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Network Layer

The document contains multiple questions related to networking concepts like subnetting, fragmentation, routing tables, NAT, IPv4 and IPv6 headers, congestion control schemes, and software defined networks. Specifically, it asks about subnet design for different IP address blocks and network sizes, the fragmentation process for packets that exceed the MTU, interpreting routing tables and determining the appropriate subnet masks, explaining the NAT process and IPv6 header format, why fragmentation is needed and which IP header fields change between routers, comparing AIMD and slow start congestion control, and assessing if SDN could be implemented in a college network.

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52 views2 pages

Network Layer

The document contains multiple questions related to networking concepts like subnetting, fragmentation, routing tables, NAT, IPv4 and IPv6 headers, congestion control schemes, and software defined networks. Specifically, it asks about subnet design for different IP address blocks and network sizes, the fragmentation process for packets that exceed the MTU, interpreting routing tables and determining the appropriate subnet masks, explaining the NAT process and IPv6 header format, why fragmentation is needed and which IP header fields change between routers, comparing AIMD and slow start congestion control, and assessing if SDN could be implemented in a college network.

Uploaded by

01fe21mca013
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Consider the following network.

With the indicated link costs, use Dijkstra’s shortest-path


algorithm to compute the shortest path from A to all network nodes

An engineering college has 4876 students with 6 departments, design a network of 6 subnets
with proper masking, every subnet must be able to satisfy minimum of 25% of total strength.

An organization is granted the block 11.11.11.0/24. The administrator wants to create 5 subnets
with the following size 1 st sub network with 2 nodes. 2 nd sub network with 6 nodes. 3 rd sub
network with 6 nodes. 4 th sub network with 14 nodes. 5 th sub network with 30 nodes. Show the
sub network design. How many address are unused after allocation?

The router R1 will receive the packet with 4000 Byte data, the output link maximun trasmission
unit(MTU) is 1420, illustrate the process of fragmentation. How the receiver will reassemble the
fragmented packets?

A company is granted the site address 201.70.64.0. Formation of six subnets is the requirement
of the company. Represent the subnet design with diagram.

An organization is granted the block 130.56.0.0/16. The administrator wants to create 1024
subnets. i. Find the subnet mask ii. Find the number of addresses in each subnet. iii. Find the first
and last addresses in subnet 1. iv. Find the first and last addresses in subnet 1024.

Divide the network 220.125.5.192/26 into 8 sub networks. How many hosts can be connected in
each network? Show their IP range, network address and broadcast address.

Suppose a router receives an IP packet containing 4000 data bytes and has to forward the packet
to a network with MTU of 1500 bytes. Assume that the IP header is 20 bytes long. Show the
fragments that router creates and specify the values in each fragment header.

Consider a router has built up the routing table as shown below, the router can deliver packets
directly over interface 0 and 1 or it can forward packets to routers R2, R3 or R4. Assume the
router does longest prefix match.
An IP packet of size 4404 bytes is received by the router with an IP header of length 20 bytes.
The maximum transmission unit is of 1500 bytes. Explain the fragmentation process at the router
with relevant diagram and the related field values in the IP datagram.

Describe which subnet mask the router uses with a packet addressed to each of the following
destination.
i. 128.96.171.92.
ii. 128.96.167.151.
iii. 128.96.163.151.
iv. 128.96.169.192.
v. 128.96.165.121.

Routing Table:
Subnet Number Subnet Mask Next Hop
128.96.39.0 255.255.255.128 Interface 0
128.96.39.128 255.255.255.128 Interface 1
128.96.40.0 255.255.255.128 R2
192.4.153.0 255.255.255.192 R3
Default R4

Write a note on NAT.


Explain NAT process in detail.

Explain with diagram the IPv6 header format. Differentiate between IPv4 and IPv6.

Explain IP datagram format. Which fields of the IP header change from router to router? Why
the value is changing from router to router.

Why fragmentation is required in networks?

Explain IP datagram format, which fields of the IP header change from router to router? Justify.

Comapre Additive Increase/Multiplicative Decrease (AIMD) congestion control scheme with


slow start congestion control scheme.

Define Software Defined Network(SDN). Can we implement SDN in our college network?
Justify.

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