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Introduction
Table Tennis is a common sport that is played indoors. This game can be played in
singles wherein there are two players competing. This can also be played in doubles wherein there are
two teams competing.
The objective of the game is to hit the ball by a racket and return it to the opponent over the net.
The former name of this game is
History of Table Tennis
Table Tennis is a relatively new sport. It was first conceived by a British officer in
In 1901, the game was also known as and which were the trade
names of balls given by the Jacques and son, who are the manufacturers of
sporting goods. Later, the game was named “ping pong”, derived from the sound made by the ball
when it hits the racket and table. In 1903, Arnold Parker, a champion table tennis player formulated the
first law in table tennis.
The game lost its popularity in 1904 because the cost of the racket and the ball went high. When it
regained its popularity in 1922, different national associations were formed in 1926, one of which was
the which was established in Berlin.
Equipment
Table
Contructed of ¾ -inch (1.9cm) thick fine
plywood; 9 ft. (2.74 m.) in length and 5
feet (1.52 m)in width.
Playing surface: should be dark (usually
green and non-reflecting) and should lie in
horizontal plane 2 ft. 6 in. (76cm.) above
the floor. Sidelines and endlines are white
and should be ½ to ¾ in. (2 cm.) wide. The
centerline is also white, but only 1/8 to 1.4
inch (3mm) wide.
The net
Light in texture and stretched across center
of table and attached to the outside by
vertical standards.
Net should be from
above the table.
Racket or Paddle
A wooden rubber faced racket (as mandated
by the rules)
The striking surface of the racket must be
covered with a pimpled rubber facing inward
and outward.
A single layer of cellular (sponge) rubber may
be located underneath the rubber surface.
The two surface of the blade shall be black on
one side and bright red on the other side.
Ping pong Balls
is small, celluloid, spherical, white or yellow in color,
in diameter, and 2.5 g. in weight.
is fragile but quite hard to break unless stepped on.
The ITTF approved standard ball has a uniformed
bounce.
If it is dropped from a height of 12 inches (30.5 cm)
on a plywood, it should bounce up to 8 ¾ to 9 ¾
inches (22 to 25 cm)
Fundamental skills and techniques
A. Grip and Racket Control
Holding the racket determine how you play the game. Two basic grip is recommended.
1. or Shakehand Grip
> This is popularly used worldwide.
Grasps the racket as if to shake hands
with it. It gives you the best forehand
and backhand.
2. Penhold Grip
> This is similar to holding a pen
between the thumb and forefinger. The
forefinger and thumb reach over the
shoulders of the blade, with the other
fingers spread over the back. Only one
side of the racket is used for both
forehand and backhand shots.
B. Stance and Footwork
Proper stance and footwork in
serving or receiving are just as important
in learning table tennis as they are in
tennis, badminton, or any sport skill that
requires a constantly alert player.
C. Serving
1. Topspin serves
With either a forehand or backhand
stroke, the ball is put into play by
projecting it upward from the flat free
hand. As the ball hit the racket, which is
swung forward and upward meets
descending it, and the racket face is closed
(facing upward from the tabletop and net).
2. Backspin serves
> The ball is struck with a downward,
forward motion of the racket. The
racket face is open (facing upward
from the tabletop and net).
D. Strokes
1.
Is the basic defensive shot.
2. Drive
3. Chop
This is primarily a defensive stroke.
4.
Is used on a higher-than-the-net bounce --- the
higher the better. It is high straight forward and
downward without spin on the opponent’s court.
This is an offensive stroke.
Rules of the Game
The objective of the game is to hit the ball with the racket or paddle held in the hand
over the net. The ball must strike on the server’s side of the court before striking the top
of the table on the opponent’s court.
Striking the ball before it bounces is not allowed.
Whoever commits a mistake looses a point and your opponent gains a point.
A player or pair first scoring eleven (11) points is the winner of the game, unless both
players or pairs score 10 points, the game shall be won by the first player or pair
subsequently gaining a lead of two points.
A match is won in a three out of five games.
The Service
A good service is delivered by projecting the ball from the free hand and
the projection starts from above the playing surface. The ball must be resting on the palm of
free hand, which is flat, and the thumb free of the fingers. As it starts to descend, the ball is
struck so that it touches the server’s court first and then, passing directly over or around the
net, touches the receiver’s court.
A good return of a served ball must be struck by the receiver on the first bounce
so that it passes directly over or around the net and touches directly on top of the opponent’s
court.
A Point
A point is awarded to the opponent in the following circumstances:
1. Failure to make a good service, unless a let is declared.
2. Failure to make a good return of a good service or a good return made by the opponent,
unless a let is declared.
3. If the player, the racket, or anything that the player wears or carries touches the net or
its support while the ball is in play.
4. If the player’s free hand touches the playing surface while the ball is in play.
5. If, before the ball in play has passed over the endlines or sidelines, not yet having
touched the playing surface on the player’s side of the table after being struck by the
opponent, it comes in contact with the player or anything the player wears or carries.
6. If a player strikes the ball twice in succession.
A Let
A let ball, which is then replayed, is called in the following cases:
1. If the served ball, in passing over the net, touches it or its support, provided that the
service would otherwise have been good or volleyed by the receiver.
2. If a service is delivered when the receiver is not ready, provided always that the receiver
may not be deemed unready if an attempt to strike at the ball is made.
3. If either player is prevented by an accident not under his or her control from serving a
good service or making a good return.
In Play
The ball is in play from the moment it is projected from the hand in service until
one of the following has occurred:
1. It has touched one court twice consecutively.
2. It has, except in service, touched each court alternately without having been struck by
the racket immediately.
3. It has been struck by either player more than once consecutively
4. It has touched either player or anything that the player wears or carries, except the
racket or racket hand below the waist.
5. On the volley it comes in contact with the racket or the racket hand below the wrist.
6. It has touched any object other than the net and supports.
The Order of Serving, Receiving, and Ends
1. The right to choose the initial order of serving, receiving, and ends shall be decided by
lot and the winner may choose to serve or to receive first or to start at a particular end
2. When one player or pair has chosen to serve or to receive first or to start at a particular
end, the other player or pair shall have the other choice.
3. After each two points have been scored, the receiving player or pair shall become the
serving player or pair and so on until the end of the game, unless both players or pairs
score 10 points or the expedite system is in operation, when the sequences of serving
and receiving shall be the same but each player shall serve for only one point in turn.
4. In each game of doubles match, the pair having the right to serve first shall choose
which of them will do so and in the first game of a match, the receiving pair shall decide
which of them will receive first; in subsequent games of the match, the first server
having been chosen, the first receiver shall be the player who served to him in the
preceding game.
5. In doubles, at each change of service the previous receiver shall become the server and
the partner of the previous server shall become the receiver.
6. The player or pair serving first in a game shall receive first in the next game of the match
and in the last possible game of a doubles match the pair due to the receive next shall
change their order of receiving when first one pair scores five points.
7. The player or pair starting at one end in a game shall start at the other end in the next
game of the match and in the last possible game of a match the players or pairs shall
change ends when first one player or pair scores five points.
