Republic of the Philippines

DEPERTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region IV-A- CALABARZON
Schools Division of Laguna
STA MARIA INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
Santa Maria, Laguna

Community Engagement,
Solidarity, and Citizenship
Quarter 1- Week 1-2

Most Essential Learning Competency:

Explain the importance of studying community dynamics and
community action in relation to applied social sciences and the
learners’ future career options

1
 What I Need to
Know
You will explain the importance of studying community dynamics and community action in
relation to applied social sciences and the learners’ future career options. Specifically, this
module will help you to:

• understand the importance of studying community dynamics in relation to the applied social
sciences;

• explain and describe the concept of community;

• recognize the diversities in communities and learners ‘future career options.

What I
Know
Directions: The following statements will enable you to reflect on or assess your level of
understanding about community and community action. Under the first column, put a check
mark (/) in the cell beside a statement if you agree with and a cross mark (x) if you disagree.

After completing this module revisit the statements and put your answers under the
third column. Can you see any changes in your answers? What new knowledge have you
acquired about community and community action?

Before the After the

completion Statements completion
of Module 1 of Module 1
Community
It is traditionally perceived as homogeneous and
monolithic.
It is linked with geographical location – a restricted
territory where people perform their activities.
It is connected with work – the cultivation,
contribution, allocation, and utilization of goods and
services.
It is considered as a social system where the
components and the environment are interrelated.
The traditional view of community appears
restrictive.
Community Action
It is a manifestation of a people’s collective grasp
and ownership of a situation – a situation that
generally has an effect on them.
The common context is an important ingredient of
community action as it is the base in building a
common lens.
A common understanding of a community issue
elevates the community relationship from a
“feeling”level to a “thinking”level.

2
 Acceptable standards are an important ingredient of
community action.
Common analysis as an ingredient of community
action may strengthen or break relationships among
community members.

Lesson The Importance, Definition,

1
and Elements of a Community
and the Approaches in the

What’s In

Activity 2: Getting to Know Your Community

Objective: To inculcate the importance of knowing the community first before undertaking
any community intervention.

Direction: Sketch your community through social mapping which contains all community and
geographical information and make conclusions based on your observations about the
dynamics that exist in your community.

Church

School Family

Transport
Business
Sector

Community

Law Health
Enforcement Services

Civic
LGUs
Organizations

Cooperatives

Answer the following question:

a. Where do you belong along these groups?
3
b. Ten years from now, where would you be on these groups

What’s New
Activity 2. Song Analysis
Objective: Analyze the concept of community presented in the song.
Directions:
1. Listen or read the song “Magkaisa”
2. Prepare a separate paper for your answer.
3. Answer the questions below?
Magkaisa
Virna Lisa

Ngayon ganap ang hirap sa mundo Magkaisa (may pag-asa kang matatanaw)
Unawa ang kailangan ng tao At magsama (bagong umaga, bagong araw)
Ang pagmamahal sa kapwa'y ilaan Kapit-kamay (sa atin Siya'y nagmamahal)
Isa lang ang ugat na ating pinagmulan Sa bagong pag-asa
Tayong lahat ay magkakalahi
Sa unos at agos ay huwag padadala
Chorus
Panahon na (may pag-asa kang matatanaw)
Ng pagkakaisa (bagong umaga, bagong araw)
Kahit ito (sa atin Siya'y nagmamahal)
Ay hirap at dusa
Magkaisa (may pag-asa kang matatanaw)
At magsama (bagong umaga, bagong araw)
Kapit-kamay (sa atin Siya'y nagmamahal)
Sa bagong pag-asa
Ngayon may pag-asang natatanaw
May bagong araw, bagong umaga
Pagmamahal ng Diyos, isipin mo tuwina
Repeat Chorus

Critical Thinking Questions:

1. What does the song “Magkaisa” say about our community?
2. What kind of community is presented in the song? Why?
3. How does cooperation help the community in attaining the common goal? Give
example from your concrete experiences.

What Is It
4
IMPORTANCE AND GAINS IN UNDERSTANDING COMMUNITY

Gains in Understanding Community Dynamics

Provides benchmarking Before undertaking any community action or community development
data intervention, it is important to establish the benchmark data. The data
illustrate the preliminary picture or image of the community. It serves as
the initial community situationer.
Provide preliminary To be able to produce a project design or project plan, it is necessary to
project planning secure community information and feedback that are necessary for
information conceptualization. Understanding community dynamics is the key to a
sound and relevant community development plan.
Provides an idea of the An in depth understanding of the community strengths as well as its
Community Strengths challenges creates guides community project planners to identify the
and Challenges project designs’ facilitating and hindering factors. Thus it will make the
design more feasible and realistic.
Provides opportunity The make or break of a community project more often than not is strongly
to seize community affected by the prevailing rules and norms in the community. The intensity
dominant rules and or degree of people’s reactions or sensitivities is affected by these rules
norms and norms. A successful community development project requires a
consideration of these rules and norms,
Provides an occasion to An understanding of the community members’ attitude and behavior
solicit the attitude and would provide people who are planning to start a community project a
behavior of a sense if your project will be supported or rejected or can be negotiated.
community
Provides a way for a If one is an outsider in a target community for project development, one
more directed and well- crucial activity is the dialogue with community. Quality dialogue would
informed dialogue with depend on how well informed or how knowledgeable the outsiders are on
the community the community situation and issues.
Make networking and By having an idea of the different advocacy and interest groups in the
partnership building community, it easier for people from the schools and institutions or groups
more favorable to partner with local networks or associations.
Gets project Without a good grasp of a community, project development and
implementation less implementation become complicated and stressful. An understanding of
complicated the community somehow gives an indication of what not to do or what to
be more concerned of.

Community situations vary. Each community has its own context and given realities. Those
interested in working with a community must first have a clear picture and good grasp of the
entity they are trying to address. It is in appreciating the features and elements of a
community that engagement processes and actions become relevant acceptable and
appropriate. Without a deep and wide knowledge on one’s target community, interventions
may emerge as exclusive, inappropriate or totally insensitive to the people. So, what gains do
we get in finding time to understand a community.

5
 There are many ways to understand and appreciate a community but
there is no substitute to immersing and living with that community. Social
development workers, social workers, social action people and community
organizers cannot escape what we call in Tagalog as “Paglubog” or “Pagbabad”.
It is more than exposure. It means immersion. It is a process of living with them
in order to feel, smell and think like them. This practice is captured by the
thinking of Chinese philosopher Lao Tsu (700 B.C.) which states that”

“Go to the people – Live with them, Love them. Start with what they know.
Build with what they have.”

The getting to know stage or phase is the “SEE” or “MASID” portion in the
“See-Judge-Act” method originally coined and used by Cardinal Cardijn in 1925.
This process is the same as the “Observe-Judge-Action” mentioned by Pope John
XXIII in his Encyclical “Mater et Magistra” (Christianity and Social Progress”) in
1961 which is part of the church social teachings.

REFLECTION QUESTION

Why is it important to understand to get to know your target community?

What’s
More
A Short Play Entitled “TAYO NA SA TALIPAPA”

Objective: To inculcate the importance of knowing the community first before

undertaking any community intervention

Directions:

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 1. Form three groups.
Group 1-Students
Group 2-Local Officials
Group 3-Market Vendors
2. For Group 1: Plan a visit to a talipapa.Present a proposal to renovate
the talipapa. The focus of the renovation will be on putting the stalls of
the same products in one section. You will do this project in partnership
with a corporate foundation.
3. For Group 2: Discuss the plan with the students. Arrange a meeting
with the vendors to implement the plan.
4. For Group 3: Reject the idea and mobilize other vendors to stop the
implementation of the project. Explain the reasons why it should not be
implemented (e., it will be difficult for your suki to find you, it will be
costly, etc.).
Process Questions

Why was your plan rejected? What did you fail to do? Write your answers
in a separate sheet of paper.

Reflection Question

Why is it important to exert time and energy to understand the community

before presenting a project?

What I have
Learned

The Topic was about __________________________________________

It Matters because ____________________________________________

I’ve Learned today that _______________________________________

What I can
do
A Short Play Entitled “BALIK TAYO SA TALIPAPA”

Objectives: It aims to undertake a process of review from the mistakes of

improper consultation and make the necessary improvements.

Instructions:

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1. You will re-enact the play, entitled, “Tayo na sa Talipapa” but we shall
change the title of the play to “Balik tayo sa Talipapa.” You will go back to
our assigned groups (three groups). The same roles will be played but this
time, with different instruction. To review, the first group will act as the
vendors in the market, the second group will act as the students and the
third group will act as the officials.

2. Again, for the student’s groups, you are the students from the Zeal for
Action class with a required community action project. You will go back to
Talipapa or community market and make the necessary preparations to
design a plan and implements a project that will benefit the vendors.

3. However, before proceeding to your activity you will be reminded by a

school announcement which states that:

In the context of health security issues, students are required to defend projects
or activities that are to be held outside the premises of their home. Given this
requirement, develop a Permission Letter for the School Principal requesting that
your Project Team be allowed to undertake a Community Visit and Assessment as
a project preliminary activity. In that Permission Letter, include the following:
Rationale of the Community Visit and Assessment, Objectives of the Visit and
Assessment, Expected Output and Gains of the Visit and Assessment.

4. After the principal’s approval, you will write a letter to the local officials
and convey your objectives and set a meeting with them to discuss your
objectives.

5. Then will meet the local officials and agree on partnership terms. Part of
the agreement is to request from the local officials’ assistance in
undertaking a consultation with the vendors and key stakeholders in
Talipapa. You will invite the partner corporation to join you in the
consultation.

6. Upon their approval, you will consult the vendors and other stakeholders.

7. After consultation, you will draft your plan and then go back to vendors
and validate your plans and then present your plan to the local officials.

8. In the plan, the local officials and the vendors will have particular roles to
play.

9. Upon approval, you will meet with their partner corporate foundation to
discuss the implementing plan, budget alignment and policy requirements.

10.After all the necessary preparations, together with the vendors, local
officials and the corporate foundation, you are now ready to implement
the plan.

8
 11.There may still have unavoidable problems. However, because the
necessary information was gathered. And the right process was observed,
the project would be successfully implemented.

GUIDE QUESTION

1. What processes were undertaken that would make the project successful?

2. What did you learn from the process?

Assessme
nt
I. TRUE OR FALSE. Read each statement carefully. Write T if the statement is
true and F if it is not.

_____ 1. Community is a collection of people in a particular territory.

_____ 2. Collection of people is always synonymous with community.

_____ 3. The daily operations in the community constitute to a feeling of isolation.

_____ 4. Society is another term for community.

_____ 5. Being a part of a community develops a sense of belongingness among

individuals.

II. IDENTIFICATION. Identify what is being asked in each statement. Write your
answer on the space provided.

_________________ 1. It is defined as collection of people in a geographical area.

_________________ 2. It is the study of society and social interactions.
_________________ 3. An element of a community which pertains to a geographical
area which pertains to a geographical area which can be under the jurisdiction of
the government.
_________________ 4. It is the study of man.
_________________ 5. It is defined as an established organization.
III. MATCHNG TYPE. Match column A to Column B. Write the letter of your
answer on the space provided.

A.
_______ 1. Pertains to highly industrialize communities.
_______ 2. Consists of agricultural lands, also referred as pre-industrial
communities. _______ 3. A densely populated area usually crowded and has dirty
run-down housing. _______ 4. An area of land that has been divided on smaller
areas on which houses were built.
_______ 5. Refers to the social standing of an individual.

B.

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a. Slums b. Urban c. Social Status

d. Rural e. Subdivision f. Community

Additional
Activities
COMMUNITY DOCUMENTING

This activity will help you gather information and characteristics about
your community so that you can better understand its needs and should take
about 60 minutes to do. In advance, the team should agree on where or who
they are most interested in observing and then plan a time to go there to do the
activity. This could be a meeting, a day of work, a classroom, or a place,
depending on the community selected. Afterwards, the team should find a place
where they can write responses to questions, and then discuss their responses
together.

What You Will Need:

 Pens or markers
 Paper to write on or use the worksheet
 Clipboard (optional but good to have)
 Camera (optional but also good to have, you can use the camera on a
phone)

What You Will Do:

1. Schedule a time to observe if your observation involves people.

2. Go to the place your team has chosen to observe. If you have the
worksheet, you can use that to record your responses. Otherwise, write
down where the place is and details about who is present on a piece of
paper. Be specific.
3. Quietly observe. If you are in a meeting or place with people, tell them you
are there to watch and learn. Make sure to take notes and, if you have
permission from the people present, pictures. If you are in an open space,
slowly walk around the area and make note of or take pictures of the
major structures (e.g. churches, stores, buildings, schools).
4. Look for less obvious things. Some examples: a person's silence, a look
between people, a community garden, a vacant lot, signages. As you
observe this time, write down not only what you see, but also what you
hear, smell, or feel.
5. When you finish, respond to the following questions:
 What surprised you the most about the community?

10
  Can you see any problems that are impacting the community? If so,
who is it affecting and how?
 What do you think this community needs to help solve the
problem/s?
 Who would be responsible for making that change and how?
 How might the community needs be solved by technology?
6. Discuss what some of the common things your team noticed were. Were
there any surprises? What were some of the problems that you noticed in
the community? Do you have pictures that can help illustrate your points?
Does your team feel strongly about any of these issues? Why?

Referenc
es
Books

Melegrito, Ma. Lourdes F., et. al. Community Engagement Solidarity and
Citizenship. Department of Education. Phoenix Publishing House, Inc. 2016

What I Need to
Know
You will explain the importance of studying community dynamics and community
action in relation to applied social sciences and the learners’ future career
options. Specifically, this module will help you to:

• determine your level of awareness and understanding in determining

community power actors and their influence in various aspects of community life;

• determine your ability to recognize community dimensions;

• gauge and deepen your understanding of community dimensions.

What I
Know
Activity 1: Gallery of Class’ Concept of Community (Levelling off)

Objective: Aims to determine the student’s concept of community prior to class

lecture.

Instructions:

11
 1. Form four groups. Each group will come up with a definition and
description of community.

2. Write the definition and illustrate the description on a piece of manila

paper.

3. Your group representative will present and explain your concept of

community to the class via google meet.

4. Turn in your group output in goggle classroom after your sharing.

5. Share your views on the gallery of drawings about community. You may
ask questions, clarify points and share your views or reflections.

6. One of you may volunteer to synthesize the sharing.

Note: What is synthesis and the process of synthesizing?

What is a synthesize? Process of synthesizing

Lesson The Importance, Definition,

2
and Elements of a Community
and the Approaches in the

What’s In

Activity 2: “Masid-Suri”
Objective: Aims to initially determine the student’s concept of community.
Masid-to observe
1. A short film (15 minutes) about community life will be shown via goggle
classroom.
2. You watch intently, observe the dynamics and listen carefully.
3. You are also required to take notes. The notes will be submitted after the
film viewing.
Suri-to analyze
1. Write an essay entitled, “The Community as Portrayed in the Film”.
2. As a guide to the essay writing, the students need to indicate the
following:
2.1Composition of the Community

12
 2.2Characteristics of the Community
2.3Dynamics in the Community
3. Submit your essay and share your thoughts in class. Your essay will be
evaluated based on the following:
Category 4 3 2 1
Stays on Topic Stays on topic Stays on topic Stays on topic It was hard to
all (100%) of most (99%- some (89%- tell what the
the time. 100%) of the 75%) of the topic was
time time
Accuracy of All supporting Almost all Most No facts are
facts (Content) facts are supporting supporting reported, or
reported facts are facts are most are
accurately reported reported inaccurately
accurately accurately reported.
Sequencing of Information is Most Some There is no
information organized in a information is information is clear plan for
clear, logical organized in a logically the
way. It is easy clear, logical sequenced. An organization of
to anticipate way. item of information
the type of information
material that seems out of
might be next place
Cooperation (if Group Group Group Group is often
group) delegates tasks delegates tasks delegates tasks not effective in
and shares and shares and shares delegating
responsibility responsibility responsibility tasks and/or
effectively all effectively effectively sharing
of the time most of the some of the responsibility.
time time
Guide Questions
1. What are the community dynamics shown in the film?
2. What do you think are the factors that triggered the community dynamics?
3. Is it a combination of external and internal forces?
4. What have you learned?

What’s New

Activity 3. “Lakbay-Utak” (Mental Tour)

Objective: It aims to determine the students’ level of awareness and
understanding in determining community power actors and their influence in
various aspects of community life.
Instructions:
1. You will take a mental tour to a community, preferably a poor community,
which you are familiar with.
2. Imagine that you are investigating the community and tracking the power
actors/players. Silence is required for a few minutes and let your mind
travel slowly and be aware of what the exercise reveals.
3. You determine the power actors/players in the advocacy campaign on the
protection of the environment.

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 4. Write and submit your mental tour revelations.

Guide Questions
1. Who are the power actors/players?
2. What makes them power actors/players?
3. What have you learned in the exercise?

What Is It
The Definition of a Community

Communities are generally defined by their common cultural heritage, language,

beliefs, and shared interests. They may be classified as small such as the small
place-based community of a barangay or coastal village, or large such as region,
state, or nation (Murphy and Cinningham, 2003).
This section focuses on small communities.
According to Murphy and Cunningham (2003), small communities have “defined
territories and are given life by three interacting people processes:
(a) an underlying web of human relationships called as social fabric, (b) a unique
community power structure, and (c) set of resource flows that constitute a local
economy.” Small communities are powerful producers of relationships which
include kinship, friendship, neighbors, local institutions, and communications
mechanisms that connect people to people (Murphy and Cunningham, 2003)

Communities are viewed from the traditional and alternative perspectives. The
traditional perspective relates communities with geographical location, work, and
the social system. The alternative viewpoint, on the other hand, is more
subjective, integrative, and feminist and addresses oppression and
discrimination. It integrates the notion of social justice, human diversity, values,
and ethics; and applies the idea of community building, community renewal,
community assets ang strengths, ethnic and civil society, and social capital. A
holistic view recognizes the interconnectivity of “people and place-based
strategies “and acknowledges that economic, environmental, and social issues
are interdependent.

ELEMENTS OF COMMUNITY:
NATURE AND POWER STRUCTURE
The dynamics of a community is determined by its nature and structure
and how it reacts with external or internal forces. It is thus important to be
cognizant of the characteristics and features that are necessary to understand
why continues act and react on a certain way.

THE NATURE OF A COMMUNITY

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Nature Description

Community as a The concept of a community is not only a Not only

Sociology Construct “construct” (model); it is a “sociological construct” or
a set of interactions or human behaviors that have
meaning and expectations between its members. In
understanding how a community operates, and how it
changes, it is necessary to learn a little bit about
sociology the science. The mobilizer is an applied
scientist, social scientist. While a pure scientist is
interested in how things work, the applied scientist is
interested in taking that knowledge and getting useful
results.

A Community has When an identified community is a little village separated

Fuzzy Boundaries by a few kilometers from other villages, in a rural area, its
boundaries appear of human interaction may be seen as
consisting only of relations between the residents living
inside that village.
But if its residents interact also with people outside the
village, they marry persons from near and far, and may
move or bring a spouse in to live with them. At any one
time, those village residents may have sisters, brothers,
cousins, parents and extended relatives living elsewhere.
The boundary of that community is not so precise.
Communities Can There may be communities within larger communities,
be including districts, regions, ethnic groups, nations and
Within other boundaries. There may be marriages and other
Communities interaction that link villages on both sides of national
borders.
Communities May Furthermore, where technology is not based on local
Move horticulture, the community residents may be physically
mobile.
They may be nomadic herders walking long distances with
their cattle. They may be mobile fishing groups who move
from time to time as the fish are available. They may be
hunters who move to follow the game.
They may be hunters who move to follow the game.

A community can be considered like an organism because it remains to

functions even with the fact that its people come and go, it transcends its
individual humans. Living cells also behave similarly as it transcends its
individual humans. Living cells also behave similarly as it transcends its atom.
In addition, the life cycle of an atom occurs on a different set of forces than the
living plant or animal in which the atom is found. In the same way, an individual

15
person faces a different set of forces as compared to a community where the
individual lives (Bartle, 2010)
However, Bartle (2010) further pointed out that a community is “Super-
Organic Organism or System.” Made up of thoughts, outlooks and conduct of
individual human beings with full of divisions and conflicts brought about by
differences in religion, ethnicity, gender, access to resources class, educational
level, income level, ownership of properties, language, personality, opportunities
and a lot more.
This really indicates that to work in a community or to undertake
community interventions is a challenging task. One must learn to get to know
first and foremost the community system. How does the community works? What
are the structure and the different dimensions of a community? One must
observe how a community acts and reacts to forces that are external and internal
to its system. Development work requires understanding community dynamics
and processes.

REFLECTION QUESTION

“Why is community considered as a “Super-organic Organism or

THE STRUCTURE OF A COMMUNITY
System?”
In a community, change agents put premium in understanding power
structure. Community power structure is about the distribution of power at the
local community level (Sociology Guide). But what is power? Power in a
community is the capacity to influence the decision making and distribution
processes; bring about change and get things done. The idea of power includes
determining the structures that impact on local communities and also linkages
that form collaboration works.
What then are the bases of local community power?
Bases of Local Community Description
Power
Connections Capacity to create linkages and develop helpful
relationship with powerful individuals, family, and
organizations
Power in Number Indicates or signifies base, back up and support

Rewards Being able to provide awards, promotion, money

and gifts that are useful to meet individual or
organizational goals
Personal Traits/Expertise Capacity to foster respect and loyalty based on
charm, talents and skills.

Legitimate Power Possesses a leadership title or higher

organizational or institutional position
Information The ability to keep or share information

Coercion Influence through manipulation and coercion

16
 For community social change, it is necessary to understand the power
actors. As discussed above, power actors have the power mainly because of their
influence. The forms of power, however, vary from one community to the other.
Community organizers and community development workers’ pay close attention
to power actors and the key people in community power structure because of
their significant roles in social change. Their behavior or reaction can break or
make community development interventions.

THE DIMENSION OF COMMUNITY

Dimensions Description

Technological Is the community capital its tool and skills, and ways
of dealing with the physical environment? It is the
interface between humanity and nature. This
dimension is not the physical tools themselves which
make up the technological dimension of culture, but it
is the learned ideas and behavior which allow humans
to invent, use, and teach others about tools.
Technology is much a cultural dimension as beliefs
and patterns of interactions; It is symbolic. (Bartle,
2010)
Economic It is the community various ways and means of
production and allocation of scarce and useful goods
and services through barter, market trade, state
allocations and others. This dimension is not about
physical items like cash which make up the economic
dimension of culture, but the ideas and behavior
which gives value to cash (and other items) by
humans who have created the economic systems
they use. (Bartle, 2010)

Political The political dimension of community is its various

ways and means of allocating power. Influence and
decision making. It is not the same as ideology, which
belongs to the values dimension. It includes, but is
not limited to, types of government and management
systems. It also includes how people in small bands or
informal groups make decisions when they do not
have a recognized leader. (Bartle, 2010)
Institutional The social or institutional dimension of community is
composed of the ways people acts, interact between
each other, react, and expect each other to act and

17
 interact. It includes such institutions as marriage or
friendship, roles such as mother or police officer,
status or class, and other patterns of human behavior.
This dimension looks at patterns of relationship
sometimes identified as roles and status, and the
formation of groups and institutions that derive from
those patterns.
Aesthetic-Values This is about the structure of ideas, sometimes
paradoxical, inconsistent or contradictory, that people
have about good and bad, about beautiful and ugly,
and about right and wrong, which are the
justifications that people cite to explain their actions.
The three axes are not acquired through our genes,
but through our socialization. That implies that they
can be relearned; that we could change our
judgments. Values, however, are incredibly difficult to
change in a community. They do change, as
community standards evolve, but that change cannot
be rushed or guided through outside influence or
conscious manipulation. Shared community standards
are important in community and personal identity;
who one is very much is a matter of what values one
believes in.
Beliefs-Conceptual This another structure of ideas, also sometimes
contradictory, that people have about the nature of
universe, the world around them, their role in it, and
the nature of time, matter and behavior. This
dimension is sometimes thought to be the religion of
the people. It is wider category, and also includes
atheistic beliefs in how this universe came to be, how
it operates, and what is reality. It is religion – and
more.

It is therefore necessary to study and be aware of

what the prevailing beliefs are in the community. To be
an effective catalyst of social change, actions must not
offend those prevailing beliefs, and which are
consistent with, or at least appropriate to, existing
beliefs and concepts of how the universe works.

Understanding the different dimension of community is a prerequisite to

the process of community mapping and analysis. It is only when you have a full
grasp of the economic, political, social, cultural, ecological and physical
dimensions of the community that you may be able to build the community
puzzle. There is a need to detect the key or combinations of keys or
combinations of key successfully put together the different parts of the puzzle in

18
order to see the whole picture of the community social issues. It is thus
important to develop not just the skills of assessing or analyzing observable data
but the skills of sensing of sensing or intuiting as well because there are things
that the people are not saying and showing. That is the value of the so called
“Paglubog” or community immersion.

REFLECTION QUESTION
What do you mean by this statement: “The three axes are not acquired
through our genes, but through our socialization?

FOUR APPROACHES IN APPLYING THE TERM COMMUNITY

To further distill understanding on community, four approached in applying
the said term have been identified by Delanty (2003) as cited by Clark (2007)
Groups Approaching in Applying the Term Community
First Groups (Sociologist and They are concerned about the social and
Geographers) spatial formation of social organization into
small groups such as neighborhoods, small
towns or others spatially bounded localities.
Second Group (Those Working Applies the term to ideas of belonging and
in Cultural Studies and difference around issues such as identity.
Anthropology)
Third Group (Those Working in Considers community as a form of political
the Social Movement) mobilization inspired by radical democracy
that prompts communities of action to oppose
social injustice
Fourth Group (Those Considers development of a community based
concerned about the on the rise of a global society and draws on
influenced of globalization) processes such as transnational mobility and
the development of Diaspora, and
technological development such as global
communications and internet

The identification of the four approaches indicates that perspective on

communities evolve depending on the realities and requirements of the
environment. Recapping earlier point of views, communities are seen,
traditionally, as spatially bounded and attached to the powers of locality or
place. Yet as Delanty (2003, p.4) claimed:
“Thecosmopolization of community has encouraged reflection of issues
such as proximity and distance and co-presense and absence that are
central to more static concepts of community, for as social contacts
become stretched over great distances, so social relations are being re-
shaped beyond the traditional categories of place.”

This assertion signifies that the term community has evolved and
expanded. It is not just limited to a congregation of people living in a
geographically bounded location but has been extended to social spaces. What

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can be done or accomplished in a geographically bounded location such as
teaching and learning, forging partnerships, developing plans and building
agenda may also be executed in social spaces.

REFLECTION QUESTION
What are the indications of an evolved concepts of community?

What’s
More
“Pagkilatis”

Objective: It aims to determine the student’s ability to recognize community

dimensions.

1. Identify a community that you are familiar with; you may use the same
community in your previous exercises.

2. Try to recall and remember significant events or ordinary happenings that

continue to exist in the community.

3. Identify and describe these occurrences, put a name per occurrence and
determine if this is considered as a community dimension.

4. Draw a diamond with different angles and write in each angle the
dimensions that you have identified in the exercise.

5. Submit your exercise output. You may volunteer to share your findings in
class.

REFLECTION QUESTION

What did you learn from exercise? What were your criteria in determining
community dimensions?

What I have
Learned

The Topic was about __________________________________________

It Matters because ____________________________________________

I’ve Learned today that _______________________________________

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 What I can
do
“Piling Dimensyon ng Komunidad”

Objectives: To determine and deepest the student’s level of understanding on community

dimensions.

Instructions:

1. You will choose one community dimension discussed in this module.

2. Go to chosen poor community and observe that particular dimensions that you
chose in action.

3. Describe the community focusing on the dimension that you chose.

4. Make a slogan out of your description

5. Present the slogan in google classroom.

Guide Questions

1. What is slogan that you have formed?

2. What is the meaning of that slogan? Where did it come from? Why this slogan?

3. What were your realizations about the community while doing the activity?

4. What did you learn from the exercise?

Your slogan will be evaluated based on the following:

4 3 2 1
Quality Remarkably Good Poor Very poor
constructed. construction. construction. construction.
Relevant and Relevant and Not so Irrelevant and
very attractive relevant and not attractive
attractive not so
attractive.
Inventiveness Remarkably A good Some Not creative
inventive and amount of thinking was
creative. A lot thinking was put into the
of thinking put into the presentation
and reflection presentation
were used to

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 make the
presentation
Innovativenes Remarkably Good Some Poor or no
s innovative innovation element of innovation
and original innovation

Assessme
nt
I. IDENTIFICATION. Identify what is being asked in each statement. Write your
answer on the space provided.

_________________ 1. It can be considered like an organism because it can function

even if people come and go.
_________________ 2. It is about the distribution of power at the local community
level.
_________________ 3. It is the capacity to influence the decision-making and
distribution processes, to bring about change and get things done.
_________________ 4. The capacity to create linkages and develop helpful
relationships with powerful individuals, family, and organizations.

_________________ 5. Being able to provide awards, promotion, money and gifts

that are useful to meet individual or organizational goals
__________________ 6. Influence through manipulation.
__________________ 7. Barangay or coastal village.
__________________ 8. Region, state, or nation.
__________________ 9. powerful producers of relationships which include kinship,
friendship, neighbors, local institutions, and communications mechanisms that
connect people to people
__________________ 10. They are concerned about the social and spatial formation
of social organization into small groups such as neighborhoods, small towns or
others spatially bounded localities.

Referenc
es
Books

Melegrito, Ma. Lourdes F., et. al. Community Engagement Solidarity and
Citizenship. Department of Education. Phoenix Publishing House, Inc. 2016

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