.

 Multimedia in Bank- Bank is another public place where multimedia is finding more and more
application in recent times. People go to bank to open saving/current accounts, deposit funds,
withdraw money, know various financial schemes of the bank, obtain loans etc. Every bank has a lot
of information which it wants to impart to in customers. For this purpose, it can use multimedia in
many ways. Bank also displays information about its various schemes on a PC monitor placed in the
rest area for customers. Today on-line and internet banking have become very popular. These use
multimedia extensively. Multimedia is thus helping banks give service to their customers and also in
educating them about banks attractive finance schemes.
 Multimedia in Hospital- Multimedia best use in hospitals is for real time monitoring of conditions of
patients in critical illness or accident. The conditions are displayed continuously on a computer screen
and can alert the doctor/nurse on duty if any changes are observed on the screen. Multimedia makes
it possible to consult a surgeon or an expert who can watch an ongoing surgery line on his PC
monitor and give online advice at any crucial juncture.
In hospitals multimedia can also be used to diagnose an illness with CD-ROMs/ Cassettes/ DVDs full
of multimedia based information about various diseases and their treatment.Some hospitals
extensively use multimedia presentations in training their junior staff of doctors and nurses.
Multimedia displays are now extensively used during critical surgeries.

 Multimedia Pedagogues- Pedagogues are useful teaching aids only if they stimulate and motivate
the students. The audio-visual support to a pedagogue can actually help in doing so. A multimedia
tutor can provide multiple numbers of challenges to the student to stimulate his interest in a topic. The
instruction provided by pedagogue have moved beyond providing only button level control to
intelligent simulations, dynamic creation of links, composition and collaboration and system testing of
the user interactions.

 Communication Technology and Multimedia Services- The advancement of high computing

abilities, communication ways and relevant standards has started the beginning of an era where you
will be provided with multimedia facilities at home. These services may include:
o Basic Television Services
o Interactive entertainment
o Digital Audio
o Video on demand
o Home shopping
o Financial Transactions
o Interactive multiplayer or single player games
o Digital multimedia libraries
o E-Newspapers, e-magazines