Bifurcation of common carotid artery usually occurs on the level of

C3-C4
C1-C2
C5-C6
C6-Th1
C7-Th1

What bones are the parts of the facial skull?

Sphenoid bone
Ethmoid bonne
Maxilla
Frontal bone
All of the above

What type of joint is between C1 and C2

sellaris
ellipsoidea
cylindrica
plana

Find structures of ilium

spina iliaca anterior superior
foramen obturatum
spina ischiadica minor
promotorium

Example of articulatio cylindrica

ulna and radius
shoulder
hip joint
elbow

A resident physician is demonstrating the correct technique for inserting a subclavian central
venous line. He has a medical student palpate the clavicle, then the chest wall below it. The first
bony structure that can be palpated below the inferior margin of the medial portion of the
clavicle is the
Acromion
Atlas
First rib
Manubrium
Second rib

Where is location of trochanter major?

distal part of femur
proximal part of femus
lateral from the olecranon fossa
anterior from the olecranon fossa

This muscles attached to scapula

latissimus dorsi
multifidus
rhomboid major
rectus capitis

What openings can be found in posterior cranial fossa?

Foramen spinosum, foramen jugular
Optic canal, foramen magnum
Foramen rotundum, foramen ovale
Foramen jugular, foramen magnum
Optic canal, foramen ovale

What is the acetabulum?

Upper part of femur
Part of pubis
Part of hip bone
Point where illium, ischium and pubis fused together

Find structures of ischium

ramus inferior
ala
incisura minor
facies auricularis

Where is the subtemporal fossa located?

Above the zygomatic arch
Below the zygomatic arch
Above the temporal fossa
Lateral to the zygomatic arch
Medial to the pterygopalatine fossa

What bone we can find between os cuboideum and os cuneiforme intermedium?

calcaneus
talus
cuneiforme lateral
naviculare

What is the right order of meninges from outside to inside?

Dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
Dura mater, pia mater, arachnoid mater
Pia mater, dura mater, arachnoid mater
Arachnoid mater, dura mater, pia mater
Pia mater, arachnoid mater, dura mater

Find structures of pubis

spina iliaca posterior inferior
ramus superior
acetabulum
linea glutea

Where in the scull the carotid foramen is located in relation to the foramen spi-nosum?
Posterior
Anterior
Lateral
Medial
Inferior

Ribs are attached to sternum directly and by cartilages. How many pairs of ribs attach solely to
the manubrium of the sternum?
1
2
5
0
3

Example of the ginglymus joint

wrist
C1 and C2
shoulder
elbow

This muscles extends and laterally bends vertebral column and head
splenius cervicis
erector spinae
levator scapula
trapezius

Anatomy student sees a vertebra that has 3 foramina. What vertebra is?
All cervical vertebrae, except the seventh
Cervical vertebrae
Thoracic vertebrae
Lumbar vertebrae
All cervical vertebrae, except the first

Which of the following rib classifications are “attached” to the thoracic vertebrae?
True
Both true and false
False
False and oscillating
True and oscillating

What bones are involved in the formation of the lower wall of the orbit?
Palatine bone
Temporal
Frontal
No correct option
All these options

Where is the linea arcuata?

femur
tibia
ilium
fibula

What bones form the middle cranial fossa?

Small wings of the sphenoid bone
Orbital parts of the frontal bones
Perforated lattice plate
The anterior surfaces of the temporal pyramids
No correct option

To what parts of the sternum do the ribs attach?

Body of sternum and xyphoid process
Body of sternum
Mannubrium and body of sternum
Mannubrium
Ribs are attached to all three parts of sternum

After craniocerebral injury and X-ray examination revealed a fracture of skull base. Line break
through spinous and rotundum foramina. Which bone is damaged due to injury?
Occipital bone
Sphenoid bone
Ethmoidal bone
Temporal bone
Frontal bone

Which bone does the mandible connect to?

Hyoideum
Maxilla
The parietal bone
Temporal bone
Vomer

Which one of these features is not a part of sphenoid bone?

Sella turcica
Pterygoid processes
Crista galli
Foramen ovale
Foramen rotundum

Name the bone that lies anterior to the temporal bone.

Occipital
Temporal
Sphenoid
Ethmoidal
Vomer

This muscles attached to superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, spinous process of
C7-T12
trapezius
rotatores
semispinalis
obliqus capitis

A doctor finds a patient bleeding profusely from the neck and correctly surmises that the
bleeding is from the carotid artery. To control the bleeding, the surgeon can compress the carotid
artery against the anterior tubercle of which of the following vertebrae?
Second cervical
Third cervical
Fourth cervical
Fifth cervical
Sixth cervical

Which artery is located in foramina processus transversalia vertebrae cervicales?

A.pharingea ascendens
A.thyroidea inferior
A.vertebralis
A.facialis
A.occipitalis

How many arteries supply blood to the stomach?

2
3
5
4
6

At what vertebral level do the two common iliac veins unite to form the inferior vena cava?
L2
L5
T5
T8

At which vertebral level the inferior mesenteric artery does arise from the abdominal aorta?
L1
L2
L3
L4

The external iliac vein is a continuation of which vein?

The obturator vein
The medical adductor vein
The femoral vein
The popliteal vein

What are the terminal branches of a.thoracica interna?

A.musculophrenica, a.epigastrica superior
A.intercostalis, a.phrenica
A.pericardiacophrenica, a.epigastrica inferior
A.a.mediastinales et pericardiacae
A.intercostalis. a.epigastrica superior

Branches of which artery provide blood supply of the pancreas?

gastroduodenalis, a.lienalis, a.mesenterica superior
A.lienalis, a. suprarenalis superior
Aa. phrenicae inferiors, a. renalis, a.mesenterica superior
A.hepatica communis, a.colica media, a. suprarenalis inferior

Which of the following is not one of the three major branches of the inferior mesenteric artery?
Right colic artery
Left colic artery
Sigmoid artery
Superior rectal artery

Under what structure does the femoral vein pass?

Inguinal ligament
Sartorius
Femoral artery
Ureter

An especially leaky type of capillary found in the liver and certain other tissues is called a
________.
capillary bed
fenestrated capillary
sinusoid capillary
metarteriole

What parietal branches does the thoracic aorta have?

Aa mediastenales, aa. intercostales anteriores
Aa. intercostales posteriores, aa. phrenicae superiores
Aa. phrenicae inferiores, aa. intercostales anteriores
Aa. mediastinales, aa. pericardialis, aa. intercostales posterior
Aa. phrenicae superiores, aa. intercostales anteriores

What are the paried visceral branches of the aorta abdominalis?

Aa. suprarenales superiores, renales, phrenici inferiores
Aa. testiculares (ovaricae), lumbales, mesenterici inferiors
Aa. renales, suprarenales mediae, testiculares (ovaricae)
Aa. suprarenales inferiores, aa. colicae, aa. renales
Aa. suprarenales mediae, iliacae internae, uterinae

What is the main artery supplying the organs of the pelvic cavity?
Median sacral artery
Superior rectal artery
Internal iliac artery
External iliac artery

Which of the following is not a branch of the arch of the aorta?

Coronary arteries
Brachiocephalic trunk
Left common carotid artery
Left subclavian artery

Branches of which vessel supply blood to the liver and stomach?

Truncus coeliacus
A.mesenterica superior
A.linealis
A.gastrica sinistra
A.hepatica sinistra

Choose arteries for blood supply of caecum, colom ascendens.

A.colica media, aa. pancreatoduodenales inferiors
A.iliolica, a.colica dextra
A.iliolica, a.colica sinistra
Aa. interstinales, aa. sigmoideae
A.colica sinistra

Which vein does NOT drain directly into the inferior vena cava?
Left renal vein
Splenic vein
Hepatic vein
Right testicular vein

The coronary arteries are the branches of the:

aortic valve
ascending aorta
aortic arch
thoracic aorta

Which vessel does the left subclavian artery arise from?

Axillary artery
Common carotid artery
Arch of the aorta
Brachiocephalic trunk

What are the visceral branches of the a.thoracica?

Pulmonales, cardiaci, mediastinales
Aa. bronchiales, mediastinales, esophageales, pericardiaci
Aa. bronchiales, intercostales, epigastrici superiores
Aa. phrenici inferiores, intercostales anteriores, cardiac

Which arteries are not parietal branches of the a.iliaca interna?

Aa. lumbales
Aa. sacrales laterals
Aa.iliolumbales
Aa. gluteales superiores et inferiores
A.obturatoriae

At which vertebral level does the abdominal aorta terminate?

T12
L2
L4
S2

What are the parietal branches of the abdominal aorta?

Aa. intercostales, lumbales, phrenicae superiores
Aa. lumbales, phrenicae inferiores
Aa. epigastricae inferiores, phrenicae inferiors, intercostales posteriors
Aa. iliacae externae, aa. lumbales
Aa. phrenicae inferiors, aa. epigastricae superiores

Into which vein do the anterior jugular veins flow?

Internal jugular vein
External jugular vein
Subclavian vein
Inferior vena cava

The internal jugular vein is a continuation of which sinus?

Cavernous sinus
Inferior petrosal sinus
Sigmoid sinus
Transverse sinus
Sagittalis

Which of the following is NOT a branch of the superior mesenteric artery?

Jejunal artery
Ileocolic artery
Right colic artery
Left colic artery

What artery does arise from the abdominal aorta proximal to the coeliac trunk?
Superior mesenteric artery
Renal artery
Inferior phrenic artery
Intercostal artery

The hepatic portal vein delivers blood from the digestive organs to the ________.
liver
hypothalamus
stomach
spleen
left atrium

From which artery does the left common carotid artery arise?
Left subclavian artery
Braciocephalic trunk
Arch of the aorta
Left external carotid artery

What structure does the cephalic vein drain into?

Brachial vein
Dorsal venous network of the hand
Axillary vein
Basilic vein

Which of the following is NOT one of the three major branches of the coeliac trunk?
Left gastric artery
Right gastric artery
Splenic artery
Common hepatic artery

Which of the following is a branch of the external carotid artery?

Superficial temporal
Supraorbital
Supratrochlear
Inferior thyroid
Which structure does the left ovarian vein drain into?
Common iliac vein Inferior vena cava
Inferior vena cava
External iliac vein
Left renal vein

The doctor decided to explore pulse on foot. Which artery is best to do this?
A. tibialis anterior
A. dorsalis pedis
A. tibialis posterior
A. plantaris medialis
A. plantaris lateralis

Inferior mesenteric vein is carrying the blood to:

left gastric vein
ileocolic vein
celiac trunk
lineal vein
superior mesenteric vein

The patient lost a sensation of the palmar side of the middle finger. Which nerve is affected?
musculocutaneous
radial
ulnar
median
medial antebrachial

Which spinal nerves do form brachial plexus?

С1-С8
С1-С5
С1-T1
С5-T1
С1-T2

Small saphenous vein is draining the blood directly to:

femoral vein
popliteal vein
anterior tibial vein
inferior vena cava
deep femoral vein

Rhomboid muscles are innervated by:

supraclavicular nerve
lateral pectoral nerve
suprascapular nerve
ulnar nerve
dorsal scapular nerve

A patient 30 years with a wound of forearm cannot make an extension of fingers. This shows the
damage of:
radial nerve
lateral pectoral nerve
median nerve
ulnar nerve
phrenic nerve

What artery supplies ceacum?

right gastric
marginal colic
ileocolic
lineal
left colic

How many sympathetic paravertebral ganglia can be found in the cervical region?
6
5
3
4
2

Select only cutaneous nerves from the list:

great auricular
median
dorsal scapular
lateral pectoral
musculocutaneous

Superior rectal artery is a continuation of:

left colic artery
right colic artery
superior mesenteric artery
ileocolic artery
inferior mesenteric artery

A man 62-year-old has appealed to proctologist with complaints about the bloody discharges
from the rectum. The inspection showed a presence of the tumor and necessity of operation. By
branches of what arterial vessels is rectum supplied?
a.mesenterica inferior and a.iliaca interna
a.mesenterica superior and a.mesenterica inferior
a.mesenterica inferior and a.iliaca externa
a.mesenterica superior and a.iliaca interna
a.iliaca interna and a.iliaca externa

How many suprarenal arteries are in the body?

3 pairs
none
2 pairs
7
5

Which artery is usually used to measure the heart rate on the upper extremity?
deep brachial
radial
brachial
superficial palmar arch
ulnar

Great saphenous vein is draining the blood directly to:

inferior vena cava
femoral vein
deep femoral vein
anterior tibial vein
popliteal vein

Splenic artery originates from:

celiac trunk
abdominal aorta
inferior mesenteric artery
lineal artery
superior mesenteric artery

Grey communicating branches contain:

preganglionic parasympathetic fibers
postganglionic sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers
postganglionic parasympathetic fibers
postganglionic sympathetic fibers
preganglionic sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers
preganglionic sympathetic fibers

Select the thickest nerve of the body

femoral nerve
sciatic nerve
vagus nerve
ulnar nerve
phrenic nerve

Select the correct number of hepatic veins that carry the blood to the inferior vena cava
2
3
1
4
5

Which of the following is not a superficial vein?

basilic
median cubital
cephalic
brachial
dorsal venous arch

Infrahyoid muscles are innervated by:

suboccipital nerve
ansa cervicalis
suprascapular nerve
lesser occipital nerve
great auricular nerve

White communicating branches contain:

postganglionic sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers
preganglionic sympathetic fibers
preganglionic parasympathetic fibers
postganglionic parasympathetic fibers
preganglionic sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers
postganglionic sympathetic fibers

At a patient, there is a disturbance of skin sensitivity at medial surface of the forearm. What
nerve is damaged?
axillary nerve
radial nerve
medial cutaneous nerve of forearm
ulnar nerve
medial cutaneous nerve of arm

The neurologist found that the patient lost sensitivity of the foot and the lateral surface of the
fifth finger. Which of these nerve innervates this area of the foot?
N. cutaneus surae lateralis
N. fibularis (peroneus) profundus
N. suralis
N. fibularis (peroneus) superficialis
N. saphenus

Internal thoracic artery is divided to:

superior epigastric, musculophrenic
superior epigastric, inferior epigastric
left gastric, musculophrenic
superior epigastric, musculocutaneous
inferior epigastric, musculophrenic

The patient of 62 years old appealed to the doctor complaining of a sharp pain in the skin of the
back of the thigh to the popliteal fossa. Damage of which nerve could cause this?
lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh
femoral nerve
posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
superior gluteal nerve
inferior gluteal nerve

Which spinal nerves do form cervical plexus?

С1-С7
С1-С4
С1-С8
С1-T2
С1-T1

Flexor carpi ulnaris is innervated by:

ulnar nerve
median nerve
medial antebrachial nerve
radial nerve
musculocutaneous nerve

Select which artery from abdominal aorta does not have its pair (i.e. unpaired artery)
renal artery
inferior adrenal artery
testicular artery
ovarian artery
superior mesenteric artery

Biceps brachii is innervated by:

medial antebrachial nerve
radial nerve
musculocutaneous nerve
ulnar nerve
median nerve

Hemiazygos vein is draining the blood directly to:

superior vana cava
hepatic vein
azygos vein
inferior vena cava
brachiocephalic trunk

Cystic artery originates from:

common hepatic artery
lineal artery
left branch of proper hepatic artery
right gastric artery
right branch of proper hepatic artery

What type of neurons are in the spinal ganglion?

motor, pseudounipolar
sensory, multipolar
motor, unipolar
motor, multipolar
sensory, bipolar
sensory, pseudounipolar

External pudendal artery is a branch of:

external iliac artery
internal iliac artery
femoral artery
internal pudendal artery
common iliac artery

Umbilical artery is a branch of:

a.iliaca interna and a.iliaca externa
a. mesenterica inferior
a.mesenterica superior
a.mesenterica superior and a.iliaca interna
a.iliaca interna

Cystic artery supplies:

transverse colon
left kidney
thymus
gallbladder
spleen

After injection into the upper outer quadrant of the gluteal area the pain appeared in a patient
during hip abduction. What nerve is damaged during injection?
Internal obturator
Superior gluteal
Pudendal
Inferior gluteal
Sciatic

Celiac trunk consists of:

left gastric artery, lineal artery, common hepatic artery
splenic artery, lineal artery, common hepatic artery
left gastric artery, right gastric artery, common hepatic artery
left gastric artery, lineal artery, proper hepatic artery
left gastric artery, lineal artery, right hepatic artery
right gastric artery, lineal artery, common hepatic artery

The patient lost a sensation of the palmar side of the little finger. Which nerve is affected?
median nerve
musculocutaneous nerve
radial nerve
ulnar nerve
medial antebrachial nerve

Entrapment of this sensory nerve may give clinical signs of paresthesia (numbness) extending
from the medial aspect of the knee as far as the medial aspect of the foot. What is this nerve?
saphenous
cutaneus surae medialis
tibial
sural
common peroneal nerve

Appendicular artery originates from:

Ileocolic artery
Lineal artery
Renal artery
Sigmoid artery
Superior rectal artery
Digestive system
What structure is not present in Palatum molle:
Tunica mucosa
Aponeurosis palatina
Musculi
Glandulae salivariae
Tonsillae

Palatum molle has all the muscles except:

M. levator veli palatini
M. tensor veli palatine
M. uvulae
M. palatoglossus
M. styloglossus

Find the lingual papillae that are not responsible for taste
Papillae filiformes
Papillae fungiformes
Papillae vallatae
Papillae foliatae

Find the muscles of the tongue that are not originated from the tongue.
M. longitudinalis superior
M. longitudinalis inferior
M. transversus linguae
M. verticalis linguae
M. styloglossus

What is not a part of tongue

Dorsum
Radix
Corpus
Apex
Fundus

Find the salivary gland that opens in sublingual duct

Gl. sublingualis, Gl. submandibularis
Gl. linguales
Gl. labiales
Gl. parotidea

Find the salivary gland that opens into vestibulum oris

Gl. parotidea, Gl. buccales
Gl. sublingualis
Gl. submandibularis
Gl. linguales
What is a formula of the milk teeth?
2/1/0/2
2/0/1/2
1/2/0/2
1/2/2/0

What is a formula of the permanent teeth?

3/2/1/2
2/2/1/3
2/1/2/3
1/3/2/2
3/2/2/1

Dens have the following parts (find wrong answer):

Corona dentis
Radix dentix
Cervix dentix
Corpus dentix, Capitulum dentix

Corona dentis does not have the following surface:

Labialis
Buccalis
Lingualis
Occlusalis (Masticatoria)
Oralis

What is the tissue that you can’t find in tooth

Enamelum
Dentinum
Cementum
Elastin

What teeth do not exist

Dentes incisivi
Dentes canini
Dentes premolaris
Dentes molaris
Dentes incisive major

Find the salivary glands that are not the main (big)
Gl. parotidea
Gl. submandibularis
Gl. sublingualis
Gl. buccales, Gl. linguales

What structures are not the parts of the pharynx?

Pars nasalis
Pars oralis
Pars laryngea
Pars palatina

What is the first layer of the pharynx from basis cranii?

Tunica mucosa
Fascia pharyngobasilaris, Tela submucosa
Tunica muscularis
Tunica adventitia

Where are tonsilla lingualis located?

Fornix pharynges
Palatum molle
Radix linguae
Fossa tonsilaris
Facies inferior linguae

Esophagus does not have the following part:

Cervicalis
Thoracica
Abdominalis
Cranialis

Choose unanatomical constriction of esophagus

Pharyngealis
Bronchialis
Diaphragmalis
Aortalis

Walls of the esophagus have all layers except:

Externus
Muscularis
Mucosa
Endotelialis

There are following parts of stomach except (find wrong name):

Cardialis
Fundus
Corpus
Pyloris
Ampullaris

There are following parts of walls of stomach except (find wrong name):
Serosa
Muscularis
Mucosa
Collagenosa

Name the right plicae (folds) on the curvature ventriculi minor of stomach:
Semilunares
Circulares
Serratus
Reticulares
Longitudinales

Choose a skeletotopy of cardiac part of stomach:

Vertebrae lumbales (T XII –LI)
Vertebrae thoracicae (T XI-TXII)
Vertebrae thoracicae ( T X-XI)
Vertebrae lumbales (L I-II)
Vertebrae lumbales (LII-III)

Find a skeletotopy of pyloric part of stomach:

Vertebrae thoracicae et Vertebrae lumbales (T XII –LI)
Vertebrae lumbales (L I-II)
Vertebrae lumbales (LII-III)
Vertebrae thoracicae (T XI-TXII)
Vertebrae thoracicae (T X-XI)

Small intestine has the following departments except (find the wrong part):
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Caecum

Duodenum has the following departments except (find the wrong part):
Superior
Descendens
Horisontalis
Ascendens
Rectus

What is location of the Gll. duodenales (find correct layer):

Stratum mucosae
Tela submucosae
Stratum muscularis externum
Stratum serosum
Stratum muscularis internum

Find the opening of the accessory pancreatic duct in duodenum:

Papilla duodeni major
Papilla duodeni minor
Plicae circularis
Villi
Plicae semilunaris

Mucosa of the small intestine is made up of the following structures except (find wrong
answer):
Plicae circularis
Villi
Criptae
Papillae
Plicae semilunaris

Find skeletotopy of the flexura duodenojejunalis:

Vertebrae lumbalis I
Vertebrae lumbales II
Vertebrae lumbales III
Vertebrae thoracicae XII
Vertebrae thoracicae XI

Intestinum crassum (large intestine) has the following departments except (find wrong
answer):
Caecum
Colon
Rectum
Colon sigmoideum
Illeum

Colon has the following departments except (find wrong answer):

Colon ascendens
Colon transversus
Colon descendens
Colon sigmoideum
Rectum

Large intestine has the following structures except (find wrong answer)?
Haustra coli
Appendices epiploicae
Taenia coli
Plicae circularis, Criptae
Taenia coli, Haustra coli

Colon has the following taenia except:

Taenia longitudinalis
Taenia mesocolica
Taenia omentalis
Taenia libera

Rectum has the following structures (find correct answer)

Pars pelvina, Canalis analis
Pars sacralis
Pars perinealis
Pars superior et inferior

Rectum has the following folds of mucosal membrane (find correct answer)
Plicae transversales, Columnae anales
Plicae circularis
Plicae semilunares
Plicae circularis, Plicae semilunares
Villi, Criptae

Rectum has the following curves (find correct answer)

Flexsura pelvina
Flexsura sacralis and parinealis
Flexsura superior
Flexsura inferior

Hepar has all lobes except (find wrong answer)

Lobus sinister
Lobus dexter
Lobus quadratus
Lobus caudatus
Lobus superior

Which ligament does not connect liver with diaphragm?

Lig. coranarium
Lig. triangulare
Lig. falciforme
Lig.teres

Ligamentum hepatoduodenale has the following structures except (find wrong answer):
Ductus choledochus
Vena portae
A.Hepatica
A.Gastrica and mesenterica superior

There are following ligaments of hepar except (find wrong answer):

Lig.teres
Lig.triangulare
Lig.falciforme
Lig.coranarium
Lig.quadratus

What duct goes from porta heparis?

Choledochus
Hepaticus communis
Fellea
Cysticus
Pancreaticus

Pancreas has the following parts except (find wrong answer):

Caput
Corpus
Cauda
Lobus quadratus and caudatus

What is the skeletotopy of corpus pancreatis?

LI
L II
L III
T XII
T XI

Vesica fellea has the following parts except (find wrong answer):
Fundus
Corpus
Colum
Caput, Cauda
Fundus, Corpus, Colum

Lien has the following margins except (find wrong answer):

Extremitas posterior
Extremitas anterior
Margo superior
Margo inferior
Margo anterior

What is the tooth that has two roots?

Mandibular molar
Canine
Mandibular molar and Maxillary first premolar
Maxillary incisors
Mandibular incisors

What is the tooth that has one root?

Maxillary molar
Mandibular molar
Canine and most premolar (except maxillary first premolar)
Mandibular molar and Maxillary first premolar
Maxillary incisors

What is the tooth that has three roots?

Mandibular molar
Canine and most premolar (except maxillary first premolar)
Mandibular molar and Maxillary first premolar
Maxillary incisors
Maxillary molars

Where is the opening of the submandibular salivatory gland?

Caruncula sublingualis
Foramen caecum linguae
Plica fimbriata
Vestibulum oris
Recesus gingivalis

There is patient who has trauma of the cheek. What salivatory gland might also be damaged?
Parotid
Sublingual
Submandibular
Submandibular and parotid
Sublingual and parotid

Ductus parotideus passes through?

M. buccinator
M. masseter
M. zygomaticus major
M. zygomaticus minor
M. orbicularis oris

These papillae cover most of the dorsal surface of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue.
Papillae vallatae
Papillae foliаtae
Papillae filiformes
Papillae fungiformes
Papillae conicae

How many teeth should have one year old baby?

8
10
7
12
6

After hard trauma patient has a problem: food is going to nasal cavity when swallowing.
Which muscle is not working properly?
m.levator veli palatini
m.palatopharyngeus
m.stylopharyngeus
m.genioglossus
m.palatoglossus
Find another name of the “dens sapientiae”?
Lateral incisor
Premolar
Molar
Canine
Wisdom tooth

Name the age of baby that has 8 incisors:

10-12 month
6-7 month
7-8 month
12-15 month
16-20 month

Doctor has found a tumor which is 1 cm lower from place where esophagus passes into the
stomach. Find part of the stomach with malignant process?
Cardia ventriculi
Fundus ventriculi
Pylorus ventriculi
Corpus ventriculi
Curvatura major

Tuba auditiva located in _____________

canaliculus tympanicus
canalis musculotubarius
canalis caroticus
canaliculus chordae tympani
canaliculi carotici tympanici

Find department of intestine that has “folliculi lymphatici aggregati“

Ileum
Duodenum
Jejunum
Colon ascendens
Colon descendens

Patient has wound in left lateral part of abdomen. Which department of intestine will be
injured?
Colon descendens
Colon transversus
Colon ascendens
Caecum
Rectum

What is the first department of the large intestine?

Caecum
Colon ascendens
Colon sigmoideum
Rectum
Colon descendens

What if the first department of the duodenum?

Pars superior
Pars descendens
Pars ascendens
Pars inferior
Flexura duodeni inferior

What is the “ductus of gallbladder”?

Ductus choledochus
Ductus hepaticus communis
Ductus cysticus
Ductus hepaticus dexter
Ductus hepaticus sinister

What structure is located in distal department of large intestine?

Rectum
Colon descendens
Colon sigmoideum
Caecum
Colon transversum

When we have inflammation of liver and press on the navel region, we can fill pain.
What ligament helps us to fill this pain?
Ligamentum triangulare dextrum
Ligamentum venosum
Ligamentum teres hepatis
Ligamentum falciforme
Ligamentum coronarium

Patient has an inflammation of duodenal bulb. What department of duodenum does have
the inflammation?
Pars superior
Pars descendens
Pars horizontalis
Pars ascendens
Colon transversus

When a surgeon makes operation on gall bladder, he should find cystic duct. In which
anatomical structure he should find it?
Lig. hepatoduodenale
Lig. hepatorenale.
Lig. gastrocolicum.
Lig. duodenorenale.
Lig. hepatogastricum

18-year old boy arrived in hospital with signs of internal bleeding. He has got a trauma in the
area under the left rib cage. What organ has been damaged?
Lien
Cauda pancreatis
Fundus ventriculi
Flexura coli sinistra
Ren sinistra

The________ is a part of the gastrointestinal system and also the respiratory system.
Larynx
Pharynx
Trachea
Tongue
Oral cavity

The______ is the "flap" like cartilage that is attached to the larynx. It goes up during
breathing to allow the air to enter into the trachea during respiration and it moves down
during the swallowing. Find this structure
Hyoid bone
Epiglottis
Esophagus
Larynx
Pharynx

This is an abdominal organ and gland on the right side of the abdominal cavity and
somewhat near the center of the body that has a role in digestion. It produces bile which
is transported to the gallbladder through the common bile duct and then to the small
intestine. Find this organ.
Pancreas
Liver
Gall bladder
Stomach
Intestine

The stomach secretes digestive enzymes to facilitate the digestive process. Which
substance DOES NOT take a part in digestive process?
pepsin
hydrochloric acid
gastric acid
hyaluronic acid
lipase

Select parts of small intestine in the correct order starting from a stomach:
The duodenum, The tongue, The lien
The duodenum, The jejunum, The ileum
The stomach, The jejunum, The ileum
The duodenum, The omentum, The ileum
The duodenum, The jejunum, The omentum

The ileum absorbs remaining nutrients, some bile acids and vitamins, such as
vitamin___
B6
B12
A
E
I

Find the initial part of large intestine.

rectum
cecum
ileum
duodenum
sigmoid colon

Select the part of large intestine which is going after the cecum.
descending colon
ascending colon
duodenum
rectum
sigmoid colon

Select the part of large intestine which is going after the ascending colon.
descending colon
ascending colon
duodenum
rectum
transverse colon

Select the part of large intestine which is going after the descending colon.
ascending colon
duodenum
ilium
sigmoid colon
transverse colon

Choose the most prominent enzyme of the saliva in the oral cavity.
Amylase
Glycerol and fatty acids
Amino acids and peptides
Sugars
Pepsin
Choose the substance that is used for the digestion of fats.
Duodenal juice
Bile
Amylase
Glycerol and fatty acids
Amino acids and peptides

Name the terminal part of large intestine.

Pancreas
Rectum
Pylorus
Cecum
Epiglottis

Name the disease when gallbladder stones appear

Intestinal obstruction
Cholelithiasis
Cholecystitis
Hepatitis
Cirrhosis

Find a disorder of the large intestine that can lead to abdominal pain, diarrhea and other
gastrointestinal system disorders.
Intestinal obstruction
Cholelithiasis
Cholecystitis
Hepatitis
Irritable bowel syndrome

Find a disorder described by enlarged veins in the lower rectum and/or anus
Intestinal obstruction
Cholelithiasis
Cholecystitis
Hepatitis
Hemorrhoids

What is the name of the stomach cell that secretes hydrochloric acid?
Chrondocyte
Chief cell
Parietal cell
Gastric cell
Glial cell

What macromolecules are digested in the small intestine?

Protein
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Nucleic acids
All of the above

The major movement of food through the gastrointestinal tract is called

Segmentation
Peristalsis
Hostile churning
Chyme propulsion
Swallowing

Which enzymes digest proteins?

Pepsin
Amylase
Trypsin
Pepsin and Trypsin
Lipase, Pepsin and Trypsin

Which components are required for lipid digestion?

Amylase and lipase
Bile and pepsin
Bile and lipase
Pepsin and lipase
Pepsin and trypsin

Which organ secretes the majority of digestive enzymes?

Mouth
Small intestine
Pancreas
Liver
Stomach

In which digestive organ the chyme is produced?

Oral cavity
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Esophagus

Choose a main place of digestive system where water and minerals are absorbed:
Stomach
Large intestine
Small intestine
Mouth
Esophagus

The opening at the end of the digestive tract through which solid wastes are eliminated.
Mucosa
Ductus communis
Ductus choledochus
Anus
Rectum

Choose a name of tiny fingerlike projections in the small intestine.

Chief cell
Parietal cell
Gastric cell
Glial cell
Villi

Which organ does produce bile?

Duodenum
Liver
Pancreas
Gall bladder
Salivary gland
Respiratory system
Which structures do not belong to the upper respiratory pathways?
Cavitas nasi
Pars nasalis pharyngis
Pars oralis pharyngis
Larynx

What parts does external nose have?

Radix, fundus, dorsum, alae
Fundus, radix, alae, collum
Radix, dorsum, alae, apex
Collum, apex, tuberculum, radix
Dorsum, radix, collum, corpus

What cartilages does make up an external nose?

Cartilagines alares minors et major, thyroidea
Cricoidea, cartilage alaris, major, arytenoidea
Cartilago nasi lateralis, cartilagines alares minores et major
Arytenoidea, cartilagines alares minors et major
Thyroidea, cricoidea, cartilage nasi lateralis

Which sinus does not belong to paranasal sinuses?

Maxillaris
Cavernosus
Sphenoidalis
Frontalis
Ethmoidalis

Where is opening for sinus frontalis?

Meatus nasi superior
Meatus nasi medius
Meatus nasi inferior
Vestibulum nasi
Meatus nasopharyngeus

Sinus maxillaris opens in:

Meatus nasi medius
Meatus nasi superior
Meatus nasi inferior
Vestibulum oris
Meatus nasopharyngeus

Larynx continues as:

Oesophagus
Fauseus
Trachea, pars laryngea pharyngis
Choanae
Larynx connects with pharynx with:
Choanae
Fauceus
Aditus laryngea
Rima glottidis
Rima vestibularis

What is the name of laryngeal cavity which borders with pharynx?

Glottis
Vestibulum
Ventriculus
Rima glottidis
Cavitas infraglottica

What is the name of laryngeal cavity which borders with trachea?

Glottis
Vestibulum
Ventriculus
Rima glottidis
Cavitas infraglottica

Find the cartilage of larynx which is not hyaline

Thyroidea
Cricoidea
Epiglottis
Arytenoidea

Which cartilage has “linea oblique”?

Cricoidea
Arytenoidea
Thyroidea
Cuneiformis
Corniculata

What structure is not the part of cavitas laryngis

Glottis
Vestibulum
Cavitas infraglottica
Fauces

Find parts of rima glottidis

Vestibularis
Intermembranacea, Intercartilaginea
Ventricularis
Infraglottica
What parts does tracheae have?
Circularis
Muscularis
Cervicalis,Thoracica
Abdominalis

Where is a bifurcation of the trachea?

I, II
II, III
III, IV
IV, V
V, VI

Which bronchus comes to Hilum pulmonis?

Lobulares
Lobares
Principales
Segmentales
Eparterialis

Which lung has lobus medius?

Right
Left
Both
No one
Sometimes in left, sometimes in right

Which lung has two lobes?

Right
Left
Both
No one
Sometimes left, sometimes right

Find the surface which IS NOT a surface of the lungs

Costalis
Mediastinalis
Cardiaca
Diaphragmatica

Which IS NOT a part of lung

Apex
Collum
Basis
Hilum
Radix
Radix pulmonis is in:
Basis
Apex
Hilum
Margo anterior
Margo inferior

Hilum pulmonis is in:

Basis
Apex
Margo anterior
Facies mediastinalis
Facies costalis

Which lung has incisura cardiaca:

Left
Right
Both
No one
Sometimes in left, sometimes in right

Which lung has lingula:

Left
Right
Both
No one
Sometimes in left, sometimes in right

Which lung has fissura obliqua:

Both
No one
Left
Right
Sometimes in left, sometimes in right

Which lung has fissura horisontalis:

Left
Right
Both
No one
Sometimes left, sometimes right

How many parts does lobus superior pulmo dexter have?

1
2
3
4
5

How many parts does lobus medius pulmo dexter have?

1
2
3
4
5

How many parts does lobus inferior pulmo dexter have?

1
2
3
4
5

How many parts does lobus superior pulmo sinister have?

2
3
4
5
6

How many parts does lobus inferior pulmo sinister have?

1
2
3
4
5

Find those structure that DOES NOT have any relation to air pathways:
Bronchus principalis
Bronchus segmentalis
Bronchiola terminalis
Bronchiola respiratoria
Bronchus lobularis

Find those structure that DOES NOT have any relation to gas exchange:
Ductus alveolaris
Sacculus alveolaris
Bronchiola respiratoria
Bronchiola terminalis

Find those structure that DOES NOT have any relation to alveolar tree:
Bronchiola respiratoria
Bronchiola terminalis
Ductus alveolaris
Sacculus alveolaris

Find those structure which is not a part of acinus pulmoni:

Bronchus lobularis
Bronchiola respiratoria
Ductus alveolaris
Sacculus alveolaris

Find those structure that DOES NOT HAVE any relation to arbor bronchialis:
Bronchi lobares
Bronchi principales
Bronchi lobulares
Bronchioli respiratorii
Bronchioli terminales

Next unit after bronchus lobularis is:

Bronchi segmentales
Bronchi principales
Bronchi subsegmentalis
Bronchioli terminalis
Bronchioli respiratorii

Next unit after bronchi lobares is:

Bronchi segmentales
Bronchi subsegmentalis
Bronchioli terminalis
Bronchi principales
Bronchi lobares

Next unit after bronchus principales is:

Bronchioli lobularis
Bronchioli terminales
Bronchioli respiratorii
Bronchi lobares
Bronchi subsegmentalis

Which bronchus principalis goes over v.azygos?

Right
Left
Both
No one
Sometimes left, sometimes right

Which bronchus principalis goes over aorta?

Right
Left
Both
No one
Sometimes left, sometimes right

Which bronchus principalis crosses esophagus?

Right
Left
Both
No one
Sometimes in left, sometimes in right

Which from below IS NOT SITUATED in the mediastinum posterior?

Pars thoracica aortae et ductus thoracicus
Cor et pericardium
Thruncus sympathicus, v.azygos, v. hemiazygos
Esophagus et nervi vagi
N. splanchnici major et minor

Oxygen from the air enters the blood stream in ___________

cardiac notch
pulmonary vein
alveoli
paranasal sinuses

What divides the left and right side of the nasal cavity?
Septum
Conchae
Pharynx
Sinus

What is the name of the tiny air sacs in the lungs?

The name of the tiny air sacs in the lungs is called Bronchioles.
The name of the tiny air sacs in the lungs is called Ravioli.
The name of the tiny air sacs in the lungs is called Alveoli.
The name of the tiny air sacs in the lungs is called Bronx.

The tiny processes over epithelial cells that move mucus and dirt out of lungs are ___.
Lung hairs
Stubble
Bronchioles
Cilia

What important detergent lines the alveoli in the lungs and keeps the alveoli expanded?
Surfactant
None of the other answers
Plasma
Mucous
Which paranasal sinus is located above the nasal cavity?
ethmoidal
maxillary
frontal
Sphenoid

Which muscle divides the thoracic cavity and the abdominal cavity?
diaphragm
mediastinum
lumen
thorax

What is the shape of the tracheal cartilaginous rings?

c-shaped
oblong
circular
square

The nose and pharynx make up the:

upper respiratory tract
lower respiratory tract
nasopharynx
nasal septum

Nostrils are also known as:

nasal cavity
nares
hilum
glottis

The region of the pharynx that extends from the soft palate to the epiglottis is:
lumen
oropharynx
parenchyma
trachea

This is the double-layered membrane that encloses the lungs and lines the thoracic
cavity:
mucosa
pleura
peritoneum
diaphragm

The outer layer of the tracheal wall is called the:

adventitia
cilia
submucosa
serosa

A cavity within the thorax that contains the trachea and other structures including the
heart is called:
pleural cavity
thorax
mediastinum
Peritoneal cavity

The inner membrane of the pleural sac which adheres to the outer surface of the lung is
called:
parenchyma
parietal pleura
surfactant
visceral pleura

What is the largest sinus among paranasal sinuses?

sphenoid sinuses
maxillary sinuses
frontal sinuses
ethmoidal sinuses
cavernous sinuses

A bony partition located between the nasal cavities:

vestibule
septum
paranasal sinuses
nares

The rounded tip of each lung is called the:

septum
pleura
apex
hilus
Urinary system
Where are ren (kidneys) located?
from ThX to LII
from ThXI to LIII
from ThXI to LII
from ThXII to LIII
from ThX to LI

What muscles usually surround kidneys?

M. obliquus internus abdominis et m. psoas minor
M. psoas minor et major, m. obliquus internus abdominis
M. psoas major et m. obliquus internus abdominis
M. quadratus lumborum et m. psoas major
M. obliquus externus abdominis et m. obliquus internus abdominis

What is the syntopy of the left kidney?

Pancreas
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ascending colon
Liver

What is the syntopy of the left kidney?

Spleen
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ascending colon
Liver

What is the syntopy of the left kidney?

Duodenum
Jejunum
Ascending colon
Descending colon
Liver

What is the syntopy of the left kidney (Ren sinister)?

Duodenum
Left suprarenal gland
Jejunum
Ascending colon
Liver

What is the syntopy of the right kidney (Ren dexter)?

Pancreas
The small intestine
Stomach
Descending colon
Liver

What is the syntopy of the right kidney (Ren dexter)?

Pancreas
Duodenum
The small intestine
Stomach
Descending colon

What is the syntopy of the right kidney (Ren dexter)?

Pancreas
The small intestine
Ascending colon
Stomach
Descending colon

What is the syntopy of the right kidney (Ren dexter)?

Pancreas
The small intestine
Jejunum
Stomach
Descending colon

What is the syntopy of the right kidney (Ren dexter)?

Spleen
Pancreas
Left suprarenal gland
Right suprarenal gland
Descending colon

Choose posterior relations of the kidneys

Liver, the 2nd part of the duodenum, the ascending colon
Stomach, pancreas and its vessels, spleen, the descending colon
Diaphragm, m.quadratus lumborum, m.psoas, m.transversus abdominis, three nerves
(subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal)
Suprarenal glands, m.quadratus lumborum, m.psoas, m.transversus abdominis, three
nerves (subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal)
Subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal nerves, suprarenal glands

Choose posterior relations of the kidneys.

M.serratus posterior superior, m.serratus posterior inferior
M.latissimus dorsi, m.rhomboid major, m.rhomboid minor
M.iliocostalis, m.longissimus, m.spinalis
M.quadratus lumborum, m.psoas, m.iliocostalis, m.spinalis
M.quadratus lumborum, m.psoas, m.transversus abdominis
Choose anterior relations of the right kidney.
Liver, duodenum, the ascending colon
Stomach, pancreas and its vessels, spleen, the descending colon
Diaphragm, m.quadratus lumborum, m.psoas, m.transversus abdominis, three nerves
(subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal)
Suprarenal glands, m.quadratus lumborum, m.psoas, m.transversus abdominis, three
nerves (subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal)
Subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal nerves, suprarenal glands

Choose anterior relations of the left kidney.

Liver, duodenum, the ascending colon
Stomach, pancreas and its vessels, spleen, the descending colon
Diaphragm, m.quadratus lumborum, m.psoas, m.transversus abdominis, three nerves
(subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal)
Suprarenal glands, m.quadratus lumborum, m.psoas, m.transversus abdominis, three
nerves (subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal)
Subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal nerves, suprarenal glands

Why the right kidney is situated slightly lower than the left kidney?
Displaced by the pancreas
Displaced by the small intestine
Displaced by the liver
Displaced by the right lung

What separates the right kidney from the liver?

The Gerota's fascia
The hepatorenal recess
The prerenal fascia
The posterior retro-renal fascia
Pararenal fat

What does NOT the cover kidneys?

Capsula fibrosa
Capsula adiposa
Lamina retrorenalis fasciae renalis
Adventitia
Lamina prerenalis fasciae renalis

How many capsules kidney has?

One (the fibrous renal capsule)
Two (the fibrous renal capsule and renal fascia)
Three (the fibrous renal capsule, perinephric fat, renal fascia)
Three (the fibrous renal capsule, renal fascia, transversalis fascia)
Four (the fibrous renal capsule, perinephric fat, renal fascia, transversalis fascia)

What does NOT belong to the capsules of kidneys?

Fibrous renal capsule
Perinephric fat
Perirenal fat
Renal fascia
Transversalis fascia

What facies does ren have?

Anterior, posterior
Medialis, lateralis
Superior, inferior
Dexter, sinister
Anterior, superior

Which of the following structures encloses kidneys and suprarenal glands?

Renal capsule
Perirenal fat
Renal fascia
Pararenal fat
Transversalis fascia

What are the extremitas of kidneys?

Anterior et posterior
Superior et inferior
Medialis et lateralis
Superficialis et profundus
Externus et internus

What is position of kidneys relatively to the peritoneum?

Ren dexter is extraperitonealis, ren sinister is mesoperitonealis
Ren sinister is extraperitonealis, ren dexter is mesoperitonealis
Ren dexter et sinister are extraperitonealis
Ren dexter et sinister are mesoperitonealis
Ren dexter is intraperitonealis, ren sinister is mesoperitonealis

The renal vessels and ureter enter and exit the kidney via the ______________
Minor calyx
Major calyx
Renal cortex
Renal pelvis
Renal hilum

Where is the hilum located in the kidney?

Posteriorly
Anteriorly
Medially
Superiorly
Inferiorly
What structures are going through the hilum?
The renal vein, renal artery, lymphatic vessels, nerves, pelvis of the ureter
The renal artery, the pelvis of the ureter, nerves
The renal vein, renal artery, lymphatic vessels, nerves, major calyces
The pelvis of the ureter, major calyces, the minor calyces
The major calyces and the minor calyces

How many calyces minores does ren (kidney) have?

1 or 2
from 10 to 15
from 3 to 5
from 8 to 9
from 20 to 30

Choose the structure in which papilla of each pyramid empties urine.

major calyce
minor calyx
renal pelvis
ureter
hilum

The renal artery derives directly from the ________

Thoracic aorta
Abdominal aorta
Inferior mesenteric artery
Internal iliac artery
Comon iliac artery

How many segmental arteries are in the right kidney?

2
5
3
7
6

What is the name of arteries passing through the renal column?

Interlobar
Segmental
Interlobular
Arcuate
Renal

What is the normal position of the left kidney relatively to the 12th rib?
12 rib crosses a kidney in the middle
12 rib is projected on the superior pole
12 rib crosses a kidney in the superior third
12 rib crosses a kidney in the inferior third
12 rib is project on the inferior pole

What is the normal position of the right kidney relatively to the 12th rib?
12 rib crosses a kidney in the superior third
12 rib crosses a kidney in the inferior third
12 rib crosses a kidney in the middle
12 rib is projected on the superior pole
12 rib is project on the inferior pole

What is a level is the left kidney relatively to the vertebrae?

From the middle of 11 thoracic to the superior edge of 3 lumbar vertebras
From inferior edge of 12 thoracic to the superior edge of 2 lumbar vertebras
From inferior edge of 11 thoracic to the middle of 4 lumbar vertebras
From the middle of 12 thoracic to the superior edge of 4 lumbar vertebras
From inferior edge of 12 thoracic to the middle of 5 lumbar vertebras

What is a level is the right kidney relatively to the vertebrae?

From inferior edge of 11 thoracic to the middle of 3 lumbar vertebras
From inferior edge of 12 thoracic to the middle of 4 lumbar vertebras
From inferior edge of 11 thoracic to the superior edge of 1 lumbar vertebra
From inferior edge of 12 thoracic to the superior edge of 2 lumbar vertebras
From the middle of 11 thoracic to the superior edge of 3 lumbar vertebras

The inner third of the cortex and the medulla are supplied by long, straight arteries
called _____
interlobar arteries
arcuate arteries
afferent arterioles
peritubular network
vasa recta

What are the parts of the lobula corticalis renalis?

Pyramides et corpusculum renalis
Pars radiata et convoluta
Cortex renalis et pyramides
Pars convolute et pyramides
Pars radiata et pyramides

Where is predominantly renal bodies are placed?

Pyramides
Pars radiata
Pars convoluta
Sinus renalis
Calyces renales minores

What are the parts of the corpusculum renis (renal body)?

Glomerulus et capsula glomerularis
Glomerulus, tubulus contortus proximalis
Tubulus contortus proximalis et ansa nephroni
Ansa nephroni et capsula glomerularis
Vas afferens et vas efferens et capsula glomerularis

Choose the structure from which the renal tubules extends.

Bowman's capsule
Renal corpuscle
Nephron
Glomerulus
Papilla

Where is the juxtaglomerular apparatus located?

In the nephron
Between afferent arterioles and efferent arterioles and proximal convoluted tubule
Between afferent arterioles and efferent arterioles and distal convoluted tubule
Near the loop of Henle
Proximal convoluted tubule

What is NOT the component of the renal tubule?

Proximal convoluted tubule
Loop of Henle
Distal convoluted tubule
Collecting tubule
Glomerulus

What component of the juxtaglomerular apparatus does produce renin?

macula densa cells
juxtaglomerular cells
extraglomerular mesangial cells
podocytes
endothelial cells

What is the anatomical border between the abdominal and pelvic parts of right ureter?
Linea terminalis
Linea semilunaris
Linea arcuata
Linea transversa
Linea inguinalis

A urolithiasis was complicated with the exit of a stone from the kidney. At what level of
ureter it can stop most probably?
On the border between abdominal and pelvic parts
2 cm superiorly to the inflow into a urinary bladder
In a renal pelvis
In middle abdominal part
5 cm superiorly to pelvic part
Behind what structure is the initial part of the right ureter situated?
Pars descendens duodeni
Colon ascendens
Flexura coli dextra
Pars superior duodeni
Pars horizontalis duodeni

What prevents vesicoureteral reflux?

Ureteropelvic junction
Ureterovesical junction
Psoas major muscle
Ureterovesical valve
Smooth muscle fibers of the ureteric walls

Where ureter does NOT have narrow part?

At the transient from pelvis to the ureter
In the pars abdominalis
Pars abdominalis et pars pelvina
Pars pelvina
Pars intramuralis

What are the parts of the ureter?

Renalis, abdominalis, pelvina
Vesicalis, supravesicalis, abdominalis
Renalis, pelvina
Abdominalis, pelvina, intramuralis
Abdominalis, renalis

What are the layers of the walls of the ureter?

Mucosa, muscular coat (two muscles layers)
Mucosa (lamina propria and transient epithelium), muscular coat
Mucosa (transient epithelium), muscular coat, adventitia (fibrous connective tissue)
Mucosa (transient epithelium), two muscles layers, adventitia (fibrous connective
tissue)
Mucosa (lamina propria and transient epithelium), two muscles layers, adventitia
(fibrous connective tissue)

Which of the following describes the ureteropelvic junction?

The point at which the renal pelvis narrows
The point at which the renal pelvis wide
A funnel like structure within the hilum of the kidney
A triangular area in the fundus of the bladder
Collects urine from the renal pyramids

What is located at the entrance of the ureter to the bladder?

psoas major muscle
ureterovesical valve
detrusor muscle
ureteropelvic junction
pelvic brim

What openings are located in the trigonum vesicae?

Ostium ureteres et ostium urethrae externum
Ostium ureteres et ostium urethrae internum
Ostium ureteres et ductus deferens
Ostium ureteres internum et ductus deferens
Ostium ureters, ostium urethrae internum

What are the parts of the vesica urinaria?

Corpus, fundus, caput
Corpus, fundus, cervix, caput
Corpus, fundus, cervix, apex
Corpus, fundus, cervix, basis
Apex, fundus, corpus, basis

What is the correct position of the filled vesica urinaria relatively to the peritoneum?
Extraperitonealis
Retroperitonealis
Intraperitonealis
In cavitas peritonei
Mesoperitonealis

What are the coverings of the vesica urinaria in the trigonum vesicae area?
Tunica mucosa, tela submucosa, adventitia, tunica serosa
Tunica mucosa, muscularis, tela submucosa, adventitia, tunica serosa
Muscularis, adventitia, tunica mucosa, tela submucosa
Tunica mucosa, muscularis, adventitia
Tunica mucosa, muscularis, tunica serosa

How many constrictors does urethra masculina have?

One (1)
Three (3)
Four (4)
Two (2)
Anyone

Where is plica interureterica located?

Apex vesicae urinariae
Paries anterior vesicae urinariae
Paris posterior vesicae urinariae
Cervix vesicae urinariae
Trigonum vesicae
What is the peritoneal invagination in the vesica urinaria area formed?
Excavation recto-vesicalis
Excavation vesico-renal
Excavation recto-uterina
Excavation sigmoideo-vesicalis
Excavation vesico-pubica

What of the following correctly describes the apex of the bladder?

The main part of the bladder
Located superiorly, pointing towards the pubic symphysis
Located inferiorly, pointing towards the pubic symphysis
Joins the bladder to the urethra
Located posteriorly, it is triangular in shape

Which muscle relaxes in the urinary bladder during the storage phase of urine?
Detrusor
Internal urethral sphincter
External urethral sphincter
Levator ani
Transvers abdominis

What is the length of the male urethra?

4cm
10cm
20cm
35cm
50cm

What is the anterior anatomical border of the perineum?

Tip of the coccyx
Pubic symphysis
Mons pubis
Pubic tubercle
Infrapubic angle

Which surface represents the posterior border of the perineum?

Mons pubis
Dimples of Venus
Superior end of the intergluteal cleft
Medial aspect the thigh
Located posteriorly, it is triangular in shape

Which of the following is NOT located within the anal triangle?

Anal aperture
Ischioanal fossae
External anal sphincter
Bartholin’s glands
Infrapubic angle

Which of the following describes the urogenital hiatus?

A centrally positioned gap which allows passage of the anal canal
An anterior gap which allows passage of the urethra
A funnel shaped muscular structure that attaches to the walls of the lesser pelvis
A fibrous node that joins the pelvic floor to the perineum
Located posteriorly, it is triangular in shape

Which of the following is not a function of the pelvic floor?

Support of abdominopelvic viscera
Resistance to increase in intra-pelvic pressure
Facilitate passage of vessels and nerves
Urinary and fecal continence

In the cystoscope field, flat mucosa has no folds. Which part of the bladder is in the
field?
top
cystic triangle
body
neck
bottom

Which part of the nephron was damaged if the urine analysis showed the presence of
blood?
Renal corpuscle
Proximal straight tubule
Distal convoluted tubule
Proximal convoluted tubule
Distal straight tubule

On cystoscopy under normal conditions, bladder mucosa forms folds except one
triangular area where the mucosa is smooth. Where is the triangular area situated?
Bladder neck
Top bladder
Body of the bladder
Isthmus of the bladder
Bottom of the bladder
Name the extension of the peritoneal cavity between the rectum and the posterior wall
of the uterus
Mesosalpinx or excavatio vesicouterina
Mesometrium, excavatio vesicouterina or excavatio rectouterine
Mesovarium, excavatio rectouterine or fossa douglas
Cavum douglassi or fossa douglas
Cavum douglassi or excavatio vesicouterina

Name the deepest point of the female peritoneal cavity

Excavatio rectouterine
Excavatio vesicouterine
Ligamentum latum uteri
Mesosalpinx
Mesometrium

Choose the attachment of the ligamentum latum uteri.

From the uterus to the inguinal canal
From the uterus to the tuba uterina
From the uterus to the pelvic wall
From the salpinx to the pelvic wall
From the ovary to the pelvic wall

Name the point where the fallopian tube meets the peritoneal cavity.
Infundibulum
Fimbriae
Ampullary
Isthmus
Ostium

What is the origination of the serosa of the fallopian tube?

Lamina propria
Peritoneum
Simple columnar epithelium
Subserosa
Mucosa

What is the largest portion of the broad ligament?

Mesometrium
Mesosalpinx
Mesovarium
Round ligament of uterus
Ovarian ligament

What is the parametrium?

Ligament of the uterus
The fibrous and fatty connective tissue that surrounds the uterus
The fatty connective tissue that surrounds the uterus
The fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the uterus
One of the layers of the broad ligaments

What is the name of the outermost layer of the uterus?

Parametrium
Perimetrium
Mesometrium
Mesosalpinx
Mesovarium

Where does the round ligament exit the pelvis?

at the uterine horns
in the parametrium
in the perametrium
via the excavatio vesicouterina
via the deep inguinal ring

Where does the round ligament originate?

at the uterine horns
in the parametrium
in the perametrium
via the excavatio vesicouterina
via the deep inguinal ring

What ligament maintains the anteversion of the uterus (a position where the fundus of
the uterus is turned forward at the junction of cervix and vagina) during pregnancy?
cardinal ligament
round ligament
broad ligament
suspensory ligament the ovary
uterosacral ligament

What is the name of the fold of peritoneum that extends out from the ovary to the wall
of the pelvis?
Round ligament of uterus
Mesentery of the fallopian tube
Suspensory ligament of the ovary, also infundibulopelvic ligament
Cardinal ligament, also infundibulopelvic ligament
Broad ligament

What is the primary female sexual organ?

Uterus
Ovary
Cervix
Vagina
Fallopian tube
Ovarium has extremitas: ______
Lateralis et medialis
Libera et mesoovarica
Anterior et posterior
Superior et inferior
Uterina et tubaria

Where are folliculi ovarici located?

Medulla ovarii
Cortex ovarii
Hilum ovarii
Mesoovarium

In the ovarium progesterone is produced by the ____________

Corpus albicans
Corpus luteum
Medulla ovarii
Folliculi ovarici primarii
Tunica albuginea

Tuba uterine has ______________

Ostium abdominale et ostium uterinum
Ostium externum et ostium internum
Ostium internum et ostium ovaricum
Ostium ovaricum
Ostium externum

What is the most medial part of the fallopian tubes?

Fimbriae
Ampulla
Isthmus
Infundibulim
Corpus

Finger-like, ciliated projections which capture the ovum from the surface of the ovary
are ________
Apex
Fimbriae
Infundibulum
Ampulla
Isthmus

It is the widest section of the uterine tubes. Fertilization usually occurs here. What is it?
Apex
Fimbriae
Infundibulum
Ampulla
Isthmus

What is the narrow section of the uterine tubes connected to the ampulla and to the
uterine cavity?
Apex
Fimbriae
Infundibulum
Ampulla
Isthmus

What layer is absent in the tuba uterina?

Tela subserosa
Tela submucosa
Stratum longitudinale internum
Stratum longitudinale externum
Stratum obliquum

Tuba uterina is fixed by the mesoovarium of the _______________

Fascia pelvina
Ligamentum teres uteri
Cervix uteri
Ligamentum latum uteri

What are the parts of uterus?

Fundus, corpus, cauda
Fundus, corpus, cervix, isthmus
Corpus, cervix, isthmus, basis
Corpus, cervix, cauda
Corpus, fundus, cervix, cauda

What are the parts of the tuba uterina?

Isthmus, pars uterine, pars ovarica, ampulla
Uterina, ovarica, ampulla, isthmus
Uterina, isthmus, cervix, infundibulum
Uterina, isthmus, ampulla, infundibulum
Infundibulum, uterina, ampulla, cervix

What are the parts of the cervix uteri?

Uterina, vaginalis
Uterina, supravaginalis
Supravaginalis, vaginalis
Supravaginalis, anterior
Supravaginalis, posterior

What are the facies of the Ovarium?

Libera, mesoovaricum
Tubaria, uterina
Libera, uterina
Anterior, posterior
Medialis, lateralis

What are the coverings of the uterine walls?

Mucosa, muscularis, serosa
Adventitia, muscularis, mucosa
Serosa, submucosa, muscularis
Muscularis, mucosa, adventitia
Muscularis, mucosa, submucosa

What is the ligament that extends from the ovary to the fundus of the uterus?
Ligamentum latum
Ligamentum proprium
Ligamentum suspensorium
Ligamentum teres

What is the fold of peritoneum that extends from the mesovarium to the pelvic wall and
contains neurovascular structures?
Ligamentum teres
Ligamentum ovary
Ligamentum suspensorium
Ligamentum proprium
Ligamentum latum

Which of the following correctly describes the medulla of the ovary?

A layer formed by simple cuboidal epithelium
Formed of supporting stroma and a rich neurovascular network
An oocyte surrounded by a single layer of follicular cells
Supports thousands of follicles

Which of the following describes polycystic ovaries?

Hormone dysfunction and multiple ovarian cysts, associated with infertility
Fluid filled masses that can develop in the ovary
A usually benign tumor formed from germ cells
A cancer derived from the ovarian epithelium
Inflammation of the ovary

Which ligament extends from the ovary to the fundus of the uterus?
Suspensory ligament of ovary
Round ligament
Uterosacral ligament
Ovarian ligament

What is the uterine position accordingly to the peritoneum?

Extraperitoneally
Cover by embryonic epithelium
Without peritoneal covering
Mesoperitoneally
Intraperitoneally

What limits ostium uteri?

Labium anterius et posterius
Fornix vaginae
Clitoris
Lbium minus pudenda
Plicae palmatae

What part of the uterus does have plicae (folds)?

Facies vesicalis corpus
Facies intestinalis
Cervix uteri
Fundus uteri
Corpus et cervix

Which of the following structures is located laterally to the uterus?

Uterine tubes
Vagina
Rectum
Bladder
Ureters

Which of the following structures is found anteriorly to the vagina?

Rectum
Ureter
Urinary bladder
Uterine artery
Fallopian tubes

Where do Bartolini glands open to?

vagina
parametrium
perimetrium
mons pubis
vestibule

What does separate the lobes of the mammary gland?

Suspensory ligament
Adipose tissue
Areola
Lactiferous sinus
Pectoral fascia

Choose the muscles under the breasts.

Rectus abdominus, serratus anterior
Pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, trapezius
Pectoralis major, rectus abdominus, abdominal oblique
Pectoralis major, serratus anterior, abdominal oblique
Pectoralis minor, serratus anterior, abdominal oblique

What are the primary male sexual organs?

Testis
Testis and Epididymis
Testis, Epididymis, Prostate
Testis, Epididymis, Prostate, Seminal gland
Prostate and Seminal gland

What is the inner layer of the testis tunica?

Tunica vasculosa
Tunica albuginea
Tunica vaginalis: the visceral layer
Tunica vaginalis: the parietal layer
Epididymis

Choose the correct sequence of anatomical structures which leads spermatic cells out of
testis.
seminiferous tubule, rete testes, efferent ductules, straight tubule, lobules of epididymis,
ductus deferens
seminiferous tubule, straight tubule, rete testes, lobules of epididymis, efferent ductules,
ductus deferens
seminiferous tubule, straight tubule, rete testes, efferent ductules, lobules of epididymis,
ductus deferens
seminiferous tubule, straight tubule, rete testes, lobules of epididymis, ductus deferens

Testis has surfaces (facies):

Anterior, posterior
Superior, inferior
Medial, lateral
Cranial, caudal
Ventral, dorsal

Testicle (testis) has extremities

Anterior, posterior
Superior, inferior
Medial, lateral
Ventral, dorsal

Testicle (testis) has borders (margo)

Anterior, posterior
Superior, inferior,
Medial, lateral
Cranial, caudal

Extends of tunica albuginea in parenchyma of testis are

Tubuli seminiferi recti
Tubuli seminiferi contorti
Mediastinum, septae

Parenchyma of testis consists of:

Lobules
Lobes
Rete
Mediastinum

Where are interstitial cells (of Leydig) located?

Into mediastinum
Between the seminiferous tubules
Into rete testis
In ductuli efferentes
In ductus deferens

Where does straight seminiferous tubule opened?

Between the seminiferous tubules
In ductuli efferentes
In ductus deferens
Into rete testis in the mediastinum.

What does carry the sperm from the testis to the head of the epididymis?
Tubuli seminiferi contorti
Tubuli seminiferi recti
Rete testis
Ductuli efferentes testis

Where is epididymis?
Anterior margin of the testis
Medial surface of the testis
Lateral surface of the testis
Posterior margin of the testis

What does epididymis consist of:

Body, neck, head
Head, body, tail
Body, glans, tail
Body, neck, head, tail

The tail of epididymis is continuous with the:

Spermatic cord
ductus ejaculatorius
ductus excretorius
ductus epididymis
ductus deferens

Ductus deferens conveys sperm cells from the epididymis to the___

Spermatic cord
ductus ejaculatorius
ductus excretorius
ductus epididymis
ductus deferens

Portions of the ductus deferens are:

funicularis, inguinalis, pelvina
testicularis, funicularis, inguinalis, pelvina
testicularis, funicularis, inguinalis, abdominalis
vaginalis, funicularis, inguinalis, abdominalis

The distal part of vas deferens is:

tail of vas deferens
ampulla of vas deferens
head of vas deferens
body of vas deferens

The wall of the ductus deferens is composed of layers:

tunica mucosa, muscularis, serosa
tunica mucosa, muscularis, adventitia
tunica albuginea, muscularis, adventitia

What does spermatic cord (funiculus spermaticus) consist of?

ductus deferens, vessels, nerves, cremaster muscle
ductus epididymis, vessels, nerves, cremaster muscle
ductus efferens, vessels, nerves, cremaster muscle
ductus ejaculatorius, vessels, nerves, cremaster muscle

Where does spermatic cord (funiculus spermaticus) is situated?

Between the anterior margin of the testis and the deep inguinal ring
Between the posterior margin of the testis and the superficial inguinal ring
Between the posterior margin of the testis and the deep inguinal ring

How many lobes the prostate gland has?

1
2
3
4
7

Where does the prostatic duct open?

Into the ductus excretory
Into the urethra
Into the ductus ejaculatory
Into the ductus deferens
Into the ductus efferent

Where does the bulbourethral duct open?

Into the ductus excretory
Into the urethra
Into the ductus ejaculatory
Into the ductus deferens
Into the ductus efferent

Ejaculatory duct is formed by union of:

vas deferens and efferent duct
vas deferens and excretory duct
vas deferens and ductus epididymis

What are the main parts of the penis?

two corpora spongiosa and the corpus cavernosus, urethra
two corpora cavernosa and the corpus spongiosum, urethra
two corpora cavernosa and the corpus spongiosum

What is NOT the portion of the penis?

radix
corpus
cervix
glans

Where are the testes originally located during embryonic development?

Posterior abdominal wall
Anterior abdominal wall
Inguinal canal
Scrotum
Inguinal canal or Scrotum

Funiculus spermaticus has all these coverings except

Tunica vaginalis testis
Tunica dartos
Fascia spermatica interna
Fascia spermatica externa
Fascia cremasterica

The testicles are surrounded by...?

Epididymis
Scrotum
Ductus deferens
Collecting tubules

Which type of tissue supports seminiferous tubules?

epithelial tissue
nerve tissue
interstitial tissue
connective tissue

The spermatic cord consists of all the following except ______________

Arteries and veins for testes
Skene gland
Cremaster muscle
Pampiniform venous plexus

Where is a sinus of epididymis situated?

Between testicle and head of epididymis
Between testicle and neck of epididymis
Between testicle and tail of epididymis
Between testicle and body of epididymis
Inside testicle

What ligament arises from the pubic symphysis in males?

Fungiform ligament
Broad ligament
Suspensory ligament
Ejaculatory ligament
Perineum ligament

Which of the following is not a portion of excretory genital duct?

Ductus ejaculatorius
Vas deferens
Deferent duct
Tubuli recti
Ductus epididymis

Which one moves sperm from epididymis to the ejaculatory duct?

Ductus deferens
Ductus efferens
Urethra
Prostate
None of above

Which one produces a nutrient secretion for spermatic cells?

seminal vesicles
ductus efferens
vas deferens
bladder
epididymis

Which one is correct about the seminal vesicles?

they are parenchymatic organs
located anteriorly to the bladder
located in the scrotum
located at the terminal part of ejaculatory ducts
located at terminal part of vas deferens

The erectile tissue of the penis is ____________________

corpora cavernosa
corpus callosum
corpus spongiosum
tunica vaginalis interna
tunica vasculosa

The layers around the testis from superficial to deep are _______________
skin, dartos fascia, external spermatic fascia, cremaster muscle, internal spermatic
fascia, tunica vaginalis, tunica albuginea
skin, cremaster muscle, superficial fascia, dartos fascia, tunica vaginalis, tunica
albuginea
skin, superficial fascia, dartos muscle, cremaster muscle, tunica vaginalis, tunica
albuginea
skin, dartos muscle, superficial fascia, cremaster muscle, tunica albuginea, tunica
vaginalis

In male, the urethra passes through in ___________________

corpus spongiosum
corpus cavernosum
corpus callosum
tunica vaginalis externa

Which muscle cause wrinkling the skin of scrotum?

cremaster
dartos
bulbospongiosus
levator ani

Which muscle is responsible to move the testis to regulate the temperature?

dartos
ischiocavernosus
cremaster
levator ani

Which layer is not part of the uterus wall?

endometrium
parametrium
myometrium
perimetrium

All the following about uterine tube is correct except _______________

The uterine tube is a pair organ.
Uterine tube is situated in area of inferior margin of ligamentum latum uteri
Length of each tube is 8-18 cm
Uterine tube consists of 4 parts

Choose the correct sequence (from distal end to uterus):

fimbriae, infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus
infundibulum, fimbriae, ampulla, isthmus
isthmus, ampulla, fimbriae, infundibulum
ampulla, infundibulum, infundibulum, isthmus
infundibulum, isthmus, ampulla, fimbriae

Which part of uterine tube is a place for fertilization?

Ampulla
Infundibulum
Isthmus
Infundibulum or isthmus
Fimbriae

The broad ligaments attached the uterus to the ___________ pelvic wall(s).
Lateral
Superior
Superior and inferior
Posterior
Medial

Which ligament contains vessels and nerves and attaches to uterus and inguinal canal?
Round ligament of uterus
Suspensory ligament
Uterosacral ligament
Cardinal ligament

Which ligament attached to vagina and cervical part of uterus?

Cardinal ligament
Suspensory ligament
Ovarian ligament
Uterosacral ligament

What is the layer extending into the parenchyma of testis, creating septae between
seminiferous tubules?
Fascia spermatica interna
Tunica vasculosa
Tunica vaginalis
Tunica albuginea
Tunica dactos

What does form the septae testis?

tunica albuginea
tunica vasculosa
tunica vaginalis
tunica dartos
fascia spermatica externa

What are the parts of the Epididymis?

caput epididymidis, cervix epididymis, corpus epididymidis, cauda epididymidis
caput epididymidis, corpus epididymidis, cauda epididymidis, sinus epididymidis
caput epididymidis, corpus epididymidis, cauda epididymidis
caput epididymidis, cervix epididymis, corpus epididymidis

Where does ductuli prostaticae open?

Glans penis
Pars prostatica urethrae
Pars membranacea urethrae
Utriculus prostaticus
Bulbus penis
Lymphatic system
What is the difference between lymphatic capillaries and lymphatic vessels?
Diameter
Length
Amount
Wall structure
Type of branching

What organ is lack by lymphatic capillaries?

Hepar
Cutis
Encephalon
Musculi
All organs

Lymphatic system is developed from the ____________

Ectoderm
Mesoderm and endoderm
Endoderm
Mesenchyme
Ectoderm and endoderm

From which organ lymph outflows directly to the thoracic duct (ductus thoracicus)?
Cor
Thymus
Esophagus
Ren
Larynx

How many lymphatic ducts in the human body?

2
6
11
3
7

What lymphatic vessel is the longest in the human body?

Truncus jugularis
Truncus bronchomediastinalis
Ductus thoracicus
Ductus lymphaticus dexter
Truncus subclavius

What is the name of initial part (segment) of the ductus thoracicus?

Cisterna chyli
Cisterna minor
Cisterna major
Truncus lumbalis
Truncus intestinalis

Where is ductus thoracicus located?

Between pars thoracica aortae, esophagus, columna vertebralis
Between esophagus, nervus vagus, vena cava superior, pulmones
Between columna vertebralis, pulmones
Between pulmones
Between Vv. mediastinales

Where does ductus thoracicus flow into the left venous angle?
At the level of the III, IV, V thoracic vertebrae
At the level of the VI, VII thoracic vertebrae
At the level of the I thoracic vertebrae and VII, VI, V, IV, III cervical vertebrae
At the level of the I and II cervical vertebrae
At the level of the I and II lumbar vertebrae

Where is the most of lymph nodes located?

Head
Abdomen
Heart
Limbs
Legs

What is the type of lymphatic vessels that usually accompany arteries?

Deep vessels
Superficial vessels
Thoracic duct
Capillaries
Capillaries and superficial vessels

Right lymphatic duct collects lymph from _______________ of the body?

Upper left quadrant
Lower left quadrant
Upper right quadrant
Lower right quadrant

In the adolescent the thymus gland is involved in the development of which of the
following systems?
Nervous system
Vascular system
Immune system
Skeletal system
Respiratory system

Which embryonic structure gives rise to the thymus gland?

Third pharyngeal arch
Third pharyngeal cleft
Third pharyngeal pouch
Fourth pharyngeal pouch
Fourth pharyngeal arch

The cortical portion of the thymus is composed mostly of _________________

Pneumocytes
Lymphocytes
Hepatocytes
Myocytes
Epitheliocytes

In which quadrant of the abdomen does the spleen lie?

Upper right quadrant
Lower right quadrant
Lower left quadrant
Upper left quadrant
Umbilical

What is the clinical significance of ‘vascular segments’ of the spleen?

Enables filtration of red blood cells
Isolates pathogens for cell-mediated immunity
Ensures rich arterial supply
Allows for subtotal splenectomy
Forms venous drainage

Some children have predominantly mouth breathing due to excessive proliferation of

lymphoid tissue. Because of proliferation of which structures is it possible?
Tonsils
Lingual tonsil
Tubal tonsils
Pharyngeal tonsil
Lymph nodes.

During the surgery on the removal of the appendix, a doctor found in its wall elements
that belong to the peripheral organs of the immune system. What kinds of elements are
these?
Iliac nodes
Single lymphoid nodules
Clusters of lymphoid nodules
Appendix nodes
Nodi lymphatici paracolici

On examination of the oral cavity, doctor found swelling, redness of the palate between
arches. Which anatomical formation inflamed?
Tonsilla Tubaria
Tonsilla Palatine
Tonsilla Adenoidea
Tonsilla Pharyngea
Tonsilla Lingualis

During the examination of patient doctor found the hypertrophy and inflammation of
lymphoid tissue, swelling of the mucous membrane between arches of the soft palate.
Which tonsils normally are in this place?
Tonsilla tubaria
Tonsilla pharyngealis
Tonsilla palatine
Tonsilla lingualis
Tonsilla adenoidea

16-year old girl was diagnosed with the dysfunction of the immune system organ which
also belongs to the endocrine system. Choose the name of this organ.
lymph nodes
palatine tonsils
spleen
pituitary
thymus

A patient has a sore throat. An examination of the patient revealed hypertrophy of

lymphoid organ, located in fossa tonsillaris. What is this organ?
Tonsilla palatina
Tonsilla pharingea
Tonsilla tubaria
Tonsilla lingualis
Tonsilla adenoidea
Endocrine system
What structure is located superiorly to the pituitary gland?
Sphenoid sinus
Cavernous sinus
Optic chiasm
Basilar artery
Infundibulum

What structure is located anteriorly to the pituitary gland?

Sphenoid sinus
Cavernous sinus
Optic chiasm
Basilar artery
Infundibulum

What structure is located posteriorly to the pituitary gland?

Sphenoid sinus
Cavernous sinus
Optic chiasm
Diaphragma sellae
Posterior intercavernous sinus

What structure does have a central opening to allow passage of the infundibulum?
Sphenoid sinus
Cavernous sinus
Optic chiasm
Diaphragma sellae
Posterior intercavernous sinus

Laboratory study of the 56-year old patient's blood showed increase in blood sugar.
Which endocrine gland is affected?
Glandula pineale
Glandula supratenalis
Glandula thyroidea
Glandula parathyroidea
Pancreas

In adult, calcium is frequently deposited in the epiphysis cerebri and then serves as a
landmark on an x-ray investigation of brain. Epiphysis cerebri (pineal body) belongs to:
Mesencephalon
Telencephalon
Myelencephalon
Metencephalon
Diencephalon

A patient has Recklinghausen's disease which occurs in case of the parathyroid glands
hyperfunction. The examination revealed kidney stones, chest limbs, bone distortion,
missing teeth, spontaneous fractures often occur. The increased amount of which
hormone was detected in the plasma of the patient?
Triiodothyronine
Parathyrin
Calcitonin
Tetraiodothyronine
Thyrotropin

What structures are located superiorly to the pituitary gland?

Sphenoid sinus and infundibulum
Cavernous sinus and sphenoid sinus
Optic chiasm and diaphragma sellae
Infundibulum and diaphragma sellae
Cranial fossa and sphenoid sinus

What structure is located posteriorly to the pituitary gland?

Sphenoid sinus
Cavernous sinus
Optic chiasm
Dorsum sellae
Diaphragma sellae

What structure is located laterally to the pituitary gland?

Sphenoid sinus
Cavernous sinus
Optic chiasm
Basilar artery
Infundibulum

What structure can become compressed in a pituitary adenoma, leading to problems

with vision?
Basilar artery
Cavernous sinus
Optic chiasm
Pons
Infundibulum

During the extirpation of the lateral lobes of thyroid glands great care must be taken to
avoid removing of parathyroid glands, which are situated:
In front of lobes
Behind the lobes
Laterally from lobes
Medially from lobes
Between the lobes
A patient came to the doctor with complaints of tremor of the fingers and the whole
body, muscle weakness, palpitations, sleep disorders, weight loss with increased
appetite. Symptoms of which gland's disorder are observed in the patient?
Pituitary
Pancreatic
Thyroid
Adrenal
Epiphysis

How is the pituitary gland accessed surgically?

Via the cavernous sinus
Via the sphenoid sinus
Via the optic chiasm
Via the infundibulum
Via the dorsum sellae (posterior wall of the sella turcica)

Which of the following structures is located inferiorly to the pituitary gland?

Sphenoid sinus
Cavernous sinus
Optic chiasm
Basilar artery
Infundibulum

What part of the pituitary gland is mainly responsible for hormone synthesis and
secretion?
Infundibulum
Hypothalamus
Pars tuberalis
Pars intermedia
Pars anterior

Patient with impaired respiratory function must undergo tracheostomy. We should

remember that the isthmus of the thyroid gland is often located at the level of the
following cartilaginous rings of the trachea:
II- IV
I-II
IV-V
V-VI
III-IV

Examination of the 27-year old male showed increase in the size of hand, foot and
lower jaw, deformity of the joints and spine, hormonal disorders (impotence, testicular
atrophy). What gland is damaged?
anterior pituitary
adrenal glands
pineal body
thyroid gland
parathyroid glands
 1

Digestive system
What structure is not present in Palatum molle:
Tunica mucosa
Aponeurosis palatina
Musculi
Glandulae salivariae
Tonsillae

Palatum molle has all the muscles except:

M. levator veli palatini
M. tensor veli palatine
M. uvulae
M. palatoglossus
M. styloglossus

Find the lingual papillae that are not responsible for taste
Papillae filiformes
Papillae fungiformes
Papillae vallatae
Papillae foliatae

Find the muscles of the tongue that are not originated from the tongue.
M. longitudinalis superior
M. longitudinalis inferior
M. transversus linguae
M. verticalis linguae
M. styloglossus

What is not a part of tongue

Dorsum
Radix
Corpus
Apex
Fundus

Find the salivary gland that opens in sublingual duct

Gl. sublingualis, Gl. submandibularis
Gl. linguales
Gl. labiales
Gl. parotidea

Find the salivary gland that opens into vestibulum oris

Gl. parotidea, Gl. buccales
Gl. sublingualis
Gl. submandibularis
 2

Gl. linguales

What is a formula of the milk teeth?

2/1/0/2
2/0/1/2
1/2/0/2
1/2/2/0

What is a formula of the permanent teeth?

3/2/1/2
2/2/1/3
2/1/2/3
1/3/2/2
3/2/2/1

Dens have the following parts (find wrong answer):

Corona dentis
Radix dentix
Cervix dentix
Corpus dentix, Capitulum dentix

Corona dentis does not have the following surface:

Labialis
Buccalis
Lingualis
Occlusalis (Masticatoria)
Oralis

What is the tissue that you can’t find in tooth

Enamelum
Dentinum
Cementum
Elastin

What teeth do not exist

Dentes incisivi
Dentes canini
Dentes premolaris
Dentes molaris
Dentes incisive major

Find the salivary glands that are not the main (big)
Gl. parotidea
Gl. submandibularis
Gl. sublingualis
 3

Gl. buccales, Gl. linguales

What structures are not the parts of the pharynx?

Pars nasalis
Pars oralis
Pars laryngea
Pars palatina

What is the first layer of the pharynx from basis cranii?

Tunica mucosa
Fascia pharyngobasilaris, Tela submucosa
Tunica muscularis
Tunica adventitia

Where are tonsilla lingualis located?

Fornix pharynges
Palatum molle
Radix linguae
Fossa tonsilaris
Facies inferior linguae

Esophagus does not have the following part:

Cervicalis
Thoracica
Abdominalis
Cranialis

Choose unanatomical constriction of esophagus

Pharyngealis
Bronchialis
Diaphragmalis
Aortalis

Walls of the esophagus have all layers except:

Externus
Muscularis
Mucosa
Endotelialis

There are following parts of stomach except (find wrong name):

Cardialis
Fundus
Corpus
Pyloris
Ampullaris
 4

There are following parts of walls of stomach except (find wrong name):
Serosa
Muscularis
Mucosa
Collagenosa

Name the right plicae (folds) on the curvature ventriculi minor of stomach:
Semilunares
Circulares
Serratus
Reticulares
Longitudinales

Choose a skeletotopy of cardiac part of stomach:

Vertebrae lumbales (T XII –LI)
Vertebrae thoracicae (T XI-TXII)
Vertebrae thoracicae ( T X-XI)
Vertebrae lumbales (L I-II)
Vertebrae lumbales (LII-III)

Find a skeletotopy of pyloric part of stomach:

Vertebrae thoracicae et Vertebrae lumbales (T XII –LI)
Vertebrae lumbales (L I-II)
Vertebrae lumbales (LII-III)
Vertebrae thoracicae (T XI-TXII)
Vertebrae thoracicae (T X-XI)

Small intestine has the following departments except (find the wrong part):
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Caecum

Duodenum has the following departments except (find the wrong part):
Superior
Descendens
Horisontalis
Ascendens
Rectus

What is location of the Gll. duodenales (find correct layer):

Stratum mucosae
Tela submucosae
Stratum muscularis externum
 5

Stratum serosum
Stratum muscularis internum

Find the opening of the accessory pancreatic duct in duodenum:

Papilla duodeni major
Papilla duodeni minor
Plicae circularis
Villi
Plicae semilunaris

Mucosa of the small intestine is made up of the following structures except (find wrong
answer):
Plicae circularis
Villi
Criptae
Papillae
Plicae semilunaris

Find skeletotopy of the flexura duodenojejunalis:

Vertebrae lumbalis I
Vertebrae lumbales II
Vertebrae lumbales III
Vertebrae thoracicae XII
Vertebrae thoracicae XI

Intestinum crassum (large intestine) has the following departments except (find wrong
answer):
Caecum
Colon
Rectum
Colon sigmoideum
Illeum

Colon has the following departments except (find wrong answer):

Colon ascendens
Colon transversus
Colon descendens
Colon sigmoideum
Rectum

Large intestine has the following structures except (find wrong answer)?
Haustra coli
Appendices epiploicae
Taenia coli
Plicae circularis, Criptae
 6

Taenia coli, Haustra coli

Colon has the following taenia except:

Taenia longitudinalis
Taenia mesocolica
Taenia omentalis
Taenia libera

Rectum has the following structures (find correct answer)

Pars pelvina, Canalis analis
Pars sacralis
Pars perinealis
Pars superior et inferior

Rectum has the following folds of mucosal membrane (find correct answer)
Plicae transversales, Columnae anales
Plicae circularis
Plicae semilunares
Plicae circularis, Plicae semilunares
Villi, Criptae

Rectum has the following curves (find correct answer)

Flexsura pelvina
Flexsura sacralis and parinealis
Flexsura superior
Flexsura inferior

Hepar has all lobes except (find wrong answer)

Lobus sinister
Lobus dexter
Lobus quadratus
Lobus caudatus
Lobus superior

Which ligament does not connect liver with diaphragm?

Lig. coranarium
Lig. triangulare
Lig. falciforme
Lig.teres

Ligamentum hepatoduodenale has the following structures except (find wrong answer):
Ductus choledochus
Vena portae
A.Hepatica
A.Gastrica and mesenterica superior
 7

There are following ligaments of hepar except (find wrong answer):

Lig.teres
Lig.triangulare
Lig.falciforme
Lig.coranarium
Lig.quadratus

What duct goes from porta heparis?

Choledochus
Hepaticus communis
Fellea
Cysticus
Pancreaticus

Pancreas has the following parts except (find wrong answer):

Caput
Corpus
Cauda
Lobus quadratus and caudatus

What is the skeletotopy of corpus pancreatis?

LI
L II
L III
T XII
T XI

Vesica fellea has the following parts except (find wrong answer):
Fundus
Corpus
Colum
Caput, Cauda
Fundus, Corpus, Colum

Lien has the following margins except (find wrong answer):

Extremitas posterior
Extremitas anterior
Margo superior
Margo inferior
Margo anterior

What is the tooth that has two roots?

Mandibular molar
Canine
 8

Mandibular molar and Maxillary first premolar

Maxillary incisors
Mandibular incisors

What is the tooth that has one root?

Maxillary molar
Mandibular molar
Canine and most premolar (except maxillary first premolar)
Mandibular molar and Maxillary first premolar
Maxillary incisors

What is the tooth that has three roots?

Mandibular molar
Canine and most premolar (except maxillary first premolar)
Mandibular molar and Maxillary first premolar
Maxillary incisors
Maxillary molars

Where is the opening of the submandibular salivatory gland?

Caruncula sublingualis
Foramen caecum linguae
Plica fimbriata
Vestibulum oris
Recesus gingivalis

There is patient who has trauma of the cheek. What salivatory gland might also be damaged?
Parotid
Sublingual
Submandibular
Submandibular and parotid
Sublingual and parotid

Ductus parotideus passes through?

M. buccinator
M. masseter
M. zygomaticus major
M. zygomaticus minor
M. orbicularis oris

These papillae cover most of the dorsal surface of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue.
Papillae vallatae
Papillae foliаtae
Papillae filiformes
Papillae fungiformes
Papillae conicae
 9

How many teeth should have one year old baby?

8
10
7
12
6

After hard trauma patient has a problem: food is going to nasal cavity when swallowing.
Which muscle is not working properly?
m.levator veli palatini
m.palatopharyngeus
m.stylopharyngeus
m.genioglossus
m.palatoglossus

Find another name of the “dens sapientiae”?

Lateral incisor
Premolar
Molar
Canine
Wisdom tooth

Name the age of baby that has 8 incisors:

10-12 month
6-7 month
7-8 month
12-15 month
16-20 month

Doctor has found a tumor which is 1 cm lower from place where esophagus passes into the
stomach. Find part of the stomach with malignant process?
Cardia ventriculi
Fundus ventriculi
Pylorus ventriculi
Corpus ventriculi
Curvatura major

Tuba auditiva located in _____________

canaliculus tympanicus
canalis musculotubarius
canalis caroticus
canaliculus chordae tympani
canaliculi carotici tympanici
 10

Find department of intestine that has “folliculi lymphatici aggregati“

Ileum
Duodenum
Jejunum
Colon ascendens
Colon descendens

Patient has wound in left lateral part of abdomen. Which department of intestine will be
injured?
Colon descendens
Colon transversus
Colon ascendens
Caecum
Rectum

What is the first department of the large intestine?

Caecum
Colon ascendens
Colon sigmoideum
Rectum
Colon descendens

What if the first department of the duodenum?

Pars superior
Pars descendens
Pars ascendens
Pars inferior
Flexura duodeni inferior

What is the “ductus of gallbladder”?

Ductus choledochus
Ductus hepaticus communis
Ductus cysticus
Ductus hepaticus dexter
Ductus hepaticus sinister

What structure is located in distal department of large intestine?

Rectum
Colon descendens
Colon sigmoideum
Caecum
Colon transversum

When we have inflammation of liver and press on the navel region, we can fill pain.
What ligament helps us to fill this pain?
 11

Ligamentum triangulare dextrum

Ligamentum venosum
Ligamentum teres hepatis
Ligamentum falciforme
Ligamentum coronarium

Patient has an inflammation of duodenal bulb. What department of duodenum does have
the inflammation?
Pars superior
Pars descendens
Pars horizontalis
Pars ascendens
Colon transversus

When a surgeon makes operation on gall bladder, he should find cystic duct. In which
anatomical structure he should find it?
Lig. hepatoduodenale
Lig. hepatorenale.
Lig. gastrocolicum.
Lig. duodenorenale.
Lig. hepatogastricum

18-year old boy arrived in hospital with signs of internal bleeding. He has got a trauma in the
area under the left rib cage. What organ has been damaged?
Lien
Cauda pancreatis
Fundus ventriculi
Flexura coli sinistra
Ren sinistra

The________ is a part of the gastrointestinal system and also the respiratory system.
Larynx
Pharynx
Trachea
Tongue
Oral cavity

The______ is the "flap" like cartilage that is attached to the larynx. It goes up during
breathing to allow the air to enter into the trachea during respiration and it moves down
during the swallowing. Find this structure
Hyoid bone
Epiglottis
Esophagus
Larynx
Pharynx
 12

This is an abdominal organ and gland on the right side of the abdominal cavity and
somewhat near the center of the body that has a role in digestion. It produces bile which
is transported to the gallbladder through the common bile duct and then to the small
intestine. Find this organ.
Pancreas
Liver
Gall bladder
Stomach
Intestine

The stomach secretes digestive enzymes to facilitate the digestive process. Which
substance DOES NOT take a part in digestive process?
pepsin
hydrochloric acid
gastric acid
hyaluronic acid
lipase

Select parts of small intestine in the correct order starting from a stomach:
The duodenum, The tongue, The lien
The duodenum, The jejunum, The ileum
The stomach, The jejunum, The ileum
The duodenum, The omentum, The ileum
The duodenum, The jejunum, The omentum

The ileum absorbs remaining nutrients, some bile acids and vitamins, such as
vitamin___
B6
B12
A
E
I

Find the initial part of large intestine.

rectum
cecum
ileum
duodenum
sigmoid colon

Select the part of large intestine which is going after the cecum.
descending colon
ascending colon
duodenum
 13

rectum
sigmoid colon

Select the part of large intestine which is going after the ascending colon.
descending colon
ascending colon
duodenum
rectum
transverse colon

Select the part of large intestine which is going after the descending colon.
ascending colon
duodenum
ilium
sigmoid colon
transverse colon

Choose the most prominent enzyme of the saliva in the oral cavity.
Amylase
Glycerol and fatty acids
Amino acids and peptides
Sugars
Pepsin

Choose the substance that is used for the digestion of fats.

Duodenal juice
Bile
Amylase
Glycerol and fatty acids
Amino acids and peptides

Name the terminal part of large intestine.

Pancreas
Rectum
Pylorus
Cecum
Epiglottis

Name the disease when gallbladder stones appear

Intestinal obstruction
Cholelithiasis
Cholecystitis
Hepatitis
Cirrhosis
 14

Find a disorder of the large intestine that can lead to abdominal pain, diarrhea and other
gastrointestinal system disorders.
Intestinal obstruction
Cholelithiasis
Cholecystitis
Hepatitis
Irritable bowel syndrome

Find a disorder described by enlarged veins in the lower rectum and/or anus
Intestinal obstruction
Cholelithiasis
Cholecystitis
Hepatitis
Hemorrhoids

What is the name of the stomach cell that secretes hydrochloric acid?
Chrondocyte
Chief cell
Parietal cell
Gastric cell
Glial cell

What macromolecules are digested in the small intestine?

Protein
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Nucleic acids
All of the above

The major movement of food through the gastrointestinal tract is called

Segmentation
Peristalsis
Hostile churning
Chyme propulsion
Swallowing

Which enzymes digest proteins?

Pepsin
Amylase
Trypsin
Pepsin and Trypsin
Lipase, Pepsin and Trypsin

Which components are required for lipid digestion?

Amylase and lipase
 15

Bile and pepsin

Bile and lipase
Pepsin and lipase
Pepsin and trypsin

Which organ secretes the majority of digestive enzymes?

Mouth
Small intestine
Pancreas
Liver
Stomach

In which digestive organ the chyme is produced?

Oral cavity
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Esophagus

Choose a main place of digestive system where water and minerals are absorbed:
Stomach
Large intestine
Small intestine
Mouth
Esophagus

The opening at the end of the digestive tract through which solid wastes are eliminated.
Mucosa
Ductus communis
Ductus choledochus
Anus
Rectum

Choose a name of tiny fingerlike projections in the small intestine.

Chief cell
Parietal cell
Gastric cell
Glial cell
Villi

Which organ does produce bile?

Duodenum
Liver
Pancreas
Gall bladder
 16

Salivary gland
 17

Respiratory system
Which structures do not belong to the upper respiratory pathways?
Cavitas nasi
Pars nasalis pharyngis
Pars oralis pharyngis
Larynx

What parts does external nose have?

Radix, fundus, dorsum, alae
Fundus, radix, alae, collum
Radix, dorsum, alae, apex
Collum, apex, tuberculum, radix
Dorsum, radix, collum, corpus

What cartilages does make up an external nose?

Cartilagines alares minors et major, thyroidea
Cricoidea, cartilage alaris, major, arytenoidea
Cartilago nasi lateralis, cartilagines alares minores et major
Arytenoidea, cartilagines alares minors et major
Thyroidea, cricoidea, cartilage nasi lateralis

Which sinus does not belong to paranasal sinuses?

Maxillaris
Cavernosus
Sphenoidalis
Frontalis
Ethmoidalis

Where is opening for sinus frontalis?

Meatus nasi superior
Meatus nasi medius
Meatus nasi inferior
Vestibulum nasi
Meatus nasopharyngeus

Sinus maxillaris opens in:

Meatus nasi medius
Meatus nasi superior
Meatus nasi inferior
Vestibulum oris
Meatus nasopharyngeus

Larynx continues as:

Oesophagus
Fauseus
 18

Trachea, pars laryngea pharyngis

Choanae

Larynx connects with pharynx with:

Choanae
Fauceus
Aditus laryngea
Rima glottidis
Rima vestibularis

What is the name of laryngeal cavity which borders with pharynx?

Glottis
Vestibulum
Ventriculus
Rima glottidis
Cavitas infraglottica

What is the name of laryngeal cavity which borders with trachea?

Glottis
Vestibulum
Ventriculus
Rima glottidis
Cavitas infraglottica

Find the cartilage of larynx which is not hyaline

Thyroidea
Cricoidea
Epiglottis
Arytenoidea

Which cartilage has “linea oblique”?

Cricoidea
Arytenoidea
Thyroidea
Cuneiformis
Corniculata

What structure is not the part of cavitas laryngis

Glottis
Vestibulum
Cavitas infraglottica
Fauces

Find parts of rima glottidis

Vestibularis
 19

Intermembranacea, Intercartilaginea
Ventricularis
Infraglottica

What parts does tracheae have?

Circularis
Muscularis
Cervicalis,Thoracica
Abdominalis

Where is a bifurcation of the trachea?

I, II
II, III
III, IV
IV, V
V, VI

Which bronchus comes to Hilum pulmonis?

Lobulares
Lobares
Principales
Segmentales
Eparterialis

Which lung has lobus medius?

Right
Left
Both
No one
Sometimes in left, sometimes in right

Which lung has two lobes?

Right
Left
Both
No one
Sometimes left, sometimes right

Find the surface which IS NOT a surface of the lungs

Costalis
Mediastinalis
Cardiaca
Diaphragmatica

Which IS NOT a part of lung

 20

Apex
Collum
Basis
Hilum
Radix

Radix pulmonis is in:

Basis
Apex
Hilum
Margo anterior
Margo inferior

Hilum pulmonis is in:

Basis
Apex
Margo anterior
Facies mediastinalis
Facies costalis

Which lung has incisura cardiaca:

Left
Right
Both
No one
Sometimes in left, sometimes in right

Which lung has lingula:

Left
Right
Both
No one
Sometimes in left, sometimes in right

Which lung has fissura obliqua:

Both
No one
Left
Right
Sometimes in left, sometimes in right

Which lung has fissura horisontalis:

Left
Right
Both
 21

No one
Sometimes left, sometimes right

How many parts does lobus superior pulmo dexter have?

1
2
3
4
5

How many parts does lobus medius pulmo dexter have?

1
2
3
4
5

How many parts does lobus inferior pulmo dexter have?

1
2
3
4
5

How many parts does lobus superior pulmo sinister have?

2
3
4
5
6

How many parts does lobus inferior pulmo sinister have?

1
2
3
4
5

Find those structure that DOES NOT have any relation to air pathways:
Bronchus principalis
Bronchus segmentalis
Bronchiola terminalis
Bronchiola respiratoria
Bronchus lobularis
 22

Find those structure that DOES NOT have any relation to gas exchange:
Ductus alveolaris
Sacculus alveolaris
Bronchiola respiratoria
Bronchiola terminalis

Find those structure that DOES NOT have any relation to alveolar tree:
Bronchiola respiratoria
Bronchiola terminalis
Ductus alveolaris
Sacculus alveolaris

Find those structure which is not a part of acinus pulmoni:

Bronchus lobularis
Bronchiola respiratoria
Ductus alveolaris
Sacculus alveolaris

Find those structure that DOES NOT HAVE any relation to arbor bronchialis:
Bronchi lobares
Bronchi principales
Bronchi lobulares
Bronchioli respiratorii
Bronchioli terminales

Next unit after bronchus lobularis is:

Bronchi segmentales
Bronchi principales
Bronchi subsegmentalis
Bronchioli terminalis
Bronchioli respiratorii

Next unit after bronchi lobares is:

Bronchi segmentales
Bronchi subsegmentalis
Bronchioli terminalis
Bronchi principales
Bronchi lobares

Next unit after bronchus principales is:

Bronchioli lobularis
Bronchioli terminales
Bronchioli respiratorii
Bronchi lobares
Bronchi subsegmentalis
 23

Which bronchus principalis goes over v.azygos?

Right
Left
Both
No one
Sometimes left, sometimes right

Which bronchus principalis goes over aorta?

Right
Left
Both
No one
Sometimes left, sometimes right

Which bronchus principalis crosses esophagus?

Right
Left
Both
No one
Sometimes in left, sometimes in right

Which from below IS NOT SITUATED in the mediastinum posterior?

Pars thoracica aortae et ductus thoracicus
Cor et pericardium
Thruncus sympathicus, v.azygos, v. hemiazygos
Esophagus et nervi vagi
N. splanchnici major et minor

Oxygen from the air enters the blood stream in ___________

cardiac notch
pulmonary vein
alveoli
paranasal sinuses

What divides the left and right side of the nasal cavity?
Septum
Conchae
Pharynx
Sinus

What is the name of the tiny air sacs in the lungs?

The name of the tiny air sacs in the lungs is called Bronchioles.
The name of the tiny air sacs in the lungs is called Ravioli.
The name of the tiny air sacs in the lungs is called Alveoli.
 24

The name of the tiny air sacs in the lungs is called Bronx.

The tiny processes over epithelial cells that move mucus and dirt out of lungs are ___.
Lung hairs
Stubble
Bronchioles
Cilia

What important detergent lines the alveoli in the lungs and keeps the alveoli expanded?
Surfactant
None of the other answers
Plasma
Mucous

Which paranasal sinus is located above the nasal cavity?

ethmoidal
maxillary
frontal
Sphenoid

Which muscle divides the thoracic cavity and the abdominal cavity?
diaphragm
mediastinum
lumen
thorax

What is the shape of the tracheal cartilaginous rings?

c-shaped
oblong
circular
square

The nose and pharynx make up the:

upper respiratory tract
lower respiratory tract
nasopharynx
nasal septum

Nostrils are also known as:

nasal cavity
nares
hilum
glottis

The region of the pharynx that extends from the soft palate to the epiglottis is:
 25

lumen
oropharynx
parenchyma
trachea

This is the double-layered membrane that encloses the lungs and lines the thoracic
cavity:
mucosa
pleura
peritoneum
diaphragm

The outer layer of the tracheal wall is called the:

adventitia
cilia
submucosa
serosa

A cavity within the thorax that contains the trachea and other structures including the
heart is called:
pleural cavity
thorax
mediastinum
Peritoneal cavity

The inner membrane of the pleural sac which adheres to the outer surface of the lung is
called:
parenchyma
parietal pleura
surfactant
visceral pleura

What is the largest sinus among paranasal sinuses?

sphenoid sinuses
maxillary sinuses
frontal sinuses
ethmoidal sinuses
cavernous sinuses

A bony partition located between the nasal cavities:

vestibule
septum
paranasal sinuses
nares
 26

The rounded tip of each lung is called the:

septum
pleura
apex
hilus
 27

Urinary system
Where are ren (kidneys) located?
from ThX to LII
from ThXI to LIII
from ThXI to LII
from ThXII to LIII
from ThX to LI

What muscles usually surround kidneys?

M. obliquus internus abdominis et m. psoas minor
M. psoas minor et major, m. obliquus internus abdominis
M. psoas major et m. obliquus internus abdominis
M. quadratus lumborum et m. psoas major
M. obliquus externus abdominis et m. obliquus internus abdominis

What is the syntopy of the left kidney?

Pancreas
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ascending colon
Liver

What is the syntopy of the left kidney?

Spleen
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ascending colon
Liver

What is the syntopy of the left kidney?

Duodenum
Jejunum
Ascending colon
Descending colon
Liver

What is the syntopy of the left kidney (Ren sinister)?

Duodenum
Left suprarenal gland
Jejunum
Ascending colon
Liver

What is the syntopy of the right kidney (Ren dexter)?

Pancreas
 28

The small intestine

Stomach
Descending colon
Liver

What is the syntopy of the right kidney (Ren dexter)?

Pancreas
Duodenum
The small intestine
Stomach
Descending colon

What is the syntopy of the right kidney (Ren dexter)?

Pancreas
The small intestine
Ascending colon
Stomach
Descending colon

What is the syntopy of the right kidney (Ren dexter)?

Pancreas
The small intestine
Jejunum
Stomach
Descending colon

What is the syntopy of the right kidney (Ren dexter)?

Spleen
Pancreas
Left suprarenal gland
Right suprarenal gland
Descending colon

Choose posterior relations of the kidneys

Liver, the 2nd part of the duodenum, the ascending colon
Stomach, pancreas and its vessels, spleen, the descending colon
Diaphragm, m.quadratus lumborum, m.psoas, m.transversus abdominis, three nerves
(subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal)
Suprarenal glands, m.quadratus lumborum, m.psoas, m.transversus abdominis, three
nerves (subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal)
Subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal nerves, suprarenal glands

Choose posterior relations of the kidneys.

M.serratus posterior superior, m.serratus posterior inferior
M.latissimus dorsi, m.rhomboid major, m.rhomboid minor
 29

M.iliocostalis, m.longissimus, m.spinalis

M.quadratus lumborum, m.psoas, m.iliocostalis, m.spinalis
M.quadratus lumborum, m.psoas, m.transversus abdominis

Choose anterior relations of the right kidney.

Liver, duodenum, the ascending colon
Stomach, pancreas and its vessels, spleen, the descending colon
Diaphragm, m.quadratus lumborum, m.psoas, m.transversus abdominis, three nerves
(subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal)
Suprarenal glands, m.quadratus lumborum, m.psoas, m.transversus abdominis, three
nerves (subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal)
Subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal nerves, suprarenal glands

Choose anterior relations of the left kidney.

Liver, duodenum, the ascending colon
Stomach, pancreas and its vessels, spleen, the descending colon
Diaphragm, m.quadratus lumborum, m.psoas, m.transversus abdominis, three nerves
(subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal)
Suprarenal glands, m.quadratus lumborum, m.psoas, m.transversus abdominis, three
nerves (subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal)
Subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal nerves, suprarenal glands

Why the right kidney is situated slightly lower than the left kidney?
Displaced by the pancreas
Displaced by the small intestine
Displaced by the liver
Displaced by the right lung

What separates the right kidney from the liver?

The Gerota's fascia
The hepatorenal recess
The prerenal fascia
The posterior retro-renal fascia
Pararenal fat

What does NOT the cover kidneys?

Capsula fibrosa
Capsula adiposa
Lamina retrorenalis fasciae renalis
Adventitia
Lamina prerenalis fasciae renalis

How many capsules kidney has?

One (the fibrous renal capsule)
Two (the fibrous renal capsule and renal fascia)
 30

Three (the fibrous renal capsule, perinephric fat, renal fascia)

Three (the fibrous renal capsule, renal fascia, transversalis fascia)
Four (the fibrous renal capsule, perinephric fat, renal fascia, transversalis fascia)

What does NOT belong to the capsules of kidneys?

Fibrous renal capsule
Perinephric fat
Perirenal fat
Renal fascia
Transversalis fascia

What facies does ren have?

Anterior, posterior
Medialis, lateralis
Superior, inferior
Dexter, sinister
Anterior, superior

Which of the following structures encloses kidneys and suprarenal glands?

Renal capsule
Perirenal fat
Renal fascia
Pararenal fat
Transversalis fascia

What are the extremitas of kidneys?

Anterior et posterior
Superior et inferior
Medialis et lateralis
Superficialis et profundus
Externus et internus

What is position of kidneys relatively to the peritoneum?

Ren dexter is extraperitonealis, ren sinister is mesoperitonealis
Ren sinister is extraperitonealis, ren dexter is mesoperitonealis
Ren dexter et sinister are extraperitonealis
Ren dexter et sinister are mesoperitonealis
Ren dexter is intraperitonealis, ren sinister is mesoperitonealis

The renal vessels and ureter enter and exit the kidney via the ______________
Minor calyx
Major calyx
Renal cortex
Renal pelvis
Renal hilum
 31

Where is the hilum located in the kidney?

Posteriorly
Anteriorly
Medially
Superiorly
Inferiorly

What structures are going through the hilum?

The renal vein, renal artery, lymphatic vessels, nerves, pelvis of the ureter
The renal artery, the pelvis of the ureter, nerves
The renal vein, renal artery, lymphatic vessels, nerves, major calyces
The pelvis of the ureter, major calyces, the minor calyces
The major calyces and the minor calyces

How many calyces minores does ren (kidney) have?

1 or 2
from 10 to 15
from 3 to 5
from 8 to 9
from 20 to 30

Choose the structure in which papilla of each pyramid empties urine.

major calyce
minor calyx
renal pelvis
ureter
hilum

The renal artery derives directly from the ________

Thoracic aorta
Abdominal aorta
Inferior mesenteric artery
Internal iliac artery
Comon iliac artery

How many segmental arteries are in the right kidney?

2
5
3
7
6

What is the name of arteries passing through the renal column?

Interlobar
 32

Segmental
Interlobular
Arcuate
Renal

What is the normal position of the left kidney relatively to the 12th rib?
12 rib crosses a kidney in the middle
12 rib is projected on the superior pole
12 rib crosses a kidney in the superior third
12 rib crosses a kidney in the inferior third
12 rib is project on the inferior pole

What is the normal position of the right kidney relatively to the 12th rib?
12 rib crosses a kidney in the superior third
12 rib crosses a kidney in the inferior third
12 rib crosses a kidney in the middle
12 rib is projected on the superior pole
12 rib is project on the inferior pole

What is a level is the left kidney relatively to the vertebrae?

From the middle of 11 thoracic to the superior edge of 3 lumbar vertebras
From inferior edge of 12 thoracic to the superior edge of 2 lumbar vertebras
From inferior edge of 11 thoracic to the middle of 4 lumbar vertebras
From the middle of 12 thoracic to the superior edge of 4 lumbar vertebras
From inferior edge of 12 thoracic to the middle of 5 lumbar vertebras

What is a level is the right kidney relatively to the vertebrae?

From inferior edge of 11 thoracic to the middle of 3 lumbar vertebras
From inferior edge of 12 thoracic to the middle of 4 lumbar vertebras
From inferior edge of 11 thoracic to the superior edge of 1 lumbar vertebra
From inferior edge of 12 thoracic to the superior edge of 2 lumbar vertebras
From the middle of 11 thoracic to the superior edge of 3 lumbar vertebras

The inner third of the cortex and the medulla are supplied by long, straight arteries
called _____
interlobar arteries
arcuate arteries
afferent arterioles
peritubular network
vasa recta

What are the parts of the lobula corticalis renalis?

Pyramides et corpusculum renalis
Pars radiata et convoluta
Cortex renalis et pyramides
 33

Pars convolute et pyramides

Pars radiata et pyramides

Where is predominantly renal bodies are placed?

Pyramides
Pars radiata
Pars convoluta
Sinus renalis
Calyces renales minores

What are the parts of the corpusculum renis (renal body)?

Glomerulus et capsula glomerularis
Glomerulus, tubulus contortus proximalis
Tubulus contortus proximalis et ansa nephroni
Ansa nephroni et capsula glomerularis
Vas afferens et vas efferens et capsula glomerularis

Choose the structure from which the renal tubules extends.

Bowman's capsule
Renal corpuscle
Nephron
Glomerulus
Papilla

Where is the juxtaglomerular apparatus located?

In the nephron
Between afferent arterioles and efferent arterioles and proximal convoluted tubule
Between afferent arterioles and efferent arterioles and distal convoluted tubule
Near the loop of Henle
Proximal convoluted tubule

What is NOT the component of the renal tubule?

Proximal convoluted tubule
Loop of Henle
Distal convoluted tubule
Collecting tubule
Glomerulus

What component of the juxtaglomerular apparatus does produce renin?

macula densa cells
juxtaglomerular cells
extraglomerular mesangial cells
podocytes
endothelial cells
 34

What is the anatomical border between the abdominal and pelvic parts of right ureter?
Linea terminalis
Linea semilunaris
Linea arcuata
Linea transversa
Linea inguinalis

A urolithiasis was complicated with the exit of a stone from the kidney. At what level of
ureter it can stop most probably?
On the border between abdominal and pelvic parts
2 cm superiorly to the inflow into a urinary bladder
In a renal pelvis
In middle abdominal part
5 cm superiorly to pelvic part

Behind what structure is the initial part of the right ureter situated?
Pars descendens duodeni
Colon ascendens
Flexura coli dextra
Pars superior duodeni
Pars horizontalis duodeni

What prevents vesicoureteral reflux?

Ureteropelvic junction
Ureterovesical junction
Psoas major muscle
Ureterovesical valve
Smooth muscle fibers of the ureteric walls

Where ureter does NOT have narrow part?

At the transient from pelvis to the ureter
In the pars abdominalis
Pars abdominalis et pars pelvina
Pars pelvina
Pars intramuralis

What are the parts of the ureter?

Renalis, abdominalis, pelvina
Vesicalis, supravesicalis, abdominalis
Renalis, pelvina
Abdominalis, pelvina, intramuralis
Abdominalis, renalis

What are the layers of the walls of the ureter?

Mucosa, muscular coat (two muscles layers)
 35

Mucosa (lamina propria and transient epithelium), muscular coat

Mucosa (transient epithelium), muscular coat, adventitia (fibrous connective tissue)
Mucosa (transient epithelium), two muscles layers, adventitia (fibrous connective
tissue)
Mucosa (lamina propria and transient epithelium), two muscles layers, adventitia
(fibrous connective tissue)

Which of the following describes the ureteropelvic junction?

The point at which the renal pelvis narrows
The point at which the renal pelvis wide
A funnel like structure within the hilum of the kidney
A triangular area in the fundus of the bladder
Collects urine from the renal pyramids

What is located at the entrance of the ureter to the bladder?

psoas major muscle
ureterovesical valve
detrusor muscle
ureteropelvic junction
pelvic brim

What openings are located in the trigonum vesicae?

Ostium ureteres et ostium urethrae externum
Ostium ureteres et ostium urethrae internum
Ostium ureteres et ductus deferens
Ostium ureteres internum et ductus deferens
Ostium ureters, ostium urethrae internum

What are the parts of the vesica urinaria?

Corpus, fundus, caput
Corpus, fundus, cervix, caput
Corpus, fundus, cervix, apex
Corpus, fundus, cervix, basis
Apex, fundus, corpus, basis

What is the correct position of the filled vesica urinaria relatively to the peritoneum?
Extraperitonealis
Retroperitonealis
Intraperitonealis
In cavitas peritonei
Mesoperitonealis

What are the coverings of the vesica urinaria in the trigonum vesicae area?
Tunica mucosa, tela submucosa, adventitia, tunica serosa
Tunica mucosa, muscularis, tela submucosa, adventitia, tunica serosa
 36

Muscularis, adventitia, tunica mucosa, tela submucosa

Tunica mucosa, muscularis, adventitia
Tunica mucosa, muscularis, tunica serosa

How many constrictors does urethra masculina have?

One (1)
Three (3)
Four (4)
Two (2)
Anyone

Where is plica interureterica located?

Apex vesicae urinariae
Paries anterior vesicae urinariae
Paris posterior vesicae urinariae
Cervix vesicae urinariae
Trigonum vesicae

What is the peritoneal invagination in the vesica urinaria area formed?

Excavation recto-vesicalis
Excavation vesico-renal
Excavation recto-uterina
Excavation sigmoideo-vesicalis
Excavation vesico-pubica

What of the following correctly describes the apex of the bladder?

The main part of the bladder
Located superiorly, pointing towards the pubic symphysis
Located inferiorly, pointing towards the pubic symphysis
Joins the bladder to the urethra
Located posteriorly, it is triangular in shape

Which muscle relaxes in the urinary bladder during the storage phase of urine?
Detrusor
Internal urethral sphincter
External urethral sphincter
Levator ani
Transvers abdominis

What is the length of the male urethra?

4cm
10cm
20cm
35cm
50cm
 37

What is the anterior anatomical border of the perineum?

Tip of the coccyx
Pubic symphysis
Mons pubis
Pubic tubercle
Infrapubic angle

Which surface represents the posterior border of the perineum?

Mons pubis
Dimples of Venus
Superior end of the intergluteal cleft
Medial aspect the thigh
Located posteriorly, it is triangular in shape

Which of the following is NOT located within the anal triangle?

Anal aperture
Ischioanal fossae
External anal sphincter
Bartholin’s glands
Infrapubic angle

Which of the following describes the urogenital hiatus?

A centrally positioned gap which allows passage of the anal canal
An anterior gap which allows passage of the urethra
A funnel shaped muscular structure that attaches to the walls of the lesser pelvis
A fibrous node that joins the pelvic floor to the perineum
Located posteriorly, it is triangular in shape

Which of the following is not a function of the pelvic floor?

Support of abdominopelvic viscera
Resistance to increase in intra-pelvic pressure
Facilitate passage of vessels and nerves
Urinary and fecal continence

In the cystoscope field, flat mucosa has no folds. Which part of the bladder is in the
field?
top
cystic triangle
body
neck
bottom

Which part of the nephron was damaged if the urine analysis showed the presence of
blood?
 38

Renal corpuscle
Proximal straight tubule
Distal convoluted tubule
Proximal convoluted tubule
Distal straight tubule

On cystoscopy under normal conditions, bladder mucosa forms folds except one
triangular area where the mucosa is smooth. Where is the triangular area situated?
Bladder neck
Top bladder
Body of the bladder
Isthmus of the bladder
Bottom of the bladder
 39

Name the extension of the peritoneal cavity between the rectum and the posterior wall
of the uterus
Mesosalpinx or excavatio vesicouterina
Mesometrium, excavatio vesicouterina or excavatio rectouterine
Mesovarium, excavatio rectouterine or fossa douglas
Cavum douglassi or fossa douglas
Cavum douglassi or excavatio vesicouterina

Name the deepest point of the female peritoneal cavity

Excavatio rectouterine
Excavatio vesicouterine
Ligamentum latum uteri
Mesosalpinx
Mesometrium

Choose the attachment of the ligamentum latum uteri.

From the uterus to the inguinal canal
From the uterus to the tuba uterina
From the uterus to the pelvic wall
From the salpinx to the pelvic wall
From the ovary to the pelvic wall

Name the point where the fallopian tube meets the peritoneal cavity.
Infundibulum
Fimbriae
Ampullary
Isthmus
Ostium

What is the origination of the serosa of the fallopian tube?

Lamina propria
Peritoneum
Simple columnar epithelium
Subserosa
Mucosa

What is the largest portion of the broad ligament?

Mesometrium
Mesosalpinx
Mesovarium
Round ligament of uterus
Ovarian ligament

What is the parametrium?

Ligament of the uterus
 40

The fibrous and fatty connective tissue that surrounds the uterus
The fatty connective tissue that surrounds the uterus
The fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the uterus
One of the layers of the broad ligaments

What is the name of the outermost layer of the uterus?

Parametrium
Perimetrium
Mesometrium
Mesosalpinx
Mesovarium

Where does the round ligament exit the pelvis?

at the uterine horns
in the parametrium
in the perametrium
via the excavatio vesicouterina
via the deep inguinal ring

Where does the round ligament originate?

at the uterine horns
in the parametrium
in the perametrium
via the excavatio vesicouterina
via the deep inguinal ring

What ligament maintains the anteversion of the uterus (a position where the fundus of
the uterus is turned forward at the junction of cervix and vagina) during pregnancy?
cardinal ligament
round ligament
broad ligament
suspensory ligament the ovary
uterosacral ligament

What is the name of the fold of peritoneum that extends out from the ovary to the wall
of the pelvis?
Round ligament of uterus
Mesentery of the fallopian tube
Suspensory ligament of the ovary, also infundibulopelvic ligament
Cardinal ligament, also infundibulopelvic ligament
Broad ligament

What is the primary female sexual organ?

Uterus
Ovary
 41

Cervix
Vagina
Fallopian tube

Ovarium has extremitas: ______

Lateralis et medialis
Libera et mesoovarica
Anterior et posterior
Superior et inferior
Uterina et tubaria

Where are folliculi ovarici located?

Medulla ovarii
Cortex ovarii
Hilum ovarii
Mesoovarium

In the ovarium progesterone is produced by the ____________

Corpus albicans
Corpus luteum
Medulla ovarii
Folliculi ovarici primarii
Tunica albuginea

Tuba uterine has ______________

Ostium abdominale et ostium uterinum
Ostium externum et ostium internum
Ostium internum et ostium ovaricum
Ostium ovaricum
Ostium externum

What is the most medial part of the fallopian tubes?

Fimbriae
Ampulla
Isthmus
Infundibulim
Corpus

Finger-like, ciliated projections which capture the ovum from the surface of the ovary
are ________
Apex
Fimbriae
Infundibulum
Ampulla
Isthmus
 42

It is the widest section of the uterine tubes. Fertilization usually occurs here. What is it?
Apex
Fimbriae
Infundibulum
Ampulla
Isthmus

What is the narrow section of the uterine tubes connected to the ampulla and to the
uterine cavity?
Apex
Fimbriae
Infundibulum
Ampulla
Isthmus

What layer is absent in the tuba uterina?

Tela subserosa
Tela submucosa
Stratum longitudinale internum
Stratum longitudinale externum
Stratum obliquum

Tuba uterina is fixed by the mesoovarium of the _______________

Fascia pelvina
Ligamentum teres uteri
Cervix uteri
Ligamentum latum uteri

What are the parts of uterus?

Fundus, corpus, cauda
Fundus, corpus, cervix, isthmus
Corpus, cervix, isthmus, basis
Corpus, cervix, cauda
Corpus, fundus, cervix, cauda

What are the parts of the tuba uterina?

Isthmus, pars uterine, pars ovarica, ampulla
Uterina, ovarica, ampulla, isthmus
Uterina, isthmus, cervix, infundibulum
Uterina, isthmus, ampulla, infundibulum
Infundibulum, uterina, ampulla, cervix

What are the parts of the cervix uteri?

Uterina, vaginalis
 43

Uterina, supravaginalis
Supravaginalis, vaginalis
Supravaginalis, anterior
Supravaginalis, posterior

What are the facies of the Ovarium?

Libera, mesoovaricum
Tubaria, uterina
Libera, uterina
Anterior, posterior
Medialis, lateralis

What are the coverings of the uterine walls?

Mucosa, muscularis, serosa
Adventitia, muscularis, mucosa
Serosa, submucosa, muscularis
Muscularis, mucosa, adventitia
Muscularis, mucosa, submucosa

What is the ligament that extends from the ovary to the fundus of the uterus?
Ligamentum latum
Ligamentum proprium
Ligamentum suspensorium
Ligamentum teres

What is the fold of peritoneum that extends from the mesovarium to the pelvic wall and
contains neurovascular structures?
Ligamentum teres
Ligamentum ovary
Ligamentum suspensorium
Ligamentum proprium
Ligamentum latum

Which of the following correctly describes the medulla of the ovary?

A layer formed by simple cuboidal epithelium
Formed of supporting stroma and a rich neurovascular network
An oocyte surrounded by a single layer of follicular cells
Supports thousands of follicles

Which of the following describes polycystic ovaries?

Hormone dysfunction and multiple ovarian cysts, associated with infertility
Fluid filled masses that can develop in the ovary
A usually benign tumor formed from germ cells
A cancer derived from the ovarian epithelium
Inflammation of the ovary
 44

Which ligament extends from the ovary to the fundus of the uterus?
Suspensory ligament of ovary
Round ligament
Uterosacral ligament
Ovarian ligament

What is the uterine position accordingly to the peritoneum?

Extraperitoneally
Cover by embryonic epithelium
Without peritoneal covering
Mesoperitoneally
Intraperitoneally

What limits ostium uteri?

Labium anterius et posterius
Fornix vaginae
Clitoris
Lbium minus pudenda
Plicae palmatae

What part of the uterus does have plicae (folds)?

Facies vesicalis corpus
Facies intestinalis
Cervix uteri
Fundus uteri
Corpus et cervix

Which of the following structures is located laterally to the uterus?

Uterine tubes
Vagina
Rectum
Bladder
Ureters

Which of the following structures is found anteriorly to the vagina?

Rectum
Ureter
Urinary bladder
Uterine artery
Fallopian tubes

Where do Bartolini glands open to?

vagina
parametrium
 45

perimetrium
mons pubis
vestibule

What does separate the lobes of the mammary gland?

Suspensory ligament
Adipose tissue
Areola
Lactiferous sinus
Pectoral fascia

Choose the muscles under the breasts.

Rectus abdominus, serratus anterior
Pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, trapezius
Pectoralis major, rectus abdominus, abdominal oblique
Pectoralis major, serratus anterior, abdominal oblique
Pectoralis minor, serratus anterior, abdominal oblique

What are the primary male sexual organs?

Testis
Testis and Epididymis
Testis, Epididymis, Prostate
Testis, Epididymis, Prostate, Seminal gland
Prostate and Seminal gland

What is the inner layer of the testis tunica?

Tunica vasculosa
Tunica albuginea
Tunica vaginalis: the visceral layer
Tunica vaginalis: the parietal layer
Epididymis

Choose the correct sequence of anatomical structures which leads spermatic cells out of
testis.
seminiferous tubule, rete testes, efferent ductules, straight tubule, lobules of epididymis,
ductus deferens
seminiferous tubule, straight tubule, rete testes, lobules of epididymis, efferent ductules,
ductus deferens
seminiferous tubule, straight tubule, rete testes, efferent ductules, lobules of epididymis,
ductus deferens
seminiferous tubule, straight tubule, rete testes, lobules of epididymis, ductus deferens

Testis has surfaces (facies):

Anterior, posterior
Superior, inferior
 46

Medial, lateral
Cranial, caudal
Ventral, dorsal

Testicle (testis) has extremities

Anterior, posterior
Superior, inferior
Medial, lateral
Ventral, dorsal

Testicle (testis) has borders (margo)

Anterior, posterior
Superior, inferior,
Medial, lateral
Cranial, caudal

Extends of tunica albuginea in parenchyma of testis are

Tubuli seminiferi recti
Tubuli seminiferi contorti
Mediastinum, septae

Parenchyma of testis consists of:

Lobules
Lobes
Rete
Mediastinum

Where are interstitial cells (of Leydig) located?

Into mediastinum
Between the seminiferous tubules
Into rete testis
In ductuli efferentes
In ductus deferens

Where does straight seminiferous tubule opened?

Between the seminiferous tubules
In ductuli efferentes
In ductus deferens
Into rete testis in the mediastinum.

What does carry the sperm from the testis to the head of the epididymis?
Tubuli seminiferi contorti
Tubuli seminiferi recti
Rete testis
Ductuli efferentes testis
 47

Where is epididymis?
Anterior margin of the testis
Medial surface of the testis
Lateral surface of the testis
Posterior margin of the testis

What does epididymis consist of:

Body, neck, head
Head, body, tail
Body, glans, tail
Body, neck, head, tail

The tail of epididymis is continuous with the:

Spermatic cord
ductus ejaculatorius
ductus excretorius
ductus epididymis
ductus deferens

Ductus deferens conveys sperm cells from the epididymis to the___

Spermatic cord
ductus ejaculatorius
ductus excretorius
ductus epididymis
ductus deferens

Portions of the ductus deferens are:

funicularis, inguinalis, pelvina
testicularis, funicularis, inguinalis, pelvina
testicularis, funicularis, inguinalis, abdominalis
vaginalis, funicularis, inguinalis, abdominalis

The distal part of vas deferens is:

tail of vas deferens
ampulla of vas deferens
head of vas deferens
body of vas deferens

The wall of the ductus deferens is composed of layers:

tunica mucosa, muscularis, serosa
tunica mucosa, muscularis, adventitia
tunica albuginea, muscularis, adventitia

What does spermatic cord (funiculus spermaticus) consist of?

 48

ductus deferens, vessels, nerves, cremaster muscle

ductus epididymis, vessels, nerves, cremaster muscle
ductus efferens, vessels, nerves, cremaster muscle
ductus ejaculatorius, vessels, nerves, cremaster muscle

Where does spermatic cord (funiculus spermaticus) is situated?

Between the anterior margin of the testis and the deep inguinal ring
Between the posterior margin of the testis and the superficial inguinal ring
Between the posterior margin of the testis and the deep inguinal ring

How many lobes the prostate gland has?

1
2
3
4
7

Where does the prostatic duct open?

Into the ductus excretory
Into the urethra
Into the ductus ejaculatory
Into the ductus deferens
Into the ductus efferent

Where does the bulbourethral duct open?

Into the ductus excretory
Into the urethra
Into the ductus ejaculatory
Into the ductus deferens
Into the ductus efferent

Ejaculatory duct is formed by union of:

vas deferens and efferent duct
vas deferens and excretory duct
vas deferens and ductus epididymis

What are the main parts of the penis?

two corpora spongiosa and the corpus cavernosus, urethra
two corpora cavernosa and the corpus spongiosum, urethra
two corpora cavernosa and the corpus spongiosum

What is NOT the portion of the penis?

radix
corpus
cervix
 49

glans

Where are the testes originally located during embryonic development?

Posterior abdominal wall
Anterior abdominal wall
Inguinal canal
Scrotum
Inguinal canal or Scrotum

Funiculus spermaticus has all these coverings except

Tunica vaginalis testis
Tunica dartos
Fascia spermatica interna
Fascia spermatica externa
Fascia cremasterica

The testicles are surrounded by...?

Epididymis
Scrotum
Ductus deferens
Collecting tubules

Which type of tissue supports seminiferous tubules?

epithelial tissue
nerve tissue
interstitial tissue
connective tissue

The spermatic cord consists of all the following except ______________

Arteries and veins for testes
Skene gland
Cremaster muscle
Pampiniform venous plexus

Where is a sinus of epididymis situated?

Between testicle and head of epididymis
Between testicle and neck of epididymis
Between testicle and tail of epididymis
Between testicle and body of epididymis
Inside testicle

What ligament arises from the pubic symphysis in males?

Fungiform ligament
Broad ligament
Suspensory ligament
 50

Ejaculatory ligament
Perineum ligament

Which of the following is not a portion of excretory genital duct?

Ductus ejaculatorius
Vas deferens
Deferent duct
Tubuli recti
Ductus epididymis

Which one moves sperm from epididymis to the ejaculatory duct?

Ductus deferens
Ductus efferens
Urethra
Prostate
None of above

Which one produces a nutrient secretion for spermatic cells?

seminal vesicles
ductus efferens
vas deferens
bladder
epididymis

Which one is correct about the seminal vesicles?

they are parenchymatic organs
located anteriorly to the bladder
located in the scrotum
located at the terminal part of ejaculatory ducts
located at terminal part of vas deferens

The erectile tissue of the penis is ____________________

corpora cavernosa
corpus callosum
corpus spongiosum
tunica vaginalis interna
tunica vasculosa

The layers around the testis from superficial to deep are _______________
skin, dartos fascia, external spermatic fascia, cremaster muscle, internal spermatic
fascia, tunica vaginalis, tunica albuginea
skin, cremaster muscle, superficial fascia, dartos fascia, tunica vaginalis, tunica
albuginea
skin, superficial fascia, dartos muscle, cremaster muscle, tunica vaginalis, tunica
albuginea
 51

skin, dartos muscle, superficial fascia, cremaster muscle, tunica albuginea, tunica
vaginalis

In male, the urethra passes through in ___________________

corpus spongiosum
corpus cavernosum
corpus callosum
tunica vaginalis externa

Which muscle cause wrinkling the skin of scrotum?

cremaster
dartos
bulbospongiosus
levator ani

Which muscle is responsible to move the testis to regulate the temperature?

dartos
ischiocavernosus
cremaster
levator ani

Which layer is not part of the uterus wall?

endometrium
parametrium
myometrium
perimetrium

All the following about uterine tube is correct except _______________

The uterine tube is a pair organ.
Uterine tube is situated in area of inferior margin of ligamentum latum uteri
Length of each tube is 8-18 cm
Uterine tube consists of 4 parts

Choose the correct sequence (from distal end to uterus):

fimbriae, infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus
infundibulum, fimbriae, ampulla, isthmus
isthmus, ampulla, fimbriae, infundibulum
ampulla, infundibulum, infundibulum, isthmus
infundibulum, isthmus, ampulla, fimbriae

Which part of uterine tube is a place for fertilization?

Ampulla
Infundibulum
Isthmus
Infundibulum or isthmus
 52

Fimbriae

The broad ligaments attached the uterus to the ___________ pelvic wall(s).
Lateral
Superior
Superior and inferior
Posterior
Medial

Which ligament contains vessels and nerves and attaches to uterus and inguinal canal?
Round ligament of uterus
Suspensory ligament
Uterosacral ligament
Cardinal ligament

Which ligament attached to vagina and cervical part of uterus?

Cardinal ligament
Suspensory ligament
Ovarian ligament
Uterosacral ligament

What is the layer extending into the parenchyma of testis, creating septae between
seminiferous tubules?
Fascia spermatica interna
Tunica vasculosa
Tunica vaginalis
Tunica albuginea
Tunica dactos

What does form the septae testis?

tunica albuginea
tunica vasculosa
tunica vaginalis
tunica dartos
fascia spermatica externa

What are the parts of the Epididymis?

caput epididymidis, cervix epididymis, corpus epididymidis, cauda epididymidis
caput epididymidis, corpus epididymidis, cauda epididymidis, sinus epididymidis
caput epididymidis, corpus epididymidis, cauda epididymidis
caput epididymidis, cervix epididymis, corpus epididymidis

Where does ductuli prostaticae open?

Glans penis
Pars prostatica urethrae
 53

Pars membranacea urethrae

Utriculus prostaticus
Bulbus penis
 54

Lymphatic system
What is the difference between lymphatic capillaries and lymphatic vessels?
Diameter
Length
Amount
Wall structure
Type of branching

What organ is lack by lymphatic capillaries?

Hepar
Cutis
Encephalon
Musculi
All organs

Lymphatic system is developed from the ____________

Ectoderm
Mesoderm and endoderm
Endoderm
Mesenchyme
Ectoderm and endoderm

From which organ lymph outflows directly to the thoracic duct (ductus thoracicus)?
Cor
Thymus
Esophagus
Ren
Larynx

How many lymphatic ducts in the human body?

2
6
11
3
7

What lymphatic vessel is the longest in the human body?

Truncus jugularis
Truncus bronchomediastinalis
Ductus thoracicus
Ductus lymphaticus dexter
Truncus subclavius

What is the name of initial part (segment) of the ductus thoracicus?

Cisterna chyli
 55

Cisterna minor
Cisterna major
Truncus lumbalis
Truncus intestinalis

Where is ductus thoracicus located?

Between pars thoracica aortae, esophagus, columna vertebralis
Between esophagus, nervus vagus, vena cava superior, pulmones
Between columna vertebralis, pulmones
Between pulmones
Between Vv. mediastinales

Where does ductus thoracicus flow into the left venous angle?
At the level of the III, IV, V thoracic vertebrae
At the level of the VI, VII thoracic vertebrae
At the level of the I thoracic vertebrae and VII, VI, V, IV, III cervical vertebrae
At the level of the I and II cervical vertebrae
At the level of the I and II lumbar vertebrae

Where is the most of lymph nodes located?

Head
Abdomen
Heart
Limbs
Legs

What is the type of lymphatic vessels that usually accompany arteries?

Deep vessels
Superficial vessels
Thoracic duct
Capillaries
Capillaries and superficial vessels

Right lymphatic duct collects lymph from _______________ of the body?

Upper left quadrant
Lower left quadrant
Upper right quadrant
Lower right quadrant

In the adolescent the thymus gland is involved in the development of which of the
following systems?
Nervous system
Vascular system
Immune system
Skeletal system
 56

Respiratory system

Which embryonic structure gives rise to the thymus gland?

Third pharyngeal arch
Third pharyngeal cleft
Third pharyngeal pouch
Fourth pharyngeal pouch
Fourth pharyngeal arch

The cortical portion of the thymus is composed mostly of _________________

Pneumocytes
Lymphocytes
Hepatocytes
Myocytes
Epitheliocytes

In which quadrant of the abdomen does the spleen lie?

Upper right quadrant
Lower right quadrant
Lower left quadrant
Upper left quadrant
Umbilical

What is the clinical significance of ‘vascular segments’ of the spleen?

Enables filtration of red blood cells
Isolates pathogens for cell-mediated immunity
Ensures rich arterial supply
Allows for subtotal splenectomy
Forms venous drainage

Some children have predominantly mouth breathing due to excessive proliferation of

lymphoid tissue. Because of proliferation of which structures is it possible?
Tonsils
Lingual tonsil
Tubal tonsils
Pharyngeal tonsil
Lymph nodes.

During the surgery on the removal of the appendix, a doctor found in its wall elements
that belong to the peripheral organs of the immune system. What kinds of elements are
these?
Iliac nodes
Single lymphoid nodules
Clusters of lymphoid nodules
Appendix nodes
 57

Nodi lymphatici paracolici

On examination of the oral cavity, doctor found swelling, redness of the palate between
arches. Which anatomical formation inflamed?
Tonsilla Tubaria
Tonsilla Palatine
Tonsilla Adenoidea
Tonsilla Pharyngea
Tonsilla Lingualis

During the examination of patient doctor found the hypertrophy and inflammation of
lymphoid tissue, swelling of the mucous membrane between arches of the soft palate.
Which tonsils normally are in this place?
Tonsilla tubaria
Tonsilla pharyngealis
Tonsilla palatine
Tonsilla lingualis
Tonsilla adenoidea

16-year old girl was diagnosed with the dysfunction of the immune system organ which
also belongs to the endocrine system. Choose the name of this organ.
lymph nodes
palatine tonsils
spleen
pituitary
thymus

A patient has a sore throat. An examination of the patient revealed hypertrophy of

lymphoid organ, located in fossa tonsillaris. What is this organ?
Tonsilla palatina
Tonsilla pharingea
Tonsilla tubaria
Tonsilla lingualis
Tonsilla adenoidea
 58

Endocrine system
What structure is located superiorly to the pituitary gland?
Sphenoid sinus
Cavernous sinus
Optic chiasm
Basilar artery
Infundibulum

What structure is located anteriorly to the pituitary gland?

Sphenoid sinus
Cavernous sinus
Optic chiasm
Basilar artery
Infundibulum

What structure is located posteriorly to the pituitary gland?

Sphenoid sinus
Cavernous sinus
Optic chiasm
Diaphragma sellae
Posterior intercavernous sinus

What structure does have a central opening to allow passage of the infundibulum?
Sphenoid sinus
Cavernous sinus
Optic chiasm
Diaphragma sellae
Posterior intercavernous sinus

Laboratory study of the 56-year old patient's blood showed increase in blood sugar.
Which endocrine gland is affected?
Glandula pineale
Glandula supratenalis
Glandula thyroidea
Glandula parathyroidea
Pancreas

In adult, calcium is frequently deposited in the epiphysis cerebri and then serves as a
landmark on an x-ray investigation of brain. Epiphysis cerebri (pineal body) belongs to:
Mesencephalon
Telencephalon
Myelencephalon
Metencephalon
Diencephalon
 59

A patient has Recklinghausen's disease which occurs in case of the parathyroid glands
hyperfunction. The examination revealed kidney stones, chest limbs, bone distortion,
missing teeth, spontaneous fractures often occur. The increased amount of which
hormone was detected in the plasma of the patient?
Triiodothyronine
Parathyrin
Calcitonin
Tetraiodothyronine
Thyrotropin

What structures are located superiorly to the pituitary gland?

Sphenoid sinus and infundibulum
Cavernous sinus and sphenoid sinus
Optic chiasm and diaphragma sellae
Infundibulum and diaphragma sellae
Cranial fossa and sphenoid sinus

What structure is located posteriorly to the pituitary gland?

Sphenoid sinus
Cavernous sinus
Optic chiasm
Dorsum sellae
Diaphragma sellae

What structure is located laterally to the pituitary gland?

Sphenoid sinus
Cavernous sinus
Optic chiasm
Basilar artery
Infundibulum

What structure can become compressed in a pituitary adenoma, leading to problems

with vision?
Basilar artery
Cavernous sinus
Optic chiasm
Pons
Infundibulum

During the extirpation of the lateral lobes of thyroid glands great care must be taken to
avoid removing of parathyroid glands, which are situated:
In front of lobes
Behind the lobes
Laterally from lobes
Medially from lobes
 60

Between the lobes

A patient came to the doctor with complaints of tremor of the fingers and the whole
body, muscle weakness, palpitations, sleep disorders, weight loss with increased
appetite. Symptoms of which gland's disorder are observed in the patient?
Pituitary
Pancreatic
Thyroid
Adrenal
Epiphysis

How is the pituitary gland accessed surgically?

Via the cavernous sinus
Via the sphenoid sinus
Via the optic chiasm
Via the infundibulum
Via the dorsum sellae (posterior wall of the sella turcica)

Which of the following structures is located inferiorly to the pituitary gland?

Sphenoid sinus
Cavernous sinus
Optic chiasm
Basilar artery
Infundibulum

What part of the pituitary gland is mainly responsible for hormone synthesis and
secretion?
Infundibulum
Hypothalamus
Pars tuberalis
Pars intermedia
Pars anterior

Patient with impaired respiratory function must undergo tracheostomy. We should

remember that the isthmus of the thyroid gland is often located at the level of the
following cartilaginous rings of the trachea:
II- IV
I-II
IV-V
V-VI
III-IV

Examination of the 27-year old male showed increase in the size of hand, foot and
lower jaw, deformity of the joints and spine, hormonal disorders (impotence, testicular
atrophy). What gland is damaged?
 61

anterior pituitary
adrenal glands
pineal body
thyroid gland
parathyroid glands
 Telegram channel:@Shevchenkochannel
1. The patient has applied to traumatologist with the trauma of shoulder. What wall of the axillary
cavity has trilaterum and quadrilaterum openings?

a)anterior

+b)posterior

c)lateral

d)medial

e)intermediana

2. The patient has applied to traumatologist with trauma of leg, which he got on sporting
competition. At examination it was set the damage of posterior muscle, tendon of which is attached to
calcaneus. This is:

+a)triceps surae

b)tibialis posterior

c)popliteus

d)fibularis longus

e)fibularis brevis

3. During the operation (cesarean section), was made the sectionon in the pubic area, the vagina
of rectus abdominis muscle was cated. What does consis the anterior wall of the vaginaof rectus
abdominis muscle?

A. Aponeurosis m. transversi abdominis, m. obliquus internus abdominis.

B. Aponeurosis m. transversi abdominis, m. pyramidalis.

+C. Aponeurosis m. obliqui internus abdominis, m. obliquus externus abdominis.

D. Aponeurosis m. transversi abdominis, m. obliquus externus abdominis.

E. Aponeurosis m. transversi abdominis, m. obliquus internus abdominis

4. A 30 years old woman complained of pain in the lower part of the forearm. Traumatologist
diagnosed damage of radio-carpal joint. This joint is:

+A.Complex, ellipsoid

B.Simple, ellipsoid

C.Complex, cylindrical

D.Simple, cylindrical
E.Complex condylar

5. A woman was brought by an ambulance to the emergency department with a trauma of the
cervical region of the vertebral column. The radiologist diagnosed the fracture of nonbifid spinous
processes of the cervical vertebrae. The spinous process of which cervical vertebra is fractured?

A.VI.

+B. VII.

C. III.

D. IV.

E. V.

6. A 5 years old child who is diagnosed with severe diphtheria was hospitalized in the infectious
department. To prevent suffocation child had the tracheostomy. In which triangle of the neck the
operation was performed?

+A.Omotracheale

B.Caroticum

C.Omoclaviculare

D.Submandibulare

E.Omotrapezoideum

7. To the hospital applied a man with the fracture of the upper third of the humerus with a
displacement of fragments, as a result blood vessels and nerves that pass through foramen
quadrilaterum of the posterior wall of the axillary cavity, were damaged. What structure limits the
foramen quadrilaterum?

A. ?. teres major, m. latissimus dorsi, m. biceps brachii, m. brachialis.

B. M. teres major, m teres minor, m. triceps brachii, m. brachialis.

C. M. latissimus dorsi, m. infraspinatus, m. coracobrachialis, m. brachialis.

+D. M. teres major, m. teres minor, m. triceps brachii, os humeri.

E. M. teres major, m. biceps brachii, os humeri, m. brachialis.

8. A surgeon must amputate a gangrenous part of the foot at Chopart joint in a patient. Which of
the following ligaments is a key for this operation?

a)lig.laterale

b)lig.mediale (deltoideum)

+c)lig.bifurcatum

d)lig.plantare longum
e)lig.collaterale

9. A patient was the trauma of hip region and the fracture of os ilium in the area of spina iliaca
anterior inferior. Also were injured fibers of ligament of the hip joint. Fibres of which ligament were
damaged?

A.Lig. capitis femoris.

B.Zona orbicularis.

C.Lig.transversum acetabuli.

+D.Lig. iliofemorale.

E.Lig. ischiofemorale.

10. In surgical delivered was taken a man with a deep sliver of the I intercarpal space. It is
discovered a damage of m. adductor pollicis. Which function is broken?

+A.Adductio

B.Flexio

C.Abductio

D.Extensio

E.Rotatio

11. Because of fall, a patient got a fracture of upper part of the humerus. One of the back muscle is
dysfunctional, this muscle is attached to the crista tuberculi minoris ossis humeri. What muscle is
damaged?

A. M. trapezius.

B. M. rhomboideus major.

C. M. rhomboideus minor.

+D. M. latissimus dorsi.

E. M. serratus posterior superior.

12. After a chest trauma in a patient appears a pain during the breathing, especially during
expiration. What muscle does depress ribs and take part in expiration?

A. M latissimus dorsi.

+B. M. serratus posterior inferior.

C. M. rhomboideus major.

D. M. trapezius.

E. M. serratus posterior superior.

13. During the examination of a patient, 25 years old, was found a hematoma of the soft tissue of
the medial wall of the axillary fossa. What the muscle of the chest forms the medial wall of the axillary
fossa?

A. M. pectoralis minor.

B. M. pectoralis major.

C. M. serratus posterior superior.

D. M. serratus posterior inferior.

+E. M. serratus anterior

14. A 40 years old patient felt a pain after a fall. The doctor found a broken rib, which doesn’t have
articular surface on tuberculum costae. What rib was damaged?

A. V.

+B. XII.

C. VII.

D. X.

E. III.

15. A patient’s movement was limited after falling straight on his feet. The patient feels instability in
the joint and (uncertainty and strangulation)? What structures of the knee joint were damaged?

+A.medial meniscus

B.lateral meniscus

C.anterior crucial ligament

D.posterior crucial ligament

E.ligament of the head of a femur

16. A patient suffering from an intra-articular fracture of the femoral neck. Asymmetry of the head
of the femur is observed. Which structure is damaged?

+A.Ligamentum capitis femoris

B.Zona orbicullaris

C.Nervus femoralis

D.Nervus obturatorius

E.Arteria obturatoria
17. During the final game a basketball player injured his right leg, after this injury it was impossible
to bend the right foot. The team’s doctor found that the tendon was damaged. The tendon of which
muscle is damaged?

+A.Musculus triceps surae (Achilles' tendon)

B.Musculus extensor policis longus

C.Musculus tibialis anterior

D.Musculus biceps femoris

E.Musculus gracilis

18. A man, in working conditions, got an injury of the femoral nerve, which runs in the lacuna
musculorum. What structures do limit lacuna musculorum?

A. Lig. inquinale, lig lacunare, os pubis.

B. Lig. inquinale, lig. lacunare, lig. Pectineale

+C. Lig. inquinale, os ilium, arcus ileopectineus.

D. Lig. inquinale, os ilium, lig. pectineale.

E. Lig. inquinale, arcus ileopectineus, os pubis.

19. The doctor suggested the stimulating of reflex zones which are located in the skin projection of
the unpaired notch of the sternum for a patient in case of breathlessness during asthma attacks.Which
sternal notch is unpaired?

A. Incisura costalis I.

B. Incisura costalis II.

+C. Incisura jugularis.

D. Incisura clavicularis.

E. Incisura costalis VII.

20. A child 5-year-old suffers on deformation of the neck. At clinical inspection, it is set: inclination
of the head to the left, turn of face to the right, the passive motion of the head to the right is limited. Of
what muscle does shortening take place?

a)trapezius

b)longus colli

c)splenius capitis

+d)sternocleidomastoideus

e)splenius cervicis
21. As a result of the fracture of the tibia the anterior group of muscles of the lower leg was
damaged. The function of which muscle may be affected?

+A.M.extensor hallucis longus.

B.M.flexor digitorum longus.

C.M. fibularis longus.

D.M. soleus.

E.M.extensor digitorum brevis

22. During an examination of the patient's facial expressions was revealed that he can not put his
lips in tube form, can’t whistle, the corners of the mouth do not rise up during laughing and the oral
cleft is stretched sideways (transverse smile). The patient suffers from myopathy - degenerative
hereditary disease with dystrophic muscle lesions. Atrophy of which muscle causes these symptoms?

+A.Musculus orbicularis oris

B.Musculus zygomaticus major

C.Platizma

D.Musculus risorius

E.Musculus masseter

23. Because of fall, a patient goes a fracture of upper part of the humerus. One of the back muscle is
dysfunctional, this muscle is attached to the crista tuberculi minoris ossis humeri. What muscle is
damaged?

A. M. trapezius.

B. M. rhomboideus major.

C. M. rhomboideus minor.

+D. M. latissimus dorsi.

E. M. serratus posterior superior.

24. In a patient was diagnosed the oblique inguinal hernia, which came out of the inguinal canal.
What structure does form the inferior wall of the inguinal canal?

A. Ligamentum lacunare.

+B. Ligamentum inguinale.

C. Fascia transversalis.

D. M. transversus abdominis.

E. Aponeurosis of m. obliqui externus abdominis.

25. In the dental practice, there are incidents with the breach of outflow of secret of the parotid
salivary gland through its excretory duct. Through what the muscle does run this duct?

A.M. masseter

B.M. orbicularis oris

C.M. zygomaticus major

D.M. zygomaticus minor

+E.M. buccinator

26. As a result of the accident, in a patient appeared a pain and swelling in the front ankle area, the
supination of the foot is impossible, the dorsal flexion is limited. The function of which leg muscle is the
most likely affected?

A. M. flexor digitorum longus.

+B. M. tibialis anterior.

C. M. flexor hallucis longus

D. M. fibularis longus.

E. M. fibularis brevis

27. In the young man, the humerus is broken in the area of crista tuberculi majoris. Movements are
limited. What muscle is attached to cristae tuberculi majoris humeri?

+A. M. pectoralis major

B. ?. pectoralis minor.

C. M. serratus anterior.

D. M. subclavius.

E. M. transversus thoracis.

28. A sportsman has got a trauma of the joint of the lower limb and was admitted to the hospital.
The articulatio tarsi transversa is composed of:

a)art.talonavicularis and art.talocruralis

b)art.calcaneocuboidea and art.subtalaris

+c)art.calcaneocuboidea and art.talonavicularis

d)art.talonavicularis and art.cuneonavicularis

e) art.talonavicularis and art.talonavicularis

29. A patient was admitted to the hospital with a joint pain. A cruciate ligaments are characteristic
of:
a)elbow joint

+b)knee joint

c)hip joint

d)shoulder joint

e)wrist joint

30. During the operation (cesarean section), was made the section on in the pubic area, the vagina
of rectus abdominis muscle was cut. What does consist the anterior wall of the vagina of rectus
abdominis muscle?

+A. Aponeurosis m. transversi abdominis, m. obliquus externus and internus abdominis.

B. Aponeurosis m. transversi abdominis, m. pyramidalis.

C. Aponeurosis m. obliqui internus abdominis, m. obliquus externus abdominis.

D. Aponeurosis m. transversi abdominis, m. obliquus externus abdominis.

E. Aponeurosis m. transversi abdominis, m. obliquus internus abdominis

31. A newborn has a defect in a median splitting the lower jaw. Nonunion of which processe can
cause such anomalies?

+A. Mandibularis

B. Maxillaris

C. Palatinus

D. Fr?ntalis

E. Zygomaticus

32. A man went to the hospital with a brain injury. The doctor found a fracture in the skull. The line
of fracture passes through linea nuchae superior. Which bone was injured?

A.os frontale

+B. os occipitale

C. os parietale

D. os temporale

E. os ethmoidale

33. After injury a boy has a fracture of the patella. The function of which muscle will be broken?

A. M. sartorius.

B. M. biceps femoris.
+C. M. quadriceps femoris.

D. M. semitendinosus.

E. M. semimembranosus.

34. At the soccer match, a player has got a trauma of the chest. Synchondroses are a type of:
a)fibrous articulation

b)synovial articulation

+c)cartilaginous articulation

d)sutura

e) gomphosis

35. A 30 years old man went to the dentist complaining of chewing disorders, he suffers from pain
in the jaw during retraction. The doctor found inflammation of one of the chewing muscles. Which
musle?

+A.Musculus temporalis (posterior part)

B.Musculus temporalis (anterior part)

C.Medial pterygium

D.Lateral pterygium

E.Masetter

36. In the case of injury of the pelvic region, the patient’s X-ray revealed necrosis of the head of
the femoral bone. Which ligament of the hip joint was damaged during the injury? +A.Ligamentum
capitis femoris

B.Ligamentum ilio-femoralis

C.Ligamentum pubo-femoralis

D.Ligamentum ischio-femoralis

E.Zona orbicullaris

37. In a girl with the long-term inflammation of the mucosa of the nasal cavity appeared symptoms
of inflammation of the sphenoid sinus. Through which structure spread the infection from the nasal
cavity to the sinus?

+A.Recessus sphenoethmoidalis.

B.Foramen sphenopalatinum

C.Foramen ovale

D.Foramen sinus sphenoidalis

E.Foramen rotundum

38. The patient needs the catheterization and injection of medicine into the subclavian vein. The
catheter is situated in the area of trigonum clavipectorale. What structures do limit it?

+A. Clavicula and superior border of musculus pectoralis minor.

B. Clavicula and inferior border of musculus pectoralis minor.

C. Clavicula and superior border of musculus pectoralis major.

D. Inferior and superior borders of musculus pectoralis minor.

E. Inferior border of musculus pectoralis major and inferior border of musculus pectoralis minor

39. An athlete felt pain along the sciatic nerve due to the compression of the muscle that goes
through the incisura ischiadiaca major. Which muscle was injured during exercise? +A.Musculus
piriformis

B.Musculus gluteus medius

C.Musculus obturatorius internus

D.Musculus obturatorius externus

E.Musculus quadratus lumborum

40. The victim injured his face and the outer surface of the temporal region, this injury caused the
fracture of the zygomatic arch. Which processes of skull bones were broken?

+A. Temporal process of the zygomatic bone and zygomatic process of the temporal bone

B. Temporal process of the frontal bone and zygomatic process of the temporal bone

C. Temporal process of the zygomatic bone and zygomatic process of the frontal bone

D. Zygomatic process of the maxilla and zygomatic process of the temporal bone

E. Zygomatic process of the maxilla and zygomatic process of the frontal bone

41. A 35 years old man, in working conditions, received a cut wound in the area of thumb on the
palmar surface. It is discovered the limitation of abduction of the thumb. The function of which muscle
is damaged?

A. ?. opponens pollicis.

B. ?. palmaris brevis.

+C. ?. abductor pollicis brevis.

D. M. flexor pollicis brevis.

E. M. adductor pollicis.
42. As a result of the fracture of the tibia, the anterior group of muscles of the lower leg was
damaged. The function of which muscle may be affected?

+A.M.extensor hallucis longus.

B.M.flexor digitorum longus.

C.M. fibularis longus.

D.M. soleus.

E.M.extensor digitorum brevis

43. A purulent process was spread from fossa canina to the soft tissues of orbit. Through which
anatomical structure did the purulence get into orbit?

A.Canalis nasolacrimalis

B.Foramen zygomaticoorbitale

C.Foramen zygomaticofaciale

+D.Canalis infraorbitale

E.Foramen zygomaticotemporale

44. As a result of the accident in a patient appeared a pain and swelling in the front ankle area, the
supination of the foot is impossible, the dorsal flexion is limited. The function of which leg muscle is the
most likely affected?

A. M. flexor digitorum longus.

+B. M. tibialis anterior.

C. M. flexor hallucis longus

D. M. fibularis longus.

E. M. fibularis brevis

45. A 40 years old man was taken to hospital with a sliver of the lower third of the front of the
shoulder area. He has a limitation of flexion in the shoulder and elbow joints. Damage of which muscle
led to these disorders?

A. ?. anconeus.

B. ?. brachialis.

C. ?. coracobrachialis.

D. M. triceps brachii.

+E. ?. biceps brachii

46. The patient has applied to traumatologist with the trauma of arm, which he got on sporting
competition. A joint having two degrees of freedom is:

a)hinge

b)pivot

+c)ellipsoidal

d)cup-shaped

e)gliding

47. A man at work received a cut wound in the lateral margin of the palmar surface of the hand. The
doctor discovered limitation of the thumb abduction. The function of which muscle is damaged?

+A.Musculus abductor policis brevis

B.Musculus opponens

C.Musculus abductor policis

D.Musculus palmaris brevis

E.Musculi lubricales

48. After an injury, the branches of the carotid artery started bleeding. For temporary stoppage of
bleeding, the carotid artery should be pressed to the tubercle of the transverse processes of one of the
cervical vertebras. Which vertebrae exactly?

+A.VI

B.V

C.IV

D.III

E.II

49. A surgeon, during the operation of a woman with a tumor of the hard palate, removed the
tumor, with a part of the upper jaw, which takes part in the formation of a bone palate. Which part of
palate bone was removed?

A.Corpus

B. Processus frontalis

C. Processus zygomaticus

+D. Processus palatinus

E.Processus alveollaris
50. In surgical delivered was taken a man with a deep sliver of the I intercarpal space. It is
discovered a damage of m. adductor pollicis. Which function is broken?

+A.Adductio

B.Flexio

C.Abductio

D.Extensio

E.Rotatio

51. In the young man, the humerus is broken in the area of crista tuberculi majoris. Movements are
limited. What muscle is attached to cristae tuberculi majoris humeri?

+A. M. pectoralis major

B. ?. pectoralis minor.

C. M. serratus anterior.

D. M. subclavius.

E. M. transversus thoracis.

52. In the hospital delivered the baby with a slide of the right foot. During the surgical treatment of
the wound, the doctor found a gap of muscle tendon in the projected of os cuboideum. The patient has
the limitation of elevation of the lateral edge of the foot. The function of which muscle is broken?

A. M. triceps surae.

B. M. tibialis anterior.

+C. M. extensor digitorum longus.

D. M quadriceps femoris.

E. M. peroneus

53. During the examination of a 2 years old boy, the ophthalmologist found the breach of outflow of
tears to meatus nasi inferior . Through which structure does communicate orbit with nasal cavity?

+A. Nasal-Lacrimal canal.

B. Anterior ethmoid foramen.

C. Superiorr orbital fissure.

D. Inferior orbital fissure.

E. Optic canal.
54. An ambulance brought a 8 months old baby with the injury of the head in the anterior fontanel
region. The X-ray found the damage of bone which limits this fontanel in front. What bone was
damaged?

+A. Os frontale

B. Maxilla

C. Os zygomaticus

D. Os lacrimale

E. Os palatinum

55. During the examination of a 6-month child, the doctor found that the posterior fontanel is not
closed. At what age it must be closed in the case of normal development of the child? +A.Up to 3
months

B.Up to 1 months

C.Up to 6 months

D.Up to 12 months

E.Up to 24 months

56. A patient was admitted to the hospital with a pain in the region of the knee joint. A canal
leading from thigh to popliteal fossa is:

a)cruropopliteal

+b)adductor

c)musculoperoneus superior

d)musculoperoneus inferior e)lateral

57. After an injury, a boy has a fracture of the patella. The function of which muscle will be broken?

A. M. sartorius.

B. M. biceps femoris.

+C. M. quadriceps femoris.

D. M. semitendinosus.

E. M. semimembranosus.

58. During writing the medical history of a patient, the doctor noted that the trauma is located in
the submandibular triangle. Which of the following anatomical structures border this area?

+A.Inferior border of the mandible

B.Midline of the neck

C.?.sternocleidomastoideus

D.?.trapezius

E.?.omohyoideus

59. The patient has applied to traumatologist with the trauma of upper limb, which he got on
sporting competition. A joint that has but one degree of freedom is:

a)saddle

+b)pivot

c)ellipsoidal

d)plane e)ball-and-socket

60. In a patient, the upper displacement is marked of acromial end of the clavicle. What ligaments
are torn?

a)anterior sternoclavicular, posterior sternoclavicular

b)costoslavicular, interclavicular

+c)coracoclavicular, acromioclavicular

d)acromioclavicular, costoclavicular

e) costoslavicular, acromioclavicular

61. A patient was admitted to the hospital with a pain in a shoulder joint. When in anatomical
position, the subscapular fossa faces:

+a)anteriorly

b)posteriorly

c)medially

d)laterally

62. During childbirth, the head of a fetus was stopped at the entrance to a lesser pelvis. What
structures forms boundary line that divides the pelvis?

+A. Lin?a arcuata, sulcus limitans, promontorium.

B.Linia arcuata, promontorium, margo inferius symphysis pubis.

C. Linia arcuata, promontorium, margo superius symphysis pubis.

D. Lin?a arcuata, symphysis pubis, basis ossis sacri.

E. Cornu sacrale, linia arcuata.

63. A 45 years old woman was taken to hospital with purulent inflammation of the tympanic cavity.
Before that, there was inflammation of the nasal cavity and throat, which then spreaded to the
tympanic cavity through the auditory tube. Via which topographical formation of the base of fornix of
the skull the infectious process got into the tympanic cavity?

A. Canalis caroticus

B. Canaliculus tympanicus

+C. Canalis musculo-tubaris

D. Canaliculus chordae tympani

E. Canalis facialis

64. A patient was admitted to the hospital with acute pain in the gluteal area. A muscle dividing the
foramen ischiadicum majus into upper and lower parts is:

a)quadratus femoris

+b)piriformis

c)obturatorius externus

d)obturatorius internus

e)gemelli

65. The patient (man 35-years-old) with the trauma of back has applied to traumatology. Cervical
vertebrae are distinguished by the presence of

+a)transverse foramina

b)round vertebral foramen

c)fovea

d)auricular surfaces

e)bifida process

66. A patient was diagnosed with abscess of the neck (purulent inflammation), which is located
above manubrium sterni. Which interfascial space the surgeon must cut and drain?

A.Spatium pretracheale

B.Spatium previscerale

+C.Spatium interaponeuroticum suprasternale

D.Spatium retropharingeale

67. The patient can’t adduct the right scapula to the vertebral column. What muscle doesn’t provide
the function?
A. M. latissimus dorsi.

+B. M. rhomboideus major.

C. M. levator scapulae.

D. M. serratus posterior superior.

E. M. serratus posterior inferior.

68. The patient can’t adduct the right scapula to the vertebral columne. What muscle doesn’t
provide the function?

A. M. latissimus dorsi.

B. M. rhomboideus major.

C. M. levator scapulae.

D. M. serratus posterior superior.

+E. M. serratus posterior inferior.

69. In a patient, the stabbed wound of the anterior chest wall (closer to the sternum) was found.
The superficial muscles of the chest and membrana intercostalis externa are damaged. The continuation
of what the muscles of the chest are this membrane?

A. Mm. intercostales interni

B. Mm. levatores costarum.

+C. Mm. intercostales externi.

D. Mm. transversi thoracis.

E. Mm. subcostales.

70. A young man during active pulling up on cross beam experienced sharp pain in the back.
Objectively: pain at the attempts of motion by upper extremity; adduction and pronation of arm is
limited. Strain of what muscle most likely did happen?

a)rhomboideus major

b)trapezius

+c)latissimus dorsi

d)levator scapulae

e)erector spine

71. In a patient was found stabbed in the anterior chest wall (closer to the sternum). The superficial
muscles of the chest and membrana intercostalis externa are damaged. The continuation of what the
muscles of the chest is this membrane?
A. Mm. intercostales interni

B. Mm. levatores costarum.

+C. Mm. intercostales externi.

D. Mm. transversi thoracis.

E. Mm. subcostales.

72. A man, in working conditions, got an injury of the femoral nerve, which runs in the lacuna
musculorum. What structures do limit lacuna musculorum?

A. Lig. inquinale, lig lacunare, os pubis.

B. Lig. inquinale, lig. lacunare, lig. Pectineale

+C. Lig. inquinale, os ilium, arcus ileopectineus.

D. Lig. inquinale, os ilium, lig. pectineale.

E. Lig. inquinale, arcus ileopectineus, os pubis.

73. During physical exercise, a 15 years old student suddenly developed pain in the area of the hip
joint while inward rotating and abduction of the lower limb. A doctor found a damage of one of the
pelvic muscle, which tendon leaves the pelvis cavity through foramen ischiadicus major.Which muscle is
damaged?

A. M. obturatorius internus.

+B. M. piriformis.

C. M. gluteus medius.

D. M. obturatorius externus.

E. M. quadratus femoris.

74. Very ofter a cubital fossa is used for injections of medicine and venous blood sampling, it is
because of localization of ulnar vein directly under the skin. What structures do limit the cubital fossa?

+A. brachialis, m. brachioradialis, m. pronator teres.

B. M. biceps brachii, m. brachioradialis, m. pronator teres.

C. M. biceps brachii, m. brachioradialis, m. flexor carpi ulnaris.

D. M. biceps brachii, m. brachioradialis, m. flexor carpi radialis.

E. M. brachioradialis, m. pronator teres, m. flexor carpi ulnaris.

75. A 50 years old man was taken to hospital with acute pain in the abdomen. The patient needs
emergency surgery, during which the abdominal cavity must be widely open. In which place have to do
surgeon the section to avoid a large blood loss?
An On the lateral border of the rectus abdominis on the right site

B. Through the rectus abdominis

+C. Through the linea alba

D. Above the inguinal ligament on the right site.

E. Above the inguinal ligament on the left site.

76. A sportsman has got a trauma of the joint of forearm region and was admitted to the hospital. A
membrana interossea is characteristic of:

a)suture

b)synchondrosis

c)symphysis

+d)syndesmosis

e) gomphosis

77. A patient was admitted to the hospital with a pain in a joint. A fracture across the
intertrochanteric line would involve which bone?

a)ilium

+b)femur

c)tibia

d)fibula

e)patella

78. During the accident, the driver received numerous head injuries, including a fracture of the
zygomatic arch. The function of which muscle, that attaches to the zygomatic arch, will be broken?

+A. ?. masseter.

B. ?. orbicularis

C. ?. buccinator.

D. M. procerus.

E. ?. risorius

79. A patient appealed to the doctor with complaints about a limited movement of the mandible on
the right side. The function of which muscle is broken?

A.M. zygomaticus major

B.M. temporalis dexter

C.M. pterygoideus lateralis dexter

+D.M. pterygoideus lateralis sinister

E.M. masseter sinister

80. In a 37 years old patient after the ingress of foreign objects into the airways appeared a cough,
and then asthma. The tracheotomy was made on the neck, in the area which is limited by m.
omohyoideus venter superior, m. sternocleidomastoideus and median line of the neck. In which triangle
of the neck was operation done?

A. Trigonum caroticum.

+B. Trigonum omotracheale.

C. Trigonum submandibulare.

D. Trigonum omotrapezoideum.

E. Trigonum omoclaviculare.

81. As a result of an injury, a 34 years old patient is suffering from limited flexion of middle
phalanges of fingers 2-5 –of all fingers actually-. The function of which muscles is most likely to be
broken?

+A.m. flexor digitorum superficialis

B.m. flexor digitorum profundus

C.m. opponens policis, m. adductor policis

D.m. palmaris brevis, m. abductor digiti minimi

E.m. palmaris longus

82. A patient (baby 2-year-old) was admitted to the hospital with neurological symptoms with head
pain. Which is the most prominent of the six fontanels?

+a)anterior

b)posterior

c)anterolateral

d)posterolateral

e)dorsolateral

83. At the soccer match, a player has got a trauma of the joint. Which of the following statements
related to ligamentum capitis femoris are false?

a)it is intracapsular ligament

b)it contains arterial vessel supplying the head of femur

c)it extends from fossa acetabuli to fovea capitis femoris

+d)it supports the coxal joint

e) it is extracapsular ligament

84. The man 35-year-old with the trauma of left palm has applied to traumatology. It is set at
inspection: sword-cut of left palm, middle phalanges of 2-5 fingers cannot flex. Which structures were
injured?

a)lumbricales muscles

b)tendons of deep flexor digitorum

c)palmar interosseal muscles

+d)tendons of superficial flexor digitorum

85. At the soccer match, a player has got a trauma of the knee joint. At sciagram a fracture of bone
located within the tendon of quadriceps muscle is marked. What group does this bone belong to?

a)flat

+b)sesamoid

c)tubular

d)irregular

e)round

86. The patient needs the catheterization and injection of medicine into the subclavian vein. The
catheter is situated in the area of trigonum clavipectorale. What structures do limit it?

+A. Clavicula and superior border of musculus pectoralis minor.

B. Clavicula and inferior border of musculus pectoralis minor.

C. Clavicula and superior border of musculus pectoralis major.

D. Inferior and superior borders of musculus pectoralis minor.

E. Inferior border of musculus pectoralis major and inferior border of musculus pectoralis minor

87. A 40 years old woman appealed to the neurologist with complaints of pain and limitation of
movement in the lumbar region. The radiological findings revealed damage to the sacroiliac lumbar
connection. What processes of lumbar vertebrae the most likely to be damaged?

+A. The superior articular processes

B. The inferior articular processes

C. The superior and inferior articular processes

D.The superior articular and transverse processes

E. The inferior articular and transverse processes

88. During the operation on the diaphragma oris, the surgeon must detect the area of triangle
Pirogov. What structure does forms its upper border?

+A.N. hypoglossus

B.M. stylohyoideus

C.M. geniohyoideus

D.M. digastricus

E.M. mylohyoideus

89. A footballer visited the doctor complaining of sudden pain in the right knee during the game.
The examination showed displacement of the lateral meniscus. Which of the following structures is
most likely to be damaged?

+A. The transverse ligament

B. Anterior cruciate ligament and oblique ligament

C. Cruciate ligaments and ligament of the patella

D. Posterior cruciate ligament and oblique ligament

E. Cruciate ligament and collateral ligaments

90. A man came to the hospital with the trauma of the head. After the examination, the doctor
found the fracture of the facial bone of the skull. The fracture line passes through the condilar process.
What bone was injured?

A.Maxilla

+B.Mandibula

C.Os zygomaticus

D.Os lacrimale

E.Os palatinum

91. A patient was diagnosed with dislocation of the clavicle acromial end. A gap between ligaments
of the acromial-clavicular joint was found. Which ligaments were damaged? A.Ligg.collaterale tibiale et
fibulare

B.Ligg.collaterale ulnare et radiale

C.Ligg.sacrotuberale et sacrospinale

D.Ligg.cruciatum anterius et posterius

+E.Ligg.coracoclaviculare et acromioclaviculare
92. In the hospital came a 57 years old man with the injury of the head. After the examination, the
doctor found that the crack runs along the inferior surface of the temporal bone. What structure are
located on the inferior surface?

A.foramen jugulare

B.foramen spinosum

C.foramen caroticum internum

D.hiatus canalis nervi petrosi minoris

+E.sulcus a. occipitalis

93. A 54 years old man with an eyeball injury went to the hospital. Besides the damage to the
eyeball, the doctor found a fracture in the orbital surface, orbital process and one of the parts of the
sphenoid bone. Which part of the sphenoid bone was injured?

A. Pterigoid process

+B. Ala minor

C. Ala major

D. Body

E. Turkic sell

94. In a patient, a doctor diagnosed brain damage after strike head on the ground. The median
atlantoaxial joint is classified as:

a)hinge

b)gliding

+c)pivot

d)condyloid

e) ball-and-socket

95. A patient has purulent inflammation of the nasal cavity. The inflammation spread in the anterior
cranial fossa. Through which anatomic structure spread the inflammation? +A.Foramina cribrosa.

B.Foramen ovale.

C.Foramen ethmoidalae posterius.

Foramen sphenopalatinum.

E.Foramen rotundum

96. ? patient had trepanation and curettage of temporal bone cells (due to) purulent inflammation
which moved from the middle ear. On which process the surgery was done? +A.Processus mastoideus
B. Processus zygomaticus

C. Processus styloideus

D. Processus pterygoideus

E. Processus jugularis

97. A patient was hospitalized for the correction of the curvature of the nasal septum. Which bones
must be corrected in this case?

+A. Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone and vomer

B. Perpendicular plate of the palatine bone and vomer

C. Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone and inferior nasal concha

D. Nasal bone and vertical plate of the palatine bone

E. Horizontal plate of the palatine bone and vomer

98. In a patient, the fracture of a base of the skull has occurred. The line of fracture passes through
foramen spinosum and foramen ovale. What cranial bone is injured?

a)temporal bone

b)occipital bone

+c)sphenoid bone

d)palatine

e)etmoidal bone

99. On the x-ray image of the pelvis of newborn, the three distinct bones are marked, which are
separated by cartilage in the area of the acetabulum. These bones are:

a)os ilii, os sacrum, os coccygis

+b)os ilii, os pubis, os ischii

c)os pubis os ischii, femur

d)os sacrum, os pubis, os coccygis

e)os pubis, os femur, os sacrum

100. A patient came to the hospital with a complaint of pain, limitation of movement in the radio-
carpal joint. What movements are limited in the joint?

A.Flexio, extensio, rotatio.

+B.Flexio, extensio, abductio, adductio, ?ircumductio.

C.Flexio, extensio, ?ircumductio.

D.Abductio, adductio, rotatio.

E.Abductio, adductio, ?ircumductio

101. To the hospital applied a man with the sliced wound of the lower third of the anterior surface of
the forearm. As a result, he can not bend the wrist and proximal phalanx II-V fingers. What muscle is
damaged?

+A. ?. flexor digitorum superficialis.

B. ?. flexor carpi ulnaris.

C. M. flexor carpi radialis.

D. M. brachioradialis.

E. M. pronator quadratus.

102. A patient applied to the hospital with a cut wound of the trapezius muscle. Which fascia of the
neck forms the vagina for this muscle?

+A.Superficial cervical fascia

B.Parietal layer of the cervical fascia

C.Visceral layer of the cervical fascia

D.Prevertebral cervical the fascia

E.Carotid vagina cervical the fascia

103. Very ofter a cubital fossa is used for injections of medicine and venous blood sampling, it is
because of localization of ulnar vein directly under the skin. What structures do limit the cubital fossa?

+A. brachialis, m. brachioradialis, m. pronator teres.

B. M. biceps brachii, m. brachioradialis, m. pronator teres.

C. M. biceps brachii, m. brachioradialis, m. flexor carpi ulnaris.

D. M. biceps brachii, m. brachioradialis, m. flexor carpi radialis.

E. M. brachioradialis, m. pronator teres, m. flexor carpi ulnaris.

104. To the hospital applied a man with the fracture of the upper third of the humerus with the
displacement of fragments, as a result blood vessels and nerves that pass through foramen
quadrilaterum of the posterior wall of the axillary cavity, were damaged. What structures do limit
foramen quadrilaterum?

A. ?. teres major, m. latissimus dorsi, m. biceps brachii, m. brachialis.

B. M. teres major, m teres minor, m. triceps brachii, m. brachialis.

C. M. latissimus dorsi, m. infraspinatus, m. coracobrachialis, m. brachialis.

+D. M. teres major, m. teres minor, m. triceps brachii, os humeri.

E. M. teres major, m. biceps brachii, os humeri, m. brachialis.

105. In a patient at appendectomy a surgeon dissects the muscular fibers of anterior abdominal wall
successively as follow:

a)rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique

b)transversus, internal oblique

c)external oblique, internal oblique, rectus abdomini

+d)external oblique, internal oblique, transversus

e) rectus abdominis, external oblique

106. After an accident, a woman was hospitalized due to the fracture of the temporal bone, which
was accompanied by bleeding from the sinus of dura mater of the brain. The gap of sinus emerged in
the place where it is adjacent to the groove on the inner surface of the mastoid process. In what part
was damaged the sinus of dura mater of the brain?

A. Sulcus sinus sagitalis superioris

B. Sulcus sinus pertosi inferioris

+C. Sulcus sinus sigmoidei

D. Sulcus sinus petrosi superioris

E. Sulcus sinus transversi

107. During the examination of a patient, 25 years old, was found a hematoma of the soft tissue of
the medial wall of the axillary fossa. What the muscle of the chest does form the medial wall of the
axillary fossa?

A. M. pectoralis minor.

B. M. pectoralis major.

C. M. serratus posterior superior.

D. M. serratus posterior inferior.

+E. M. serratus anterior

108. After a chest trauma in a patient appears a pain during the breathing, especially during
expiration. What muscle does depress ribs and take part in expiration?

A. M latissimus dorsi.

+B. M. serratus posterior inferior.

C. M. rhomboideus major.
D. M. trapezius.

E. M. serratus posterior superior.

109. A woman has the injury of the radio-carpal joint with the breach of ligaments and with damage
of articular surfaces. To what joints does belong the radio-carpal joint by shape?

+A.Art. elipsoidea.

B.Art. condylaris.

C.Art. plana.

D.Art. cotylica

110. As a result of fall, a 10 years old child received the dislocation of the sternum in sterno-clavicular
joint. What muscle does strengthen this joint?

A. M. pectoralis minor

B. M. serratus anterior

+C. M. subclavius

D. M. pectoralis major M. transversus thoracis

A 50 years old man was taken to hospital with acute pain in the abdomen. The patient needs emergency
surgery, during which the abdominal cavity must be widely open. In which place have to do surgeon the
section to avoid a large blood loss?

A. On the lateral border of the rectus abdominis on the right site

B. Through the rectus abdominis

+C. Through the linea alba

D. Above the inguinal ligament on the right site.

E. Above the inguinal ligament on the left site.

111. After the injury of the occipital area, a crack in the region of transverse sinus was found. Which
part of the occipital bone is damaged:

+A. Squama

B. Left lateral

C. Right lateral

D. Base

E. Cerebellum

112. After the fall a woman received a fracture of olecranon of the ulna, as a result she can’t
straighten the upper limb in the elbow and shoulder joints. The function of which muscle is broken?
A. M. biceps brachii.

+B. M. triceps brachii.

C. M. anconeus.

D. M coracobrachialis.

E. M. brachialis.

113. 18 years old patient and after suffering from a sore throat appealed to the doctor after the
deterioration of his situation. The examination revealed retropharyngeal abscess. In what space of the
neck surgeon must penetrate during the autopsy abscess?

+A. Retrovisceral

B. Previsceral

C. Inrtacervical

D. Suprasternal

E. Pretracheal

114. A patient has a penetrating wound in the center of the cheek, which must be stitched. Which
muscle must the surgeon stitch?

+A.M. buccinator

B.M. masseter

C.M. zygomaticus major

D.M. orbicularis oris

E.M. depressor anguli oris

115. A 62 years old man got an injured of the lumbar part of the vertebral column. The X-ray revealed
a fracture of processes of the III lumbar vertebra which are located in the sagittal plane. What processes
of this vertebrae are the located in the sagittal plane? A.Spinous and costal processes.

B.Mastoid and spinous processes.

C.Spinous and inferior articular processes.

D.Superior articular and mastoid process.

+E.Superior inferior articular and spinous processes.

116. In the hospital delivered the baby with a sliver of the right foot. During the surgical treatment of
the wound, an a doctor found a gap of muscle tendon in the projected of os cuboideum. The patient has
the limitation of elevation of the lateral edge of the foot. The function of which muscle is broken?

A. M. triceps surae.
B. M. tibialis anterior.

+C. M. extensor digitorum longus.

D. M quadriceps femoris.

E. M. peroneus

117. A patient cannot heave up the dropped lower jaw. What muscles don`t execute their function?

a)muscles of facial expression

+b)muscles of mastication

c)orbicularis oris

d)levator anguli oris

e)depressor anguli oris

118. A 26 years old man has a work injury of the upper third of the shoulder. An examination didn’t
show any damage of bones. It is noted a lack of active extension of the forearm. What muscle is
damaged?

+A. ?. triceps brachii.

B. ?. coracobrachialis.

C. ?. biceps brachii.

D. M. anconeus.

E. ? pronator teres.

119. After the fracture of bones in a distal part of the forearm and long-term immobilization in a
patient the limitation of movements at wrist joint came into being. What movements, peculiar to this
joint, must be renewed by persistent training?

+a)flexion-extension, abduction-adduction

b)flexion-extension, abduction-adduction, rotation

c)rotation, flexion-extension

d)flexion-extension

e) abduction-adduction

120. A 26 years old man has a work injury of the upper third of the shoulder. An examination didn’t
show any damage of bones. It is noted a lack of active extension of the forearm. What muscle is
damaged?

+A. ?. triceps brachii.

B. ?. coracobrachialis.
C. ?. biceps brachii.

D. M. anconeus.

E. ? pronator teres.

121. A child fractured his humerus. The broken arm showed decreased growth (compared with his
second arm). Which part of the bone was affected?

+A.metaphysis

B.epiphysis

C.diaphysis

D.apophysis

E. medullary canal

122. A patient was admitted to the hospital with a acute pain in the region of the forearm. Which of
the following muscles does operate on two joint?

a)brachioradialis

b)brachialis

+c)biceps brachii

d)anconeus

e)coracobrachialis

123. The patient was hospitalized due to the penetrating trauma of the mouth’s floor. Which muscle
is injured?

+A.M. mylohyoideus

B.M. stylohyoideus

C.M. geniohyoideus

D.M. digastricus

E.N. hypoglossus

124. During physical exercise a 15 years old student suddenly developed pain in the area of the hip
joint while inward rotating of the lower limb. Which muscle is damaged? +A.Musculus gluteus medius

B.Musculus piriformis

C.Musculus obturatorius internus

D.Musculus obturatorius externus

E.Musculus quadratus lumborum

125. During the examination of a patient, the doctor found the asymmetry of his face. The patient
can not wrinkle his forehead, raise the eyebrows, whistle or completely close his eye. The function of
what muscles is broken?

+A. Mimic muscles

B. Chewing muscles

C. Infrahyoid muscles

D. Subcutaneous muscles

E. Suprahyoid muscles

126. To the hospital applied a man with the sliced wound of the upper third of the lateral side of the
forearm. Which muscle was damaged, if the patient can not bend the upper limb in the elbow joint?

A. ?. extensor digiti minimi.

B. ?. extensor carpi radialis.

C. M. extensor carpi ulnaris.

+D. M. brachioradialis.

E. M. extensor digitorum.

127. X-ray of a patient showed the destruction and increase of Turkish saddle because of pituitary
tumors. Which bone cavity was destroyed?

+A.Sinus of sphenoid bone

B.Canalis caroticus

C.Canalis opticus

D.Tympanic cavity

C.Canalis facialis

128. A patient was admitted to the hospital with an acute pain in the region of joint of the forearm.
Which of the following is not characteristic of all synovial joints?

a)articular cartilage

b)synovial fluid

+c)meniscus

d)joint capsule

e) intracapsular ligament

129. In a patient, a purulent maxillary sinusitis was diagnosed. A pus from maxillary sinus drains into:
+a)middle nasal meatus

b)lower nasal meatus

c)upper nasal meatus

d)vestibule

e)lateral nasal meatus

130. During the accident, the driver received numerous head injuries, including a fracture of
zygomatic arch. The function of which muscle, that attaches to the zygomatic arch, will be broken?

+A. ?. masseter.

B. ?. orbicularis

C. ?. buccinator.

D. M. procerus.

E. ?. risorius

131. A 35 years old man, in working conditions, received a cut wound in the area of thumb on the
palmar surface. It is discovered the limitation of abduction of the thumb. The function of which muscle
is damaged?

A. ?. opponens pollicis.

B. ?. palmaris brevis.

+C. ?. abductor pollicis brevis.

D. M. flexor pollicis brevis.

E. M. adductor pollicis.

132. A 45 years old man went to the trauma center after the shoulder injury. The examination
revealed the absence of extension, adduction and pronation functions. The damage of which muscle
could cause this situation?

+A.Musculus teres major

B.Musculus subscapularis

C.Musculus teres minor

D.Musculus infraspinatus

E.Musculus supraspinatus

133. In a patient, a pus is accumulated within infratemporal fossa. Which of the following openings it
might be spread into orbit through?

a)superior orbital fissure

+b)inferior orbital fissure

c)foramen infraorbital

d)foramen lacerum

e)foramen supraorbital

134. To the hospital applied a man with the sliced wound of the upper third of the lateral side of the
forearm. Which muscle was damaged, if the patient can not bend the upper limb in the elbow joint?

A. ?. extensor digiti minimi.

B. ?. extensor carpi radialis.

C. M. extensor carpi ulnaris.

+D. M. brachioradialis.

E. M. extensor digitorum.

135. After the fall a woman received a fracture of olecranon of the ulna, as a result she can’t
straighten the upper limb in the elbow and shoulder joints. The function of which muscle is broken?

A. ?. biceps brachii.

+B. ?. triceps brachii.

C. ?. anconeus.

D. M coracobrachialis.

E. ?. brachialis.

136. A patient suffered from an acute inflammation of the nasolacrimal canal. It is known that after
suffering from flu, the patient had long discharges from the nose. From which meatus of the nasal
cavity discharges could lead to the infection in the nasolacrimal canal?

+A.From meatus nasi inferior

B.From meatus nasi superior

C.From meatus nasi media

D.From meatus nasi communis

E.From foramen sphenopalatinum

137. In a patient was diagnosed the oblique inguinal hernia, which came out of the inguinal canal.
What structure does forme the inferior wall of the inguinal canal?

+A. Ligamentum lacunare.

B. Ligamentum inguinale.
C. Fascia transversalis.

D. M. transversus abdominis.

E. Aponeurosis of m. obliqui externus abdominis.

138. To the hospital applied a man with the sliced wound of the lower third of the anterior surface of
the forearm. As a result, he can not bend the wrist and proximal phalanx II-V fingers. What muscle is
damaged?

+A. ?. flexor digitorum superficialis.

B. ?. flexor carpi ulnaris.

C. M. flexor carpi radialis.

D. M. brachioradialis.

E. M. pronator quadratus.

139. During physical exercise, a 15 years old student suddenly developed pain in the area of the hip
joint while inward rotating and abduction of the lower limb. A doctor found a damage of one of the
pelvic muscle, which tendon leaves the pelvis cavity through foramen ischiadicus major. Which muscle is
damaged?

A. M. obturatorius internus.

+B. M. pinformis.

C. M. gluteus medius.

D. M. obturatorius externus.

E. M. quadratus femoris.

140. A man was brought in a surgical department with a wound on the medial border of the forearm.
The examination showed that the patient damaged the process which borders with incisura trochlearis .
What the process was damaged?

A.Olecranon

+B.Procesus coronoideus.

C.Processus styloideus

D.Margo interosseus

E.Tuberositas ulnae

141. A patient was admitted to the hospital with muscles of facial expression disorder. The facial
nerve passes through the foramen

a)ovale

b)spinosum
+c)stylomastoid

d)lacerum

e)rotundum

142. A 30 years old woman fell and injured the sacrum. The radiological investigations revealed
damage of the sacral crest which is formed by the transverse processes of the sacral vertebrae. Which
sacral crest was damaged?

A. Middle and right medial crests.

+B. Right lateral and left lateral crests.

C. Right lateral and right medial crests.

D. Left lateral and left medial crests.

E. Median and left medial crests.

143. A 27 years old woman has a trauma of the lumbar region of the vertebral column. The X-ray
revealed a fracture of mastoid process of the II lumbar vertebra. Where are situated mastoid processes
of the II lumbar vertebra?

A. On the costal processes.

B. On the spinous processes.

C. On the inferior articular processes.

+D. On the superior articular process.

E. On the superior and inferior articular processes.

144. A patient got a shoulder injury in the area of the large tubercle of the humerus. He is unable to
return the shoulder outside. Which muscles are injured?

+A.m.infraspinatus et m.teres minor

B.m. supraspinatus eti m. teres major

C.m.subscapularis et m. coracobrachialis

D.m.deltoideus et m. supraspinatus

E.m. teres major et m. teres minor

145. X-ray showed the intraarticular fracture of the proximal epiphysis of the humerus. What the
structure of the humerus is damaged?

+A.Caput humeri

B.Collum chirurgicum

C.Crista tuberculi minor

D. Crista tuberculi major

E.Tuberculum minor

146. After the injury of the hip joint in the patient has a limitation of movements. What is the hip
joint by shape and number of axes?

A.Art. trochoidea.

B.Art. ginglymus.

C.Art. sellaris.

+D.Art. spheroidea.

E.Art. cotylica.

147. At person, the trauma has occurred due to direct violence on the medial aspect of the middle
third of the leg. What anatomic structure might be most likely fractured?

+a)diaphysis of tibia

b)distal epiphysis of fibula

c)proximal epiphysis of fibula

d)distal epiphysis of tibia

e)proximal epiphysis of tibia

e)proxial epiphysis of femur

148. A surgeon is applying a primary surgical treatment of a deep wound of the outer surface of the
right knee. Which ligament must the doctor sew?

+A. Lig. collaterale fibulare

B. Lig. collaterale tibiale

C. Lig. popliteum obliquum

D. Lig. popliteum arcuatum

E. Lig. patellae

149. While examining a person after a sport trauma, the physician has noted a fracture of malleolus
medialis. Tendons of which muscles might be injured?

a)triceps surae, plantaris

b)fibularis longus, fibularis brevis

+c)tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus

d)tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus

e) fibularis brevis, extensor digitorum longus

150. It is known, that fractures of bones both at youths and elder men happen in the area of the
surgical neck. Indicate, on which of the following bones is this landmark present?

+a)humerus

b)radius

c)fibula

d)femur

e)humerus

151. In the victim was found stabbed muscles of the anterior wall of the axillary fossa. Which muscles
forms this wall?

A. M. pectoralis minor, m. subclavius

+B. M. pectoralis minor, m. pectoralis major.

C. M. serratus anterior, m. subclavius

D. M. serratus anterior, m. pectoralis major

E.M. serratus anterior, m. pectoralis minor

152. To establish the boundary between the cervical and thoracic parts of vertebral column, the
doctor must palpate to find the process of VIIth cervical vertebra. Which process should exactly the
doctor be looking for?

+A.spinosus

B.transversus

C.articularis superior

D.articularis inferior

E.mastoideus

153. In a patient, a purulent process developed behind the pharynx may spread to: a)anterior
mediastinum

b)suprasternal space

c)retromandibular fossa

+d)posterior mediastinum

e)medial mediastinum
154. In hospital was hospitalized a man with the injury of the braint. After the examination, the
doctor found the fracture of a bone of the skull. The fracture line passes through protuberantia
mentalis. Which bone was injured?

+A. Mandibula

B. Maxilla

C. Os zygomaticus

D. Os lacrimale

E.Os palatinum

155. Patient 25-year-old grumbles about the pain in lumbar region. The defect of fusion of arches of
3rd and 4th lumbar vertebrae was found at x-ray examination. Name this developmental malformation:

a)scoliosis

+b)spina bifida

c)lordosis

d)lumbalisation

e)sacralisation

156. While examining a student who had suffered a football injury, the physician noted that the
patient`s left tibia could be moved anteriorly with considerable freedom, especially when the knee was
flexed. This is indicative of a tear in the:

+a)anterior cruciate ligament

b)lateral collateral ligament

c)medial collateral ligament

d)posterior cruciate ligament

e)mediana collateral ligament

157. A 40 years old man was taken to hospital with a sliver of the lower third of the front of the
shoulder area. He has a limitation of flexion in the shoulder and elbow joints. Damage of which muscle
led to these disorders?

A. ?. anconeus.

B. ?. brachialis.

C. ?. coracobrachialis.

D. M. triceps brachii.

+E. ?. biceps brachii

158. In the surgical department was brought a man with an injury of the brain. A doctor established
the bone injury, which takes part in the formation of the lateral walls of the right orbit. Which bone was
damaged?

A.Right frontal bone.

+B.Right zygomatic bone.

C.Right sphenoid bone.

D.Right ethmoid bone.

E.Right maxilla.

159. A patient (man 68-years-old) was admitted to the hospital with a problem in the abdomen.
Posterior wall of rectus sheath below linea arcuata is formed by:

+a)fascia transversalis

b)aponeurosis of transverses muscle

c)peritoneum

d)aponeurosis of internal oblique muscle

e) aponeurosis of external oblique muscle

160. In a 37 years old patient after the ingress of foreign objects into the airways appeared a cough,
and then asthma. The tracheotomy was made on the neck, in the area which is limited by m.
omohyoideus venter superior, m. sternocleidomastoideus and median line of the neck. In which triangle
of the neck was operation done?

A. Trigonum caroticum.

+B. Trigonum omotracheale.

C. Trigonum submandibulare.

D. Trigonum omotrapezoideum.

E. Trigonum omoclaviculare.

161. An ambulance brought a man with an injury of the brain to the hospital. The doctor found the
fracture of the skull. The fracture line passes through the sagittal border. Which bone was injured?

A.os frontale

B.os occipitale

C. os ethmoidale

D. os temporale

+E. os parietale
162. During the examination of 45 years old woman, the traumatologist found that musculus teres
minor was damaged. which function of the shoulder joint is lost? +A.Adduction

B.Flexion

C.Abdaction

D.Extension

E.Pronation

163. In a patient, a diaphragmatic hernia was diagnosed. What are weak points in diaphragm?

+a)sternocostal and lumbocostal triangles

b)centrum tendineum

c)sternolumbar triangles

d)lumbosternal triangles

e)sternocostal and sternolumbal triangles

164. A patient suffers for delay of urination from urinary bladder. What genital gland is involved in
pathological process?

a)vesicula seminalis

b)testis

+c)prostata

d)bulbourethral gland

e)epididimis

165. After injury a man has problem in genital organs region. Which of the coats of testis does derive
from peritoneum, does secrete a serous fluid, and its inflammation may result in hydrocele (hydrops of
testis)?

a)fascia spermatica externa

b)tunica dartos

+c)tunica vaginalis

d)fascia spermatica interna

e)m. cremaster

166. A patient has sublingual papilla inflammation. From which salivary glands will salivation be
impaired?

A) Parotid and palatine

B) Parotid and submandibular

+C) Sublingual and submandibular

D) Sublingual and parotid

E) Sublingual and buccal

167. 35-year old male came to the doctor with complaints of pain and swelling of the right testicle.
On examination, a tumor that requires surgery was found, it is necessary to dissect seven layers of the
scrotum to the tunica albuginea. Which tunica will be dissected the last before tunica albuginea?

A) Cutis orchis

B) Tunica spermatica externa

C) Tunica dartos

D) Tunica spermatica interna

+E) Tunica vaginalis testis

168. A 3-year old child was admitted to hospital with a foreign body in the bronchi. In which
bronchus did the foreign body most likely get into?

+A) in the right main bronchus

B) in the left main bronchus

C) in the right segmental bronchus

D) in the left segmental bronchus

E) in the lobar bronchus

169. Some children have predominantly mouth breathing due to excessive proliferation of lymphoid
tissue. Proliferation of which structures is it due to?

A) tonsils.

B) lingual tonsil.

C) tubal tonsils.

+D) pharyngeal tonsil.

E) lymph nodes.

170. Patient with impaired respiratory function must undergo tracheostomy. We should remember
that the isthmus of the thyroid gland is often located at the level of the following cartilaginous rings of
the trachea:

+A) II- IV

B) I-II
C) IV-V

D) V-VI

E) III-IV

171. A patient has seizures. Hypothyroidism of which endocrine glands which you can think of?

A) Pituitary

+B) Parathyroid gland

C) Gonads

D) Pineal body

E) Adrenal glands

172. At extirpation of the lateral lobes of thyroid gland great care must be taken to avoid removing
the parathyroid glands, which are situated:

a)in front of lobes

+b)behind to lobes

c)laterally to lobes

d)medially to lobes

e)between the lobes

173. The teacher finger introduced into space between lig. hepatorenale and lig. hepatoduodenale
enters:

a)bursa hepatica

+b)bursa omentalis

c)bursa pregastrica

d)superior duodenojejunal recess

e)inferior duodenojejunal recess

174. After ovulation the ovum is carried by ciliae of fallopian tube epithelium to uterus successively
through:

+a)infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus, pars uterine

b)ampulla, infundibulum, isthmus, pars uterine

c)isthmus, ampulla, infundibulum, pars uterine

d)infundibulum, isthmus, ampulla, pars uterine

e)ifundibulum, pars uterine, ampulla

175. On patient's examination, a surgeon found injuries of the middle third of the left kidney. The
integrity of which organ should be checked while taking into account syntopy of the left kidney?

+A) pancreas.

B) the small intestine.

C) stomach

D) descending colon.

E) liver

176. A doctor diagnosed inflammation of the mucous membrane in the narrowest part of the larynx
cavity in a 3-year old child. In the part of the child's larynx the doctor found inflammation?

A) Aditus laryngis.

+B) Glottis.

C) Vestibulum laryngis.

D) Cavitas infraglottica.

E) Ventriculus laryngis.

177. During chromocystoscopy, a doctor must find ureteral orifice. Which anatomical structure can
serve as a reference point for this manipulation?

A) Cervix vesicae

B) Sorpus vesicae

C) Apex vesicae

D) Urachus

+E) Trigonum vesicae

178. After tooth extraction a doctor saw three roots . What a tooth?

A) canina of the upper jaw

B) premolar of the upper jaw

+C) molar of the upper jaw

D) premolar of the lower jaw molar

E) molar of the lower jaw

179. Laboratory study of the 56-year old patient's blood showed increase in blood sugar. Which
endocrine gland is affected?

A) Glandula pineale
B) Glandula supratenalis

C) Glandula thyroidea

D) Glandula parathyroidea

+E) Pancreas

180. A 35-year old man was delivered to the surgical department with purulent wound in the neck
in front of the trachea (around previsceral space). Where can infection spread if the patient is not
operated on immediately?

+A) To the chest cavity - anterior mediastinum

B) To the chest cavity - posterior mediastinum

C) To the retrovisceral space

D) To the spatium interaponeuroticum suprasternale

E) in the chest cavity - in the middle mediastinum

181. A patient has thyroid dysfunction. The examination revealed decrease in the number of blood
triiodothyronine and tetraiodothyronine. What is the structural and functional unit of the thyroid gland?

A) particles.

+B) follicles.

C) slices.

D) stroma.

E) thyrocytes.

182. There is a need for bladder catheterization. In which urethral part or structure can resistance
occur?

A) external urethral opening.

B) spongy.

+C) membranaceus.

D) prostate.

E) internal urethral opening.

183. At patient the sword-cut of soft tissues of face in the area of masseter muscle has occurred. Of
what gland can a duct be damaged?

+a)parotid

b)lesser sublingual
c)greater sublingual

d)submandibular

e)palatal

184. Chronic lung disease was complicated be stone release from the kidney. At which level of the
ureter is it most likely to stop?

+A) At the border of abdominal and pelvic parts

B) In the place of renal pelvis transition into the ureter

C) In the abdominal part

D) 2 cm above the confluence of the bladder

E) 5 cm above the pelvic part

185. A patient was admitted to the hospital with problem in pelvic region. The interior of the urinary
bladder can be seen with cystoscope that is introduced through urethra. At what part of urinary bladder
may be the trigonum vesicae identified?

a)apex

b)corpus

+c)fundus

d)cervix

e)radix

186. In the patient in swallowing particles of food get into the nasal cavity. Which muscle of the soft
palate affected?

+A) Tensor veli palatine

B) Glossopharyngeal

C) Musculus uvulae

D) Palatoglossus

E) Palatopharyngeus,

187. A sportsmen has got a trauma of the abdominal region and was admitted to the hospital. All of
the following are true with respect to the diaphragmatic surface of the liver except:

a)this area is traversed by inferior vena cava

b)opening on the area is porta hepatic

+c)this area is circumscribed by coronary ligament

d)this area is traversed by inferior vena cava

e)this area is partly devoid of peritoneum

188. To the dentist appealed a woman complaining of loss of taste on the top of the tongue. The
doctor found that due to continuous smoking cigarettes were killed taste buds, which papillae (papillae)
damaged?

A) Conicae

+ B) Fungiformes

C) Foliatae

D) Filiformes

E) Vallatae

189. During gynecological intervention due to hysterectomy, a surgeon must tie uterine artery
which runs between the leaves of the broad ligament of the uterus. Which organ can be damaged
during this manipulation?

A) Fallopian tubes.

B) Bladder.

+C) Urethra.

D) Rectum.

E) Ovary.

190. Otolaryngologist diagnosed inflammation in a 12-year old girl - upper respiratory tract which
include all of the below except:

+A) oral part of the pharynx

B) external nose

C) nasal cavity

D) laryngeal vestibule

E) nasal part of the pharynx

191. During the examination of the patient, a surgeon found hydrocele. Between the leaves of
which testicular membranes can liquid accumulate?

A) tunica albuginea.

B) tunica dartos

C) external semen.

+D) serous (vaginal).

E) inner semen.

192. On child's oral cavity examination, a dentist found short frenulum of the upper lip. Which
group of teeth will this anomaly have negative impact on?

+A) medial upper incisors

B) medial lower incisors

C) lateral upper incisors

D) lateral lower incisors

E) The upper canines

193. Dentist during tooth extraction destroys cement connections between tooth root and dental
alveolus. What this structure?

+A) Periodontium

B) Gingiva

C) Pulpa dentis

D) Dentinum

E) Cementum

194. In patient there is the left pulmonectomy performed. What is correct location of anatomical
structures in the root of left lung (from up to down)?

a)artery, veins, bronchus

b)bronchus, artery, veins

+c)artery, bronchus, veins

d)veins, artery, bronchus

e)artery, bronchus, artery

195. To the hospital applied a woman which has a problem with genital organs. Which of the
following structures does derive from ductus paramesonephricus?

+a)tuba uterina

b)ductus deferens

c)ductus epididymidis

d)ductus excretorius

e)ductus ejaculatorius
196. Patient has urea retention in the bladder. Pathology of which sexual gland can cause this
condition?

+A) prostate.

B) epididymis.

C) testicle

D) seminal vesicle.

E) glandula bulbourethralis.

197. We need to operate on a patient that with fractured external nose. What does the external
nose consist of?

+A) wing, tip, back, root

B) base, tip, ala, neck

C) back, root, dorsum, body

D) back, tip, dorsum, root

E) root, base, nostrils, ala

198. The mother appealed for help to the pediatrician. Sick girl 14 months with fever, crying, taking
toys into the mouth. Which tooth erupt at this age?

+A) first upper molar _

B) medial lower incisor

C) premolar

D) сanine

E) lower second molar _

199. Patient B., aged 39, who cannot become pregnant for eight years, was advised to come to an
endocrinologist. An examination of the patient revealed exophthalmos, eyelid tremor, and tachycardia.
Disease of which endocrine gland is accompanied by such symptoms?

+A) Thyroid

B) Pancreatic

C) Genital

D) Adrenal

E) Epiphysis

200. To access the surgical field, it is necessary to determine the cartilage that contains oblique line.
Which cartilage of the larynx has the oblique line?
A) cricoids

B) cuneiform

+C) thyroid

D) corniculate

E) arytenoid

201. At patient feeling is broken of taste, although touch, pain and temperature sensations are
present. What papillae have no taste receptors?

+a)filiform

b)vallate

c)foliate

d)emboliformis

e)fungiform

202. In order to clarify the diagnosis, a 70-year old patient needs palpation of the pelvis through the
anterior wall of the rectum. Which organs can be examined during such palpation?

A) vagina, ovaries.

+B) uterus, vagina.

C) ovaries, uterus.

D) fallopian tubes, vagina.

E) fallopian tubes, uterus.

203. A patient complains of urine flow during sexual intercourse. Which organ is sick?

+A) prostate.

B) seminal vesicles.

C) testicle.

D) epididymis.

E) bladder.

204. On examination of the oral cavity, a dentist found the appearance of a child's first large lower
molar teeth. What is the child's age?

A) 8-9 years

B) 4-5 years

+C) 6-7 years

D) 10-11 years

E) 12-13 years

205. During the inspection of the oral cavity, a child has been diagnosed with the inability to pull out
tongue outside the mouth. Which tongue muscle is damaged?

A) Hyoglossal muscle.

+B) Genioglossus muscle.

C) Digastric muscle.

D) Upper longitudinal muscle.

E) Lower longitudinal muscle.

206. A patient was diagnosed with "pyelonephritis" and was admitted at the urology clinic. After the
examination, accession of infection accompanied by reflux pyelovenosus was found. Lesion of which
structure has led to complications?

A) direct tubes.

B) excretory kidney ducts.

+C) forniceal apparatus of the kidney.

D) renal tubules.

E) renal corpuscles.

207. Inflammation of themodified subserous layer around the cervix caused intense pain symptom
of the patient. The pathological process of which genital area was established by the doctor?

A) Endometrium

B) Myometrium

C) Mesometrium

+D) Parametrium

E) Perimetrium

208. The patient, 28 years old, was admitted at the nephrological department with a diagnosis - the
prolapse of the right kidney (Nephroptosis). X-ray contrast urography confirmed the preliminary
diagnosis. Which provisions as to 12th rib does the right kidney normally have?

A) 12th rib crosses the kidney in the upper third.

B) 12th rib crosses the kidney center.

+C) 12th rib is projected on the upper pole

D) 12th rib crosses the kidney in the lower third.

E) 12th rib is projected on the lower pole

209. A 28-year old woman was diagnosed with ectopic pregnancy which was complicated by rupture
of the fallopian tube. In that space of the peritoneum can blood appear?

A) intersigmoidal sinus

B) vesicouterine

C) right mesenteric sinus

D) left mesenteric sinus

+E) rectouterine

210. A patient has appealed to the physician with complaints about the head pain after rhinitis. At
the inspection on sciagram the darkening is marked of Highmore sinus. What way did an infection
spread by in this sinus?

a)posterior ethmoidal cells

b)ethmoidal infundibulum

c)anterior ethmoidal cells

+d)hiatus maxillaries

e)anterior ethmoidal cells

211. A 10-year old patient was delivered to the hospital, the day before he swallowed a peanut,
afterwards he had continuous cough and symptoms of respiratory difficulties. Phonation function is
undisturbed. Where can this foreign body most likely be?

A) Trachea

+B) Right main bronchus

C) Left main bronchus

D) Rima vestibule

E) Glottis

212. In patient 25-year-old, which grumbles about the difficult swallowing, the tumorous swelling it is
exposed in the area of foramen caecum. Of what gland was a remainder recognized by physician?

a)sublingual

b)thymus

+c)thyroid

d)parathyroid

e)submandibular
213. On examination of the oral cavity child dentist identified the emergence of lower first
permanent molar teeth. How old is the child?

A) 8-9

B) 4-5

+C) 6-7

D) 10-11

E) 12-13

214. Examination of a 4-year old child discovered face puffiness, dilation of veins of the upper body,
the X-ray showed increased shadow of the mediastinum organs. Defect of which immunogenesis organ
led to clinical manifestations of the disease?

A) rear mediastinal lymph nodes;

+B) thymus;

C) sternal bone marrow;

D) anterior mediastinal lymph nodes;

E) diaphragmatic lymph nodes;

215. At patient 28-year-old is diagnosed acute inflammation of nasolacrimal duct. From what
department of nasal cavity could an infection spread in the nasolacrimal duct? a)superior nasal meatus

b)middle nasal meatus

+c)inferior nasal meatus

d)vestibulum of nasal cavity

e)common nasal meatus

216. In adult, calcium is frequently deposited in the epiphysis cerebri and then serves as a landmark
on an x-ray investigation of brain. Epiphysis cerebri (pineal body) belongs to:

a)mesencephalon

b)telencephalon

c)myelencephalon

d)metencephalon

+e)diencephalon

217. During the surgical operation on gall-bladder a doctor must define a common bile duct. What
anatomic structure is it in?

a)gastrocolic ligament
b)hepatorenal ligament

+c)hepatoduodenal ligament

d)gastrorenal ligament

e)hepatogastric ligament

218. No testicles were found in the right half of scrotum of a newborn boy. What kind of
abnormality is this?

A) Cryptorchidism

+B) Monorchism

C) Hypospadias

D) Hermaphroditism

E) Epispadias

219. A 28-year old patient was admitted to the hospital with acute pain in the abdominal region.
While examining by doctor was diagnosed same problem with the liver and her ducts. The secretion
from the liver and pancreas entry into:

a)superior part of duodenum

+b)descending part of duodenum

c)horizontal part of duodenum

d)ascending part of duodenum

e)inferior part of duodenum

220. A child has chronic tonsillitis. A pediatrician recommends tonsillectomy of the tonsils located in
tonsillar fossa. Which tonsils is the doctor planning to remove?

A) Tonsilla pharyngealis.

B) Tonsilla tubaria.

C) Noduli lymphoidei solitarii.

+D) Tonsillae palatinae.

E) Tonsilla linqualis.

221. Child 13 years old removed the second milk molar. What permanent teeth grow in its place?

A) The second molar

B) The first premolar

C) The first molar

+D) The second premolar

E) The third molar

222. In patient during examination of oral cavity established sharp redness of the mucous membrane
of the tongue root. Determine what formation is involved in the inflammatory process.

A) Palatine veil

B) palatine tonsils

C) tubal tonsils

+D) lingual tonsil

E) pharyngeal tonsil

223. During the surgery on the removal of the appendix, a doctor found in its wall elements that
belong to the peripheral organs of the immune system. What kinds of elements are these?

A) iliac nodes.

B) single lymphoid nodules.

+C) clusters of lymphoid nodules.

D) appendix nodes.

E) nodi lymphatici paracolici.

224. A patient has appealed to nephrologist with complaints about terrible pain in lumbar region
resulted, as was diagnosed, from acute obstruction by kidney stone in right ureter between its
abdominal and pelvic parts. What is anatomical boundary between these two parts?

a)linea arcuata

+b)linea terminalis

c)linea semilunaris

d)linea alba

e)linea transversa

225. At the military commissariat, 19-year old boy during the US examination, the boy was
diagnosed with the prolapse of the kidney. At which level of the vertebrae are kidneys usually located?

A) 9-12 thoracic

B) 4-5 lumbar

C) 12 thoracic and 1lumbar

D) 9-10 thoracic
+E) 11 thoracic and 3 lumbar

226. A patient with cheek injury was admitted to hospital. Dust ow which salivary gland may be
damaged?

A) molar

B) submandibular

C) sublingual

+D) parotid

E) buccal

227. In woman a tumour of ovary was diagnosed. It is necessary operation. What ligament must be
cut by surgeon to separate an ovary from uterus?

a)lig.umbilicale mediale

b)lig.teres uteri

+c)lig.ovarii proprium

d)lig.suspensorium ovarii

e)lig.umbilicale mediale

228. The little girl 5 years old doctor removed a tooth which had two roots. What a tooth?

A) premolarof the upper jaw

B) premolar of the lower jaw

C) Canine of the upper jaw

+D) molar of the lower jaw

E) molar of the upper jaw

229. A patient was diagnosed with bartholinitis(inflammation of the large vestibule glands). In which
organ of the genitourinary system are these glands situated?

A) Vagina

B) Small lips

C) Clitoris

+D) Large lips

E) Uterus

230. Chronic rhinitis of patient was complicated by inflammation of frontal sinus. What nasal meatus
did an infection spread through in this sinus?
a)superior

+b)middle

c)common

d)left

e)inferior

231. On examination of the oral cavity, doctor found swelling, redness of the palate between arches.
Which anatomical formation inflamed?

A) Tonsilla tubaria

+B) Tonsilla palatine

C) Tonsilla adenoidea

D) Tonsilla pharyngea

E) Tonsilla lingualis

232. A doctor examines a boy aged 16-n. A teenager has underdevelopment of genitals, there is no
hair on the genitals and torso, and the muscles are underdeveloped due to delays in ossification - high
growth, body disproportion. There is no spermatogenesis. In the blood, there is a low level of
testosterone. Which cells are producing this hormone?

+A) Interstitial endocrinocytes (Leydig cells).

B) Parafolikulyarni endocrinocytes (C-cells).

C) endocrinocytes of the zona fasiculata.

D) endocrinocytes of the reticular zone.

E) Insulocytes.

233. A patient camw to the doctor with complaints of tremor of the fingers and the whole body,
muscle weakness, palpitations, sleep disorders, weight loss with increased appetite. Symptoms of which
gland's disorder are observed in the patient?

A) Pituitary

B) Pancreatic

+C) Thyroid

D) Adrenal

E) Epiphysis

234. During the gynecological examination a patient was diagnosed with endometritis
(inflammation of the endometrium). Which part of the uterine wall is affected by inflammation?
A) parametrium

B) serous membrane

C) muscular coat

D) adventitia

+E) Mucosa

235. Inefficiency of orthodontic treatment of child caused by sustained mouth breathing, because
nasal breathing is difficult. Which of the tonsils are hypertrophied ?

A) palate and tubal

B) tubal

C) lingual

D) palate

+E) pharyngeal

236. During the examination of patient doctor found the hypertrophy and inflammation of lymphoid
tissue, swelling of the mucous membrane between arches of the soft palate (acute tonsillitis). Which
tonsils normally contained in this place?

A) Tonsilla tubaria

B) Tonsilla pharyngealis

+C) Tonsilla palatine

D) Tonsilla lingualis

E) Tonsilla adenoidea

237. A patient (man 68-years-old) was admitted to the hospital with problem in chest region. Which
of the following is not characteristic of the left lung?

a)cardiac impression

b)superior lobe

c)inferior lobe

+d)middle lobe

e)intermedial lobe

238. Dentist sealed carious cavity between the two lower central incisors. On what surface of the
crown operates a doctor?

+A) Facies mesialis

B) Facies labialis

C) Facies lingualis

D) Facies distalis

E) Facies occlusalis

239. During examination doctor has found hypertrophy and inflammation of the lymphoid tissue,
edema of the mucous tunic between arches soft palate( acute tonsillitis). Which of the tonsils normally
is in that place?

+A) Tonsilla palatina

B) Tonsilla pharyngealis

C) Tonsilla tubaria

D) Tonsilla lingualis

E) Tonsilla nasalia

240. To the gynecology the woman was hospitalized with diagnosis "acute right side adnexitis". At
additional inspection a final diagnosis was put: "acute appendicitis". What position does the
inflammated appendix occupy?

+a)descending

b)ascending

c)lateral

d)retrocecal

e)medial

241. The injured has damaged renal artery due to stab wounds in the abdominal area. Which organ
of the abdominal cavity does the blood flow into?

+A) retroperitoneal space

B) peritoneal cavity

C) abdominal cavity

D) large pelvic cavity

E) pelvic cavity

242. What part of colon may be damaged at the wound in the left half of abdomen? a)colon
ascendens

+b)colon descendens

c)colon transversum
d)rectum

e)colon sigmoideum

243. A patient is suffering from hydrocele. The lesion of which testicular membranes can lead to this
disease?

+A) Tunica vaginalis testis

B) Fascia spermatica externa

C) Fascia spermatica interna

D) Fascia cremasterica

E) Tunica dartos

244. A 28-year old patient was diagnosed with acute inflammation of the mucous membrane of the
naso-lacrimal duct. According to his history, after 10-day flu, he had nasal discharge. From which part of
the nasal cavity could infection penetrate the naso-lacrimal duct?

+A) From the lower meatus

B) From the upper meatus

C) From the middle meatus

D) From the vestibule of the nose

E) From the frontal sinus

245. A patient was admitted to the hospital with acute head pain. Which is not a paranasal sinus?

+a)palatine sinus

b)ethmoidal sinus

c)sphenoidal sinus

d)right maxillary sinus

e)d)left maxillary sinus

246. In patient during examination of the oral cavity doctor found redness of the mucosa of the root
of the tongue, palatine veil, palatoglossal arch. The limits of which anatomical formation inflamed?

A) Pharyngeal tonsil

B) lingual tonsil

+C) fauces

D) Palatine tonsils

E) Tubal tonsils
247. A patient was admitted to the hospital with problem in abdomen. The tunica muscularis of
which tubular organs of alimentary canal consists of three layers:

a) duodenum

b)esophagus

c)jejunum

d)ileum

+e)stomach

248. The doctor diagnosed foreign body in the cavity of the larynx with elastic cone of a 4-year old
child. Where is the foreign body?

A) In laryngeal ventricle

B) In the laryngeal vestibule.

C) At the entrance to the larynx.

+D) In the infraglottic cavity.

E) In the vocal cords.

249. In a patient, liquid food enters the nasal cavity through the upper wall of the mouth due to
damage of the bone formation. Which anatomic formation is damaged?

A) soft palate.

B) root of the tongue.

C) circular muscle of mouth.

D) pharyngeal opening of the auditory tube (eustachian cushion).

+E) palate.

250. At child RDS (respiratory distress syndrome) is exposed conditioned by disturbance of releasing
of surfactant, which covers:

+a)wall of alveola

b)wall of trachea

c)wall of bronchus

d)wall of bronchiolus

e)wall of pharynx

251. On the examination of the oral cavity of a 5 year-old child, the dentist found abnormality -
tooth enamel development abnormality which develops from:
A) mandibular bone

B) entoderm of the main colon

+C) ectoderm of the mouth cavity

D) mesoderm

E) mesenchyme

252. 16-year old girl was diagnosed with the dysfunction of the immune system organ which also
belongs to the endocrine system:

A) lymph nodes

B) palatine tonsils

C) spleen

D) pituitary

+E) thymus

253. In patient removed tooth. The crown of the tooth has a rhomboid shape, on the chewing
surface of the four tubercles, it has three roots. Determine which tooth removed. A) lower second
molar

B) first lower molar

C) upper second molar

D) upper third molar

+E) upper first molar

254. A woman was diagnosed with ovarian tumors. She needs operation. Which ligament should a
surgeon cut to separate the uterus from the ovary?

A) suspensory ligament

B) lateral umbilical ligament

C) broad ligament

+D) ovary ligament

E) round ligament of the uterus

255. The patient has violation a sense of sweet and salty taste at the apex and around the edges of
the tongue. What tongue papillae affected?

A) Papillae filiformes

B) Papilla vallatae
C) Papilla conicae

+D) Papillae fungiformes

E) Papillae foliatae

256. On examination of the oral cavity dentist noticed in a child the appearance of first permanent
canines. What is the age of the child?

+A) 13 years old.

B) 10 years.

C) 9 years.

D) 7 years.

E) 6 years.

257. To determine the type of leukemia, patient has to undergo bone marrow study. Puncture of
which bone must a doctor perform?

A) head of the III/d rib

B) diaphysis of the humerus

C) diaphysis of the femur

D) I/st cervical vertebra

+E) sternum

258. The man turned to the doctor for a sore throat. An examination of the patient revealed
hypertrophy of lymphoid organ, located in Fosse tonsillaris. What is this organ?

+A) Tonsilla palatina.

B) Tonsilla pharingea.

C) Tonsilla tubaria.

D) Tonsilla lingualis.

E) Tonsilla adenoidea.

259. Following an examination of a newborn, organ development abnormality has been found,
which organ does not develop from the maxillary process, namely:

A) upper jaw

B) cheeks and side parts of the upper lip

C) of the hard and soft palate

D) cheek bone
+E) lower jaw

260. On examination of the oral cavity of the patient found decay of the tooht crown, which is
addressed to proper oral cavity. As this surface is called?

A) Facies vestibularis.

+B) Facies lingualis.

C) Facies contactus.

D) Facies mesialis.

E) Facies distalis.

261. A patient nosebleeds from a. sphenopalatina, branches of which come in the nasal cavity
through the foramen sphenopalatinum. The doctor performs a deep nasal packing puching gauze swab
into the nasal part of the pharynx. What passage connects the nasal cavity with the throat?

A) Meatus nasi superior.

B) Meatus nasi medius.

D) Meatus nasopharyngeus.

+C) Meatus nasi inferior.

E) Meatus nasi communis.

262. Due to orchitis [inflammation of the testicles] a 43-year old patient has problems with sperm
production. In which parts of the testicle did the pathological change take place?

A) Ductus epididimidis

B) Ductuli seminiferi recti

C) Ductuli eferentes testis

+D) Ductuli seminiferi contorti

E) Rete testis

263. In a 35-year old patient, behind median raphe the tongue in the region of the cecal foramen, a
cyst was found. Which embryonic structure is not reduced?

A) lingual tonsils.

+B) thyroglossal duct.

C) lingual papilla.

D) cecal foramen.

E) boundary raphe of tongue.

264. A patient has aspermatism. Which organ ia affected?

A) prostate.

B) epididymis.

+C) testicle.

D) prostate gland.

E) seminal vesicles.

265. A patient is performed left-sided pulmonectomy due to lung cancer. A surgeon should recall
the order of the anatomical structures of the right lung root (top down).

A) veins, bronchus, artery

B) artery, bronchus, veins

C artery, vein, bronchus

D) vein, artery, bronchus

+E) bronchus, artery, vein

266. In the cystoscope field, flat mucosa has no folds. Which part of the bladder is in the field?

A) top.

+B) cystic triangle

C) body.

D) neck.

E) bottom

267. In child 10 years old removed first milk molar. What permanent teeth grow in its place?

A) second premolar

+B) first premolar

C) first molar

D) second molar

E) third molar

268. A young woman was admitted to the hospital with complaints of a sharp pain in the abdomen.
On examination, a doctor suspects rupture of the fallopian tube due to ectopic pregnancy. During
puncture through the posterior vaginal vault, in the syringe blood was found. In which peritoneal organ
does blood accumulate in this case?

+A) rectouterine recess.

B) rectovesical recess.

C) intersigmoidal recess.

D) vesicouterine space.

E) space behind the blind duct.

269. A patient has inflammation of the sphenoid sinus. Where does its aperture open?

A) Meatus nasi communis

B) Meatus nasi medius

C) Meatus nasi inferior

+D) Recessus sphenoethmoidalis

E) Infundibulum

270. During the difficult delivery, pubic symphysis broke. Which organ is likely to be injured?

A) Rectum

+B) Bladder

C) Ovaries

D) Fallopian tubes

E) Uterus

271. A child has been diagnosed with a congenital cleft upper lip and cleft of the anterior palate
("cleft palate"). Nonunion of which processes caused this defect?

+A) maxillary, frontal

B) nasal, palatal

C) palatal, mandibular

D) mandibular, nasal

E) nasal, frontal

272. During the right-sided lobectomy surgery, a surgeon approached the root of the right lung for
the purpose of separation and processing its components. Specify the order of the elements of the root
of the right lung which the doctor sees in the separation and processing from top to bottom?

A) Pulmonary artery, bronchus, pulmonary veins

+B) bronchus, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein

C) Pulmonary vein, pulmonary artery, bronchus

D) Bronchus, pulmonary artery, phrenic nerve

E) Phrenic nerve, bronchus, bronchial artery and vein

273. On examination of the oral cavity dentist revealed inflammation of the tissues surrounding the
tooth. What anatomical formation affected?

+A) Paradontium

B) Cementum

C) Gingiva

D) Alveola dentalis

E) Periodont

274. A) mother with child 2 years appealed to the pediatrician. How many baby teeth should be
inthis child?

A) 8

B) 18

C) 16

D) 10

+E) 20

275. In a newborn baby during the first days, pediatrician noticed that when it is sucking, milk gets
into the nasal cavity. What kind of development abnormality does this fact indicate?

A) cleft lip.

B) esophagus narrowing.

C) anus atresia.

+D) cleft palate.

E) esophageal atresia.

276. A patient with sinusitis has impaired connection between maxillary paranasal sinus and middle
meatus. Which of the following usually ensures air flow from the nasal passage to the maxillary sinus?

+A) Hiatus semilunaris

B) Foramina ethmoidalia

C) Recessus sphenopalatinus

D) Canalis nasolacrimalis

E) Infundibulum ethmoidale
277. A 45-year old male was hospitalized with a diagnosis of glomerulonephritis. The urine analysis
showed the presence of blood corpuscles. Which part of the nephron was damaged?

+A) Renal corpuscle

B) Proximal straight tubule

C) Distal convoluted tubule

D) Proximal convoluted tubule

E) Distal straight tubule

278. On examination of the oral cavity dentist noticed in a child the appearance of first permanent
lateral incisors. What is the age of the child?

+A) 9

B) 6

C) 7

D) 11

E) 13

279. After removing the tooth of the patient, the dentist saw that it has two roots. What is the tooth?

A) Canine

B) upper molar

+C) lower molar

D) Lower premolar

E) Upper incisor

280. Patient aged 30 with inflammation of the 2nd upper molar pulp came to a doctor complaining
of headaches and mucus from the nose. After examination he was diagnosed - pulpitis, complicated with
sinusitis. To which of the sinuses did he infection come from the root of the tooth?

A) sphenoid

+B) maxillary

C) ethmoidal

D) frontal

E) mastoid cells

281. A patient with same organs injury was admitted to hospital. The tunica muscularis of the tubular
organs consists of two layers, except:
a)esophagus

b)duodenum

+c)stomach

d)ileum

e)jejunum

282. A 65-year old patient came to the hospital due to urination disorders. The examination
revealed hypertrophy of the prostate. The increase of which parts of the prostate is a possible cause of
these disorders?

A) The left part

+B) Isthmus (medium part)

C) Prostate capsule

D) Right part

E) prostatic duct

283. At patient a necrotic form is diagnosed of acute pancreatitis. In which of the peritoneal spaces at
once will exudate spread?

+a)into bursa omentalis

b)into bursa hepatica

c)into bursa pregastrica

d)into right lateral canal

e)into left lateral canal

284. A patient has Conn's syndrome - adenoma of the glomerular zone of adrenal cortex with
increased secretion of hormones that leads to sustained hypertension. Which hormone is produced by
glomerular zone of the adrenal cortex?

A) Androstenediol.

B) Cortisol, corticosterone.

+C) Aldosterone.

D) Androgens, estrogens, progesterone.

E. Epinephrine, norepinephrine.

285. A doctor examining a child's nasal cavity, established mucosal proliferation in the region of
infundibulum. In which paranasal sinus of the child there is difficult penetration of air?

A) Sinus sphenoidalis
B) Sinus maxillaris.

+C) anterior ethmoid bone cells.

D) middle ethmoid bone cells.

E) Sinus frontalis.

286. A doctor checks nasolacrimal duct patency. Which passage of the nasal cavity does the duct
open into?

A) Upper nasal.

B) General nasal.

C) Middle nasal.

+D) Inferior nasal.

E) Naso-pharyngeal.

287. A 22-months old child has 18 teeth. Which teeth can be expected to teethe in the near future?

A) mandibular canine teeth

B) maxillary canine teeth

+C) 2 molars on the lower jaw

D) lateral incisors in the mandible

E) 2 molars in the upper jaw

288. A patients developed acute anuria (lack of urine) after hysterectomy. Which anatomical
structures were most likely damaged during the operation?

A) urethra.

+B) ureter

C) external sphincter of the urethra.

D) internal sphincter of the urethra.

E) bulbospongiosus muscle.

289. A doctor examining a nasal cavity of a woman who is a heavy smoker found inflammation of
the mucous membrane in the area of canalis incisivus. Which meatus is it in?

A) Meatus nasopharyngeus.

B) Meatus nasi superior.

C) Meatus nasi communis.

D) Meatus nasi medius.

+E) Meatus nasi inferior.

290. A 58-year old man came to urologist complaining of sharp pain during urination and reduction
in the amount of urine. The doctor suggested the presence of urinary stone disease. In which part of the
male urethra can the stones be most likely stuck?

A) Pars pelvina

B) Pars spongiosa

+C) Pars membranacea

D) Pars intramuralis

E) Pars prostatica

291. Child 3-year-old was hospitalized with the foreign body in a bronchus. In which bronchus did a
strange body get most probably, if approximately its diameter is 1,5 cm?

a)in right medial segmental bronchus

b)in left main bronchus

+c)in right main bronchus

d)in left lobar bronchus

e)in left medial segmental bronchus

292. A patient with a tumor of the left main bronchus has complaints about difficulties in the
passage of food. Which organ may be involved in the malignant process?

A) Heart.

B) The main bronchi.

C) Retrosternal gland.

D) Trachea.

+E) Esophagus.

293. On examination of oral cavity dentist discovered carious cavity on the surface of the crown of
the premolar, which borders the first molar. Name the damaged surface of the crown.

+A) Facies mesialis

B) Facies distalis

C) Facies vestibularis

D) Facies lingualis

E) Facies occlusalis
294. Mother of a 9-year old girl came to an endocrinologist complaining of breast enlargement,
blood vaginal discharge, increased hair growth on the body and around the vulva. Which endocrine
gland is affected (which inhibits premature puberty)?

+A) Epiphysis cerebri

B) Gl. Thyroidea

C) Hypophysis cerebri

D) Gl. Suprarenalis

E) Gl. parathyroidea

295. On examination of the oral cavity child 7years dentist found that behind the second milk molar
tooth has grown tooth. Define this tooth?

A) The third permanent molar

B) The second permanent molar

+C) The first permanent molar

D) The first permanent premolar

E) The second permanent premolar

296. In case of the injury of the frontal part of the neck in the midline, there is intense bleeding and
difficulty in breathing. The examination showed that in addition to injured trachea, the thyroid isthmus
was also injured. At which level relative to the trachea is the wound located?

+A) II-III tracheal cartilage

B) IV-V tracheal cartilage

C) V-VI tracheal cartilage

D) III-IV tracheal cartilage

E) VI-VII tracheal cartilage

297. On examination of oral cavity dentist discovered decay on the surface of the first lower
premolar crown turned to teeth of the upper jaw. On what surface operates the doctor?

+A) Facies occlusalis

B) Facies vestibularis

C) Facies ingualis

D) Facies mesialis

E) Facies distalis
298. A sick child, 10 days old, had a surgery because of labium leporinum (upper lip splitting) which
is the result of:

A) nonunion of the third gill arch

B) nonunion of palatal plate of the maxillary process of the 1st gill arch.

C) nonunion of the second gill arch.

+D) nonunion of the processes: medial nasal and maxillary process of the 1st gill arch.

E) nonunion of the maxillary and mandibular processes of the first gill arch.

299. The dentist during inspection of tooth after extraction that has big crown in a diamond-shaped,
four tubercle and three roots (2 buccal and 1lingual). Determine which this tooth.

A) Lower 1st large molar

+B) Upper 1st large molar

C) Upper 2nd large molar

D) Lower 2nd large molar

E) Upper 3 large molar

300. At children often it is possible the difficulty in nasal breathing, which is conditioned by the
surplus excrescence of lymphoid tissue of mucous membrane of pharynx. Which of the following tonsils
can the excrescence entail this state?

a)lingual

+b)pharyngeal

c)palatine

d) mandibular

e) tubal

301. A patient with lingual surface smaller than buccal surface was removed a tooth. Chewing
surface is oval-shaped. Deep transverse sulcus is separating the buccal and lingual tubercles. Root is
strongly compressed in mesio-distal direction with longitudinal sulci on approximal surfaces and cleft.
Determine which tooth removed.

+A) The first upper premolar

B) Lower canine

C) The first lower premolar

D) The second upper premolar

E) The upper canine

302. In patient with injury of base skull set damage of hamulus of medial plate of sphenoid bone.
Which muscle of soft palate is broken?

A) palatopharyngeus

B) Palatoglossus

C) Levator veli palatini

D) Musculus uvulae

+E) Tensor veli palatini

303. In to the dental clinic has addressed sick with inflammation of the alveolar prosess of the upper
jaw (osteomyelitis). Which tooth structure can suffer with this disease in the first place?

A) Enamel

B) Pulp

C) Dentin

+D) Periodont

E) Cement

304. A 50 years old man was taken to hospital with acute pain in the abdomen. What part of colon
may be damaged at the wound in the right half of abdomen?

+a)colon ascendens

b)colon descendens

c)colon transversum

d)colon sigmoideum

e)rectum

305. Immunologist diagnoses in a teenage girl with the violation of the generation of B -
lymphocytes. Which blood forming and immune system organ is the source of the formation of B -
lymphocytes?

A) tonsils

+B) red bone marrow

C) thymus

D) spleen

E) isolated lymph nodes

306. In patient disturb disorders of pain and temperature sensitivity of the tongue. What papillae
affected?
A) foliate papillae, fungiform papillae

+B) filiform papillae, conical

C) vallate papillae, filiform papillae

D) conical, vallate papillae

E) fungiform papillae, filiform papillae

307. 27-year old male to the doctor. Examination showed increase in the size of hand, foot and
lower jaw. In addition, there was deformity of the joints and spine, hormonal disorders (impotence,
testicular atrophy), the function of which gland is abnormal?

+A) anterior pituitary

B) adrenal glands

C) pineal body

D) thyroid gland

E) parathyroid glands

308. The mother appealed for help to the pediatrician. Sick boy 12 months with fever, crying, taking
toys into the mouth. Which tooth erupt at this age?

+A) first lower molar

B) medial lower incisor

C) premolar

D) Canine

E) lower second molar

309. In patient 60-year-old after the operation it is need to conduct the urine catheter. In what part
of urethra it is a risk for potential trauma?

+a)pars prostatica

b)ostium urethrae externum

c)pars spongiosa

d)pars cavernosa

e)pars membranacea

310. At patient, there was an obturative icterus as a result of malignant tumour. Deleting a tumour, a
surgeon takes into account that on the papilla major of duodenum is opened:

+a)hepato-pancreatic ampule
b)ductus cysticus

c)common hepatic duct

d)left hepatic duct

e)right hepatic duct

311. A patient has Recklinghausen's disease which occurs in case of the parathyroid glands
hyperfunction. The examination revealed kidney stones, chest limbs, bone distortion, missing teeth,
spontaneous fractures often occur. The increased amount of which hormone was detected in the
plasma of the patient?

A. triiodothyronine.

+B) parathyrin.

C) calcitonin.

D) tetraiodothyronine.

E) thyrotropin.

312. On oral cavity examination, to the right of the tongue frenulum, hypoglossal papilla is
increased. Specify glands whose excretory function would be affected?

A) sublingual and parotid

B) thyroid and parathyroid

+C) submandibular and sublingual

D) parotid and thyroid

E) parotid and submandibular

313. A patient was admitted to the hospital with problem in abdomen. The double layer of
peritoneum that supports the intestinal tract is called:

a)visceral peritoneum

+b)mesentery

c)greater omentum

e)excavation

d)lesser omentum

314. 18-year old man came to a sexologist. On analyzing complaints and after examining the young
man, the doctor diagnosed: abnormal ejaculation in the output phase (accumulation of secretions in the
prostate of the male urethra). Along which duct the secret comes (sperm and seminal fluid) to the male
urethra?

+A) Ductus ejaculatorius.

B) Ductus excretorius.

C) Ductus deferens.

D) Ductus epididymidis.

E) Ductuli prostatici.

315. Which of following types of teeth in 25-years-old patient are found in the permanent but not in
the deciduous dentition?

a)medial incisors

b)canines

+c)premolars

d)molars

e)lateral incisors

316. A patient developed a tumor in the bottom of the bladder. Which organ can it damage taking
into account syntopy of the bladder?

A) rectum.

B) spermatic cord.

+C) prostate.

D) ampulla of the deferent duct.

E) seminal vesicles.

317. The dentist examination at the mouth of the patient revealed inflammation of the tissue
surrounding the tooth. What are inflamed tissues?

+A) Paradont

B) Gingiva

C) Pulpa dentis

D) Dentinum

E) Cementum

318. On prophylactic examination in kindergarten dentist found in a girl 4 years a short frenulum of
the upper lip. On what teeth negative impact of this anomaly?

A) lateral lower incisors

B) medial lower incisors

C) lateral upper incisors

+D) medial upper incisors

E) canines

319. On examination, the patient's oral cavity dentist found carious cavity on the surface of the
second molar, which is turned to the first molar. Identify the affected surface crown.

A) Facies vestibularis

B) Facies distalis

C) Facies lingualis

+D) Facies mesialis

E) Facies occusialis

320. A woman was taken to hospital with symptoms of acute abdomen. On examination, ectopic
pregnancy was suspected. Which anatomical structures of the pelvis should be punctured to confirm the
correct diagnosis?

+A) Excavatio rectouterina

B) Excavatio vesicouterina

C) Excavatio rectovesicalis

D) Fossa ischiorectalis

E) Processus vaginalis peritonei

321. In a patient, pneumonia was complicated by the exudative pleurisy. In which of these
anatomical structures can fluid usually build up?

A) sinus obliquus pericardii

B) sinus phrenicomediastinalis pleurae

C) sinus transversus pericardii

+D) sinus costodiaphragmaticus pleurae

E) sinus costomediastinalis pleurae

322. On examination of oral cavity dentist discovered carious on the surface of the crown of the
lower canine turned to the first premolar. Name this surface.

+A) Facies distalis

B) Facies vestibularis

C) Facies lingualis

D) Facies mesialis
E) Facies occlusalis

323. For specification of diagnosis in a patient 15 years old needs to do sialography of parotid gland,
where the hole through which will be introduced radiographic weight:

A) In the region sublingualis

B) on the cheek in the area in front of the 2nd lower tooth

C) on the cheek in the area in front of the upper 2nd premolar

D) In caruncula sublingualis

+E) on the cheek in the area in front of the upper 2nd molar

324. During bladder catheterization on rapid catheter introduction bleeding due to injury of the
mucous membrane of the urethra in the area of voluntary sphincter appeared. Where in the urethra
should a doctor should be careful and feel soft tissue resistance during the catheter's passage?

+A) In pars membranacea uretrae

B) In bulbus uretrae

C) In pars spongiosa uretrae

D) In the area fossa navicularis uretrae

E) In past prostatica uretrae

325. On cystoscopy under normal conditions, bladder mucosa forms folds except one triangular
area where the mucosa is smooth. In which part of the bladder is this triangle situated?

A) Bladder neck

B) Top bladder

C) Body of the bladder

D) Isthmus of the bladder

+E) Bottom of the bladder

326. A patient was admitted to the hospital with acute pain in the oral cavity. What muscle does
dilate a glottis?

a)cricothyroid

+b)posterior cricoarytenoid

c)lateral cricoarytenoid

d)vocalis

e)anterior cricoarytenoid
327. Patient has violation feeling bitter taste. What tongue papillae affected?

A) Papillae conicae

B) Papillae foliatae

+C) Papillae vallatae

D) Papillae filiformes

E) Papillae fungiformes

328. Examination of a 47-year old woman revealed reflux (urine reflux). In which part of the kidney
are the smooth muscles that stop urine from flowing back located?

A) Pelvis renalis

+B) Calyx renalis minor

C) Ductuli papillares

D) Capsula glomeruli

E) Calyx renalis major

329. During a sugrery for femoral hernia a surgeon operates within the boundaries of femoral
trigone. What structure makes up its upper margin?

A)Lig.lacunare.

B) Fascia lata.

C) Lig.pectinale.

D) Arcus iliopectineus.

+E) Lig.inguinale.

330. A 35-years-old patient has been delivered into the surgical ward with a suppurating wound in
the neck, anterior to trachea (previsceral space). If a surgical operation is not performed urgently, there
is a risk of infection spreading to:

A) Thoracic cavity - posterior mediastinum.

B) Retrovisceral space.

+C) Thoracic cavity-anterior mediastinum

D) Interaponeuritic suprasternal space.

E) Thoracic cavity-middle mediastinum.

CNS
331. Patient 55 years old, complained of gait disturbance and inability to hold vertical position, thus
was admitted to the hospital. The doctor diagnosed a significant degeneration of the white matter of
the cerebellum, middle cerebellar peduncles and olivo-cerebellar pathways. Through which structures of
the CNS the tractus olivocerebellaris passes?

a) Superior cerebellar peduncles

+b) Inferior cerebellar peduncles

c) Midle cerebellar peduncles

d) Pedunculicerebri

e) Posterior crus of internal capsule

332. In a patient, the brain tumor was diagnosed, located in the posterior horn of the lateral ventricle
and the area of "calcarine spurs." Violation of which function in a patient will develop if the tumor will
continue to develop rapidly?

+a) Disturbance of visual function

b) Disturbance of olfactory function

c) Disturbance of taste function

d) Disturbance of vestibular analyzer

e) Disturbance of acoustic function

333. The patient admitted to the hospital with hemorrhage occurred in the area "sulcus calcarinus".
Which are the functions of the body were injured?

a) Somatosensory

b) Olfactory

c) Auditory

d) Motor function

+e) Visual function

334. In the patient, the loss of general sensation in some areas at one side of the body was revealed
after the trauma of the head. Which cerebral gyrus was damaged?

a)upper temporal

b)precentral

+c)postcentral

d)lower temporal

e)middle temporal
335. In the patient the lesion of anterior horns of the spinal cord by the tumor was revealed. Define
the body which neurons are affected?

a) Parasympathetic

b) sensory

c) Sympathetic

+d) Motor

e) Mixed

336. The patient was appealed to the doctor with complaints of loss of opportunities to distinguish
colors. After examination the retinal structures disturbance that are responsible for this kind of
sensitivity was revealed. What is the structure?

+a) Cons

b) Rods

c) Bipolar neurons

d) Multipolar neurons

e) Ganglionic neurons

337. The Parkinson disease developing was revealed in 49 years old women. In MRI image the
degradation of substantia nigra was found. the Substantia nigra is a source:

+a) of dopamine

b)of adrenaline

c) of acetylcholine

d)of serotonine

e) of melatonin

338. The patient 63 years old asks the neurologist with a complaint that three months can not
perform carpentry that require precision performance, because that the right hand does many
inaccurate movements. The doctor has found that the patient has damaged:

+a) Gyrus supramarginalis.

b) Gyrus postcentralis.

c) Gyrus precentralis.

d) Gyrus temporalis superior.

e) Gyrus angularis
339. In the patient there were paralysis after trauma and disorders of pain sensitivity on the right
side, on the left paralysis are absent, but disturbance of pain and temperature sensitivities. What is the
reason of such state?

+a) damage of spinal cord on right side

b) damage of the cerebellum

c) damage of the motor zone of cerebral hemisphere

d) damage of the midbrain

e)damage of caudate nucleus

340. In the 35 years old patient after the meningoencephalitis, the acute decreasing of a hearing was
revealed. The examination of the patient excludes pathology of the sensory and conductive hearing
apparatus. Which gyrus of the cerebral cortex involved in pathological phenomenon?

+a) Superior temporal

b) Superior frontal

c) Supramarginal

d) Angular

e) Middle temporal

341. As a result of the road accident the patient 29 years old has been taken to the hospital with the
trauma of the spinal column. The examination revealed the right-paralysis of the lower limb with
increased muscle tone. What part of the central nervous system was damaged by injury?

a) Anterior horn of spinal cord

b) Posterior horn of spinal cord

c) Anterior funiculus of spinal cord

d) Medulla

+e) Right cortico-spinal tract

342. After cranial trauma the patient has lost ability to feel the taste and smell. Which cortical center
was damaged?

+a)uncus

b)insula Reili

c) lower frontal gyrus

d)upper parietal lobule

e)middle temporal gyrus

343. The patient with the clinical dysfunction of the spinal cord at the lumbar segments need surgery.
Where are the segments located?

a) Th XII — L I

b) Th VII-X

c) Th XI-XII

+d) Th Х-XІ

e) L I-II

344. As a result of the road accident the patient 35 years old has been taken to the hospital with the
trauma of the spinal column. The examination revealed the right-paralysis of the lower limb with
increased muscle tone due to the damage of cortico-spinal tract. Where is the crossway of the piramidal
tract located?

a) Capsula interna

b) Midbrain

+c) Medulla

d) Pons

e) Thalamus

345. The patient 35 years old was hospitalized with the damage to the cervical spinal cord segments
after the road accident. How many segments has this part of the spinal cord?

a) 7

+b) 8

c) 5

d) 12

e) 2

346. The patient was admitted the hospital with suspected bleeding in the brain area. In tomographic
examination the injury of the site entitled trigonum lemnisci was established. Which of the pathways is
this site belongs to?

a) Tr. Frontopontinus

b) Tr.opticus

+c) Tr acousticus

d) Tr. Tectospinalis

e) Tr. Reticulospinalis
347. In the patient a brain tumor in the area of the posterior crus of the internal capsule (in the
posterior part) was discovered on the CT image by the doctor. What should be functional disorders in
this patient?

+a) Vision and hearing

b) Voluntary movement of the head and neck muscles

c) Voluntary movement of the body and limbs

d) Proprioceptive and exteroceptive sensation from the opposite side

e) Olfaction

348. Patient's head injury caused loss of tactile and temperature sensations. Which gyrus was
affected because of trauma?

a) Precentral

b) Angular

c) Supramarginal

+d) Postcentral

e) Cinguli

349. The patient becomes tired quickly when working. In a standing position with closed eyes his
reeling and loses balance. Skeletal muscle tone is decreased. Which of the brain structures most likely
injured in this man?

a) Thalamus

b) Basal ganglia

c) Limbic system

d) Precentral gyrus of hemispheres

+e) Cerebellum

350. After a brain injury the patient 47 years old asked for the medical assistant with complaints
about the precise movements disorders in the upper extremities: it can not button, light a match, pour a
glass of water. The examination has found that the muscle strength, the deep muscle sense and the
coordination mechanisms are saved. Which area of the cerebral cortex was affected?

+a) Supramarginal gyrus

b) Near the calcarine sulcus

c) Precentral gyrus

d) Transverse temporal gyrus

e) angular gyrus
351. At a patient 46 years old with glaucoma, there is a significant increase of intraocular pressure
with the hypersecretion of aqueous humour. With the damage of which structure is the disturbance of
liquid circulation connected?

a)sinus venosus sclerae

b)iris

c)choroids

+d)ciliary body

e) ciliary muscle

352. When examining a patient 54 years old the tumor of internal structure of the pons at the
formation of corpus trapezoideum was established. Which of the pathways of the brain they belong to?

+a) Tr. Acusticus

b) Tr. spinothalamicus lateralis

c) Tr. spinocerebellaris anterior

d) Tr. spinocerebellaris posterior

e) Tr. spinothalamicus anterior

353. The patient 41 years old was diagnosed with the bleeding in the posterior horn of the spinal
cord. What have they functions?

a) Mixed

b) Motor

c) Sympathetic

d) Parasympathetic

+e) Sensory

354. A child was admitted to the hospital, diagnosed with a fracture of the base of the skull.
Dominated bulbar disorders. In the area of which fossa was fracture?

a) temporal

b) anterior

c) middle

+d) Posterior

e) infratemporal

355. The patient has paralysis of the right upper and lower limbs. The center of which hemisphere of
the brain is damaged?
a) Center of simultaneous rotation of the head and eyes to the opposite side of the right hemisphere

+b) Motor center of left hemisphere

c) Motor center of right hemisphere

d) Center of precise movement of the left hemisphere

e) Center of stereognosis of the left hemisphere

356. The patient 82 years old complains of loss of taste sensitivity. Which parts of the cortex is
damaged?

+a) Uncus and hyppocampus

b) Inferior frontal lobe and subcalose area

c) Angulare gyrus and hyppocampus

d) Uncus and inferior area of postcentral gyrus

e) Subcalose area and cingulate gyrus

357. In a patient, 36 years old, there is disturbance a motor's function of the tongue after a viral
infection. With pathology of which nerve is this state connected?

a)vagus

+b)hypoglossal

b)lingual

d)glossopharyngeal

e)facial

358. The women 27years old has appealed to the doctor-ophtalmologist complaining of blurred
vision. The examination has found the violations of lens accommodation process. The function which
anatomical structures is disturbed in patients?

+a) M. Ciliaris

b) M. dilatator pupillae

c) M. sphincter pupillae

d) Lig. pectinatum iridis

e) Corpus vitreum

359. After the patient's brain computer tomography doctor has found a tumor that is localized in the
area if inferior salivatory nucleus. What is the part of the brain?

+a) Medulla
b) Midbrain

c) Diencephalon

d) Pons

e) Cerebellum

360. The patient after the circulatory disorders of the brain has lost the ability to write letters and
numbers. In which part of the brain the pathology occurred?

a) Lobus parietalis

b) Lobus temporalis

+c) Lobus frontalis

d) Lobus occipitalis

e) Insula

361. In a patient 65 years old the violations of motor centers that regulate the activity of the muscles
of the head was observed after the household trauma. In which areas of the cerebral cortex, the
corresponding center is localized?

a) Upper part of the precentral gyrus

+b) Lower part of the precentral gyrus

c) Marginal gyrus

d) Superior parietal lobe

e) Angular gyrus

362. In one of the clinics the boy's parents asked for medical assistance. Boy 12 years old had growth
of about 2 meters. After the scull X-ray examining an increase of Turkish saddle, fossa was revealed.
What is the structure of the brain has been changed in the boy?

a) Epiphysis

+b) Hypophysis

c) Thalamus

d) Midbrain

e) Medulla

363. The patient can't understand the text (can't read) because of complication after the trauma of
the head. Where is the localization of the central nervous system lesion?

a) Superior temporal gyrus

+b) gyrus angularis

c) Superior frontal gyrus

d) Middle temporal gyrus

e) Middle frontal gyrus

364. In the patient 49 years old there is damage to the white matter of the spinal cord within the
lateral part of the posterior cord and clinics of disturbance of proprioceptive sensitivity of muscles and
joints of the upper limb. The fibers of which pathways forms the lateral part of posterior cord?

a) Tr. spinothalamicus lateralis

+b) fasciculus cuneatus tr.bulbothamici

c) Tr. spinocerebellaris anterior

d) Tr. spinocerebellaris posterior

e) Fasciculus gracilis tr.bulbothamici

365. In patient 26 years old the ability to read, to write letters of words and phrases has disappeared
after the surgery. In which area of cortex the function is not restored?

a) Gyrus supramarginalis

b) Cuneus

c) Sulcus calcarinus

d) Gyrus parietalis superior

+e) Gyrus angularis

366. A patient, who 3 months ago has got a trauma of the head, hears a language, understands it,
can talk, but cannot correctly name an object and recognize them. Which area of the cerebral cortex
was damaged?

a)lower frontal

b)middle temporal

c)upper frontal

d)lower temporal

+e) occipital

367. The patient after car crash during 3 weeks complaints into the disturbance of emptying of
urinary bladder. Afterwards the periodic emptying was stabilized, but had an involuntary character.
Injuring of what part of CNS caused such state?

a)spinal cord (C6)

b) frontal lobes
c) nucleus caudatus

+d) sacral segments

e) medulla

368. The subarachnoidal posttraumatic hematoma was revealed in a patient's parietal region.
Because of this the overall loss of sensitivity was found by the doctor. What gyrus was subjected to
compression?

+a) Postcentral

b) Precentral

c) Superior temporal

d) Angular

e) Superior parietal

369. The patient 67 years old was admitted to the hospital after the hemorrhage in the area of
thalamus. There are investigated receptors, information from which is transmitted to cortex without
participation of thalamus. These receptors are:

a)of touch

b)of vision

c)of hearing

+d)of smell

e) proprioceptive

370. The patient 62 years old was admitted to the hospital with the hemorrhage in the area of
inferior cerebral peduncles. What conducting pathway does not form the inferior cerebellar peduncle?

+a)tractus spinocerebellaris anterior

b)tractus spinocerebellaris posterior

c)fibrae arcuatae externae

d)fibrae olivocerebellaris

e) fibrae vestibulocerebellaris

371. After the brain injury, the patient has lost the ability to perform complex coordinated
movements well-known him before the injury. In which area of the cerebral cortex the respective center
is localized?

a) Gyrus precentralis

b) Gyrus angularis
+c) Gyrus supramarginalis

d) Gyrus lingualis

e) Gyrus parahipocampalis

372. A patient has a tumor in the area of the upper nasal meatus. Which cranial nerve's receptors
may be affected by the tumor?

a)Facial

b) Optic

c) Adductor

d) Trochlear

+e) Olfactory

373. The patient has an impaired vision in the lateral halves of the visual fields of both eyes
(bitemporal hemianopsia). Which is the nervous structure was affected?

a) Right optic tract

b) Left optic tract

+c) Optic chiasm

d) Retina

e) Optic nerves

374. During the medical criminal examination in one of shreds of skin the abundant quantity of sweat
glands was marked. What area did the delivered material belong to? +a)palm

b)abdominal wall

c)back

d)elbow

e) face

375. The patient has neurological symptoms which may be the signs of the stroke in the structure
between the hemispheres. The principal connection between the cerebral hemispheres is:

a)pons

+b)corpus callosum

d)vermis

d)corpus trapezoideum

e) fornix
376. After the trauma of the head, the patient 49 years old has a loss of opportunities to recognize
the surface and the shape of things touching (stereognosis). In which areas of the cerebral cortex
normally appropriate center is localized?

a) Supramarginal gyrus

b) Inferior parietal lobes

+c) Superior parietal lobes

d) parietal gyrus

e) Angular gyrus

377. In the left ventral afferent spinothalamic pathways there were lack of information from certain
parts of the body from opposite segment. Neurons of whose nucleus of posterior horn of the spinal cord
are affected?

a) Substantia spongiosa

+b) Nucleus proprius

c) Substantia gelatinosa

d) Thoracic nucleus of Clark

e) Ventral nucleus

378. The patient 45 years old after the severe common cold has convergent strabismus. Which
muscles of the eyeball are damaged?

a) Musculus rectus oculi medialis

b) Musculus rectus oculi superior

+c) Musculus rectus oculi lateralis

d) Musculus rectus oculi inferior

e) Musculus obliqus oculi superior

379. At a patient, the attacks of stenocardia are accompanied by pain in the left upper limb. What
level does pain impulses converge at on the neurons of somatic sensitivity? a)at thalamus

b)at reticular formation of midbrain

+c)at segments of spinal cord

d)at sensory zones of hemispheres

e) at cerebellum

380. The woman 30 years old suffered on neuritis of the facial nerve, which led to the paralysis of the
facial muscles and hearing loss. Hearing loss was the result of the paralysis:
a) Superior auricle muscle

+b) Stapedius muscle

c) Anterior auricle muscle

d) Posterior auriclemuscle

e) Nasal muscle

381. In order to differentiate the diagnosis of meningitis the studies of cerebrospinal fluid conduct.
Where in the lumbar puncture is safe?

+a) L III -L IV

b) L II -L III

c) L I –L II

d) Th XII - L I

e) L V - S I

382. The patient due to traumatic brain injury has reduced skin sensitivity. What is the area of the
cerebral cortex may be affected?

a) Frontal area of the cortex

b) Cingular gyrus

+c) Postcentral gyrus

d) Occipital area

e) Precentral gyrus

383. Woman 58 years old was addressed to the doctor with complaints of violations of taste
sensitivity of the tongue. An examination by NMR a hemorrhage in the area of the medulla oblongata
was discovered. Damage of which nucleus of the medulla oblongata could lead to violation of taste in
the patient?

a) Nucleus nervi hypoglossi

b) Nucleus ambiguus

+c) Nucleus tractur solitarii

d) Nucleus salivatorius inferior

e) Nucleus dorsalis nervi vagi

384. The patient has paralysis of the left upper and lower limbs. The center of which hemisphere of
the brain is damaged?

a) Motor center of left hemisphere

b) Center of simultaneous rotation of the head and eyes to the opposite side of the right hemisphere

c) Center of precise movement of the right hemisphere

d) Center of stereognosis of the left hemisphere

+e) Motor center of right hemisphere

385. The surgeon, crossing the pathway of pain sensitivity of spinal cord (chordotomy), uses dens
ligament as a benchmark for procedure. All statements relating to this ligament are true except:

a) It is attached to the dura and arachnoid matter

b) It extends from pia matter

c) It forms about 19-23 teeth

+d) It separates the right and left parts of subarachnoid space

e) It captures the spinal cord, preventing its long stretch

386. The patient was admitted to the hospital with haematoma suspected in the brain area. After the
tomographic examination the lemniscus lateralis damage was revealed. Which of the pathways is this
structure belong to?

a) Tr. Frontopontinus

b) Tr. Pyramidalis

+c) Tr. Acusticus

d) Tr. Tectospinalis

e) Tr. reticulospinalis

387. After the road accident, the patient has lost the ability to read. In which part of the brain is the
lesion?

a) Postcentral gurys

+b) Angular gyrus

c) Precentral gyrus

d) Middle frontal gyrus

e) Superior temporal gyrus

388. The patient (right-handed) complains of loss of ability to perform fine movements needed to
mark letters, words, and other signs. Which region of the cerebral cortex is affected?

a) Middle part of precentral gyrus from left

+b) Dorsal part of middle frontal gyrus of left hemisphere

c) Middle part of right middle frontal gyrus

d) Middle part of right precentral gyrus

e) Insula

389. At a patient, a trauma of the calvaria has happened due to a road accident. The patient was
admitted into the hospital with severe bleeding and fracture of the calvaria bones. Which of the sinuses
of dura mater might be injured?

+a) sagittalis superior

b) petrosus superior

c)sigmoideus

d)rectus

e) transverse

390. The patient appealed to the doctor with complaints of vision disturbance. At the MRI-image of
the patient the tumor of the optic pathway was found. At the damage of which from the following parts
of conducting pathway of visual analyzer will be absent sensitivity to the light irritants of left parts of
retina in both eyes?

a)right tractus opticus

+b)left tractus opticus

c)optic chiasma

d)right optic nerve

e)left optic nerve

391. After the trauma the patient 45years old has loss of sensitivity on specific areas of the right part
of the body. What gyrus of the cerebral hemispheres is affected?

a) inferior temporal

b) Middle temporal

+c) Postcentral

d) precentral

e) Superior temporal

392. In a patient with glaucoma the increased intraocular pressure occurs at normal secretion of
aqueous humor. On the damage of which wall structures of the eyeball related the violations of the
outflow of fluid from the anterior chamber?

a) Ciliary body

b) Vascular layer
c) Ciliary muscle

+d) Venous sinus

e) Posterior epithelium of the cornea

393. The patient 55 years old was admitted to the emergency department in unconscious condition.
After MRI examination the hemorrhage in the area near posterior crus of internal capsule was found.
The posterior crus of internal capsule is located between:

+a)thalamus and globus pallidus

b)globus pallidus and nucleus caudatus

c)nucleus caudatus and thalamus

d)putamen and globus pallidus

e) insula and capsula externa

394. The patient was hospitalized with a closed head trauma in the area of the occipital bone. On
examination, gait disorder, balance disorder and hand's tremor. What part of the brain is damaged?

+a) Cerebellum

b) Medulla

c) Pons

d) Diencephalon

e) Spinal cord

395. A man 25 years old was taken to hospital with skull injuries. An examination of the patient's
revealed lack of voluntary muscle's movements of the head and neck. The damage of which areas of the
brain could caused this?

+a) Lower part of precentral gyrus

b) Lower part of postcentral gyrus

c) Superior part of precentral gyrus

d) Superior part of postcentral gyrus

e) Inferior frontal gyrus

396. At a patient convergent cross-eye was diagnosed after the severe viral infection. Which of the
muscles of eyeball is shortened?

+a)rectus medialis

b)rectus lateralis

c)rectus superior
d)rectus inferior

e) oblique superior

397. In a case of the cerebrospinal fluid pathways' blockade at the median and lateral apertures IV
ventricle the occlusive syndrome develops. In which the cavity is difficult the CSF outflow in this
pathology through these holes?

a) III ventricles

b) lateral ventricles

c) cerebral aqueduct

+d) Subarachnoid space

e) IV ventricles

398. In carrying out of MRI imaging of the patient's 48 years old it was discovered a tumor that is
localized in the medial department of crus cerebry base. Which pathways fibers normally localized in
this area?

a) Tr. Occipitotemporoparietopontinus

b) Tr. Pyramidalis

+c) Tr. Frontopontinus

d) Tr. Rubrospinalis

e) Tr. tectospinalis

399. After haemorrhage in the patient aphasia appeared - a missed opportunity to pronounce words.
In what gyrus the hemorrhage is localized?

a) Middle temporal

b) Superior frontal

c) Middle frontal

d) Superior temporal

+e) Inferior frontal

400. The patient 59 years old has problem with voluntary movement of right hand because of the
tumor of spinal cord. Nerve impulses stimulating for voluntary muscle contractions are transmitted
through:

a)funiculus anterior

b)funiculus lateralis

c)funiculus posterior
+d)both a and b

e)both b and c

401. In a boy 12 years old inflammation of the inner ear was complicated by diffuse meningitis. The
doctor suggested that the process spread through communication between the subarachnoid space of
the brain and the inner ear perilymphatic space. Through which anatomical formation this inflammation
passed?

a) Fossa subarcuata

b) Hiatus canalis n. petrosi majoris

c) Hiatus canalis n. petrosi minoris

+d) Аqueductus vestibuli

e) Fissura petrosquamosa

402. The patient has inflammation of the inner ear. After the examination, the lesion of VIII pairs of
cranial nerves was defined by the doctor. Where are the bodies of the first neurons of the auditory
analyzer?

a) G. Vestibulare

+b) G. spirale

c) G. Geniculi

d) G. Trigeminale

e) G. ciliare

403. The patient does not understand the meaning of the words, as well as his own speech. What
gyrus of the cerebral hemispheres is affected?

a) Superior parietal lobe

b) Postcentral

c) Inferior frontal

+d) Superior temporal

e) Inferior parietal lobe

404. In a patient 26 years old after the surgery, there were lost the ability to read letters, words, and
phrases. In which area of the cortex the function is not restored?

a) Cuneus

+b) Gyrus anqularis

c) Sulcus calcarinus
d) Gyrus temporalis superior

e) Gyrus supramarginalis

405. Because of injuries the patient 22 years old was admitted to the neurological department. An
increase pupil diameter and violations of pupillary reflex was found by the doctor during the
examination. Activities which muscle is blocked?

a) Musculus dilatator pupillae

+b) Musculus sphincter pupillae

c) Musculus ciliaris

d) Musculus rectus superior

e) Musculus rectus inferior

406. Due to the tumor in the third ventricle of the brain of the patient there were developing of the
autonomic disorders as sleep disorders, thermoregulation, all types of metabolism, diabetes insipidus.
Irritating of nuclei of which areas of the brain caused these symptoms?

+a) Hypothalamus

b) Tegmentum of the midbrain

c) Pons

d) Peduncles of the brain

e) Medulla

407. Patient 49 years old was appealed to the doctor with complaints about the appearance of dark
spots before his eyes. After ophthalmoscopy swelling of retina in the area most sensitive to light was
revealed. What is the area of the retina was affected?

a) Fovea centralis

b) Discus nervi optici

c) Ora serata

+d) Macula lutea

e) Pars caeca retinae

408. In the patient 49 years old after the MRI the tumor of the pons tegmentum with damage fibrae
pontis transversae was found. Which of the pathways of the brain they belongs to?

a) Tr. Tectospinalis

b) Tr. Rubrospinalis

c) Tr. Pyramidalis
+d) Tr. Corticopontocerebellaris

e) Tr. reticulospinalis

409. Examination of the brain using MRI has revealed that the hematoma in a patient is at the genu
of the internal capsule. Which pathways are damaged in a patient?

a) Tr.cortico-spinalis

+b) Tr.cortico-nuclearis

c) Tr.cortico-fronto-pontinus

d) Тr.cortico-thalamicus

e) Tr.thalamo-corticalis

410. The patient has a tumor of brainstem. Because of this, the patient has strabismus, paresis of
facial muscles, lower jaw dropped down, reduced sharpness of hearing. In which part of the brainstem is
the process located?

a) Spinal cord

b) Medulla

c) Midbrain

d) Cerebellum

+e) Pons

411. At a patient 45 years old there changed voice and disturbance of swallowing are observed due
to tumor in medulla, and a meal gets to the nasal cavity. What nucleus of medulla oblongata is damaged
by the tumor?

a)solitarius

b)spinalis n.trigemini

+c)ambiguus

d)dorsalis n.vagi

e) hypoglossy

412. An examination of the patient's the injury of the lemniscus lateralis was revealed. Which of the
pathways is this structure?

+a) Tr. acusticus

b) Tr. pyramidalis

c) Tr. frontopontinus

d) Tr. tectospinalis
e) Tr. reticulospinalis

413. On patient’s MRI image the tumor in posterior horn of spinal cord was found. Bodies of 2nd
neurons of tractus spinocerebellaris posterior are situated in:

+a)nucleus thoracicus

b)nucleus intermediomedialis

c)nucleus intermediolateralis

d)nucleus proprius of posterior horn

e) nucleus marginalis

414. In a patient 65 years old the hemorrhage in the anterior horn of the spinal cord was diagnosed.
What function they have?

+a) Motor

b) Sensory

c) Sympathetic

d) Parasympathetic

e) Mixed

415. After suffering an inflammatory disease in a patient 22years old appeared incomplete
movement of the eyeball in the lateral direction. What nerve in the patient's was damaged?

a) Trochlear

+b) Abducens

c) Optic

d) Oculomotor

e) Facial

416. A patient with a stroke there is an injury of posterior crus of the internal capsule. Which
pathways are there?

+a) Radiatio acustica et radiatio optica

b) Tr. Corticonuclearis

c) Tr. Corticospinalis

d) Tr. Parietopontinae

e) Tr. occipitopontinae
417. During surgery, because of tumor in a patient 57 years old, the doctor manipulates on the
medial wall of the tympanic cavity. The destruction of which canal of temporal bone is possible?

a) Tympanic

+b) Facial

c) Carotid

d) Musculotubular

e) Chorda tympani

418. The patient's pupil becomes narrowed after the intoxication while reducing the lighting the
pupil is not expanding. Which place in the central nervous system was injured by the toxin?

+a) Base of the midbrain's cerebral peduncle near the inferior colliculi of the tegmentum

b) Lateral horn of the spinal gray matter on the level of C VIII — ThI

c) Lateral geniculate body of the diencephalon

d) Tectum of midbrain on the level of superior colliculi of tegmentum

e) Superior colliculi of tegmentum

419. The patient 45 years old was admitted to the emergency department due to cerebral
haemorrhage. After stabilization of the general condition, there is damage of subcortical centers of
equilibrium. Where is this center?

a) Hypothalamus

b) Pons

c) Thalamus

d) Basal nuclei

+e) Nuclei of cerebellum

420. The patient, 47 years old, with a brain tumor at a special X-ray the expansion of I-st, II-nd and III-
d ventricles has been revealed. Indicate the most probable location of the tumor.

a) Telencephalon

b) Medulla

c) Pons

+d) Midbrain

e) Cerebellum

421. At a patient the expansion of hemorrhage was continued in the third ventricle of brain. What
structures does takes part in the formation of its posterior wall?
a)septum pellucidum

b)lamina terminalis

c)corpus fornicis

d)stria medullaris

+e) trigonum colaterale

422. Patient 62 years old after the trauma of the head has the hematoma in the area of gyrus
angularis. The patient can not read and understand written, but the visual function is not impaired. The
nucleus of which analyzer was affected?

+a) Nucleus of visual analyzer of writing speech

b) Nucleus of sound analyzer of oral speech

c) Nucleus of motor analyzer of writing speech

d) Nucleus of visual analyzer

e) Nucleus of motor analyzer of oral speech

423. In the patient after the stroke, the hemorrhage in the area of the medial surface of the occipital
lobe of the brain was detected. The function of which analyzer is likely to be broken?

a) Gustatory

b) Auditory

+c) Visual

d) Olfactory

e) Somatosensory

424. As a result of neurosurgical interference at animal there is narrowing of pupils, paralysis of

accommodation, falling back of eyeball. What neural centers were injured? +a)parasympathetic centers
of midbrain

b)superior colliculi of tectum

c)lateral geniculate bodies

d)C8-Th1 segments of spinal cord

e) red nucleus

425. The patient complains on jiggle and trouble walking. During examination of the patient the
disturbance of proprioceptive sensation was found. Bodies of 2nd neurons of tractus spinocerebellaris
anterior are situated in:

a)nucleus thoracicus
+b)nucleus intermediomedialis

c)nucleus intermediolateralis

d)nucleus proprius of posterior horn

e) nucleus marginalis

426. The patient 45 years old suffered a severe cerebrovascular stroke. After stabilization of the
general condition, there is a loss of opportunities clearly pronounce the word. The damage of which
areas of the cerebral cortex has caused the lesion of motor speech center?

a) Supramarginalis.

+b) Gyrus frontalis inferior.

c) Precentralis.

d) Angularis.

e) Temporalis superior.

427. In a child 10 years old nasopharyngitis was complicated by acute otitis. The middle ear is
separated from the inner ear by:

a)round window

b)tympanic membrane

c)oval window

+d)both a and c

e)both a and b

428. The patient 38 years old was admitted to the neurological department with hemorrhage in the
area near the red nucleus, substantia nigra and corpora quadrigemina. In which region of the brain are
corpora quadrigemina, nucleus ruber and substantia nigra located?

a)diencephalon

b)metencephalon

+c)mesencephalon

d)myelencephalon

e) cerebellum

429. A patient 50 years old after the stroke (hemorrhage in the brainstem) is not responding to
unexpected or excessive sound stimulation. The doctor suspected a patient's subcortical sound centers
damage from which begins a protective way, which is participating in deflection movements of the body
in the case of danger signals. Where are the subcortical centers of hearing?

+a) Colliculus superior

b) Corpus geniculatum mediale

c) Brachium colliculi superiorіs

d) Brachium colliculi inferioris

e) Colliculus inferior

430. The child two years the viral disease was complicated by constant tearing. On examination,
there is blockage of ducts, conducting tear from orbit in to the nasal cavity. What is this channel?

a) superior lacrimal canal

+b) Nasolacrimal duct

c) inferior lacrimal canal

d) rivus lacrimalis

e) lacus lacrimalis

431. Woman 60 years old addressed to the doctor with complains on trouble of movements of the
tongue that prevents it normally to talk and eat. Examination of the brain using MRI showed that the
patient has haemorrhage in the lower medulla oblongata. The damage of which nucleus of the medulla
oblongata in the patient can think about?

+a) Nucleus of hypoglossal nerve

b) Inferior salivatory nucleus

c) Nucleus of accessory nerve

d) Nucleus ambiguus

e) Nucleus of solitary tract

432. Vasospasm of the inner ear's vessels leads to stimulation of vestibular part of VIII pair of cranial
nerves, which symptoms are dizziness, nausea, impaired balance, the appearance of nystagmus. Where
are receptors pars vestibularis n. vestibulocochlearis located?

a) Ganglion oticum

b) Organum spirale

c) Ganglion spirale cochleae

+d) Cristae ampullaris ductus semicircularis, macula sacculi, macula utriculi

e) Ganglion vestibulare

433. The patient complains to the headache, dizziness, and balance disturbance. The obstruction of
connection between the third and fourth ventricles was found. The fourth ventricle is located within:

a)cerebrum
b)mesencephalon

+c)rhombencephalon

d)diencephalons

e) spinal cord

434. At a patient the expansion of hemorrhage was continued in the third ventricle of brain. What
structures does takes part in the formation of its front wall?

a)septum pellucidum

+b)lamina terminalis

c)corpus fornicis

d)stria medullaris

e) thalamus

435. It the man 35-year-old after meningoencephalitis the sharp decline of hearing was revealed. The
inspection has not exposed pathology of sound conducting and sound accepting organs of hearing. In
what cortical gyrus of were there pathological changes? a)supramarginalis

b)middle temporal

c)superior frontal

+d)superior temporal

e) insula

436. The patient complaints about the failure to understand the words, but he hears the sounds. The
violation of which cortical analyzer is it about?

a) Nucleus of sound analyzer

b) Motor analyzer of writing speech

c) Optical analyzer of writing speech

+d) Sound analyzer of oral speech

e) Motor speech center

437. The patient was admitted to the hospital after the appointment in endocrinologist. The
deformation of the Turkish saddle dorsum's shade was revealed on the patient's skull radiograph. The
growth of which structure within the brain could cause such a thing?

a) Hypothalamus

b) Epiphysis

+c) Hypophysis
d) Optic chiasm

e) Thalamus

438. At patient 45years old there is disturbed the feeling of taste after the severe common cold.
What nucleus of medulla oblongata is damaged by the intoxication?

+a)solitarius

b)spinalis n.trigemini

c)ambiguus

d)dorsalis n.vagi

e) facialis

439. 40 years old man was admitted in to the eye department, two weeks ago suffered a burn
injuring of an eyeball. Which of the structures was affected?

a) Iris

b) Ciliary body

+c) Cornea

d) Lens

e) Corpus vitreum

440. The patient, a woman 60 years old, was admitted to the hospital with a tumor in the tegmentum
of midbrain within the area of lemniscus medialis. Which of the pathways is this structure belongs to?

a) Tr. Pyramidalis

+b) Tr. Bulbothalamicus

c) Tr. Frontopontinus

d) Tr. Rubrospinalis

e) Tr. reticulospinalis

441. The judicial pathologist provided the section of the head of the victim of murder. Which of the
following is not lobe of the cerebrum?

a)parietal

b)temporal

+c)sphenoid

d)occipital

e) frontal
442. The tumor of the patient's brain near the red nucleus was revealed on CT image. What part of
the brain is damaged by the tumor?

+a) Midbrain

b) Cerebellum

c) Diencephalon

d) Medulla

e) Pons

443. In a patient the inflammation of part of eyeball, where a blood vessels are absent, was
diagnosed. What a structure is by this feature characterized?

+a)cornea

b)vascular coat

c)iris

d)ciliary body

e)retina

444. A child 10 years old with nasal inflammation complains on a pain in his left ear. The examination
has found inflammation of the middle ear. Through which anatomical formation the infection passed in
the middle ear?

+a) Semicanal of auditory tube

b) Tympanic canal

c) Musculotubal canal

d) Carotic canal

e) Semicanal of tensor tympany muscle

445. The patient was admitted into the hospital with complaints into the balance disturbance. In the
erect position, a patient, closing eyes, loses balance, almost falls. What department of brain at it, more
reliable, is staggered?

a)basal nuclei

+b)cerebellum

c)thalamus

d)gyrus precentralis

e) fornix
446. The patient 69 years old complaints into the sensory loss in the lower left part of body and in
lower left limb. Bodies of 2nd neurons of tractus spinothalamicus are situated in:

a)nucleus thoracicus

b)nucleus intermediomedialis

c)nucleus intermediolateralis

+d)nucleus proprius of posterior horn

e) substantia gelatinosa

447. The man, 52 years old, has limbic form of Alzheimer's disease, the main manifestation of which
is the progressive drop in memory, which is related to the limbic system formations lesion. Which
structures are affected?

a) Fornix, corpora mamillaria, substantia innominata

b) Lobus limbicus

c) Bulbus olfactorius, tractus olfactorius

d) Gyrus fornicatus

+e) Cornu Ammonis

448. Reiter's disease there is a simultaneous destruction of eyeballs, urinary tract and joints. The
most often defined lesion vascular layer. Which are parts of vascular layer?

a) Iris, lens, corpus ciliare

b) Cornea, iris, corpus ciliare

c) Iris, corpus ciliare, sclera

d) Corpus vitreum, iris, corpus ciliare

+e) Iris, corpus ciliare, choroidea

449. The patient 34 years old was admitted to the hospital with compression fracture at the level of
the fourth thoracic vertebra. At the level of which spinal cord segment will be disturbance?

a) ThVII

b) ThII

+c) ThV

d) LI

e) CVIII
450. In the patient 67 years old, as a result of a sudden circulatory disorders in the region of a.
cerebri posterior, the lesions of the posterior hypothalamic area, Lewis' body, dentato-rubro-thalamic
pathway were diagnosed. Through which structures the cerebello-rubro track passes?

a) Inferior cerebellar peduncles

b) Middle cerebellar peduncles

+c) Superior cerebelar peduncles

d) Pedunculi cerebri

e) pedunculi flocculi

451. The patient after head trauma has lost the ability to recognize the objects by their characteristic
sounds (clock ringing, music). What part of the brain is damaged?

a) Insula

b) Lobus frontalis

c) Lobus parietalis

d) Lobus occipitalis

+e) Lobus temporalis

452. The patient was a woman 70 years old and the presence of a tumor on the border of tectum and
the basis of crus of the midbrain was revealed. Which of the internal structures of the midbrain is
located in this area?

+a) Substantia nigra

b) Nucleus ruber

c) Tr. Frontopontinus

d) Lemniscus medialis

e) Tr. reticulospinalis

453. At animal (cat) in the experiment neurosurgical interference was performed, as a result of which
the cat has lost a capacity for the accommodation and convergence of eyes. What nervous structures
were damaged?

a)ganglion superius trunci sympathetici

b)parasympathetic centers of medulla oblongata

+c)tectum mesencephali

d)thalamus

e) pons
454. The woman has appealed to the doctor with complaints of violations of taste sensitivity of the
tongue. Damage of which nucleus of the medulla oblongata could cause these disorders?

+a) Solitarius

b) Ambiguus

c) Hypoglossal nerve nucleus

d) Inferior salivatory

e) Dorsal nucleus of vagus

455. A woman 69 years old was admitted to the hospital complaining of chronic headache. In the
study using magnetic resonance imaging, a neurologist has determined the localization of tumors in the
area of interpeduncular fossa. What is covered this formation?

+a) tectum mesencephali

b) substantia grisea centralis

c) corpus geniculatum mediale

d) corpus pineale

e) substantia perforata posterior

456. An examination of the patient revealed a lack of vision in medial halves of the visual fields of
both eyes. What part of the optic path more likely is damaged?

+a) Chiasma opticus

b) N. Opticus.

c) Tractus opticus.

d) Sulcus calcarinus.

e) Corpus geniculatum laterale

457. After the severe trauma of the back because of car accident the patient was directed into the
MRI examination. The damage of anterior funiculus of spinal cord was found. Anterior funiculus of spinal
cord contains the following motor tracts, except: a)tr.vestibulospinalis

b)tr.reticulospinalis

+c)tr.rubrospinalis

d)tr.tectospinalis

e) tr. Coricospinalis anterior

458. The patient 22 years old was admitted to the neurosurgical department after a car accident with
a brain injury. The lesion of the posterior part of the left inferior frontal gyrus was defined. Thus, the
function of which analyzer center is disturbed?
+a) Motor center of oral speech

b) Somatosensory center

c) Motor center

d) Motor center of writing speech

e) Sound analyzer

459. In the patient 15 years old nasopharyngitis was complicated by purulent otitis and the pus
penetrated upper wall of the tympanic cavity. In which fossa of the skull spread pus from the tympanic
cavity?

a) Orbit

b) Anterior cranial fossa

+c) Middle cranial fossa

d) Posterior cranial fossa

e) Pterigopalate fossa

460. The child 8 years old with purative otitis of middle ear, the infection of the tympanic cavity
spread to jugular bulb. This complication developed because of a thinning of the walls of the tympanic
cavity. Anomaly of which wall was happened?

a) Anterior

b) Medial

c) Superior

d) Lateral

+e) Inferior

461. In the patient 49 years old there is a damage of the white matter of the spinal cord within the
posterior cord and clinic violation of one of the pathways of the spinal cord. From what parts consists
the posterior cord of spinal cord?

a) fasc.spinocerebellaris anteior

b) fasc. Gracilis

c) fasc. Cuneatus

d) fasc. Spinocerebellaris posterior

+e) fasc. gracilis et fasc. Cuneatus

462. Patient M., 41 years old, got into an infectious department of the hospital with high fever.
Objectively are pronounced meningeal symptoms. A spinal puncture was performed. Which anatomical
formation has been punctured?
+a) spatium subarachnoideum

b) spatium subdurale

c) spatium epidurale

d) cavum trigeminale

e) cisterna cerebellomedullaris posterior

463. A patient 12 years old with mumps sudden unilateral complete deafness associated with acute
purative labyrinthitis. Where are receptors of pars cochlearis n. vestibulocochlearis located?

a) Macula utriculi

b) Ganglion spirale cochleae

+c) Organum spirale

d) Macula sacculi

e) Cristae ampullaris ductus semicircularis

464. The patient 54 years old complaining on problem with sharpness of vision. After the
examination, provided by the doctor, the disturbance of the process of accommodation of the eye was
revealed. Which muscle is damaged?

+a) Musculus ciliaris

b) Musculus dilatator pupillae

c) Musculus rectus superior

d) Musculus sphincter pupillae

e) Musculus rectus inferior

465. The patient after stroke can't to write, but can to understand the speech and to read. Where is
the lesion located?

a) Gyrus precentralis

b) Gyrus frontalis superior

+c) Gyrus frontalis medius

d) Gyrus postcentralis

e) Gyrus temporalis superior

466. A man 65 years old was delivered in to the neurological department with the diagnosis of
"stroke". On examination, the patient's facial and masticatory muscles paralysis on the left. A survey by
NMR showed that the haematoma is in genu of internal capsule on right side. Which pathway was
injured in the patient?
a) Tr. cortico-temporo-parieto-occipito-pontinus

b) Tr. Cortico-spinalis.

c) Tr. Cortico-thalamicus.

d) Tr. Cortico-ponto-pontinus.

+e) Tr. Cortico-nuclearis.

467. The disturbance of ANS function was revealed in a patient after the severe intoxication by the
mushrooms. The sympathetic centers in CNS form a continuous cellular column, which extends through
the following segments of spinal cord:

a)C6 – Th9

+b)C8 – L2

c)C3 – S3

d)C7 – L5

e) S2-S4

468. In a patient 75 years old the stroke in an area near the red nucleus was found. A red nucleus is
an important part of:

a)pyramidal system

+b)extrapyramidal system

c)limbic system

d)rhinencephalon

e) medulla

469. The patient complaints into the disturbance of taste. However, touch, pain and temperature
sensitivities are remain. What papillae of the tongue have not taste receptors? +a)filiform

b)vallate

c)fungiform

d)foliate

e) both a and b

470. A laboratory experiment on a dog was used to study central parts of auditory system. One of the
mesencephalon structures was destroyed. The dog has lost the orienting response to auditory signals.
What structure was destroyed?

A. Superior colliculi of corpora quadrigemina.

+B. Inferior colliculi of corpora quadrigemina.

C. Substantia nigra.

D. Reticular formation nuclei.

E. Red nucleus.

471. During experiment a dog has developed conditioned digestive reflex in response to a sound
stimulus. This conditioned reflex will not be exhibited anymore after the extirpation of the following
areas of the cerebral hemispheres:

A) Occipital lobe on one side.

B) Parietal lobe on both side.

C) Temporal lobe on one side.

+D) Temporal lobe on both side.

E) Occipital lobe on both side.

472. After a craniocerebral injury a patient has lost the ability to recognize shapes of object by touch
(stereognosis). What area of cerebral cortex normally contains relevant centers?

A) Inferior parietal lobule.

+B) Superior parietal lobule.

C) Supramarginal gyrus.

D) Angular gyrus.

E) Postcentral gyrus.

473. After a traffic accident a 36 years-old patient has developed muscle paralysis of the extremitis
on the right, lost pain and termal sensitivity on the left, and partially lost tactile sensitivity on both sides.
What part of the brain is the most likely to be damaged?

A) Motor cortex on the left.

+B) Right-hand side of the spinal cord.

C) Left-hand side of the spinal cord.

D) Posterior horn of the spinal cord.

E) Anterior side of the spinal cord.

Parts of neurocyte are everything except:

+ Synapse

The body

Axon
Dendrite

Receptor

Where is the effector neuron?

Cornu posterius medulla spinalis.

+Cornu anterius medulla spinalis.

Ganglion spinale.

Nuclei basale.

Funiculus anterius medulla spinalis.

What are the neurocytes located in the spinal ganglions?

Multipolar

Bipolar

+ Pseudounipolar

Unipolar

Astropolar

What cell performs the reference and trophic function in the nerve tissue?

Bipolar

Multipolar

+ Glyal

Unipolar

Pseudounipolar.

What receptors are located in the muscles, ligaments, joints?

+Proprioceptive.

Introceptive.

Chemoreceptors

Enteroreceptors
What is the place of contact of two neurons?

Conductor.

Receptor.

Effector

Infector

+ Synapse

What are the three primary brain bubbles (vesicles) called?

Rhombencephalon, mesencephalon, telencephalon.

Rhombencephalon, mesencephalon, diencephalon.

Myelencephalon, mesencephalon, telencephalon.

+Rhombencephalon, mesencephalon, prosencephalon.

Myelencephalon, mesencephalon, prosencephalon.

What are the neurons of the pathways in the posterior horns of the spinal cord, cornu posterius medulla
spinalis?

First and the other.

First

+Second

The third

First and third

What are the neurons of the pathways in the ganglions of the spinal nerves?

First and the other.

+First

Second

The third

First and third

In which horns of the spinal cord are located the motor somatic neurons?

Cornu posterius.

Cornu lateralis.

+Cornu anterius.

Cornu anterius et lateralis.

Cornu posterius et lateralis.

In which segments of the spinal cord, medulla spinalis, are cornu lateralis?

Throughout the spinal cord, Medulla spinalis.

+ From C VIII to L II - III.

Above CVIII.

From I to Th XII.

From C III to L III.

Spinal cord, medulla spinalis, has thickening, intumescentia:

Cervicalis, thoracica.

Thoracica, lumbosacral.

Lumbosacral, coccygea.

Sacrococcygea, cervicalis.

+ Cervicalis, lumbosacral.

The white matter of the spinal cord, substantia alba medullae spinalis, forms:

Radices.

Cornu.

Columnae.

Ganglia.

+Funiculius.
Gray matter of the spinal cord, substantia grisea medullae spinalis, forms:

Radices.

+Cornu.

Ganglia.

Funiculius.

Canalis centralis.

Where is the place of the body of the second neuron (conductor) of the reflex arc of the sympathetic
part of the autonomic nervous system?

In the cornu posterius medullaе spinalis.

In the cornu anterius medullaе spinalis.

+ In the cornu lateralis medullaе spinalis.

In the ganglion spinalе.

In the ganglion autonomicum.

Where is the place of the body of the second neuron (conductor) of the simple reflex arc of the somatic
nervous system?

+In the cornu posterius medullaе spinalis.

In the cornu anterius medullaе spinalis.

In the cornu lateralis medullaе spinalis.

In the ganglion spinalе.

In the ganglion autonomicum.

What is the function of the radix anterior medulla spinalis?

Sensorius et autonomicus.

+Motorius et autonomicus.

Motorius et sensorius.

Sensorius.

Motorius, sensorius et autonomicus.

Where are the anterior and lateralis pyramidal pathways, tractus cortico-spinalis (pyramidalis) anterior
and lateralis?

Funiculus posterior et anterior.

Funiculus lateralis et posterior.

+ Funiculus anterior et lateralis.

Fasciculi proprii.

Fasciculus gracilis et cuneatus.

Fasciculus gracilis and cuneatus, are formed:

Axons of the cells of the posterior horns, cornu posterius.

Dendrites of the cells of the posterior horns, cornu posterius.

+Axons of the cells of the ganglia spinalia.

Dendrites of the spinal cord cells, ganglia spinalia.

Axons and dendrites of the cells of the posterior horns, cornu posterius.

Which of the following tractus passes in the funiculus posterior medullae spinalis?

Spinocerebellaris anterior.

Spinocerebellaris posterior.

Rubrospinalis.

+ Fasciculus gracilis.

Spinothalamicus lateralis.

Which of the following tractus сonducts senses pain and temperature?

Pyramidalis.

Fasciculus gracilis.

+Spinothalamicus lateralis.

Spinothalamicus anterior.

Spinocerebellaris posterior.
Where are the tuberculum gracile et cuneatum?

+ Facies dorsalis medullae oblongatae.

Facies ventralis medullae oblongatae.

Facies dorsalis pontis.

Pars cervicalis medullae spinalis.

Isthmus rhombencephali.

What nerve has nucleus ambiguns?

+N.vagus.

N.hypoglossus.

N.facialis.

N.trigeminus.

N.trochlearis.

What parts of the brain form fossa rhomboidea?

Facies dorsalis medulla oblоngata et facies ventralis pontis.

Facies ventralis pontis et medulla oblоngata.

+Facies dorsalis medulla oblоngata et facies dorsalis pontis.

Facies dorsalis mesencephali et velum medullare superius.

Pedunculi cerebri, facies dorsalis pontis.

With which parts of the brain the cerebellum is connected by its

pedunculi cerebellaris inferioris?

Telencephalon.

Diencephalon.

Mesencephalon.

+ Medulla oblongata.

Medulla spinalis.
With which parts of the brain the cerebellum is connected by its

pedunculi cerebellaris media?

Telencephalon.

Diencephalon.

Mesencephalon.

Medulla oblongata.

+Pons

With which parts of the brain the cerebellum is connected by its

pedunculi cerebellaris superioris?

Telencephalon.

Diencephalon.

+Mesencephalon.

Medulla oblongata.

Pons

Which of these structures are part of medulla oblongata?

Pyramides, olivae, pedunculi cerebellares inferiores, sulcus basilaris.

Pyramides, olivae, nucleus gracilis, aqueductus cerebri.

Nuclei gracilis et cuneatum, olivae, pyramides, pedunculi cerebri.

Pyramides, olivae, pedunculus cerebellaris medius.

+Pyramides, olivae, nucleus gracilis et cuneatum, pedunculus cerebellaris inferior.

The nuclei of which cranial nerves, nervi craniales, are in the medulla oblongata?

III - VII

VI - XII

V - VIII

+IX - XII
VII - XII

What is the cavity of the mesencephali?

Ventriculus tertius.

Spatium subarachnoideum.

Ventriculus quartus.

Ventriculus laterales.

+ Aqueductus cerebri.

What is the cavity of the diencephali?

+Ventriculus tertius.

Spatium subarachnoideum.

Ventriculus quartus.

Ventriculus laterales.

Aqueductus cerebri.

What is the cavity of the rhombencephali?

Ventriculus tertius.

Spatium subarachnoideum.

+Ventriculus quartus.

Ventriculus laterales.

Aqueductus cerebri.

Where is the decussatio pyramidum?

Cerebellum.

+Medulla oblongata.

Medulla spinalis.

Pons.

Mesencephalon.
With the help of which the IV ventricle is combined with the spatium subarachnoideum?

Aqueductus cerebri.

Foramen interventriculare.

Venae emissariae.

+Aperturae mediana et laterales.

Canalis centralis medulla spinalis.

Where is the substantia nigra?

Pons.

Medulla oblоngata.

Cerebellum.

Diencephalon.

+ Mesencephalon.

Where is the nucleus ruber?

Pons.

Medulla oblоngata.

Cerebellum.

Diencephalon.

+ Mesencephalon.

Where are the cuniate and gracile nuclei?

Pons.

+Medulla oblоngata.

Cerebellum.

Diencephalon.

Mesencephalon.
Where are the nuclei tecti?

Pons.

Medulla oblоngata.

Cerebellum.

Diencephalon.

+ Mesencephalon.

The nuclei of which pairs of cranial nerves, nervi craniales, are projected on the fossa rhomboidea?

+V - XII

III - IХ

ІІІ- ХІІ

IV - XI

IV - VIII

The nucleus of which pair of the cranial nerves is located on the level of the colliculi inferiores tecti
mesencephali?

+IV

VІ

VІІ

ІII

The nucleus of which pair of the cranial nerves is located on the level of the colliculi superiores tecti
mesencephali?

IV

VІ

VІІ

+ІII
What are the nuclei of n.trigeminus?

Motorius, sensorius, salivatorius superior.

Motorius, spinalis, pontinus, salivatorius superior.

+Motorius, pontinus, mesencephalicus, spinalis.

Nucleus tractus solitarii, spinalis, pontinus, mesencephalicus.

Motorius, sensorius, salivatorius superior.

What are the nuclei of the n.facialis?

Sensorius, solivatorius superior, nucl. n.facialis.

Nucleus tractus solitarii, salivatorius inferior, nucl. n.facialis.

+ Nucleus tractus solitarii, salivatorius superior, nucl. n.facialis.

Sensorius, nucl. n.facialis.

Mesencephalicus, spinalis, nucl. n.facialis.

What are the nuclei of the n.glossopharingeus?

Nucleus tractus solitarii, motorius, salivatorius superior.

Motorius, nucleus tractus solitarii, salivatorius superior.

+Ambiguns, nucleus tractus solitarii, salivatorius inferior.

Sensorius, motorius, salivatorius inferior.

Sensorius, spinalis, pontinus.

What are the nuclei of the n.vagus?

sensorius, salivatorius.

Sensorius, salivatorius superior, salivatorius inferior, motorius.

Motorius, spinalis, ambiguus,

Ambiguus, spinalis, dorsalis.

+Ambiguus, nucleus tractus solitarii, dorsalis.

How many holes does tectum ventriculi quarti have?

One.

Two.

+ Three

Four.

Five.

The nuclei of which the pairs of cranial nerves are in the pons:

III - VI

IV - VII

+V - VIII

V - ІХ

VІ - VІІІ

Where is the nucleus ruber?

Cerebellum.

+Mesencephalon.

Medulla spinalis.

Pons.

Medulla oblongata.

Which nuclei are NOT in the mesencephalon:

+Nucleus caudatus.

Nucleus ruber.

Nuclei III-VI nervus craniales.

++Substantia nigra.

Nuclei tecti.

What structures are the parts of the diencephalon?

Thalamus, epithalamus, metathalamus, ventriculus quartus.

+ Thalamencephalon, hypothalamus, ventriculus tertius.

Thalamencephalon, epithalamus, hypothalamus, ventriculus lateralis.

Thalamus, corpora geniculata et mamillaria, velum medullare superius.

Thalamencephalon, nucleus ruber, epithalamus, ventriculus tertius.

What structures are the parts of the thalamencephalon?

Thalamus, metathalamus, glandula pinealis.

Thalamus, epithalamus, hypothalamus.

+Thalamus, epithalamus, metathalamus

Thalamus, metathalamus, rhinencephalon.

Thalamus, metathalamus, hypothalamus.

Where is the nucleus of common motor analyzer, motor area?

+ Gyrus precentralis

Gyrus postcentralis et lobulus paracentralis.

Gyrus postcentralis et lobulus parietalis superior.

Lobulus parietalis superior et inferior.

Gyrus frontalis medius.

Where is the cortical centre of the analyzer of general sensitivity, sensory area?

Gyrus temporalis medius.

Gyrus temporalis superior.

Gyrus precentralis.

+ Gyrus postcentralis.

Lobulus parietalis inferior.

Where is the visual cortical centre?

Sulcus olfactorius.
Sulcus cinguli.

Sulcus lateralis.

+sulcus calcarinus.

Sulcus parietooccipitalis.

Where is the auditory cortical centre?

+ Gyri temporalis transversi.

Lobulus parietalis superior.

Lobulus parietalis inferior.

Gyrus occipitalis.

Gyrus temporalis inferior.

Where is the smell and tasting centre?

Bulbus olfactorius, trigonum olfactorium.

Lobus insularis.

Gyrus rectus.

+Uncus.

Lobulus paracentralis.

Where is the Motor speech area (Broca's centre)?

Gyrus frontalis medius.

+ Gyrus frontalis inferior.

Gyrus precentralis.

Gyrus postcentralis.

Lobulus parietalis superior.

Where is the Writing (graphic) area?

+ Gyrus frontalis medius.

Gyrus frontalis inferior.

Gyrus precentralis.

Gyrus postcentralis.

Lobulus parietalis superior.

Where is the Auditory language centre?

Gyrus frontalis medius.

Gyrus frontalis inferior.

+Gyrus temporalis superior.

Gyrus temporalis medius.

Gyrus frontalis superior.

Where is the Reading centre?

Gyrus lingualis.

+ Gyrus angularis.

Gyrus supramarginalis.

Lobulus parietalis superior.

Gyrus frontalis medius.

Where is the tasting centre?

Lobus insularis.

+Uncus.

Lobulus paracentralis.

Hippocampus.

Fornicis et hippocampus.

Choose the nuclei basales?

The nuclei projected on the rhomboid hole, fossa rhomboidea.

+Nucleus caudatus et n.lentiformis, сlaustrum, corpus amygdaloideum.

Nucleus ruber, nucleus olivaris superior et inferior.

Nucleus dentatus, globosus, emboliformis, fastigii.

Corpus mamillare, tuber cinereum, infundibulum, hypophysis.

Choose the nuclei of the corpus striatum?

+ Nucleus caudatus et n.lentiformis.

Claustrum, corpus amygdaloideum.

Nucleus olivaris superior et inferior.

Nucleus dentatus et globosus.

Corpus mamillare, tuber cinerum.

Which of these nuclei belong to the centrum motorium subcorticale?

Corpus geniculatum mediale.

Corpus geniculatum laterale.

Corpus mamillarae.

+ Corpus striatum.

Glandula pinealis.

What are the main parts has corpus callosum?

Truncus, genu, rostrum, crus.

Truncus, columna, genu.

Pulvinar, corpus, genu, crus.

Truncus, pulvinar, rostrum, lamina terminalis.

+ Rostrum, genu, truncus, splenium.

What is the medial wall of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle formed, facies medialis cornu
anterius ventriculi lateralis?

Corpus callosum.

Caput nuclei caudati.

Tela choroidea.
+ Septum pelucidum.

Columnae fornicis.

In the formation of which part of the lateral ventricle involves the hippocampus?

Cornu anterius, pars centralis.

Pars centralis.

Cornu posterius.

Cornu posterius et inferius.

+Cornu inferius.

Where does the cerebrospinal fluid from the ventricles of the brain comes in?

Canalis centralis et cavitas epiduralis medulla spinalis.

Canalis centralis et spatium subdurale medulla spinalis.

Spatium subdurale et subarachnoidale medulla spinalis.

Spatium subdurale encephali et spatium subarachnoidale medulla spinalis.

+Canalis centralis medulla spinalis et spaticum subarachnoidale encephali.

Where is formed the cerebrospinal fluid, liquor cerebrospinale?

Plexus choroideus ventriculi encephali et cavitas subarachnoidalis.

+Plexus choroideus ventriculi encephali.

Cavitas subarаchnoidalis encephali.

Cavitas subarachnoidalis medulla spinalis.

Spatium subarachnoidale et subdurale encephali et medulla spinalis.

How many membrans has the brain and the spinal cord, encephalon et medulla spinalis?

Two

+ Three

Four

Five
Six

The dura mater encephali forms everything except:

+ Plexus choroideus.

Falx cerebri.

Falx cerebelli.

Tentorium cerebelli.

Diaphragma sellae.

Which cavity is formed by membrans of only the spinal cord, meninges

medulla spinalis?

+Cavitas epiduralis.

Epiduralis, subduralis.

Epiduralis, subarachnoidalis.

Subduralis, subarachnoidalis.

Subarachnoidalis.

In what space, spatium, there are ligaments, lig. denticulatum?

+Subdurale.

Epidurale et subdurale.

Epidurale et subarachnoidale.

Subarachnoidale.

Subdurale et subarachnoidale.

Which of the brain's meninges forms granularity, granulationes?

Dura mater encephali.

Pia mater encephali.

+Arachnoidea encephali.

Dura mater spinalis.

Arachnoidea spinalis.

What sinus is located at the site of the tentorium cerebelli attachment?

Sagittalis superior.

Sagittalis inferior.

+Transversus.

Sigmoideus.

Rectus.

What are the sinuses located on the sides of the sella Turcica?

Petrosі superiores.

Petrosі inferiores.

+Cavernosi.

Intracavernosi.

Sphenoparietales.

Which tracts do the feeling of temperature and pain conduct?

Spinothalamicus anterior et lateralis.

Spinothalamicus anterior et nucleothalamicus.

+ Spinothalamicus lateralis et nucleothalamicus.

Bulbothalamicus et nucleothalamicus.

Spinothalamicus lateralis et bulbothalamicus.

Which tracts do the feeling of touching conduct?

Spinothalamicus anterior et lateralis.

+Spinothalamicus anterior et nucleothalamicus.

Spinothalamicus lateralis et nucleothalamicus.

Bulbothalamicus et nucleothalamicus.
Which tracts do proprioreceptive sensitivity of cortical direction conduct?

Spinothalamicus anterior.

Spinothalamicus lateralis.

Spinocerebellaris anterior.

Spinocerebellaris posterior.

+Bulbothalamicus.

Which tracts do proprioreceptive sensitivity of cerebellar direction conduct?

Spinothalamicus anterior et lateralis.

+Spinocerebellaris anterior et posterior.

Spinothalamicus anterior, spinocerebellaris posterior.

Bulbothalamicus, spinothalamicus lateralis.

Spinocerebellaris anterior, spinothalamicus lateralis.

Which tracts do the impulse of conscious movements of the muscles of the trunk and limbs conduct?

+Corticospinalis anterior et lateralis.

Corticospinalis anterior et corticonuclearis.

Corticospinalis lateralis et corticonuclearis.

Corticopontinus et rubrospinalis.

Rubrospinalis et corticospinalis anterior.

Which tracts do the impulse of conscious movements of the muscles of head conduct?

Corticospinalis anterior.

Corticospinalis lateralis.

Spinocerebellaris anterior.

+Corticonuclearis.

Spinocerebellaris posterior.

The body of the second neuron of bulbothalamicus tract is situated in:

Substantia gelatinosа.

Nucleus proprius.

Nucleus thoracicus.

Nucleus intermediomedialis.

+Nucleus gracilis et cuneatus.

Fasciculus gracilis et cuneatus, - is:

Dendrites of the first neuron.

+Axons of the first neuron.

Dendrites of the second neuron.

Axons of the second neuron.

Fibers of the medial loop.

Sagittal plane (median plane, midsagittal plane) divides the body into:

+Dexter і sinister parts

Anterior (ventralis) and posterior (dorsalis) parts

Cranialis (superior) and caudalis (inferior) parts

Profundus and superficialis

Proximalis and distalis

Frontal plane (coronal plane) divides the body into:

Dexter і sinister parts

+Anterior (ventralis) and posterior (dorsalis) parts

Cranialis (superior) and caudalis (inferior) parts

Profundus and superficialis

Proximalis and distalis

Horizontal (transverse) plane divides the body:

Dexter і sinister parts

Anterior (ventralis) and posterior (dorsalis) parts

+Cranialis (superior) and caudalis (inferior) parts

Profundus and superficialis

Proximalis and distalis

Name the body parts located close to the head?

Dexter

+Cranialis (superior)

Сaudalis (inferior)

Profundus

Superficialis.

Name the body parts located far from the head?

Dexter

Cranialis (superior)

+Сaudalis (inferior)

Profundus

Superficialis.

Name the body parts located close to the trunk?

Sinister

Profundus

Superficialis.

+Proximalis

Distalis

Name the body parts located distantly from the trunk?

Sinister

Profundus

Superficialis.
Proximalis

+Distalis

Choose two terms related to the distance of a structure from the surface of the body

Dexter і sinister parts

Anterior (ventralis) and posterior (dorsalis) parts

Cranialis (superior) and caudalis (inferior) parts

+Profundus and superficialis

Proximalis and distalis

Choose two terms, used in anatomy, refer to back and front or belly of an organism.

Dexter і sinister parts

+Anterior (ventralis) and posterior (dorsalis) parts

Cranialis (superior) and caudalis (inferior) parts

Profundus and superficialis

Proximalis and distalis

Choose the vertebra that has fovea dentis?

III cervicalis

+I cervicalis

II cervicalis

I thoracicae

XII thoracicae

What bone does have processus spinosus?

+Vertebra

Ulna

Humerus

Os temporale
Os sphenoidale

What department of vertebra column does have vertebrae with split processus spinosus?

Lumbaris

Thoracicae, except first

+Cervicalis, except first and seventh

Sacralis et V lumbalis

IV, V lumbalis

Name the vertebra with no corpus?

V lumbalis

+I cervicalis

II cervicalis

VI cervicalis

I thoracicae

Name the vertebrae thoracicae with one full fovea costalis on corpus?

X, XII

I, X, XI, XII

+I, XI, XII

I, II, XII

I, X, XI

How many vertebrae does columna vertebralis contain?

35-38

+33-34

34-36

30-32

31-40
How many vertebrae in the human spine aren’t fused?

12

+24

What the structure is located between two vertebrae?

Corpus

+Discus intervertebrales

Arcus vertebrae

Processus spinosus

Lamina

What is the name of first vertebra?

+Atlas

Axis

Epistropheus

Vertebra prominens

Coccyx

What is the name of second vertebra?

Atlas

+Axis

Vertebrae cervicales

Vertebra prominens

Coccyx
Which tarsal bone articulates with the tibia and fibula?

calcaneus

cuboid

navicular

+talus

Which region of the humerus articulates with the radius as part of the elbow joint?

trochlea

styloid process

+capitulum

olecranon process

Find parts of the temporal bone.

Pterygoid processes

Lesser wings

The sella turcica

Glabella

+Tympanic part

Choose the parts of the sphenoid bone.

The squama

Glabella

The petrous (pyramid) with mastoid process

Talus

+The pterygoid processes

In the hospital was a man with a knife at the nose. After the examination, doctor also found damage in
the cribriform plate. What bone was damaged?

Frontal bone (os frontale)

+Ethmoid bone (os ethmoidale)

Occipital bone (os occipitale)

Sphenoid bone (os sphenoidale)

Parietal bone (os parietale)

Name the bone that distantly articulate to other bones by muscles or ligaments?

Palatine bone

Ethmoid bone

+Hyoid

Inferior nasal concha

Vomer

Choose the bones that contain large cavities – sinuses.

Occipital bone

Parietal bone

+Maxilla

Palatine bone

Vomer

What types of synartrosis do you know?

articulatio, syndesmosis, synchondrosis

+syndesmosis, synchondrosis, synostosis

symphysis, syndesmosis, synostosis

articulatio, symphysis, amphyartrosis

syndesmosis, synchondrosis, symphysis

What is the name of bones connection made up with fibrous connective tissue?

synchondrosis

symphysis
+syndesmosis

articulatio

synostosis

What types of syndesmosis do you know?

ligamentum, sutura, gomphosis, symphysis

articulatio, synchondrosis, synostosis, fonticulus

+ligamentum, membrana, sutura, fonticulus

diartrosis, symphysis, synartrosis

sutura, symphysis, fonticulus

Find the necessary components of joint (L.Articulatio):

discus articularis, facies articularis, ligamentum

+facies articularis, capsula articularis, cavitas articularis, synovia

plicae, cavitas articularis, capsula articularis

facies articularis, capsula, menisci

ligamentum, plicae, capsula articularis

Name the layer of capsula articularis (L.) that produces synovial liquid?

fiber membrane

+synovial membrane

fat membrane

external epithelial membrane

What kinds of joints (according to amount of bones) do you know?

simplex, complexa

simplex, combinata

combinata, composita

+simplex,composita
combinata, complexa

Find the joint that contains discs’ meniscus?

simplex

+complexa

composita

pivot

combinata

What movements can we do in frontal axis?

abductio, adductio

+flexio, extensio

rotatio, circumductio

flexio, rotatio

circumductio, flexio

What movements can we do in sagital axis?

flexio, extensio

+abductio, adductio

rotatio,extensio

circumductio, flexio

flexio, adduction

What movements can we do in vertical axis?

abductio

flexio

+rotatio

adductio

extensio
Choice uniaxial joints?

pivot, condylaris, ellipsoidea

spheroidea, hinge, sellaris

ball and socket, cochlearis, plana

+pivot, hinge

cochlearis, plana

Choice biaxial joints?

spheroidea, sellaris, plana

+sellaris, condylaris (ellipsoidea)

condylaris, pivot, cochlearis

sellaris, condylaris, hinge

ellipsoidea, sellaris, plana

Choice joints with few axial?

plana, pivot, sellaris

ellipsoidea, pivot, sellaris

+spheroidea, plana, ball and socket

plana, pivot, hinge

spheroidea, ball and socket, sellaris

What joint has ‘rotatio’?

articulatio atlantooccipitalis

+articulatio atlantoaxialis mediana

articulatio atlantoaxialis mediana, articulation atlanto-occipitalis

articulatio zygapopbysialis

articulatio atlanto-occipitalis, articulatio atlantoaxialis lateralis

Find the features of art. humeri?

Hinge

Sellaris

+Spheroidea

Ellipsoidea

Pivot

What joints does art. Cubiti have?

+humeroradialis, humeroulnaris, radioulnaris proximalis

radiocarpea, radioulnaris distalis, humeroulnaris

humeroradialis, humeroulnaris, radioulnaris distalis

humeroradialis, humeroulnaris, art. humeri

humeroulnaris, humeroradialis, mediacarpea

What types of joints do we have between Ulna and Radius?

diartrosis, synostosis

articulatio, symphysis

+articulatio, syndesmosis

synchondrosis, synostosis

symphysis, synostosis

Articulation interphalangeales manus has the following movements

+Flexio, extensio

Adductio, abduction, flexio, extensio, circumductio

Pronatio, sapinatio, circumduction, rotatio

Rotatio, circumdactio, adductio

Adductio, abduction, pronation, supination

Articulatio coxae is consist of:

+Caput ossis femoris, Facies lunata acetabuli

Facies auricularis sacri et Facies lunata acetabuli

facies tuber ischiadicum et Caput ossis femoris

Caput ossis femoris et Facies auricularis sacri

fovea capitis ossis femoris et acetabulum

Articulatio genus doesn’t consist of?

Facies patellaris femoris

Facies articularis condylis femoris

Facies articularis superior tibiae

+Facies articularis fibulare

Facies articularis patellae

Find the features of Articulatio genus?

Pivot

Hinge

Sellaris

+Condylaris

Spheroidea

What types of movements can we do in Articulatio interphalangea?

Rotatio

+Flexio, extensio

Abductio, adductio

Rotatio, circumductio

Flexio, rotatio

What are the parts of M.erector spinae?

M.splenius capitis et cervicis, m.longissimus, m.semispinalis.

M.m.intertransversarii anteriores cervicis, mm.rotatores,mm.multifidi.

M.iliocostalis, m.longissimus, m.spinalis.

M.longus colli, m.longissimus, m.spinalis.

M.semispinalis, m.spinalis, m.longissimus.

The following structures form the ligamentum inguinale?

Aponeurosis musculi obliquus internus abdominis.

Aponeurosis musculi obliquus externus abdominis.

M.rectus abdominis.

M.transversus abdominis.

M.quadratum lumborum.

Canalis inguinalis passes through the aponeurosis of the following muscle?

M.transversus abdominis.

Mm.obliqus internus et externus abdominis.

M.obliquus externus abdominis.

Mm.obliqus exrenus et transversus abdominis.

Mm.obliqus internus et transversus abdominis.

The tendons of the following muscle pass into the cavity of the shoulder joint

M.triceps brachii.

M.biceps brachii.

M.brachialis.

M.deltoideus.

M.coracobrachialis.

What muscle flexes the antebrachium?

M.biceps brachii, m.anconeus.

M.brachialis, m.biceps brachii

M.coracobrachialis, m.supraspinatus.
 M.deltoideus, m.infraspinatus.

M.deltoideus,m.biceps brachii.

What muscle extends the antebrachium?

M.triceps brachii, m.anconeus.

M.brachioradialis, m.anconeus.

M.triceps brachii, m.anconeus, m.brachioradialis.

M.coracobrachialis, m.brachialis.

M.subscapularis, m.triceps brachii.

What structure isn’t present in Palatum molle:

Tunica mucosa

Aponeurosis palatina

Musculi

Glandulae salivariae

+Tonsillae

Palatum molle has all the muscles except:

M.levator veli palatini

M.tensor veli palatine

M. uvulae

M. palatoglossus

+M. styloglossus

What isn’t a part of tongue

Dorsum

Radix

Corpus

Apex
+Fundus

Find the salivary gland that opens in sublingual duct

+Gl.sublingualis, Gl.submandibularis

Gl.linguales

Gl.labiales

Gl.parotidea

What is a formula of the milk teeth?

+2/1/0/2

2/0/1/2

1/2/0/2

1/2/2/0

What is a formula of the permanent teeth?

3/2/1/2

2/2/1/3

+2/1/2/3

1/3/2/2

3/2/2/1

What structures are not the part of the Pharynx?

Pars nasalis

Pars oralis

Pars laryngea

+Pars palatina

Find the structures that don’t have openings into Pharynx from bellow?

Choanae
Ostium pharyngeum tubae auditival

Fauces

Aditus larynges

+Aditus trachea

Esophagus doesn’t have this part:

Cervicalis

Thoracica

Abdominalis

+Cranialis

Intestinum tenue has the following departments except (find the wrong part):

Duodenum

Jejunum

Ileum

Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum

+Coecum

Find the opening of the accessory pancreatic duct in duodenum:

Papilla duodeni major

+Papilla duodeni minor

Plicae circularis

Villi

Plicae semilunaris

Find the opening of the pancreatic duct in duodenum:

Papilla duodeni major

+Papilla duodeni minor

Plicae circularis
Villi

Plicae semilunaris

Find the opening of the accessory pancreatic duct in duodenum:

Papilla duodeni major

+Papilla duodeni minor

Plicae circularis

Villi

Plicae semilunaris

Mucosa layer of the small intestine are created by the following structures except (find wrong answer):

Plicae circularis

Villi

Criptae

Papillae

+Plicae semilunaris

Intestinum crassum has the following departments (find wrong answer):

Caecum

Colon

Rectum

Colon sigmoideum

+Illeum

Colon has the following departments (find wrong answer):

Colon ascendens

Colon transversus

Colon descendens

Colon sigmoideum
+Rectum

What parts of the large intestine does have meso?

Caecum

Caecum, Colon ascendens

Colon ascendens

Colon descendens

+Colon transversum, Colon sigmoideum

Large intestine has the following structures (find wrong answer)?

Haustra coli

Appendices epiploicae

Taenia coli

+Plicae circularis, Criptae

Taenia coli, Haustra coli

Hepar has all lobes except (find wrong answer):

Lobus sinister

Lobus dexter

Lobus quadratus

Lobus caudatus

+Lobus superior

What duct goes away from porta heparis?

Choledochus

+Hepaticus communis

Fellea

Cysticus

Pancreaticus
Pancreas has the following parts (find wrong answer):

Caput

Corpus

Cauda

+Lobus quadratus and caudatus

Tuba auditiva located in……(find correct answer)

canaliculus tympanicus

+canalis musculotubarius

canalis caroticus

canaliculus chordae tympani

canaliculi carotici tympanici

Find department of intestine that has “folliculi lymphatici aggregati “

+Ileum

Duodenum

Jejunum

Colon ascendens

Colon descendens

What if the first department of the duodenum?

+Pars superior

Pars descendens

Pars ascendens

Pars inferior

Flexura duodeni inferior

What is the “ductus of gallbladder”?

+Ductus choledochus

Ductus hepaticus communis

Ductus cysticus

Ductus hepaticus dexter

Ductus hepaticus sinister

What structure is located in distal department of large intestine?

+Rectum

Colon descendens

Colon sigmoideum

Caecum

Colon transversum

The________ is a part of the gastrointestinal system and also the respiratory system.

Larynx

+Pharynx

Thachea

Tongue

Oral cavity

An organ that produces a bodily juice called bile

Duodenum

+Liver

Pancreas

Gall bladder

Salivary gland

Which sinus doesn’t belong to “sinus paranasales”

Maxillaris

+Cavernosus

Sphenoidalis

Frontalis

Ethmoidalis

Larynx connects with:

Oesophagus

Fauseus

+Trachea, pars laryngea pharyngis

Choanae

What part of “cavitas laryngis” does connect with pharynx?

Glottis

+Vestibulum

Ventriculus

Rima glottidis

Cavitas infraglottica

What part of “cavitas laryngis” does connect with trachea?

Glottis

Vestibulum

Ventriculus

Rima glottidis

+Cavitas infraglottica

What structure isn’t a part of cavitas laryngis

Glottis

Vestibulum
Cavitas infraglottica

+Fauces

Find the parts of rima glottidis

Vestibularis

+Intermembranacea, Intercartilaginea

Ventricularis

Infraglottica

At what level of the thoracic vertebrae is bifurcation of the trachea?

I,II

II,III

III

VI

Which bronchus does enter to hilum pulmonis?

Lobulares

Lobares

+Principales

Segmentales

Eparterialis

Which lung has lobus medius?

+Right

Left

Both

No one

Sometimes in left, sometimes in right

Which lung has lobus inferior?

+Both

No one

Sometimes in left, sometimes in right

Which lung has two lobus?

Right

+Left

Both

No one

Sometimes in left, sometimes in right

Which part IS NOT part of lung

Apex

+Collum

Basis

Hilum

Radix

Radix pulmonis is located in:

Basis

Apex

+Hilum

Margo anterior

Margo inferior

Hilum pulmonis is located in:

Basis
Apex

Margo anterior

+Facies mediastinalis

Facies costalis

Which structure DOESN’T belong to radix pulmonis:

Arteriae et venae bronchiales

Arteriae et venae pulmonales

Bronchus principalis, nervi

Nodi et vasa lymphatici

+Bronchi segmentales

Which lung has incisura cardiaca:

+Left

Right

Both

No one

Sometimes in left, sometimes in right

Which lung has fissura obliqua:

+Both

No one

Sometimes in left, sometimes in right

Which lung has fissura horisontalis:

Left

+Right

Both

No one
Sometimes in left, sometimes in right

Find those structure which is not included in air pathways:

Bronchus principalis

Bronchus segmentalis

Bronchiola terminalis

+Bronchiola respiratoria

Bronchus lobularis

Find those structure where gas exchange does not occur:

Ductus alveolaris

Sacculus alveolaris

Bronchiola respiratoria

+Bronchiola terminalis

Find those structure which is not included to alveolar tree:

Bronchiola respiratoria

+Bronchiola terminalis

Ductus alveolaris

Sacculus alveolaris

Find those structure which isn’t a part of acinus pulmoni:

+Bronchus lobularis

Bronchiola respiratoria

Ductus alveolaris

Sacculus alveolaris

Find those structure which is not included to arbor bronchialis:

Bronchi lobares

Bronchi principales
Bronchi lobulares

+Bronchioli respiratorii

Bronchioli terminales

Next unit after bronchus lobularis will be:

Bronchi segmentales

Bronchi principales

Bronchi subsegmentalis

+Bronchioli terminalis

Bronchioli respiratorii

Next unit after bronchi lobares will be:

+Bronchi segmentales

Bronchi subsegmentalis

Bronchioli terminalis

Bronchi principales

Bronchi lobares

Next unit after bronchus principales will be:

Bronchioli lobularis

Bronchioli terminales

Bronchioli respiratorii

+Bronchi lobares

Bronchi subsegmentalis

The trachea leads to the:

Bronchioles

+Bronchii

Esophagus
Pulmonary vessel

The space behind the mouth, that leads either to the airway or to the esophagus is the:

larynx

conchae

nasal cavity

+pharynx

What does NOT the cover of the ren (kidney)?

Capsula fibrosa

Capsula adiposa

Fasciae renalis

+Adventitia

What is NOT the kidney capsules?

Fibrous renal capsule

Perirenal fat

Renal fascia

+Transversalis fascia

What the extremitas do ren has?

Anterior et posterior

+Superior et inferior

Medialis et lateralis

Superficialis et profundus

Externus et internus

What is the name of arteries passing through the renal column.

Segmental

+Interlobular

Arcuate

Renal

Where is corpusculum renalis placed?

Pyramides

+Сortex

Sinus renalis

Calyces renales minores

Where do ductuli papillares open?

Pelvis renalis

Calyces renales majores

+Calyces renales minores

Corpusculum renale

Ureter

In what organs is rete mirabilae located?

Lien et musculi

Medulla et ren

Hepar et medulla

Lien et ren

+Ren et hepar

What is in the trigonum vesicae located?

Ostium ureteres et ostium urethrae externum

Ostium ureteres et ostium urethrae internum

Ostium ureteres et ductus deferens

Ostium ureteres internum et ductus deferens

+Ostium ureters, ostium urethrae internum

What are the parts of the vesica urinaria?

Corpus, fundus, caput

+Corpus, fundus, cervix, apex

Corpus, fundus, cervix, basis

Apex, fundus, corpus, basis

How many constrictors does urethra masculina have?

One (1)

+Three (3)

Four (4)

Two (2)

Not one

Where is plica interureterica located?

Apex vesicae urinariae

Paries anterior vesicae urinariae

Paris posterior vesicae urinariae

Cervix vesicae urinariae

+Trigonum vesicae

Which muscle relaxes during the storage phase of urine production?

+Detrusor

Internal urethral sphincter

External urethral sphincter

Levator ani
Internal male genital organ is:

+bulbourethral gland

scrotum

Internal male genital organ is:

+seminal vesicle

scrotum

Internal male genital organ is:

+ductus deferens

penis

Internal male genital organ is:

+spermatic cord

penis

External male genital organ is:

Testis

+scrotum

External male genital organ is:

spermatic cord

+penis

External male genital organ is:

ductus deferens

+scrotum

Testis is ____organ
+Parenchymatic

Tubular

Seminal vesicle is ______organ

+Parenchymatic

Tubular

Spermatic cord is_____ organ

Parenchymatic

+Tubular

Ductus deferens is______ organ

Parenchymatic

+Tubular

Testis has surface (facies):

Anterior, posterior

Superior, inferior,

+Medial, lateral

Cranial, caudal

Ventral, dorsal

Testicle (testis) has extremity

Anterior, posterior

+Superior, inferior,

Medial, lateral

Ventral, dorsal

Testicle (testis) has border (margo) :

+Anterior, posterior

Superior, inferior,

Medial, lateral

Cranial, caudal

Extends of tunica albuginea in parenchyma of testis are

Tubuli seminiferi recti

Tubuli seminiferi contorti

+Mediastinum, septae

Parenchyma of testis consists of:

+Lobules

Lobes

Rete

Mediastinum

How many lobules has each testis?

10-30

50-80

+250-300

500-800

Each lobule consists of from one to three

ductuli efferentes

+convoluted seminiferous tubules (tubuli seminiferi contorti, L.),

straight seminiferous tubules (tubuli seminiferi recti, L.).

ductuli defferentes

Where does production of sperm cells occur

tubuli seminiferi recti

+tubuli seminiferi contorti

Mediastinum

Rete testis

Where are specialized endocrine cells called interstitial cells (of Leydig)

Into mediastinum

+Between the seminiferous tubules

Into rete testis

In ductuli efferentes

In ductus defferens

Name male sex hormone

+Testosterone

Estrogen

Estradiol

Testis is endocrine or exocrine gland

endocrine

exocrine

+both (endocrine and exocrine)

Where does straight seminiferous tubule open

Between the seminiferous tubules

In ductuli efferentes

In ductus defferens

+Into rete testis in the mediastinum.

What does carry the sperm from the testis to the head of the epididymis
Tubuli seminiferi contorti

Tubuli seminiferi recti

Rete testis

+Ductuli efferentes testis

How many are ductuli efferentes testis

1-3

5-10

+12-20

30-40

50-100

Where does ductus efferentes testis drain

Into tubuli seminiferi contorti

Into tubuli seminiferi recti

In ductus defferens

Into rete testis in the mediastinum.

+In ductus epididymis

Where is epididymis?

Anterior margin of the testis

Medial surface of the testis

Lateral surface of the testis

+Posterior margin of the testis

What is epididymis consist of:

Body neck head

+ Head body tail

Body glans tail

Body neck head tail

The tail of epididymis is continuous with the:

Spermatic cord

ductus ejaculatorius

ductus excretorius

ductus epididymis

+ductus deferens

Ductus deferens conveys sperm cells from the epididymis

to the___

Spermatic cord

+ductus ejaculatorius

ductus excretorius

ductus epididymis

ductus deferens

Portions of the ductus deferens are:

funicularis, inguinalis, pelvina

+testicularis, funicularis, inguinalis, pelvina

testicularis, funicularis, inguinalis, abdominalis

vaginalis, funicularis, inguinalis, abdominalis

The distal part of vas deferens is:

tail of vas deferens

+ampulla of vas deferens

head of vas deferens

body of vas deferens

The wall of the ductus deferens is composed of layers:

tunica mucosa ,muscularis , serosa

+tunica mucosa , muscularis , adventitia

tunica albuginea, muscularis , adventitia

What does spermatic cord (funiculus spermaticus) consist of?

+ductus deferens, vessels, nerves, cremaster muscle

ductus epididymis, vessels, nerves, cremaster muscle

ductus efferens, vessels, nerves, cremaster muscle

ductus ejaculatorius, vessels, nerves, cremaster muscle

Where does spermatic cord (funiculus spermaticus) is situated?

Between the anterior margin of the testis and the deep inguinal ring

Between the posterior margin of the testis and the superficial inguinal ring

+Between the posterior margin of the testis and the deep inguinal ring

How many layers tunica vaginalis testis has?

+2

Tunica vaginalis testis is__

closed fibrous sac

+closed serous sac

closed muscular sac

What is NOT the coverings of the testes (structure of scrotum) :

the skin
dartos tunic

+funiculus spermaticus

external spermatic fascia

cremasteric fascia

cremaster m.,

internal spermatic fascia,

tunica vaginalis testis

What is NOT the duct that transport sperm cells:

straight seminiferous tubules,

rete testis

ductuli efferent

ductus epididymis

ductus deferens,

ductus ejaculatory

+ductus excretory

urethra

How many lobes the prostate gland has?

+2

Where does the prostatic duct open?

Into the ductus excretory

+Into the urethra

Into the ductus ejaculatory

Into the ductus deferens

Into the ductus efferent

Where does the bulbourethral duct drain?

Into the ductus excretory

+Into the urethra

Into the ductus ejaculatory

Into the ductus deferens

Into the ductus efferent

Ejaculatory duct is formed by union of:

vas deferens and efferent duct

+vas deferens and excretory duct

vas deferens and ductus epididymis

What does the penis contain:

two corpora spongiosa and the corpus cavernosus, urethra

+two corpora cavernosa and the corpus spongiosum, urethra

two corpora cavernosa and the corpus spongiosum

What is NOT the portion of the penis :

radix,

corpus

+cervix

glans

Where are tubuli seminiferi recti located?

in epididymis

in seminal vesicles

+in didymis
in prostate gland

in bulbourethral gland

Where are tubuli seminiferi contorti located?

in epididymis

in seminal vesicles

+in didymis

in prostate gland

in bulbourethral gland

What is the layer extending into the parenchyma of testis, creating septae between seminiferous
tubules?

Fascia spermatica interna

Tunica vasculosa

Tunica vaginalis

+Tunica albuginea

Tunica dactos

How many layers does the tunica vaginalis have?

+2

3 or 4

2 or 3

Where are the testes originally located during embryonic development?

+Posterior abdominal wall

Anterior abdominal wall

Inguinal canal
Scrotum

Inguinal canal or Scrotum

Funiculus spermaticus has all covering, except

+Tunica vaginalis testis

Tunica dactos

Fascia spermatica interna

Fascia spermatica externa

Fascia cremasterica

What does form the septae testis?

+tunica albuginea

tunica vasculosa

tunica vaginalis

tunica dartos

fascia spermatica externa

Funiculus spermaticus has all completing parts, except

A.et v. ductus deferentis et plexus venosus pampiniformis

+Ductus efferens

A. et v. testiculares

Vasa lymphatica

Ductus defferens

What are the parts of the Epididymis?

caput epididymidis, cervix epididymis, corpus epididymidis, cauda epididymidis

caput epididymidis, corpus epididymidis, cauda epididymidis, sinus epididymidis

+caput epididymidis, corpus epididymidis, cauda epididymidis

caput epididymidis, cervix epididymis, corpus epididymidis

Where does Ductuli prostaticae open?

Glans penis

+Pars prostatica urethrae

Pars membranacea urethrae

Utriculus prostaticus

Bulbus penis

Ovarium has extremitas: ______

Lateralis et medialis

Libera et mesoovarica

Anterior et posterior

Superior et inferior

+Uterina et tubaria

Where are folliculi ovarici located?

Medulla ovarii

+Cortex ovarii

Hilum ovarii

Mesoovarium

In the ovarium progesterone is produced by the ____________

Corpus albicans

+Corpus luteum

Medulla ovarii

Folliculi ovarici primarii

Tunica albuginea

In the Tuba uterine presents ______________

+Ostium abdominale et ostium uterinum

Ostium externum et ostium internum

Ostium internum et ostium ovaricum

Ostium ovaricum

Ostium externum

What is the most medial part of the fallopian tubes?

Fimbriae

Ampulla

+Isthmus

Infundibulim

Corpus

Finger-like, ciliated projections which capture the ovum from the surface of the ovary is ________

Apex

+Fimbriae

Infundibulum

Ampulla

Isthmus

It is the widest section of the uterine tubes. Fertilization usually occurs here. What is it?

Apex

Fimbriae

Infundibulum

+Ampulla

Isthmus

What is the narrow section of the uterine tubes connect to the ampulla and to the uterine cavity?

Apex
Fimbriae

Infundibulum

Ampulla

+Isthmus

Tuba uterina is fixed by the mesoovarium of the _______________

Fascia pelvina

Ligamentum teres uteri

Cervix uteri

+Ligamentum latum uteri

What the walls do Vagina has?

Superior et inferior

Dexter et sinister

+Anterior et posterior

What does the parts Uterus have?

Fundus, corpus, cauda

+Fundus, corpus, cervix, isthmus

Corpus, cervix, isthmus, basis

Corpus, cervix, cauda

Corpus, fundus, cervix, cauda

What are the parts of the Tuba uterina differentiated?

Isthmus, pars uterine, pars ovarica, ampulla

Uterina, ovarica, ampulla, isthmus

Uterina, isthmus, cervix, infundibulum

+Uterina, isthmus, ampulla, infundibulum

Infundibulum, uterina, ampulla, cervix

What are the parts of the cervix uteri?

Uterina, vaginalis

Uterina, supravaginalis

+Supravaginalis, vaginalis

Supravaginalis, anterior

Supravaginalis, posterior

What are the facies of the Ovarium?

Libera, mesoovaricum

Tubaria, uterina

Libera, uterina

Anterior, posterior

+Medialis, lateralis

What are the covering of the Uterus wall?

+Mucosa, muscularis, serosa

Adventitia, muscularis, mucosa

Serosa, submucosa, muscularis

Muscularis, mucosa, adventitia

Muscularis, mucosa, submucosa

What are the deepenings (excavatio) of the peritoneum ?

Excavatio vesico-uterina, vesico-intestinalis

+Excavatio vesico-uterina, recto-uterina

Excavatio vesico-pelvina, recto-uterina

Excavatio vesico-uterina, fossa inguinalis lateralis

Excavatio recto-uterina, fossa inguinalis lateralis

What are the coverings and layers Vagina has?

Adventitia, tela submucosa, mucosa, muscularis

Serosa, tela submucosa, mucosa, muscularis

+Adventitia, muscularis, mucosa

Adventitia, tela submucosa, mucosa

Serosa, muscularis, mucosa

What are limited ostium uteri?

+Labium anterius et posterius

Fornix vaginae

Clitoris

Lbium minus pudenda

Plicae palmatae

What does the part of the uterus has plicae?

Facies vesicalis corpus

Facies intestinalis

+Cervix uteri

Fundus uteri

Corpus et cervix

Which of the following structures is located laterally to the uterus?

+Uterine tubes

Vagina

Rectum

Bladder

Ureters

Which of the following structures is found anterior to the vagina?

Rectum

Ureter

+Urinary bladder

Uterine artery

Fallopian tubes

Telegram channel:@Shevchenkochannel
The patient has applied to traumatologist with the trauma of shoulder. What wall of the axillary
cavity has trilaterum and quadrilaterum openings?
anterior
+posterior
lateral
medial
intermediana

The patient has applied to traumatologist with trauma of leg, which he got on sporting
competition. At examination it was set the damage of posterior muscle, tendon of which is
attached to calcaneus. This is:
+triceps surae
tibialis posterior
popliteus
fibularis longus
fibularis brevis

During the operation (cesarean section), was made the sectionon in the pubic area, the vagina of
rectus abdominis muscle was cated. What does consis the anterior wall of the vaginaof rectus
abdominis muscle?
Aponeurosis m. transversi abdominis, m. obliquus internus abdominis.
Aponeurosis m. transversi abdominis, m. pyramidalis.
+Aponeurosis m. obliqui internus abdominis, m. obliquus externus abdominis., m. transversi
abdominis
Aponeurosis m. transversi abdominis, m. obliquus externus abdominis.
Aponeurosis m. transversi abdominis, m. obliquus internus abdominis

A 30 years old woman complained of pain in the lower part of the forearm. Traumatologist
diagnosed damage of radio-carpal joint. This joint is:
+Complex, ellipsoid
Simple, ellipsoid
Complex, cylindrical
Simple, cylindrical
Complex condylar

A woman was brought by an ambulance to the emergency department with a trauma of the
cervical region of the vertebral column. The radiologist diagnosed the fracture of nonbifid
spinous processes of the cervical vertebrae. The spinous process of which cervical vertebra is
fractured?
VI.
+VII.
III.
IV.
V.

A 5 years old child who is diagnosed with severe diphtheria was hospitalized in the infectious
department. To prevent suffocation child had the tracheostomy. In which triangle of the neck the
operation was performed?
+Omotracheale
Caroticum
Omoclaviculare
Submandibulare
Omotrapezoideum

To the hospital applied a man with the fracture of the upper third of the humerus with a
displacement of fragments, as a result blood vessels and nerves that pass through foramen
quadrilaterum of the posterior wall of the axillary cavity, were damaged. What structure limits
the foramen quadrilaterum?
М. teres major, m. latissimus dorsi, m. biceps brachii, m. brachialis.
M. teres major, m teres minor, m. triceps brachii, m. brachialis.
M. latissimus dorsi, m. infraspinatus, m. coracobrachialis, m. brachialis.
+M. teres major, m. teres minor, m. triceps brachii, os humeri.
M. teres major, m. biceps brachii, os humeri, m. brachialis.

A surgeon must amputate a gangrenous part of the foot at Chopart joint in a patient. Which of
the following ligaments is a key for this operation?
lig.laterale
lig.mediale (deltoideum)
+lig.bifurcatum
lig.plantare longum
lig.collaterale

A patient was the trauma of hip region and the fracture of os ilium in the area of spina iliaca
anterior inferior. Also were injured fibers of ligament of the hip joint. Fibres of which ligament
were damaged?
Lig. capitis femoris.
Zona orbicularis.
Lig.transversum acetabuli.
+Lig. iliofemorale.
Lig. ischiofemorale.

In surgical delivered was taken a man with a deep sliver of the I intercarpal space. It is
discovered a damage of m. adductor pollicis. Which function is broken?
+Adductio
Flexio
Abductio
Extensio
Rotatio

Because of fall, a patient got a fracture of upper part of the humerus. One of the back muscle is
dysfunctional, this muscle is attached to the crista tuberculi minoris ossis humeri. What muscle is
damaged?
M. trapezius.
M. rhomboideus major.
M. rhomboideus minor.
+M. latissimus dorsi.
M. serratus posterior superior.

After a chest trauma in a patient appears a pain during the breathing, especially during expiration.
What muscle does depress ribs and take part in expiration?
M latissimus dorsi.
+M. serratus posterior inferior.
M. rhomboideus major.
M. trapezius.
M. serratus posterior superior.

During the examination of a patient, 25 years old, was found a hematoma of the soft tissue of the
medial wall of the axillary fossa. What the muscle of the chest forms the medial wall of the
axillary fossa?
M. pectoralis minor.
M. pectoralis major.
M. serratus posterior superior.
M. serratus posterior inferior.
+M. serratus anterior

A 40 years old patient felt a pain after a fall. The doctor found a broken rib, which doesn’t have
articular surface on tuberculum costae. What rib was damaged?
V.
+XII.
VII.
X.
III.

A patient’s movement was limited after falling straight on his feet. The patient feels instability in
the joint and (uncertainty and strangulation)? What structures of the knee joint were damaged?
+medial meniscus
lateral meniscus
anterior crucial ligament
posterior crucial ligament
ligament of the head of a femur

A patient suffering from an intra-articular fracture of the femoral neck. Asymmetry of the head of
the femur is observed. Which structure is damaged?
+Ligamentum capitis femoris
Zona orbicullaris
Nervus femoralis
Nervus obturatorius
Arteria obturatoria

During the final game a basketball player injured his right leg, after this injury it was impossible
to bend the right foot. The team’s doctor found that the tendon was damaged. The tendon of
which muscle is damaged?
+Musculus triceps surae (Achilles' tendon)
Musculus extensor policis longus
Musculus tibialis anterior
Musculus biceps femoris
Musculus gracilis

A man, in working conditions, got an injury of the femoral nerve, which runs in the lacuna
musculorum. What structures do limit lacuna musculorum?
Lig. inquinale, lig lacunare, os pubis.
Lig. inquinale, lig. lacunare, lig. Pectineale
+ Lig. inquinale, os ilium, arcus ileopectineus.
Lig. inquinale, os ilium, lig. pectineale.
Lig. inquinale, arcus ileopectineus, os pubis.
The doctor suggested the stimulating of reflex zones which are located in the skin projection of
the unpaired notch of the sternum for a patient in case of breathlessness during asthma
attacks.Which sternal notch is unpaired?
Incisura costalis I.
Incisura costalis II.
+Incisura jugularis.
Incisura clavicularis.
Incisura costalis VII.

A child 5-year-old suffers on deformation of the neck. At clinical inspection, it is set: inclination
of the head to the left, turn of face to the right, the passive motion of the head to the right is
limited. Of what muscle does shortening take place?
trapezius
longus colli
splenius capitis
+sternocleidomastoideus
splenius cervicis

As a result of the fracture of the tibia the anterior group of muscles of the lower leg was
damaged. The function of which muscle may be affected?
+M.extensor hallucis longus.
M.flexor digitorum longus.
M. fibularis longus.
M. soleus.
M.extensor digitorum brevis

During an examination of the patient's facial expressions was revealed that he can not put his lips
in tube form, can’t whistle, the corners of the mouth do not rise up during laughing and the oral
cleft is stretched sideways (transverse smile). The patient suffers from myopathy - degenerative
hereditary disease with dystrophic muscle lesions. Atrophy of which muscle causes these
symptoms?
+Musculus orbicularis oris
Musculus zygomaticus major
Platizma
Musculus risorius
Musculus masseter

Because of fall, a patient goes a fracture of upper part of the humerus. One of the back muscle is
dysfunctional, this muscle is attached to the crista tuberculi minoris ossis humeri. What muscle is
damaged?
M. trapezius.
M. rhomboideus major.
M. rhomboideus minor.
+M. latissimus dorsi.
M. serratus posterior superior.

In a patient was diagnosed the oblique inguinal hernia, which came out of the inguinal canal.
What structure does form the inferior wall of the inguinal canal?
Ligamentum lacunare.
+Ligamentum inguinale.
Fascia transversalis.
M. transversus abdominis.
Aponeurosis of m. obliqui externus abdominis.

In the dental practice, there are incidents with the breach of outflow of secret of the parotid
salivary gland through its excretory duct. Through what the muscle does run this duct?
M. masseter
M. orbicularis oris
M. zygomaticus major
M. zygomaticus minor
+M. buccinator

In the young man, the humerus is broken in the area of crista tuberculi majoris. Movements are
limited. What muscle is attached to cristae tuberculi majoris humeri?
+M. pectoralis major
М. pectoralis minor.
M. serratus anterior.
M. subclavius.
M. transversus thoracis.

A sportsman has got a trauma of the joint of the lower limb and was admitted to the hospital. The
articulatio tarsi transversa is composed of:
art.talonavicularis and art.talocruralis
art.calcaneocuboidea and art.subtalaris
+art.calcaneocuboidea and art.talonavicularis
art.talonavicularis and art.cuneonavicularis
art.talonavicularis and art.talonavicularis

A patient was admitted to the hospital with a joint pain. A cruciate ligaments are characteristic of:
elbow joint
+knee joint
hip joint
shoulder joint
wrist joint

During the operation (cesarean section), was made the section on in the pubic area, the vagina of
rectus abdominis muscle was cut. What does consist the anterior wall of the vagina of rectus
abdominis muscle?
+Aponeurosis m. transversi abdominis, m. obliquus externus and internus abdominis.
Aponeurosis m. transversi abdominis, m. pyramidalis.
Aponeurosis m. obliqui internus abdominis, m. obliquus externus abdominis.
Aponeurosis m. transversi abdominis, m. obliquus externus abdominis.
Aponeurosis m. transversi abdominis, m. obliquus internus abdominis

A man went to the hospital with a brain injury. The doctor found a fracture in the skull. The line
of fracture passes through linea nuchae superior. Which bone was injured?
os frontale
+ os occipitale
os parietale
os temporale
os ethmoidale

After injury a boy has a fracture of the patella. The function of which muscle will be broken?
M. sartorius.
M. biceps femoris.
+M. quadriceps femoris.
M. semitendinosus.
M. semimembranosus.

In the case of injury of the pelvic region, the patient’s X-ray revealed necrosis of the head of
the femoral bone. Which ligament of the hip joint was damaged during the injury? +Ligamentum
capitis femoris
Ligamentum ilio-femoralis
Ligamentum pubo-femoralis
Ligamentum ischio-femoralis
Zona orbicullaris

In a girl with the long-term inflammation of the mucosa of the nasal cavity appeared symptoms
of inflammation of the sphenoid sinus. Through which structure spread the infection from the
nasal cavity to the sinus?
+Recessus sphenoethmoidalis.
Foramen sphenopalatinum
Foramen ovale
Foramen sinus sphenoidalis
Foramen rotundum

The patient needs the catheterization and injection of medicine into the subclavian vein. The
catheter is situated in the area of trigonum clavipectorale. What structures do limit it?
+ Clavicula and superior border of musculus pectoralis minor.
Clavicula and inferior border of musculus pectoralis minor.
Clavicula and superior border of musculus pectoralis major.
Inferior and superior borders of musculus pectoralis minor.
Inferior border of musculus pectoralis major and inferior border of musculus pectoralis minor

An athlete felt pain along the sciatic nerve due to the compression of the muscle that goes
through the incisura ischiadiaca major. Which muscle was injured during exercise?
+Musculus piriformis
Musculus gluteus medius
Musculus obturatorius internus
Musculus obturatorius externus
Musculus quadratus lumborum

The victim injured his face and the outer surface of the temporal region, this injury caused the
fracture of the zygomatic arch. Which processes of skull bones were broken?
+ Temporal process of the zygomatic bone and zygomatic process of the temporal bone
Temporal process of the frontal bone and zygomatic process of the temporal bone
Temporal process of the zygomatic bone and zygomatic process of the frontal bone
Zygomatic process of the maxilla and zygomatic process of the temporal bone
Zygomatic process of the maxilla and zygomatic process of the frontal bone

As a result of the fracture of the tibia, the anterior group of muscles of the lower leg was
damaged. The function of which muscle may be affected?
+M.extensor hallucis longus.
M.flexor digitorum longus.
M. fibularis longus.
M. soleus.
M.extensor digitorum brevis

A purulent process was spread from fossa canina to the soft tissues of orbit. Through which
anatomical structure did the purulence get into orbit?
Canalis nasolacrimalis
Foramen zygomaticoorbitale
Foramen zygomaticofaciale
+Canalis infraorbitale
Foramen zygomaticotemporal

A 40 years old man was taken to hospital with a sliver of the lower third of the front of the
shoulder area. He has a limitation of flexion in the shoulder and elbow joints. Damage of which
muscle led to these disorders?
М. anconeus.
М. brachialis.
М. coracobrachialis.
M. triceps brachii.
+ М. biceps brachii

The patient has applied to traumatologist with the trauma of arm, which he got on sporting
competition. A joint having two degrees of freedom is:
hinge
pivot
+ellipsoidal
cup-shaped
gliding

A man at work received a cut wound in the lateral margin of the palmar surface of the hand. The
doctor discovered limitation of the thumb abduction. The function of which muscle is damaged?
+.Musculus abductor policis brevis
Musculus opponens
Musculus abductor policis
Musculus palmaris brevis
Musculi lubricales

After an injury, the branches of the carotid artery started bleeding. For temporary stoppage of
bleeding, the carotid artery should be pressed to the tubercle of the transverse processes of one of
the cervical vertebras. Which vertebrae exactly?
+VI
V
IV
III
II

A surgeon, during the operation of a woman with a tumor of the hard palate, removed the tumor,
with a part of the upper jaw, which takes part in the formation of a bone palate. Which part of
palate bone was removed?
Corpus
Processus frontalis
Processus zygomaticus
+ Processus palatinus
Processus alveollaris

In surgical delivered was taken a man with a deep sliver of the I intercarpal space. It is
discovered a damage of m. adductor pollicis. Which function is broken?
+Adductio
Flexio
Abductio
Extensio
Rotatio

In the young man, the humerus is broken in the area of crista tuberculi majoris. Movements are
limited. What muscle is attached to cristae tuberculi majoris humeri?
+ M. pectoralis major
М. pectoralis minor.
M. serratus anterior.
M. subclavius.
M. transversus thoracis.

During the examination of a 2 years old boy, the ophthalmologist found the breach of outflow of
tears to meatus nasi inferior . Through which structure does communicate orbit with nasal cavity?
+Nasоlacrimal canal.
Anterior ethmoid foramen.
Superiorr orbital fissure.
Inferior orbital fissure.
Optic canal.

An ambulance brought a 8 months old baby with the injury of the head in the anterior fontanel
region. The X-ray found the damage of bone which limits this fontanel in front. What bone was
damaged?
+ Os frontale
Maxilla
Os zygomaticus
Os lacrimale
Os palatinum

A patient was admitted to the hospital with a pain in the region of the knee joint. A canal leading
from thigh to popliteal fossa is:
cruropopliteal
+adductorius
musculoperoneus superior
musculoperoneus inferior
lateral

After an injury, a boy has a fracture of the patella. The function of which muscle will be broken?
M. sartorius.
M. biceps femoris.
+M. quadriceps femoris.
M. semitendinosus.
M. semimembranosus.
During writing the medical history of a patient, the doctor noted that the trauma is located in the
submandibular triangle. Which of the following anatomical structures border this area?
+Inferior border of the mandible
Midline of the neck
М.sternocleidomastoideus
М.trapezius
М.omohyoideus

The patient has applied to traumatologist with the trauma of upper limb, which he got on
sporting competition. A joint that has but one degree of freedom is:
saddle
+pivot
ellipsoidal
plane
ball-and-socket

In a patient, the upper displacement is marked of acromial end of the clavicle. What ligaments
are torn?
anterior sternoclavicular, posterior sternoclavicular
costoslavicular, interclavicular
+coracoclavicular, acromioclavicular
acromioclavicular, costoclavicular
costoslavicular, acromioclavicular

A patient was admitted to the hospital with a pain in a shoulder joint. When in anatomical
position, the subscapular fossa faces:
+anteriorly
posteriorly
medially
laterally
superiory

A 45 years old woman was taken to hospital with purulent inflammation of the tympanic cavity.
Before that, there was inflammation of the nasal cavity and throat, which then spreaded to the
tympanic cavity through the auditory tube. Via which topographical formation of the base of
fornix of the skull the infectious process got into the tympanic cavity?
Canalis caroticus
Canaliculus tympanicus
+Canalis musculotubaris
Canaliculus chordae tympani
Canalis facialis

A patient was admitted to the hospital with acute pain in the gluteal area. A muscle dividing the
foramen ischiadicum majus into upper and lower parts is:
quadratus femoris
+piriformis
obturatorius externus
obturatorius internus
gemelli

A patient was diagnosed with abscess of the neck (purulent inflammation), which is located
above manubrium sterni. Which interfascial space the surgeon must cut and drain?
Spatium pretracheale
Spatium previscerale
+Spatium interaponeuroticum suprasternale
Spatium retropharyngeale
Spatium prepharyngeale

The patient can’t adduct the right scapula to the vertebral column. What muscle doesn’t provide
the function?
M. latissimus dorsi.
+M. rhomboideus major.
M. levator scapulae.
M. serratus posterior superior.
M. serratus posterior inferior

In a patient, the stabbed wound of the anterior chest wall (closer to the sternum) was found. The
superficial muscles of the chest and membrana intercostalis externa are damaged. The
continuation of what the muscles of the chest are this membrane?
Mm. intercostales interni
Mm. levatores costarum.
+Mm. intercostales externi.
Mm. transversi thoracis.
Mm. subcostales.

In a patient was found stabbed in the anterior chest wall (closer to the sternum). The superficial
muscles of the chest and membrana intercostalis externa are damaged. The continuation of what
the muscles of the chest is this membrane?
Mm. intercostales interni
Mm. levatores costarum.
+Mm. intercostales externi.
Mm. transversi thoracis.
Mm. subcostales.

A man, in working conditions, got an injury of the femoral nerve, which runs in the lacuna
musculorum. What structures do limit lacuna musculorum?
Lig. inquinale, lig lacunare, os pubis.
Lig. inquinale, lig. lacunare, lig. Pectineale
+Lig. inquinale, os ilium, arcus ileopectineus.
Lig. inquinale, os ilium, lig. pectineale.
Lig. inquinale, arcus ileopectineus, os pubis.

Very ofter a cubital fossa is used for injections of medicine and venous blood sampling, it is
because of localization of ulnar vein directly under the skin. What structures do limit the cubital
fossa?
+М. brachialis, m. brachioradialis, m. pronator teres.
M. biceps brachii, m. brachioradialis, m. pronator teres.
M. biceps brachii, m. brachioradialis, m. flexor carpi ulnaris.
M. biceps brachii, m. brachioradialis, m. flexor carpi radialis.
M. brachioradialis, m. pronator teres, m. flexor carpi ulnaris.

A 50 years old man was taken to hospital with acute pain in the abdomen. The patient needs
emergency surgery, during which the abdominal cavity must be widely open. In which place
have to do surgeon the section to avoid a large blood loss?
On the lateral border of the rectus abdominis on the right site
Through the rectus abdominis
+Through the linea alba
Above the inguinal ligament on the right site.
Above the inguinal ligament on the left site.

A sportsman has got a trauma of the joint of forearm region and was admitted to the hospital. A
membrana interossea is characteristic of:
suture
synchondrosis
symphysis
+syndesmosis
gomphosis

A patient was admitted to the hospital with a pain in a joint. A fracture across the
intertrochanteric line would involve which bone?
ilium
+femur
tibia
fibula
patella

During the accident, the driver received numerous head injuries, including a fracture of the
zygomatic arch. The function of which muscle, that attaches to the zygomatic arch, will be
broken?
+М. masseter.
М. orbicularis
М. buccinator.
M. procerus.
М. risorius

In a 37 years old patient after the ingress of foreign objects into the airways appeared a cough,
and then asthma. The tracheotomy was made on the neck, in the area which is limited by m.
omohyoideus venter superior, m. sternocleidomastoideus and median line of the neck. In which
triangle of the neck was operation done?
Trigonum caroticum.
+ Trigonum omotracheale.
Trigonum submandibulare.
Trigonum omotrapezoideum.
Trigonum omoclaviculare.

As a result of an injury, a 34 years old patient is suffering from limited flexion of middle
phalanges of fingers 2-5 –of all fingers actually-. The function of which muscles is most likely to
be broken?
+m. flexor digitorum superficialis
m. flexor digitorum profundus
m. opponens policis, m. adductor policis
m. palmaris brevis, m. abductor digiti minimi
m. palmaris longus
At the soccer match, a player has got a trauma of the joint. Which of the following statements
related to ligamentum capitis femoris are false?
it is intracapsular ligament
it contains arterial vessel supplying the head of femur
it extends from fossa acetabuli to fovea capitis femoris
it supports the coxal joint
+it is extracapsular ligament

The man 35-year-old with the trauma of left palm has applied to traumatology. It is set at
inspection: sword-cut of left palm, middle phalanges of 2-5 fingers cannot flex. Which structures
were injured?
lumbricales muscles
tendons of deep flexor digitorum
palmar interosseal muscles
+tendons of superficial flexor digitorum

At the soccer match, a player has got a trauma of the knee joint. At sciagram a fracture of bone
located within the tendon of quadriceps muscle is marked. What group does this bone belong to?
flat
+sesamoid
tubular
irregular
round

The patient needs the catheterization and injection of medicine into the subclavian vein. The
catheter is situated in the area of trigonum clavipectorale. What structures do limit it?
+Clavicula and superior border of musculus pectoralis minor.
Clavicula and inferior border of musculus pectoralis minor.
Clavicula and superior border of musculus pectoralis major.
Inferior and superior borders of musculus pectoralis minor.
Inferior border of musculus pectoralis major and inferior border of musculus pectoralis minor

A man came to the hospital with the trauma of the head. After the examination, the doctor found
the fracture of the facial bone of the skull. The fracture line passes through the condilar process.
What bone was injured?
Maxilla
+Mandibula
Os zygomaticus
Os lacrimale
Os palatinum

A patient was diagnosed with dislocation of the clavicle acromial end. A gap between ligaments
of the acromial-clavicular joint was found. Which ligaments were damaged? Ligg.collaterale
tibiale et fibulare
Ligg.collaterale ulnare et radiale
Ligg.sacrotuberale et sacrospinale
Ligg.cruciatum anterius et posterius
+Ligg.coracoclaviculare et acromioclaviculare

In the hospital came a 57 years old man with the injury of the head. After the examination, the
doctor found that the crack runs along the inferior surface of the temporal bone. What structure
are located on the inferior surface?
foramen jugulare
foramen spinosum
+foramen caroticum internum
hiatus canalis nervi petrosi minoris
sulcus a. оccipitalis

A 54 years old man with an eyeball injury went to the hospital. Besides the damage to the eyeball,
the doctor found a fracture in the orbital surface, orbital process and one of the parts of the
sphenoid bone. Which part of the sphenoid bone was injured?
Pterygoid process
Ala minor
+Ala major
Body
Turkic sell

In a patient, a doctor diagnosed brain damage after strike head on the ground. The median
atlantoaxial joint is classified as:
hinge
gliding
+pivot
condyloid
ball-and-socket

A patient has purulent inflammation of the nasal cavity. The inflammation spread in the anterior
cranial fossa. Through which anatomic structure spread the inflammation?
+lamina cribrosa.
Foramen ovale.
Foramen ethmoidalae posterius.
Foramen sphenopalatinum.
Foramen rotundum

А patient had trepanation and curettage of temporal bone cells (due to) purulent inflammation
which moved from the middle ear. On which process the surgery was done?
+Processus mastoideus
Processus zygomaticus
Processus styloideus
Processus pterygoideus
Processus jugularis

A patient was hospitalized for the correction of the curvature of the nasal septum. Which bones
must be corrected in this case?
+Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone and vomer
Perpendicular plate of the palatine bone and vomer
Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone and inferior nasal concha
Nasal bone and vertical plate of the palatine bone
Horizontal plate of the palatine bone and vomer

In a patient, the fracture of a base of the skull has occurred. The line of fracture passes through
foramen spinosum and foramen ovale. What cranial bone is injured?
temporal bone
occipital bone
+sphenoid bone
palatine
etmoidal bone

On the x-ray image of the pelvis of newborn, the three distinct bones are marked, which are
separated by cartilage in the area of the acetabulum. These bones are:
os ilii, os sacrum, os coccygis
+os ilii, os pubis, os ischii
os pubis os ischii, femur
os sacrum, os pubis, os coccygis
os pubis, os femur, os sacrum

A patient came to the hospital with a complaint of pain, limitation of movement in the radio-
carpal joint. What movements are limited in the joint?
Flexio, extensio, rotatio.
+Flexio, extensio, abductio, adductio, circumductio.
Flexio, extensio, circumductio.
Abductio, adductio, rotatio.
Abductio, adductio, circumductio

To the hospital applied a man with the sliced wound of the lower third of the anterior surface of
the forearm. As a result, he can not to flex proximal phalanx II-V fingers. What muscle is
damaged?
+М. flexor digitorum profundus.
М. flexor carpi ulnaris.
M. flexor carpi radialis.
M. brachioradialis.
M. pronator quadratus.

Very ofter a cubital fossa is used for injections of medicine and venous blood sampling, it is
because of localization of ulnar vein directly under the skin. What structures do limit the cubital
fossa?
+М. brachialis, m. brachioradialis, m. pronator teres.
M. biceps brachii, m. brachioradialis, m. pronator teres.
M. biceps brachii, m. brachioradialis, m. flexor carpi ulnaris.
M. biceps brachii, m. brachioradialis, m. flexor carpi radialis.
M. brachioradialis, m. pronator teres, m. flexor carpi ulnaris.

To the hospital applied a man with the fracture of the upper third of the humerus with the
displacement of fragments, as a result blood vessels and nerves that pass through foramen
quadrilaterum of the posterior wall of the axillary cavity, were damaged. What structures do
limit foramen quadrilaterum?
М. teres major, m. latissimus dorsi, m. biceps brachii, m. brachialis.
M. teres major, m teres minor, m. triceps brachii, m. brachialis.
M. latissimus dorsi, m. infraspinatus, m. coracobrachialis, m. brachialis.
+ M. teres major, m. teres minor, caput longum m. triceps brachii, os humeri.
M. teres major, m. biceps brachii, os humeri, m. brachialis.

In a patient at appendectomy a surgeon dissects the muscular fibers of anterior abdominal wall
successively as follow:
rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique
transversus, internal oblique
external oblique, internal oblique, rectus abdomini
+external oblique, internal oblique, transversus
rectus abdominis, external oblique

After an accident, a woman was hospitalized due to the fracture of the temporal bone, which was
accompanied by bleeding from the sinus of dura mater of the brain. The gap of sinus emerged in
the place where it is adjacent to the groove on the inner surface of the mastoid process. In what
part was damaged the sinus of dura mater of the brain?
Sulcus sinus sagitalis superioris
Sulcus sinus pertosi inferioris
+Sulcus sinus sigmoidei
Sulcus sinus petrosi superioris
Sulcus sinus transversi

During the examination of a patient, 25 years old, was found a hematoma of the soft tissue of the
medial wall of the axillary fossa. What the muscle of the chest does form the medial wall of the
axillary fossa?
M. pectoralis minor.
M. pectoralis major.
M. serratus posterior superior.
M. serratus posterior inferior.
+M. serratus anterior

After a chest trauma in a patient appears a pain during the breathing, especially during expiration.
What muscle does depress ribs and take part in expiration?
M latissimus dorsi.
+M. serratus posterior inferior.
M. rhomboideus major.
M. trapezius.
M. serratus posterior superior.

As a result of fall, a 10 years old child received the dislocation of the sternum in sterno-
clavicular joint. What muscle does strengthen this joint?
M. pectoralis minor
M. serratus anterior
+M. subclavius
M. pectoralis major
transversus thoracis

After the injury of the occipital area, a crack in the region of transverse sinus was found. Which
part of the occipital bone is damaged:
+Squama
Left lateral
Right lateral
Base
Cerebellum

After the fall a woman received a fracture of olecranon of the ulna, as a result she can’t
straighten the upper limb in the elbow and shoulder joints. The function of which muscle is
broken?
M. biceps brachii.
+M. triceps brachii.
M. anconeus.
M coracobrachialis.
M. brachialis.

18 years old patient and after suffering from a sore throat appealed to the doctor after the
deterioration of his situation. The examination revealed retropharyngeal abscess. In what space
of the neck surgeon must penetrate during the autopsy abscess?
+Retrovisceral (retropharyngeal)
Previsceral
Inrtacervical
Suprasternal
Pretracheal

A patient has a penetrating wound in the center of the cheek, which must be stitched. Which
muscle must the surgeon stitch?
+M. buccinator
M. masseter
M. zygomaticus major
M. orbicularis oris
M. depressor anguli oris

A 62 years old man got an injured of the lumbar part of the vertebral column. The X-ray revealed
a fracture of processes of the III lumbar vertebra which are located in the sagittal plane. What
processes of this vertebrae are the located in the sagittal plane?
Spinous and costal processes.
Mastoid and spinous processes.
Spinous and inferior articular processes.
Superior articular and mastoid process.
+Superior inferior articular and spinous processes.

A patient cannot lift up the dropped lower jaw. What muscles don`t execute their function?
muscles of facial expression
+muscles of mastication
orbicularis oris
levator anguli oris
depressor anguli oris

After the fracture of bones in a distal part of the forearm and long-term immobilization in a
patient the limitation of movements at wrist joint came into being. What movements, peculiar to
this joint, must be renewed by persistent training?
+flexion-extension, abduction-adduction
flexion-extension, abduction-adduction, rotation
rotation, flexion-extension
flexion-extension
abduction-adduction

A child fractured his humerus. The broken arm showed decreased growth (compared with his
second arm). Which part of the bone was affected?
+metaphysis
epiphysis
diaphysis
apophysis
medullary canal
A patient was admitted to the hospital with a acute pain in the region of the forearm. Which of
the following muscles does operate on two joint?
brachioradialis
brachialis
+biceps brachii
anconeus
coracobrachialis

The patient was hospitalized due to the penetrating trauma of the mouth’s floor. Which muscle is
injured?
+M. mylohyoideus
M. stylohyoideus
M. geniohyoideus
M. digastricus
N. hypoglossus

During the examination of a patient, the doctor found the asymmetry of his face. The patient can
not wrinkle his forehead, raise the eyebrows, whistle or completely close his eye. The function of
what muscles is broken?
+Mimic muscles
Chewing muscles
Infrahyoid muscles
Subcutaneous muscles
Suprahyoid muscles

To the hospital applied a man with the sliced wound of the upper third of the lateral side of the
forearm. Which muscle was damaged, if the patient can not bend the upper limb in the elbow
joint?
М. extensor digiti minimi.
М. extensor carpi radialis.
M. extensor carpi ulnaris.
+ M. brachioradialis.
M. extensor digitorum.

X-ray of a patient showed the destruction and increase of Turkish saddle because of pituitary
tumors. Which bone cavity was destroyed?
+Sinus of sphenoid bone
Canalis caroticus
Canalis opticus
Tympanic cavity
Canalis facialis

A patient was admitted to the hospital with an acute pain in the region of joint of the forearm.
Which of the following is not characteristic of all synovial joints?
articular cartilage
synovial fluid
+meniscus
joint capsule
intracapsular ligament

In a patient, a purulent maxillary sinusitis was diagnosed. A pus from maxillary sinus drains into:
+middle nasal meatus
lower nasal meatus
upper nasal meatus
vestibule
lateral nasal meatus

During the accident, the driver received numerous head injuries, including a fracture of
zygomatic arch. The function of which muscle, that attaches to the zygomatic arch, will be
broken?
+М. masseter.
М. orbicularis
М. buccinator.
M. procerus.
М. risorius

A 35 years old man, in working conditions, received a cut wound in the area of thumb on the
palmar surface. It is discovered the limitation of abduction of the thumb. The function of which
muscle is damaged?
М. opponens pollicis.
М. palmaris brevis.
+М. abductor pollicis brevis.
M. flexor pollicis brevis.
M. adductor pollicis.

In a patient, a pus is accumulated within infratemporal fossa. Which of the following openings it
might be spread into orbit through?
superior orbital fissure
+inferior orbital fissure
foramen infraorbital
foramen lacerum
foramen supraorbital

After the fall a woman received a fracture of olecranon of the ulna, as a result she can’t
straighten the upper limb in the elbow and shoulder joints. The function of which muscle is
broken?
М. biceps brachii.
+М. triceps brachii.
М. anconeus.
M coracobrachialis.
М. brachialis.

A patient suffered from an acute inflammation of the nasolacrimal canal. It is known that after
suffering from flu, the patient had long discharges from the nose. From which meatus of the
nasal cavity discharges could lead to the infection in the nasolacrimal canal?
+From meatus nasi inferior
From meatus nasi superior
From meatus nasi media
From meatus nasi communis
From foramen sphenopalatinum

In a patient was diagnosed the oblique inguinal hernia, which came out of the inguinal canal.
What structure does forms the inferior wall of the inguinal canal?
Ligamentum lacunare.
+Ligamentum inguinale.
Fascia transversalis.
M. transversus abdominis.
Aponeurosis of m. obliqui externus abdominis.

A man was brought in a surgical department with a wound on the medial border of the forearm.
The examination showed that the patient damaged the process which borders with incisura
trochlearis . What the process was damaged?
Olecranon
+Procesus coronoideus.
Processus styloideus
Margo interosseus
Tuberositas ulnae

A patient was admitted to the hospital with muscles of facial expression disorder. The facial
nerve passes through the foramen
ovale
spinosum
+stylomastoid
lacerum
rotundum

A 30 years old woman fell and injured the sacrum. The radiological investigations revealed
damage of the sacral crest which is formed by the transverse processes of the sacral vertebrae.
Which sacral crest was damaged?
Middle and right medial crests.
+ Right lateral and left lateral crests.
Right lateral and right medial crests.
Left lateral and left medial crests.
Median and left medial crests.

X-ray showed the intraarticular fracture of the proximal epiphysis of the humerus. What the
structure of the humerus is damaged?
+Caput humeri
Collum chirurgicum
Crista tuberculi minor
Crista tuberculi major
Tuberculum minor

After the injury of the hip joint in the patient has a limitation of movements. What is the hip
joint by shape and number of axes?
Art. trochoidea.
Art. ginglymus.
Art. sellaris.
Art. spheroidea.
+Art. cotylica.

At person, the trauma has occurred due to direct violence on the medial aspect of the middle
third of the leg. What anatomic structure might be most likely fractured?
+diaphysis of tibia
distal epiphysis of fibula
proximal epiphysis of fibula
distal epiphysis of tibia
proximal epiphysis of tibia
proxial epiphysis of femur

It is known, that fractures of bones both at youths and elder men happen in the area of the
surgical neck. Indicate, on which of the following bones is this landmark present?
+humerus
radius
fibula
femur
humerus

In the victim was found stabbed muscles of the anterior wall of the axillary fossa. Which muscles
forms this wall?
M. pectoralis minor, m. subclavius
+M. pectoralis minor, m. pectoralis major.
M. serratus anterior, m. subclavius
M. serratus anterior, m. pectoralis major
M. serratus anterior, m. pectoralis minor

To establish the boundary between the cervical and thoracic parts of vertebral column, the
doctor must palpate to find the process of VIIth cervical vertebra. Which process should exactly
the doctor be looking for?
+spinosus
transversus
articularis superior
articularis inferior
mastoideus

In hospital was hospitalized a man with the injury of the brain. After the examination, the doctor
found the fracture of a bone of the skull. The fracture line passes through protuberantia mentalis.
Which bone was injured?
+ Mandibula
Maxilla
Os zygomaticus
Os lacrimale
Os palatinum

A 40 years old man was taken to hospital with a sliver of the lower third of the front of the
shoulder area. He has a limitation of flexion in the shoulder and elbow joints. Damage of which
muscle led to these disorders?
М. anconeus.
М. brachialis.
М. coracobrachialis.
M. triceps brachii.
+М. biceps brachii

In the surgical department was brought a man with an injury of the brain. A doctor established
the bone injury, which takes part in the formation of the lateral walls of the right orbit. Which
bone was damaged?
Right frontal bone.
+Right zygomatic bone.
Right temporal bone.
Right ethmoid bone.
Right maxilla.

A patient (man 68-years-old) was admitted to the hospital with a problem in the abdomen.
Posterior wall of rectus sheath below linea arcuata is formed by:
+fascia transversalis
fascia thoracodorsalis
aponeurosis of transverses muscle
aponeurosis of internal oblique muscle
aponeurosis of external oblique muscle

In a 37 years old patient after the ingress of foreign objects into the airways appeared a cough,
and then asthma. The tracheotomy was made on the neck, in the area which is limited by m.
omohyoideus venter superior, m. sternocleidomastoideus and median line of the neck. In which
triangle of the neck was operation done?
Trigonum caroticum.
+ Trigonum omotracheale.
Trigonum submandibulare.
Trigonum omotrapezoideum.
Trigonum omoclaviculare.

An ambulance brought a man with an injury of the brain to the hospital. The doctor found the
fracture of the skull. The fracture line passes through the sagittal border. Which bone was injured?
os frontale
os occipitale
os ethmoidale
os temporale
+os parietale

During the examination of 45 years old woman, the traumatologist found that musculus teres
minor was damaged. which function of the shoulder joint is lost?
+Adduction
Flexion
Abduction
Extension
Pronation

Woman 35 years old came to the otolaryngologist with complaints of headache and runny nose.
The doctor set the maxillary sinus inflammation (sinusitis). What bone is inflammated?
+ Maxilla.
Ethmoid bone (os ethmoidale).
Frontal bone (os frontale).
Sphenoid bone (os sphenoidale).
Palatinum bone (os palatinum).

The car ambulance delivred a man, who is 35 years old, to the hospital with a brain injury. After
the X-ray doctor establish the fractured skull. The line of the fracture passes through coronal
process. What bone is injured?
Maxilla.
+Mandibula.
Zygomatic bone (os zygomaticum).
Lacrimal bone (os lacrimale).
Palatinum bone (os palatinum).

In the department of maxillofacial surgery with a gunshot wound was taken a man, 43 years.
After radiological examination the doctor found that the bullet passed through the skull at mental
foramen (foramen mentale). What bone is damaged?
Maxilla.
Vomer.
Zygomatic bone (os zygomaticum).
+Mandibula.
Palatinum bone (os palatinum).

During the examination of woman, 36 years, doctor diagnosed the inflammation of the maxillary
sinus (sinus maxillaris). Thus it was discovered pus in one of the nasal passages, that came out
right from the maxillary sinus. In which meatus did doctor see pus?
+Meatus nasi medius.
Meatus nasi superior.
Meatus nasi communis.
Meatus nasi interior.
Meatus nasopharyngeus.

The boy, who is 13 years old, with long-term inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nasal
cavity has symptoms of inflammanation of frontal sinus (sinusitis). Through which formation of
the nasal cavity was it possible for the infection to spread in this sinus?
Sphenoethmoidal recess.
Sphenopalatine foramen.
Semilunar hiatus.
Cellulae ethmoidales.
+Infundibulum ethmoidale.

A doctor during the examination of nasal cavity of woman, 54 years, established the narrowing
of the set due to nasal benign tumor in the area of projection of canalis incisivus. Which nasal
passage is narrowed in this scenario?
+Meatus nasi communis.
Meatus nasi superior.
Meatus nasi interior.
Meatus nasi medius.
Meatus nasopharyngeus.

Dislocation of the mandible was established for the man, 35 years old. Where are caput
mandibulae located in case of dislocation?
On the left from the tuberculum articulare.
On the back from the tuberculum articulare.
+In front of the tuberculum articulare.
On the right from the tuberculum articulare.
On top of the tuberculum articulare.

Woman, 65 years old, came to the hospital with purulent inflammation of the mastoid cells. The
inflammation spread to the cranial fossa, which has a common wall with the processus. In which
fossa of the skull did inflammation of the mastoid process spread?
In middle cranial.
In frontal cranial.
In infratemporal.
In pterygopalatina.
+In the posterior cranial.

Woman, 52 years, came to the neurosurgical department with intracranial tumor. Additional
examination of the patient revealed that the tumor has destroyed the front half of the upper wall
of the eye socket. Which bone is damaged by the tumor?
Sphenoid bone.
Temporal bone.
+Frontal bone.
Ethmoid bone.
Nasal bone.

Due to the fall, the boy, 1 year old, received injury of anterior fontanel. What type of skull bones
connection were damaged?
+Syndesmosis.
Synchondrosis.
Synostosis.
Diartrosis.
Hemiartrosis.

In the surgical department was delivered a man, 22 years old, with gunshot wound of the head. It
was established damage of the collum mandibulae. Which process of mandible is damaged?
+Condylar process (processus condylaris).
Coronoid process (processus coronoideus).
Superior mental spine (spina mentalis superior).
Lingula of mandible (lingula mandibulae).
Inferior mental (spina mentalis inferior).

In the hospital was delivered a man, 34 years old, with stab wounds on the anterior cervical area.
The cornu majus of bone, which is located under the mandibulla, was damaged due to injury.
What bone is damaged?
Maxilla.
+Hyoid bone (os hyoideum).
Zygomatic bone (os zygomaticum).
Lacrimal bone (os lacrimale).
Palatinum bone (os palatinum).

Woman, 35 years old, came to the doctor complaining about complications of nasal breathing.
After the examination, the doctor found a distortion of the bone that almost forms the posterior
inferior part of the nasal septum. What bone is distorted?
Maxilla.
+Vomer.
Zygomatic bone (os zygomaticum).
Mandibula.
Palatinum bone (os palatinum).
A man, 27 years old, after eye injury arose inflammation of the soft tissues of the orbit. Later the
inflammation spread in the pterygopalatine fossa. Through which anatomic structure did purulent
process spread into this fossa?
Throght oval foramen.
+Through fissura orbitalis inferior.
Through sphenopalatine foramen.
Through fissura orbitalis superior.
Through foramen zygomaticoorbitale.

In the hospital was delivered a male, 26 years old, with a gunshot wound to the joint, the
formation of which involves the lower jaw (mandibula). The doctor established a damaged joint
surfaces of both bones that form this joint. What bone, except for the lower jaw is damaged?
Sphenoid bone (os sphenoidale).
+Temporal bone (os temporale).
Maxilla.
Zygomatic bone (os zygomaticum).
Occipital bone (os occipitale).

Woman, 68 years old, after eye injury has inflammation of the soft tissues of the orbit, which
later spread to infratemporal fossa. Through which anatomic structure did purulent process
spread into this fossa?
+Through fissura orbitalis inferior.
Throght oval foramen.
Through sphenopalatine foramen.
Through fissura orbitalis superior.
Through foramen zygomaticoorbitale.

Before the surgeon appealed a woman, 20 years old, with purulent inflammation of the skin in
the region of infraorbital fossa. Doctor predicts extending inflammation in the orbit. Through
which anatomic structure it possible for inflammation to spread in this case?
Canalis incisivus.
Canalis pterygoideus.
Canalis nasolacrimalis.
+Canalis infraorbitalis.
Fissura orbitalis inferior.

The man, 73 years old, with an abscess in the area of the infratemporal fossa, has complication,
which is the inflammation of the tissues, that surround the eyeball. Through which
communication of infratemporal fossa with orbital fossa can inflammation spread?
Canalis palatinus majus.
Fissura orbitalis superior.
Foramen sphenopalatinum.
+Fissura orbitalis inferior.
Canalis pterygoideus.

The man, 34 years old, with inflammation of sphenoid sinus, and doctor observed outflow of
turbid fluid from the opening of the sinus. In which part of the nasal cavity does fluid enter first
from sphenoid sinus?
Meatus nasi inferior.
Infundibulum.
Meatus nasi medius.
+Recessus sphenoethmoidalis.
Meatus nasi communis.

It was radiographically determined, that a man, 24 years old, has an accumulation of pus in the
right maxillary sinus. In which of the nasal passages will pus go initially?
In the lower right nasal.
+In the right middle nasal.
In the right upper nose.
In common right nasal .
In right nasopharyngeal

After the plastic surgery of the palatinum of boy, 12 years old, there was complication as
inflammation of the bone, located in the area of Lesser palatine foramina (foramina palatina
minora). What bone was inflammated?
Maxilla.
Ethmoid bone (os ethmoidale).
Frontal bone (os frontale).
Sphenoid bone (os sphenoidale).
+Palatinum bone (os palatinum).

A woman, 67 years old, with a brain injury, after X-ray doctor discovered the fracture of the
facial skull bones. Fracture line is located along linea mylohyoidea. What bone is injured?
Maxilla.
Lacrimal bone (os lacrimale).
Zygomatic bone (os zygomaticum).
+Mandibula.
Palatinum bone (os palatinum).

From the sports man, 24 years old, was taken to hospital with face injury. The doctor of the
receiving department established fracture of the facial skull bone. Fracture line passes through
the infraorbital edge (margo infraorbitalis). What bone is injured?
Lacrimal bone (os lacrimale).
+Maxilla.
Zygomatic bone (os zygomaticum).
Mandibula.
Palatinum bone (os palatinum).

In the emergency hospital was delivered a woman, 57 years old, with a brain injury. After the
examination it was necessary to perform surgical intervention of the cranial cavity. During the
operation neurosurgeon cut the bone just before coronal suture (sutura coronalis). What bone did
surgeon cut?
+Frontal bone.
Occipital (os occipitale).
Sphenoid bone (os sphenoidale).
Temporal bone (os temporale).
Ethmoid bone (os ethmoidale).

Male, 36 years old, with traumatic brain injury was brought to the surgical department. The
doctor of the receiving department established injury of the skull bone, which is involved in the
formation of the lateral side walls and bottom of the right eye socket. What bone is damaged in
this case?
Right frontal bone.
+Right zygomatic bone.
Right sphenoid bone.
Right ethmoid bone.
Right maxilla.

The patient 69 years old, has purulent inflammation of the nasal cavity, which spread in the
anterior cranial fossa. Through which anatomic structure did purulent process spread into this
fossa?
+Foramina cribrosa.
Foramen ovale.
Foramen ethmoidalae posterius.
Foramen sphenopalatinum.
Foramen rotundum.

Male 56 years came to the dentist, doctor for the purpose of anesthesia of large molars made
anesthetic injection (painkillers) to formation of the upper jaw, which is the entry point of the
nerves of the infratemporal fossa through foramina alveolaria to the alveolae dentales. Where did
the doctor inject the anesthetic?
Sinus maxillaris.
Processus frontalis.
Processus palatinus.
Processus alveolaris.
+Tuber maxillae.

Examining the boy, who is 2 years old, ophthalmologist established breach of the outcome of his
tears into the lower nostril. Through which communication of orbit with lower nasal passage is
this passage of tears complicated?
+Nasolacrimal canal.
-b) Anterior ethmoid foramen.
The upper orbital fissure.
The lower orbital fissure.
Posterior ethmoid foramen.

The girl, 12 years, with long-term inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity has
symptoms of sphenoid sinus inflammation. Through which anatomic structure did inflammation
spread into this sinus?
Hiatus semilunaris.
Sphenopalatine foramen.
Oval foramen.
+Foramen of sphenoid bone.
Round foramen.

The surgeon, operating 56 years old woman with a tumor of the hard palate (palatum durum),
removed along with the tumor one third of that upper jaw (maxilla) part, which is involved in
the formation of bone palate (palatum osseum). One-third of which part of the upper jaw did
surgeon remove?
Corpus maxillae.
Processus frontalis.
Processus zygomaticus.
+Processus palatinus.
Processus alveolaris.

Sagittal plane (median plane, midsagittal plane) divides the body into:
+Dexter і sinister parts
Anterior (ventralis) and posterior (dorsalis) parts
Cranialis (superior) and caudalis (inferior) parts
Profundus and superficialis
Proximalis and distalis

Frontal plane (coronal plane) divides the body into:

Dexter і sinister parts
+Anterior (ventralis) and posterior (dorsalis) parts
Cranialis (superior) and caudalis (inferior) parts
Profundus and superficialis
Proximalis and distalis

Horizontal (transverse) plane divides the body:

Dexter і sinister parts
Anterior (ventralis) and posterior (dorsalis) parts
+Cranialis (superior) and caudalis (inferior) parts
Profundus and superficialis
Proximalis and distalis

Name the body parts located close to the head?

Dexter
+Cranialis (superior)
Сaudalis (inferior)
Profundus
Superficialis.

Name the body parts located far from the head?

Dexter
Cranialis (superior)
+Сaudalis (inferior)
Profundus
Superficialis.

Name the body parts located close to the trunk?

Sinister
Profundus
Superficialis.
+Proximalis
Distalis

Name the body parts located distantly from the trunk?

Sinister
Profundus
Superficialis.
Proximalis
+Distalis

Choose two terms related to the distance of a structure from the surface of the body
Dexter і sinister parts
Anterior (ventralis) and posterior (dorsalis) parts
Cranialis (superior) and caudalis (inferior) parts
+Profundus and superficialis
Proximalis and distalis

Choose two terms, used in anatomy, refer to back and front or belly of an organism.
Dexter і sinister parts
+Anterior (ventralis) and posterior (dorsalis) parts
Cranialis (superior) and caudalis (inferior) parts
Profundus and superficialis
Proximalis and distalis

Choose the vertebra that has fovea dentis?

III cervicalis
+I cervicalis
II cervicalis
I thoracicae
XII thoracicae

What structures are located on the arcus posterior atlantis?

Fovea dentis, sulcus a.vertebralis
Fovea articularis superior, tuberculum posterius
Massa lateralis, fovea articularis inferior
+Sulcus a. vertebralis, tuberculum posterius
Fovea articularis inferior, tuberculum posterius

What part of the vertebra does form the foramen intervertebrale?

Corpus
Arcus
Lamina arcus vertebrae
Discus intervertebrales
+Pedicle

What bone does have processus spinosus?

+Vertebra
Ulna
Humerus
Os temporale
Os sphenoidale

What department of vertebra column does have vertebrae with split processus spinosus?
Lumbaris
Thoracicae, except first
+Cervicalis, except first and seventh
Sacralis et V lumbalis
IV, V lumbalis

What vertebra does have tuberculum caroticum?

VII cervicalis
V cervicalis
+VI cervicalis
I thoracicae
II cervicalis
What is the location of the processesus articularis vertebrae cervicalis?
Horizontalis
Frontalis
Sagittalis
Inter sagittalis et frontalis
+Interfrontalis et horizontalis

What is the location of the processus articularis vertebrae thoracicae?

Horizontalis
+Frontalis
Sagittalis
Inter sagittalis et frontalis
Inter frontalis et horizontalis

What is the location of the processus articularis vertebrae lumbales?

Horizontalis
Frontalis
+Sagittalis
Inter sagittalis et frontalis
Inter frontalis et horizontalis

Name the vertebra with no corpus?

V lumbalis
+I cervicalis
II cervicalis
VI cervicalis
I thoracicae

Name the vertebra with foramen processus transversus?

Cervicalis, за виключенням першого
+Cervicalis
Cervicalis, за виключенням сьомого
Thoracicaes
Lumbalis

Name the vertebrae thoracicae with one full fovea costalis on corpus?
X, XII
I, X, XI, XII
+I, XI, XII
I, II, XII
I, X, XI

How many vertebrae does columna vertebralis contain?

35-38
+33-34
34-36
30-32
31-40

Name the plane with physiological bends of the spine?

Horizontalis et sagittalis
Frontalis
+Sagittalis
Frontalis et sagittalis
Horizontalis et frontalis

How many vertebrae in the human spine aren’t fused?

7
12
5
+24
9

How many vertebrae in the human spine are fused to form sacrum and coccyx?
7
12
5
24
+9

What bone does have transverse processes?

+Vertebra
Sacrum
Humerus
Os temporale
Coccyx

What vertebra does have anterior arch (arcus anterior) and posterior arch (arcus posterior)?
+The first cervical vertebra (atlas)
The second cervical vertebrae (axis or epistropheus)
Seventh cervical vertebra (vertebra prominens)
First thoracic vertebra (T1)
Lumbar vertebrae

Choose structures that surround the vertebral canal

+Corpus and arcus
Corpus and lamina arcus vertebrae
Processus articularis superior and processus articularis inferior
Discus intervertebrales
Pedicles and lamina

Choose structures that surround the foramen vertebrale

+Corpus and arcus
Corpus and lamina arcus vertebrae
Processus articularis superior and processus articularis inferior
Discus intervertebrales
Pedicles and lamina

Choose structures that form arcus vertebrae

Corpus and arcus
Corpus and lamina arcus vertebrae
Processus articularis superior and processus articularis inferior
Discus intervertebrales
+Pedicles and lamina
What the structure is located between two vertebrae?
Corpus
+Discus intervertebrales
Arcus vertebrae
Processus spinosus
Lamina

What is the name of seventh vertebra?

Atlas
Axis
Epistropheus
+Vertebra prominens
Coccyx

What is the name of first vertebra?

+Atlas
Axis
Epistropheus
Vertebra prominens
Coccyx

What is the name of second vertebra?

Atlas
+Axis
Vertebrae cervicales
Vertebra prominens
Coccyx

What is the name of second vertebra?

Atlas
Vertebrae cervicale
+Epistropheus
Vertebra prominens
Coccyx

How many vertebrae cervicales in human collumna vertebralis are present?

+7
12
5
24
9

How many vertebrae thoracales in human collumna vertebralis are present?

7
+12
5
24
9

How many vertebrae lumbales in human collumna vertebralis are present?

7
12
+5
24
9

What is the specific feature of vertebrae cervicales?

Vertebra cervicales has no body
+Foramen transversarium perforating the transverse processes
Spines of all vertebrae cervicales are small and bifid
All vertebrae cervicales bear the dens (odontoid process)
All vertebrae cervicales have big corpus

What is the specific feature of vertebrae thoracales?

+Demifacets on the sides of their bodies for articulation with the heads of the ribs and by facets
on their transverse processes
Foramen transversarium perforating the transverse processes
Spines of all vertebrae thoracales are small and bifid
All vertebrae thoracales bear the dens (odontoid process)
T5 and T8 have not corpus

What is the specific feature of vertebrae lumbales?

All five vertebrae lumbales are fused
Foramen transversarium perforating the transverse processes
All vertebrae lumbales don’t have spine processes
All vertebrae lumbales bear the dens (odontoid process)
+Great size with strong, square, horizontal spines and with articular facets which lie in the
sagittal plane

What is the specific feature of the first cervical vertebra?

+It has no body
It bears the dens (odontoid process) on the superior aspect of its body
It has long and easily felt non-bifid spine
It comes into relationship with the descending aorta and is a little flattened by it on its left flank
Massive transverse process connects with the whole lateral aspect of its pedicle

What is the specific feature of the second cervical vertebra?

It has no body
+It bears the dens (odontoid process) on the superior aspect of its body
It has long and easily felt non-bifid spine
It comes into relationship with the descending aorta and is a little flattened by it on its left flank
Massive transverse process connects with the whole lateral aspect of its pedicle

What is the specific feature of the seventh cervical vertebra?

It has no body
It bears the dens (odontoid process) on the superior aspect of its body
+It has long and easily felt non-bifid spine
It comes into relationship with the descending aorta and is a little flattened by it on its left flank
Massive transverse process connects with the whole lateral aspect of its pedicle

What is the specific feature of the fifth lumbal vertebra (L5)?

It has no body
It bears the dens (odontoid process) on the superior aspect of its body
It has long and easily felt non-bifid spine
It comes into relationship with the descending aorta and is a little flattened by it on its left flank
+Massive transverse process connects with the whole lateral aspect of its pedicle

How many bones are fused in adulthood to form the hip bone?
2
+3
4
5

What component does form the superior part of the hip bone?
+ilium
pubis
ischium
sacrum

Find the bone that supports body weight when sitting?

iliac crest
+ischial tuberosity
ischiopubic ramus
pubic body

The ischial spine is found between the following structures:

inferior pubic ramus and ischial ramus
pectineal line and arcuate line
lesser sciatic notch and greater sciatic notch
+anterior superior iliac spine and posterior superior iliac spine

The pelvis ________.

+has a subpubic angle that is larger in females
consists of the two hip bones, but does not include the sacrum or coccyx
has an obturator foramen, an opening that is defined in part by the sacrospinous and
sacrotuberous ligaments
has a space located inferior to the pelvic brim called the greater pelvis

Which bony landmark of the femur serves as a site for muscle attachments?
fovea capitis
+lesser trochanter
head
medial condyle

What structure contributes to the knee joint?

lateral malleolus of the fibula
tibial tuberosity
+medial condyle of the tibia
lateral epicondyle of the femur
Which tarsal bone articulates with the tibia and fibula?
calcaneus
cuboid
navicular
+talus

What is the total number of bones found in the foot and toes?
7
14
+26
30

The tibia ________.

has an expanded distal end called the lateral malleolus
is not a weight-bearing bone
+is firmly anchored to the fibula by an interosseous membrane
can be palpated (felt) under the skin only at its proximal and distal ends

How many bones are there in the upper limbs combined?

20
30
40
+60

Which bony landmark is located on the lateral side of the proximal humerus?
+greater tubercle
trochlea
lateral epicondyle
lesser tubercle

Which region of the humerus articulates with the radius as part of the elbow joint?
trochlea
styloid process
+capitulum
olecranon process

Which is the lateral-most carpal bone of the proximal row?

trapezium
hamate
pisiform
+scaphoid

The radius bone ________.

is found on the medial side of the forearm
+has a head that articulates with the radial notch of the ulna
does not articulate with any of the carpal bones
has the radial tuberosity located near its distal end

What bone should be broken to remove the pituitary tumor?

+Sphenoid bone (os sphenoidale).
Temporal bone (os temporale).
Occipital bone (os occipitale).
Ethmoid bone (os ethmoidale).
Parietal bone (os parietale).

Find parts of the temporal bone.

Pterygoid processes
Lesser wings
The sella turcica
Glabella
+Tympanic part

Choose the parts of the sphenoid bone.

The squama
Glabella
The petrous (pyramid) with mastoid process
Talus
+The pterygoid processes

What bone does not articulate maxilla?

Ethmoid bone
Frontal bone
Nasal bone
+Sphenoid bone
Palatine bone

What part of the sphenoid bone contains optic foramen?

+The median portion and the body
Glabella and mastoid process
Two great wings
Two lesser wings
Two pterygoid processes

Continue the sentence: Mastoid process …

forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch.
+serves as a muscle attachment site.
houses the structures of the middle and inner ears.
forms temporomandibular joint, which allows for movements of the mandible during opening
and closing of the mouth.
serves as an attachment site for several small muscles and for a ligament that supports the hyoid
bone of the neck.

Choose the structure that the palatine bone and the upper jaw form.
The structures of the middle and inner ears
The nasal cavity
The posterior portion of the zygomatic arch
The nasal conchae and nasal meatus
+The orbital floor

In the hospital was a man with a knife at the nose. After the examination, doctor also found
damage in the cribriform plate. What bone was damaged?
Frontal bone (os frontale)
+Ethmoid bone (os ethmoidale)
Occipital bone (os occipitale)
Sphenoid bone (os sphenoidale)
Parietal bone (os parietale)

Continue the sentence: Styloid process …

forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch.
serves as a muscle attachment site.
houses the structures of the middle and inner ears.
forms temporomandibular joint, which allows for movements of the mandible during opening
and closing of the mouth.
+serves as an attachment site for several small muscles and for a ligament that supports the hyoid
bone of the neck.

What is the bone that does not form the orbit?

The frontal bone
+The temporal bone
Maxilla
Palatine bone
The ethmoid bone

What is the process of maxilla a considerable part of the floor of the nose and the roof of the
mouth form?
+Palatine process
Zygomatic process
Frontal process
Alveolar process
Pterygoid process

Continue the sentence: Articular tubercle of the temporal bone …

forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch.
serves as a muscle attachment site.
houses the structures of the middle and inner ears.
+forms temporomandibular joint, which allows for movements of the mandible during opening
and closing of the mouth.
serves as an attachment site for several small muscles and for a ligament that supports the hyoid
bone of the neck.

Continue the sentences: The pituitary gland sits in a protective bony enclosure called…
two great wings
two small wings
+the sella turcica
corpus sphenoidale
sphenoidal air sinuses

Name the bone that distantly articulate to other bones by muscles or ligaments?
Palatine bone
Ethmoid bone
+Hyoid
Inferior nasal concha
Vomer

Name the bone that has linea nuchalis superior.

The frontal bone (os frontale)
+The occipital bone (os occipitale)
The parietal bone (os parietale)
The temporal bone (os temporale)
The ethmoid bone (os ethmoidale)

Name the bone that situated at the upper and lateral part of the face and form the prominence of
the cheek, part of the lateral wall and floor of the orbit, and parts of the temporal and
infratemporal fossa?
Palatine bone
Ethmoid bone
+Zygomatic bone
Inferior nasal concha
Vomer

Inflammation in the sinus of which bone (sinusitis) can cause pain or pressure behind the eyes,
but often refers to the skull vertex (top of the head), over the mastoid processes, or the back of
the head?
occipital bone (os occipitale)
zygomatic bone (os zygomaticum)
temporal bone (os temporale)
+sphenoid bone (os sphenoidale)
parietal bone (os parietale)

Choose the bones form the orbit.

Temporal bone, Sphenoid bone, Lacrimal bone
Temporal bone, Parietal bone, Frontal bone
+Ethmoid bone, Maxilla, Zygomatic bone
Occipital bone, Temporal bone, Sphenoid bone
Ethmoid bone, Occipital bone Temporal bone

Name the bone that has sagittal margin

The frontal bone (os frontale)
Occipital bone (os occipitale)
Ethmoid bone (os ethmoidale)
Temporal bone (os temporale)
+Parietal bone (os parietale)

Name the bone that has superior nuchal line.

The frontal bone (os frontale)
Temporal bone (os temporale)
Parietal bone (os parietale)
+Occipital bone (os occipitale)
Ethmoid bone (os ethmoidale).

Continue the sentence: The sphenoid bone consist of…

seven different parts: 1 sella turcica, 2 lesser wings, 2 greater winds, 2 pterygoid process.
+seven different parts: 1 body, 2 lesser wings, 2 greater winds, 2 pterygoid process.
1 cribriform plate, 2 lesser wings, 2 greater winds, 2 pterygoid process.
1 body, 2 lesser wings, 2 greater winds, 2 sphenoidal sinuses.
1 sella turcica, 2 lesser wings, 2 greater winds, 2 sphenoidal sinuses.
Name the bone that has pharyngeal tubercle.
frontal bone (os frontale)
parietal bone (os parietale).
+occipital bone (os occipitale)
temporal bone (os temporale).
ethmoid bone (os ethmoidale).

Choose the bones that contain large cavities – sinuses.

+ Frontal bone
Occipital bone
Mandible
Palatine bone
Parietal bone

Choose the bones that contain large cavities – sinuses.

Temporal bone
Occipital bone
Palatine bone
+Sphenoid bone
Zygomatic bone

Choose the bones that contain large cavities – sinuses.

Occipital bone
Parietal bone
+Maxilla
Palatine bone
Vomer

Name the bone that has crista galli.

The occipital bone (os occipitale)
The parietal bone (os parietale)
+The ethmoid bone (os ethmoidale)
The frontal bone (os frontale)
The sphenoid bone (os sphenoidale)

What are the bones make up much of the medial wall of the orbit?
frontal and temporal bones
palatine and zygomatic bone
+ethmoid and lacrimal bones
the greater wing of sphenoid bone
frontal and sphenoid bones

What bone does form the roof of the orbit?

+The frontal bone
The ethmoid bone
The zygomatic bone
The palatine bone
The maxilla

Name the bone that has the ramus. What bone injured?
The frontal bone (os frontale)
+The mandible (mandible)
The occipital bone (os occipital)
The ethmoid bone (os ethmoidale)
The maxilla (maxilla)

Name the bone that has the zygomatic process and alveolar process.
The temporal bone (os frontale)
The mandible (mandible).
The occipital bone (os occipital)
The ethmoid bone (os ethmoidale).
+The maxilla (maxilla)

What bone does form the lateral wall and lateral floor of the orbit?
The temporal bone
The ethmoid bone
+The zygomatic bone
The sphenoid bone
The maxilla

This bone assists in forming the boundaries of three cavities: the roof of the mouth, the floor and
lateral wall of the nasal cavity, the wall of the orbit. What is it?
The frontal bone (os frontale)
The mandible (mandible)
The occipital bone (os occipital)
The ethmoid bone (os ethmoidale).
+The maxilla (maxilla)
ООО
What types of synartrosis do you know?
articulatio, syndesmosis, synchondrosis
+syndesmosis, synchondrosis, synostosis
symphysis, syndesmosis, synostosis
articulatio, symphysis, amphyartrosis
syndesmosis, synchondrosis, symphysis

What is the name of bones connection made up with fibrous connective tissue?
synchondrosis
symphysis
+syndesmosis
articulatio
synostosis

What types of syndesmosis do you know?

ligamentum, sutura, gomphosis, symphysis
articulatio, synchondrosis, synostosis, fonticulus
+ligamentum, membrana, sutura, fonticulus
diartrosis, symphysis, synartrosis
sutura, symphysis, fonticulus

What is the name of uninterrupted joints of bones with cartilage?

syndesmosis
symphysis
amphyartrosis
+synchondrosis
articulatio

“ Ossification” is terminal stage of the development:

simplex joint
combinate joint
synchondrosis permanent
symphysis
+ synchondrosis temporary

Find the necessary components of joint (L.Articulatio):

discus articularis, facies articularis, ligamentum
+facies articularis, capsula articularis, cavitas articularis, synovia
plicae, cavitas articularis, capsula articularis
facies articularis, capsula, menisci
ligamentum, plicae, capsula articularis
Find the layers of L.capsula articularis?
fiber , fat membrane
+fiber,synovial membrane
synovial , elastic membrane
fiber, cartilage membrane
connective tissue, epithelial membrane

Name the layer of capsula articularis (L.) that produces synovial liquid?
fiber membrane
+ synovial membrane
fat membrane
external epithelial membrane

What auxiliary apparatus of joint do you know?

+Cartilago intraarticularis, ligamenta, plicae, bursa synovialis
Ligamenta intracapsulare, capsula synovialis, bursa synovialis
Cartilago intraarticularis, ligament, facies articularis
Cartilago intraarticularis, plicae, capsula articularis
Ligamenta, plicae, facies articularis

What kinds of joints (according to amount of bones) do you know?

simplex, complexa
simplex, combinata
combinata, composita
+simplex,composita
combinata, complexa

Find the joint that contains discs’ meniscus?

simplex
+complexa
composita
pivot
combinata

Name the two anatomic separated articulations which move at the same time:
+combinata
simplex
complexa
ball and socket
composita

What movements can we do in frontal axis?

abductio, adductio
+flexio, extensio
rotatio, circumductio
flexio, rotatio
circumductio, flexio

What movements can we do in sagital axis?

flexio, extensio
+abductio, adductio
rotatio,extensio
circumductio, flexio
flexio, adduction
What movements can we do in vertical axis?
abductio
flexio
+rotatio
adductio
extensio

Choice uniaxial joints?

pivot, condylaris, ellipsoidea
spheroidea, hinge, sellaris
ball and socket, cochlearis, plana
+pivot, hinge
cochlearis, plana

Choice biaxial joints?

spheroidea, sellaris, plana
+sellaris, condylaris (ellipsoidea)
condylaris, pivot, cochlearis
sellaris, condylaris, hinge
ellipsoidea, sellaris, plana

Choice joints with few axial?

plana, pivot, sellaris
ellipsoidea, pivot, sellaris
+spheroidea, plana, ball and socket
plana, pivot, hinge
spheroidea, ball and socket, sellaris

What types of joints do we have between bodies of vertebra?

+synchondrosis,synostosis, symphysis
diartrosis, synostosis
synchondrosis, symphysis, diartrosis
symphysis, diartrosis
syndesmosis, diartrosis
What types of joints do we have between arcus vertebrae?
+Synelastosis
Synchondrosis
Diartrosis,
Symphysis
Synostosis

What types of joints do we have between processus spinosus vertebrae?

+Syndesmosis
Diartrosis
Symphysis
Synostosis
Synchondrosis

What types of joints do we have between processus articularis vertebrae?

Symphysis
Syndesmosis
+Diartrosis
Synostosis
Synchondrosis

What joint has ‘rotatio’?

articulatio atlantooccipitalis
+articulatio atlantoaxialis mediana
articulatio atlantoaxialis mediana, articulation atlanto-occipitalis
articulatio zygapopbysialis
articulatio atlanto-occipitalis, articulatio atlantoaxialis lateralis

Find the features of the atlantooccipital joint?

simplex, complex
composita
+ combinata, simplex
composite, combinata
composita

What is the type of articulatio intervertebralis?

simplex, complex
composita
+ combinata, simplex
composite, combinata
composita

What kind of movement can we do in articulatio atlantooccipitalis?

+Flexio, Extensio, Abductio, Adductio
Flexio, Extensio,rotatio
Abductio, Adductio, rotatio
Flexio, Extensio,supinatio
Abductio, Adductio, pronation

What kind of joint do we have between І st rib and sternum?

Diartrosis
synostosis
+synhondrosis permanent
synhondrosis temporary
symphysis

What kind of joint do we have between ІІ-VII ribs and sternum?

synostosis
+articulatio plana
synhondrosis temporary
synhondrosis permanent
synelastosis

What kind of joint do we have between VIII, IX і X ribs?

+Syndesmosis
articulation synovialis
Symphysis
Synostosis
Synchondrosis

Find ribs that don’t have articulatio castotransversaria?

X, IX
VIII, V
+XI, XII
I, II
VI, XII

In what joints of head of the ribs we don’t have intraarticulare ligaments?

I, V,XII
+I, XI, XII
X, XI, XII
VI, VII, VIII
I, II, XII

What kinds of joints do we have between calvaria cranii?

Articulatio,Suturae
Symphysis, Ligamenta
+Suturae, Synostosis, Fonticuli
Ligamenta
Suturae, Symphysis

Find the features of articulatio temporo-mandibularis is ?

simplex, complex
+simplex, complex, composita
complex, simplex
complex, composita
composita, simplex

What joints do we have in articulatio cinguli membri superioris?

+sternoclacicularis, acromioclavicularis
sternoclacicularis, art. humeri
art. humeri, acromioclavicularis
art. humeri, art. cubiti
radioulnaris, distalis, art. humeri
Find the features of articulatio acromioclavicularis
simplex, complex
composita
+simplex, combinata, simplex
composite, combinata
composita

What auxiliary apparatus does art. Humeri have?

ligamentum intracapsulare
meniscus, bursa synovialis
+labrum articulare, bursa synovialis, vagina synovialis
plica synovialis, discus articularis
ligamentum intracapsulare, plica synovialis

Find the features of art. humeri?

Hinge
Sellaris
+Spheroidea
Ellipsoidea
Pivot

What joints does art. Cubiti have?

+humeroradialis, humeroulnaris, radioulnaris proximalis
radiocarpea, radioulnaris distalis, humeroulnaris
humeroradialis, humeroulnaris, radioulnaris distalis
humeroradialis, humeroulnaris, art. humeri
humeroulnaris, humeroradialis, mediacarpea

What ligaments does art. Cubiti have?

+radiale et ulnare, collaterale, annulare radii
lateralis, collaterale, mediale breve
collaterale radiale et ulnare, ligg. carpea
Radiacarpeum dorsale et palmare
collaterale radiale, radiocapeum palmare

What types of joints do we have between Ulna and Radius?

diartrosis, synostosis
articulatio, symphysis
+articulatio, syndesmosis
synchondrosis, synostosis
symphysis, synostosis

What connections do we have between Ulna and Radius?

art. radiocarpea, membrane interossea antebrahii
+art.radioulnaris proximalis et distalis, membrana interossea antebrahii
art. radioulnaris proximalis et distalis, sutura
art. humeroradialis, articulatio radioulnaris distalis
art. humeroulnaris, articulatio radioulnaris distalis

articulation radiocarpea is consist of?

ulna carpus
radius,carpus
+radius, os scaphoideum, os lunatum, os triquetrum, discus
ulna, os scaphoideum, discus articularis
humerus , carpus

Choice ligament which doesn’t connect articulatio radiocarpea?

ligg.collaterale carpi radiale
+ligg.collaterale carpi
lig.radiocarpeum palmare
lig.radiocarpeum dorsale
lig.collaterale carpi ulnare

Find the features of articulatio radiocarpea?

composita, plana
simplex, ellipsoidea
composita, sellaris
simplex, spheroidea
+composita, ellipsoidea

articulation mediocarpea is consist of?

os scaphoideum, os trapezoideum, radius
os pisiforme, os scaphoideum et os capitatum
+os scaphoideum,os triquetrum, os trapezium, os trapezoideum, os lunatum, os hamatum, os
capitatum
os scaphoideum, os trquetrum, os pisiforme et os hamatum
os scaphoideum, os lunatum et ulna

articulariones carpometacarpeae is consist of?

proximal parts of carpus, caput ossa metacarpi
+distal parts of carpus, basis ossa metacarpi
proximal parts of carpus, caput ossa metacarpi
os pisiforme, basis ossa metacarpi
distal parts of carpus, basis ossa metacarpi

ІІ-V articulatio carpometacarpae is?

Elipsoidea
Sellaris
+Plana
Trochlearis
Condylaris

ІІ-V articulatio metacarpeaphalangea pollicis is?

Elipsoidea
+Sellaris
Plana
Trochlearis
Condylaris

articulatio carpometacarpae pollicis is consist of?

+Os trapezium, basis os metacarpale I
Os trapezoideum, basis os metacarpale I
Os capitatum, basis os metacarpale I
Os scaphoideum, basis os metacarpale I
Os hamatum, basis os metacarpale I

articulatio carpometacarpae pollicis is?

Simplex, Plana
Composita, Sellaris
Composita, Spheroidea
+Simplex, Sellaris
Composita, Ellipsoidea

Articulationes metacarpophalangeales manus is

Simplex, Plana
Composita, Sellaris
Composita, Spheroidea
+Simplex, Ellipsoidea
Composita

Articulationes metacarpophalangeales manus has the following movements

Flexio, extensio, circumduction, rotatio
+Adductio, abduction, flexio, extensio, circumductio
Pronatio, sapinatio, circumduction, rotatio
Rotatio, circumdactio, adductio
Adductio, abduction, pronation, supination

articulations interphalangeales manus has the following movements

+Flexio, extensio
Adductio, abduction, flexio, extensio, circumductio
Pronatio, sapinatio, circumduction, rotatio
Rotatio, circumdactio, adductio
Adductio, abduction, pronation, supination

articulatio carpometacarpae pollicis has the following t movements?

Flexio, extensio, circumduction, rotatio
+Adductio, abduction, flexio, extensio, circumductio
Pronatio, sapinatio, circumduction, rotatio
Rotatio, circumdactio, adductio
Adductio, abduction, pronation, supination

Find the features of articulations interphalangaeae manus:

Composita, plana
+Simplex, hinge
Composita, ellipsoidea
Simplex, cotilica
Composita, pivot

What connections does Ossa pelvis have?

Articulatio coxae, articulatio sacroiliaca
+Symphysis pubica, syndesmosis, synostosis
Articulatio sacrococcygea, Articulatio coxae
Articulatio sacrococcygea, Articulatio zygapophysialis, synostosis
Articulatio coxae, symphysis pubica
What are the main ligaments which connect Articulatio sacroiliaca?
+Sacroiliaca interossea, iliolumbale, sacroiliaca ventralia et dorsalia
Sacroiliaca ventralia et dorsalia, sacrotuberale, sacrospinale
Sacroiliaca ventralia et dorsalia, sacrotuberale, sacrococcygeum
Sacroiliaca ventralia et dorsalia, sacrotuberale, iliolumbale
Sacroiliaca ventralia et dorsalia, sacroiliaca interossea, sacrotuberale

Find the features of Articulatio sacroiliaca:

Composita , complexa, plana
Composita, trochlearis
Simplex, complexa, ellipsoidea
Composita, complexa, spheroidea
+Simplex, plana, amphiarthrosis

Articulatio coxae is consist of:

+Caput ossis femoris, Facies lunata acetabuli
Facies auricularis sacri et Facies lunata acetabuli
facies tuber ischiadicum et Caput ossis femoris
Caput ossis femoris et Facies auricularis sacri
fovea capitis ossis femoris et acetabulum

Articulatio coxae has:

Discus articularis
Meniscus articularis
+Labrum articulare
Discus intervertebralis
Discus triangulare

What intraarticalate ligaments does Articulatio coxae have:

+lig. Capitis femoris, Lig. Transversum acetabuli
Lig. Iliofemorale
Zona orhicularis, lig. Transversum acetabuli
Lig. cruciatum
Collaterale, denticulatum

What ligaments connect Articulatio coxae:

+Zona orhicularis, iliofemorale, ischiofemorale, pubofemorale
lig. Transversum acetabuli, lig. Capitis femoris
iliofemorale, lig.capitis femoris
lig. Ischiofemorale, Zona orhicularis, lig.capitis femoris
Zona orhicularis, lig.capitis femoris

Find the features of Articulatio coxae:

Composita , spheroidea
Simplex, ellipsoidea
+Simplex, spheroidea (ball and socket)
Composita, plana
Composita

Find the features of Symphysis pubica?

Articulatio
Synostosis
Synchondrosis
+Symphysis
Syndesmosis

Articulatio genus doesn’t consist of?

Facies patellaris femoris
Facies articularis condylis femoris
Facies articularis superior tibiae
+Facies articularis fibulare
Facies articularis patellae

Name the auxiliary apparatus of Articulatio genus?

ligament, discus, plicae alares, bursae synovialis
Ligg. Intracapsularia, labrum articulare, bursa synovialis
+Ligamentum, meniscus, plicae alares, bursae synovialis
Ligamentum, vaginae synovialis, plicae alares
Ligamentum, meniscus, vagina synovialis, bursae synovialis

What intraarticalate ligaments does Articulatio genus have?

+Cruniata, meniscofemorale, transversum genus
Cruciata, lig.capitis femoris , transversum genus
Meniscofemorale, transversum genus, lig.collaterale
Meniscofemorale lateralis, lig. transversum genus
Cruciatum, transversum genus, zona orbicularis

Find the features of Articulatio genus?

Pivot
Hinge
Sellaris
+Condylaris
Spheroidea

What types of movements can we do in Articulatio genus?

Extensio, abductio, adductio
Flexio, abductio, adductio
Abductio, extensio, rotatio
+Flexio, extensio, rotatio
Flexio, adductio, rotatio

Find the joint without ossa tarsis?

Articulatio talocalcaneonavicularis
+Articulatio tibiofibularis
Articulatio calcaneocuboidea
Articulatio subtalaris
Articulatio cuneonavicularis

Find the joint with Articulatio tarsi transversa?

Subtalaris, cuneonavicularis
+talocalcaneonavicularis, calcaneocuboidea
talocalcaneonavicularis, Subtalaris
Calcaneocuboidea, subtalaris
talocalcaneonavicularis, cuneonavicularis
What ligament is a key of articulatio tarsi transversa
Lig. calcaneonaviculare
Lig. calcaneofibulare
+Lig. bifurcatum
Lig. talonaviculare
Lig. Plantare longum

Find the joints with basis ossis metatarsi?

Tarsometatarseae
+Intermetatarseae
Metatarsophalangeae
Tarsi transversa
Interphalangeae

Find the joints between ossа metatarsi and phalanx proximalis?

Interphalangeae
Intermetatarseae
Intermetatarseae
+Metatarsophalangeae
Tarsometatarseae

Find the features of Interphalangeae joints

+Simplex, Hinge
Composita, Hinge
Simplex, Sellaris
Composita, condylyaris
Simplex, plana

What types of movements can we do in Articulatio interphalangea?

Rotatio
+Flexio, extensio
Abductio, adductio
Rotatio, circumductio
Flexio, rotatio

Find the structures of pelvis major?

Ossa ischii-from lateral, basis ossis sacri-from dorsal
+Alae ossis ilii- from lateral, promotorium- from dorsal
Ossa pubis- from lateral, vertebrae lumbalis- from dorsal
Ossa ischii-- from lateral, apex ossis sacri- from dorsal
Ossa ischii-- from lateral,facies pelvina ossis sacri- from dorsal

Find the structures of pelvis minor from lateral sides?

Alae ossis ilii
+Ossa ischii
Rami ossis pubis
Alae ossis ilii, ramus ossis ilii
Alae ossis ilii,os coccyges

What structure is separatec pelvis major from pelvis minor?

Linea aspera
Crista iliaca
+Linea terminalis
Linea glutea
Linea transversa

What connection we don’t have between bones of pelvis?

Syndesmosis
+Membrana interossea
Synostosis
Symphysis
Articulatio synoviais

During the diagnosis the brain tumor in a patient was found in the posterior horn of the lateral
ventricle and the area of calcarine gyrus. If the tumor will continue to grow rapidly what
disturbance can occur?
+Disturbance of visual function
Disturbance of olfactory function
Disturbance of taste function
Disturbance of vestibular analyzer
Disturbance of acoustic function

A loss of general sensation in some areas at one side of the body was revealed in the patient after
the trauma of the head. Which cerebral gyrus was damaged?
Upper temporal
Precentral
+Postcentral
Lower temporal
Middle temporal

A lesion of anterior horns of the spinal cord by the tumor was revealed in the patient. Define
what kind of neurons are affected?
Parasympathetic
Sensory
Sympathetic
+Motor
Mixed

The Parkinson disease was revealed in woman of 49 years old. In MRI image the degradation of
substantia nigra was found. The substantia nigra is a source:
+ Of dopamine
Of adrenaline
Of acetylcholine
Of serotonine
Of melatonin

In the patient of 35 years old after the meningoencephalitis the acute hearing loss was revealed.
The examination of the patient excluded a pathology of the sensory and conductive hearing
apparatus. What gyrus of the cerebral cortex involved in pathological phenomenon?
+ Superior temporal
Superior frontal
Supramarginal
Angular
Middle temporal

After cranial trauma the patient has lost an ability to feel the taste and smell. What cortical
centers were damaged?
+ Uncus
Insula
Lower frontal gyrus
Upper parietal lobule
Middle temporal gyrus

The patient of 35 years old was hospitalized with the lesion of the cervical spinal cord segments
after the road accident. How many segments does this part of the spinal cord have?
7
+8
5
12
2

The head injury of the patient caused a loss of tactile and temperature sensations. What gyrus
was affected by this trauma?
Precentral
Angular
Supramarginal
+Postcentral
Cingulate

The patient becomes tired very quickly when working. In a standing position with closed eyes he
loses balance. Skeletal muscle tone is decreased. What brain structure is most likely injured in
this man?
Thalamus
Basal ganglia
Limbic system
Precentral gyrus of hemispheres
+ Cerebellum

During the examination of a patient of 54 years old the tumor of internal structure of the pons at
the formation of corpus trapezoideum was revealed. What pathways of the brain do belong to
corpus trapezoideum?
+ Tractus acusticus
Tractus spinothalamicus lateralis
Tractus spinocerebellaris anterior
Tractus spinocerebellaris posterior
Tractus spinothalamicus anterior

The patient has paralysis of the right upper and lower limbs. The center of what hemisphere of
the brain is damaged?
Center of simultaneous rotation of the head and eyes to the opposite side of the right hemisphere
+ Motor center of left hemisphere
Motor center of right hemisphere
Center of precise movement of the left hemisphere
Center of stereognosis of the left hemisphere
In a patient of 36 years old has a disturbance of a motor function of the tongue after a viral
infection. With pathology of what nerve this state is connected?
Vagus
+ Hypoglossal
Lingual
Glossopharyngeal
Facial

The woman of 27 years old complains to the doctorophtalmologist about blurred vision. The
examination has found the violations of lens accommodation process. The function of what
anatomical structure is disturbed in patient?
+ M. ciliaris
M. dilatator pupillae
M. sphincter pupillae
Lig. pectinatum iridis
Corpus vitreum

After the patient's brain computer tomography doctor has found a tumor that is localized in the
area of inferior salivatory nucleus. In what part of the brain is salivatory nucleus located?
+ Medulla oblongata
Midbrain
Diencephalon
Pons
Cerebellum

After the circulatory disorder of the brain the patient has lost the ability to write letters and
numbers. In what part of the brain did this pathology occur?
Lobus parietalis
Lobus temporalis
+Lobus frontalis
Lobus occipitalis
Insula

In a patient 65 years old the dysfunction of motor centers that regulate the activity of the muscles
of the head was observed after the household trauma. In which areas of the cerebral cortex the
corresponding center is localized?
Upper part of the precentral gyrus
+ Lower part of the precentral gyrus
Marginal gyrus
Superior parietal lobe
Angular gyrus

In one of the clinics the boy's parents asked for medical assistance. Boy 12 years old had growth
of about 2 meters. After the scull X-ray examining an increase of Turkish saddle was revealed.
What structure of the brain had been changed in the boy?
Epiphysis
+ Hypophysis
Thalamus
Midbrain
Medulla oblongata
The patient cannot understand the text (cannot reabecause of complication after the trauma of the
head. What is the localization of the central nervous system lesion in this case?
Superior temporal gyrus
+ Gyrus angularis
Superior frontal gyrus
Middle temporal gyrus
Middle frontal gyrus

In the patient 49 years old there is damage of the white matter of the spinal cord within the
lateral part of the posterior funicilus and disturbance of proprioceptive sensitivity of muscles and
joints of the upper limb. What is the pathway that forms the lateral part of posterior funiculus?
Tr. spinothalamicus lateralis
+ Fasciculus cuneatus tr. bulbothamici
Tr. spinocerebellaris anterior
Tr. spinocerebellaris posterior
Fasciculus gracilis tr. bulbothamici

The subarachnoidal posttraumatic hematoma was revealed in the parietal region of the patient.
The patient had lost sensitivity of the body. What gyrus could be compressed by the hematoma?
+ Postcentral
Precentral
Superior temporal
Angular
Superior parietal

A patient has a tumor in the area of the upper nasal meatus. Which cranial nerve's receptors may
be affected by the tumor?
Facial
Optic
Adductor
Trochlear
+ Olfactory

After the trauma of the head, the patient 49 years old lost an ability to recognize the surface and
the shape of things by touching (stereognosis). In which areas of the cerebral cortex normally the
center of stereognosis is localized?
Supramarginal gyrus
Inferior parietal lobes
+Superior parietal lobes
Parietal gyrus
Angular gyrus

The patient after traumatic brain injury has reduced skin sensitivity. What is the area of the
cerebral cortex that could be affected?
Frontal area of the cortex
Cingular gyrus
+Postcentral gyrus
Occipital area
Precentral gyrus

Woman 58 years old was addressed to the doctor with complaints of loss of taste sensitivity of
the tongue. An examination by NMR a hemorrhage in the area of the medulla oblongata was
discovered. Damage of which nucleus of the medulla oblongata could lead to loss of taste in the
patient?
Nucleus nervi hypoglossi
Nucleus ambiguus
+Nucleus tractus solitarii
Nucleus salivatorius inferior
Nucleus dorsalis nervi vagi

The patient has paralysis of the left upper and lower limbs. The center of what hemisphere of the
brain could be damaged?
Motor center of left hemisphere
Center of simultaneous rotation of the head and eyes to the opposite side of the right hemisphere
Center of precise movement of the right hemisphere
Center of stereognosis of the left hemisphere
+ Motor center of right hemisphere

The patient was admitted to the hospital with haematoma suspected in the brain area. After the
tomographic examination the lemniscus lateralis damage was revealed. Which of the pathways is
this structure belong to?
Tr. frontopontinus
Tr. pyramidalis
+Tr. acusticus
Tr. tectospinalis
Tr. reticulospinalis

At a patient a trauma of the calvaria has happened due to a road accident. The patient was
admitted into the hospital with severe bleeding and fracture of the calvaria bones. Which of the
sinuses of dura mater might be injured?
+ Sagittalis superior
Petrosus superior
Sigmoideus
Straight
Transverse

After the trauma the patient 45 years old has loss of sensitivity on specific areas of the right part
of the body. What gyrus of the cerebral hemispheres is affected?
Inferior temporal gyrus
Middle temporal gyrus
+Postcentral gyrus
Precentral gyrus
Superior temporal gyrus

The patient 55 years old was admitted to the emergency department in unconscious condition.
After MRI examination the hemorrhage in the area near posterior crus of internal capsule was
found. The posterior crus of internal capsule is located between:
+ Thalamus and globus pallidus
Globus pallidus and nucleus caudatus
Nucleus caudatus and thalamus
Putamen and globus pallidus
Insula and capsula externa
The patient was hospitalized with a closed head trauma in the area of the occipital bone. The
balance disorder and hands tremor were found during examination. What part of the brain could
be damaged?
+ Cerebellum
Medulla oblongata
Pons
Diencephalon
Spinal cord

In a case of the cerebrospinal fluid pathways blockade at the median and lateral apertures of IV
ventricle the occlusive syndrome develops. In what sctructure cerebrospinal fluid outflows from
IV ventricle normally through these apertures?
Lateral ventricles
Cerebral aqueduct
+Subarachnoid space
III ventricle
Central canal

After haemorrhage the patient lost an ability to pronounce words. In what gyrus this hemorrhage
could be localized?
Middle temporal
Superior frontal
Middle frontal
Superior temporal
+ Inferior frontal

The patient 59 years old has problem with voluntary movement of right hand because of the
tumor of spinal cord. Nerve impulses that cause voluntary muscle contractions are transmitted
through:
Funiculus anterior
Funiculus lateralis
Funiculus posterior
+Both Funiculus anterior and Funiculus lateralis
Both Funiculus lateralis and Funiculus posterior

In a boy 12 years old inflammation of the inner ear was complicated by diffuse meningitis. The
doctor suggested that the process spread through communication between the subarachnoid
space of the brain and the perilymphatic space of the inner ear. Through which anatomical
formation this inflammation could pass?
Fossa subarcuata
Hiatus canalis n. petrosi majoris
Hiatus canalis n. petrosi minoris
+Aqueductus vestibuli
Fissura petrosquamosa

The patient has inflammation of the inner ear. After the examination, the lesion of VIII pairs of
cranial nerves was found by the doctor. What is a location of bodies of first neurons of the
auditory analyzer?
G. vestibulare
+ G. spirale
G. geniculi
G. trigeminale
G. ciliare

The patient does not understand the meaning of the words, as well as his own speech. What
gyrus of the cerebral hemispheres is affected?
Superior parietal gyrus
Postcentral gyrus
Inferior frontal gyrus
+Superior temporal gyrus
Inferior parietal gyrus

The patient 26 years old lost the ability to read letters, words and phrases after the surgery. In
what area of the cortex this function was not restored?
Cuneus
+ Gyrus angularis
Sulcus calcarinus
Gyrus temporalis superior
Gyrus supramarginalis

After the injury the patient 22 years old was admitted to the neurological department. An
increase pupil diameter and violations of pupillary reflex was found by the doctor during the
examination. The function of what muscle was blocked?
Musculus dilatator pupillae
+ Musculus sphincter pupillae
Musculus ciliaris
Musculus rectus superior
Musculus rectus inferior

Due to the tumor in the third ventricle of the brain the patient developed the autonomic disorders
such as sleep disorders, thermoregulation, all types of metabolism disorders, diabetes insipidus.
Irritating of nuclei of which areas of the brain caused these symptoms?
+ Hypothalamus
Tegmentum of the midbrain
Pons
Peduncles of the brain
Medulla oblongata

During examination of the patient the injury of the lemniscus lateralis was revealed. Which of
the pathways is this structure?
+ Tr. acusticus
Tr. pyramidalis
Tr. frontopontinus
Tr. tectospinalis
Tr. reticulospinalis

A 65 years old patient was diagnosed with the hemorrhage in the anterior horn of the spinal cord.
What function do they have?
+ Motor
Sensory
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
Mixed
Examination of the brain using special Xray has revealed that the 47 years old patient with a
brain tumor has the expansion of Ist, IInd and IIId ventricles. Indicate the most probable location
of the tumor.
Telencephalon
Medulla
Pons
+Midbrain
Cerebellum

The patient after the stroke has the hemorrhage in the area of the medial surface of the occipital
lobe of the brain. The function of which analyzer is likely to be broken?
Gustatory
Auditory
+Visual
Olfactory
Somatosensory

The patient, 45 years old, suffered a severe cerebrovascular stroke. After stabilization of the
general condition, the loss of the ability to clearly pronounce the words was discovered. The
damage of which areas of the cerebral cortex has caused the lesion of motor speech center?
Supramarginalis
+ Gyrus frontalis inferior
Precentralis
Angularis
Temporalis superior

A 10 years old child has nasopharyngitis that is complicated by acute otitis. The middle ear is
separated from the inner ear by:
Round window
Tympanic membrane
Oval window
+Both round window and oval window
Both round window and tympanic membrane

The patient, 38 years old, was admitted to the neurological department with hemorrhage in the
area near the red nucleus, substantia nigra and corpora quadrigemina. In which region of the
brain are corpora quadrigemina, nucleus ruber and substantia nigra located?
diencephalon
metencephalon
+mesencephalon
myelencephalon
cerebellum

The patient complains about the headache, dizziness, and balance disturbance. The obstruction of
connection between the third and fourth ventricles was found. The fourth ventricle is located
within:
cerebrum
mesencephalon
+ rhombencephalon
diencephalons
spinal cord
The 35yearold man after meningoencephalitis had the sharp decline of hearing. The inspection
has not exposed pathology of sound conducting and sound accepting organs of hearing. In what
cortical gyrus have the pathological changes been found?
supramarginalis
middle temporal
superior frontal
+superior temporal
insula

The tumor of the patient's brain near the red nucleus was revealed on CT image. What part of the
brain is damaged by the tumor?
+ Midbrain
Cerebellum
Diencephalon
Medulla
Pons

A patient was diagnosed with the inflammation of part of eyeball, where the blood vessels are
absent. What a structure is characterized by this feature?
+cornea
vascular coat
iris
ciliary body
retina

A 10 years old child with nasal inflammation complains about a pain in his left ear. The
examination has found inflammation of the middle ear. Through which anatomical formation the
infection passed in the middle ear?
+ Semicanal of auditory tube
Tympanic canal
Musculotubal canal
Carotic canal
Semicanal of tensor tympany muscle

The patient was admitted into the hospital with complaints about the balance disturbance. In the
erect position, a patient, when closing eyes, loses balance and almost falls. What part of brain
may be damaged?
basal nuclei
+cerebellum
thalamus
gyrus precentralis
fornix

Reiter's disease is a simultaneous destruction of eyeballs, urinary tract and joints. The most often
defined by lesion in vascular layer. Which are parts of vascular layer?
Iris, lens, corpus ciliare
Cornea, iris, corpus ciliare
Iris, corpus ciliare, sclera
Corpus vitreum, iris, corpus ciliare
+ Iris, corpus ciliare, choroidea
The patient 34 years old was admitted to the hospital with compression fracture at the level of
the fourth thoracic vertebra. At the level of which spinal cord segment will be disturbance?
ThVII
ThII
+ThV
LI
CVIII

An examination of the patient revealed a lack of vision in medial halves of the visual fields of
both eyes. What part of the optic path more likely is damaged?
+ Chiasma opticus
N. opticus.
Tractus opticus.
Sulcus calcarinus.
Corpus geniculatum laterale

The patient, 22 years old, was admitted to the neurosurgical department after a car accident with
a brain injury. The lesion of the posterior part of the left inferior frontal gyrus was defined. Thus,
the function of which analyzer center is disturbed?
+ Motor center of oral speech
Somatosensory center
Motor center
Motor center of writing speech
Sound analyser

The 49 years old patient has a damage of the white matter of the spinal cord within the posterior
cord and clinic violation of one of the pathways of the spinal cord. From what parts consists the
posterior funiculus of spinal cord?
fasc.spinocerebellaris anteior
fasc. gracilis
fasc. cuneatus
fasc. spinocerebellaris posterior
+ fasc. gracilis and fasc. cuneatus

Patient M., 41 years old, got into an infectious department of the hospital with high fever. He has
been showing meningeal symptoms. A spinal puncture was performed. Which anatomical
formation has been punctured?
+ spatium subarachnoideum
spatium subdurale
spatium epidurale
cavum trigeminale
cisterna cerebellomedullaris posterior

A 75 years old patient was diagnosed with the stroke in an area near the red nucleus. A red
nucleus is an important part of:
pyramidal system
+extrapyramidal system
limbic system
rhinencephalon
medulla
After a craniocerebral injury a patient has lost the ability to recognize shapes of object by touch
(stereognosis). What area of cerebral cortex does normally contain relevant centers?
Inferior parietal lobule
+ Superior parietal lobule
Supramarginal gyrus
Angular gyrus
Postcentral gyrus

A patient suffers from urination delay from urinary bladder. What genital gland is involved in
pathological process?
Vesicula seminalis
Testis
+Prostata
Bulbourethral gland
Epididimis

A patient has sublingual papilla inflammation. From which salivary glands will salivation be
impaired?
Parotid and palatine
Parotid and submandibular
+Sublingual and submandibular
Sublingual and parotid
Sublingual and buccal

Some children have predominantly mouth breathing due to excessive proliferation of lymphoid
tissue. Proliferation of which structures is it due to?
Tonsils
Lingual tonsil.
Tubal tonsils
+Pharyngeal tonsil
Lymph nodes.

Patient with impaired respiratory function must undergo tracheostomy. We should remember that
the isthmus of the thyroid gland is often located at the level of the following cartilaginous rings
of the trachea:
+from II to IV
III
from IV to V
from V to VI
from III to IV

At extirpation of the lateral lobes of thyroid gland great care must be taken to avoid removing the
parathyroid glands, which are situated:
In front of lobes
+Behind the lobes
Laterally from lobes
Medially from lobes
Between the lobes

The pointer tip introduced into space between lig. hepatorenale and lig. hepatoduodenale enters:
Bursa hepatica
+Bursa omentalis
Bursa pregastrica
Superior duodenojejunal recess
Inferior duodenojejunal recess

On patient's examination, a surgeon found injuries of the middle third of the left kidney. The
integrity of which organ should be checked while taking into account syntopy of the left kidney?
+Pancreas
The small intestine
Stomach
Descending colon
Liver

After tooth extraction a doctor saw three roots. Which was that tooth?
Canina of the upper jaw
Premolar of the upper jaw
+Molar of the upper jaw
Premolar of the lower jaw molar
Molar of the lower jaw

Laboratory study of the 56year old patient's blood showed increase in blood sugar. Which
endocrine gland is affected?
Glandula pineale
Glandula supratenalis
Glandula thyroidea
Glandula parathyroidea
+Pancreas

There is a need for bladder catheterization. In which urethral part or structure can resistance
occur?
External urethral opening.
Spongy.
+Membranaceus.
Prostate.
Internal urethral opening.

At patient face the soft tissues swordcut in the area of masseter muscle has occurred. What gland
duct can be damaged?
+Parotid
Lesser sublingual
Greater sublingual
Submandibular
Palatal

Chronic lung disease was complicated be stone release from the kidney. At which level of the
ureter it most likely be stopped?
+At the border of abdominal and pelvic parts
In the place of renal pelvis transition into the ureter
In the abdominal part
2 cm above the confluence of the bladder
5 cm above the pelvic part
The interior of the urinary bladder can be seen with cystoscope that is introduced through urethra.
At what part of urinary bladder may be the trigonum vesicae identified?
Apex
Corpus
+Fundus
Cervix
Radix

In the patient at the time of swallowing particles food getting into the nasal cavity. Which
muscle of the soft palate affected?
+Tensor veli palatine
Glossopharyngeal
Musculus uvulae
Palatoglossus
Palatopharyngeus

To the dentist appealed a woman complaining about loss of taste on the top of the tongue. The
doctor found that due to continuous smoking cigarettes were killed taste buds, which papillae are
damaged?
Conicae
+Fungiformes
Foliatae
Filiformes
Vallatae

During the examination of the patient, a surgeon found hydrocele. Between the leaves of which
testicular membranes can liquid accumulate?
Tunica albuginea
Tunica dartos
External semen
+Serous (vaginal)
Inner semen.

Dentist during tooth extraction destroys cement connections between tooth root and dental
alveolus. What this structure?
+Periodontium
Gingiva
Pulpa dentis
Dentinum
Cementum

To the hospital applied a woman which has a problem with genital organs. Which of the
following structures does derive from ductus paramesonephricus?
+Tuba uterina
Ductus deferens
Ductus epididymidis
Ductus excretorius
Ductus ejaculatorius

Patient has urea retention in the bladder. Pathology of which sexual gland can cause this
condition?
+Prostate
Epididymis
Testicle
Seminal vesicle
Glandula bulbourethralis

We need to operate on a patient with fractured external nose. What does the external nose consist
of?
+Wing, Tip, Back, Root
Base, Tip, Ala, Neck
Back, Root, Dorsum, Body
Back, Tip, Dorsum, Root
Root, Base, Nostrils, Ala

The mother appealed for help to the pediatrician. Sick 14 months girl with fever, crying, taking
toys into the mouth. Which tooth erupt at this age?
+First upper molar
Medial lower incisor
Premolar
Canine
Power second molar

To access the surgical field, it is necessary to determine the cartilage that contains oblique line.
Which cartilage of the larynx has the oblique line?
Cricoids
Cuneiform
+Thyroid
Corniculate
Arytenoid

In order to clarify the diagnosis, a 70year old patient needs palpation of the pelvis through the
anterior wall of the rectum. Which organs can be examined during such palpation?
Vagina, Ovaries
+Uterus, Vagina
Ovaries, Uterus
Fallopian tubes, Vagina
Fallopian tubes, Uterus

On examination of the oral cavity, a dentist found the appearance of a child's first large lower
molar teeth. What is the child's age?
8 or 9 years
4 or 5 years
+6 or 7 years
10 or 11 years
12 or 13 years

A 28year old woman was diagnosed with ectopic pregnancy which was complicated by rupture
of the fallopian tube. In what space of the peritoneum can blood appear?
Intersigmoidal sinus
Vesicouterine
Right mesenteric sinus
Left mesenteric sinus
+Rectouterine
On examination of the child oral cavity dentist identified the emergence of lower first permanent
molar teeth. How old is the child?
8 or 9
4 or 5
+6 or 7
10 or 11
12 or 13

At patient 28yearold is diagnosed acute inflammation of nasolacrimal duct. From what

department of nasal cavity could an infection spread in the nasolacrimal duct?
Superior nasal meatus
Middle nasal meatus
+Inferior nasal meatus
Vestibulum of nasal cavity
Common nasal meatus

In adult, calcium is frequently deposited in the epiphysis cerebri and then serves as a landmark
on an xray investigation of brain. Epiphysis cerebri (pineal body) belongs to:
Mesencephalon
Telencephalon
Myelencephalon
Metencephalon
+Diencephalon

In patient during examination of oral cavity established sharp redness of the mucous membrane
of the tongue root. Determine what formation is involved in the inflammatory process.
Palatine veil
Palatine tonsils
Tubal tonsils
+Lingual tonsil
Pharyngeal tonsil

During the surgery on the removal of the appendix, a doctor found in its wall elements that
belong to the peripheral organs of the immune system. What kinds of elements are these?
Iliac nodes
Single lymphoid nodules
+Clusters of lymphoid nodules
Appendix nodes
Nodi lymphatici paracolici

19 year old boy was diagnosed with the prolapse of the kidney. At which level of the vertebrae
are kidneys usually located?
from 9 to 12 thoracic
from 4 to 5 lumbar
from 12 thoracic to 1 lumbar
from 9 to 10 thoracic
+from 11 thoracic to 3 lumbar

A patient with cheek injury was admitted to hospital. Duct of which salivary gland may be
damaged?
Molar
Submandibular
Sublingual
+Parotid
Buccal

What ligament must be cut by surgeon to separate an ovary from uterus?

Lig. umbilicale mediale
Lig. teres uteri
+Lig.ovarii proprium
Lig. suspensorium ovarii
Lig. umbilicale mediale

Doctor removed the little 5 years old girl tooth which had two roots. What was a tooth?
Premolar of the upper jaw
Premolar of the lower jaw
Canine of the upper jaw
+Molar of the lower jaw
Molar of the upper jaw

A patient was diagnosed with bartholinitis (inflammation of the large vestibule glands) . In which
organ of the genitourinary system are these glands situated?
Vagina
Small lips
Clitoris
+Large lips
Uterus

On examination of the oral cavity, doctor found swelling, redness of the palate between arches.
Which anatomical formation inflamed?
Tonsilla Tubaria
+Tonsilla Palatine
Tonsilla Adenoidea
Tonsilla Pharyngea
Tonsilla Lingualis

A patient came to the doctor with complaints of tremor of the fingers and the whole body, muscle
weakness, palpitations, sleep disorders, weight loss with increased appetite. Symptoms of which
gland's disorder are observed in the patient?
Pituitary
Pancreatic
+Thyroid
Adrenal
Epiphysis

During the gynecological examination a patient was diagnosed with endometritis (inflammation
of the endometrium) . Which part of the uterine wall is affected by inflammation?
Parametrium
Serous membrane
Muscular coat
Adventitia
+Mucosa
Inefficiency of orthodontic treatment of child caused by sustained mouth breathing, because
nasal breathing is difficult. Which of the tonsils are hypertrophied ?
Palate and tubal
Tubal
Lingual
Palate
+Pharyngeal

During the examination of patient doctor found the hypertrophy and inflammation of lymphoid
tissue, swelling of the mucous membrane between arches of the soft palate (acute tonsillitis).
Which tonsils normally contained in this place?
Tonsilla tubaria
Tonsilla pharyngealis
+Tonsilla palatine
Tonsilla lingualis
Tonsilla adenoidea

What part of colon may be damaged at the wound in the left half of abdomen?
Colon ascendens
+Colon descendens
Colon transversum
Rectum
Colon sigmoideum

A patient was admitted to the hospital with acute head pain. Which is not a paranasal sinus?
+Palatine Sinus
Ethmoidal Sinus
Sphenoidal Sinus
Right Maxillary Sinus
Left Maxillary Sinus

A patient was admitted to the hospital with problem in abdomen. The tunica muscularis of which
tubular organs of alimentary canal consists of three layers?
duodenum
esophagus
jejunum
ileum
+stomach

In a patient, liquid food enters the nasal cavity through the upper wall of the mouth due to
damage of the bone formation. Which anatomic formation is damaged?
soft palate
root of the tongue
circular muscle of mouth
pharyngeal opening of the auditory tube (eustachian cushion)
+palate

16year old girl was diagnosed with the dysfunction of the immune system organ which also
belongs to the endocrine system. Choose its name.
lymph nodes
palatine tonsils
spleen
pituitary
+thymus

In patient removed tooth. The crown of the tooth has a rhomboid shape, on the chewing surface
of the four tubercles, it has three roots. Determine which tooth removed.
lower second molar
first lower molar
upper second molar
upper third molar
+upper first molar

A woman was diagnosed with ovarian tumors. She needs operation. Which ligament should a
surgeon cut to separate the uterus from the ovary?
suspensory ligament
lateral umbilical ligament
broad ligament
+ovary ligament
round ligament of the uterus

The man turned to the doctor for a sore throat. An examination of the patient revealed
hypertrophy of lymphoid organ, located in Fosse tonsillaris. What is this organ?
+Tonsilla palatina
Tonsilla pharingea
Tonsilla tubaria
Tonsilla lingualis
Tonsilla adenoidea

During the examination of the oral cavity of the patient decay of the tooth crown is found. The
decay of the tooth crown is addressed to proper oral cavity. What is the name of the tooth crown
surface?
Facies vestibularis
+ Facies lingualis
Facies contactus
Facies mesialis
Facies distalis

A patient has aspermatism. Which organ is affected?

prostate
epididymis
+testicle
prostate gland
seminal vesicles

A patient is performed leftsided pulmonectomy due to lung cancer. A surgeon should recall the
order of the anatomical structures of the right lung root (top down).
veins, bronchus, artery
artery, bronchus, veins
artery, vein, bronchus
vein, artery, bronchus
+bronchus, artery, vein

In the cystoscope field, flat mucosa has no folds. Which part of the bladder is in the field?
top
+cystic triangle
body
neck
bottom

A patient has inflammation of the sphenoid sinus. Where does its aperture open?
Meatus nasi communis
Meatus nasi medius
Meatus nasi inferior
+Recessus sphenoethmoidalis
Infundibulum

During the difficult delivery, pubic symphysis broke. Which organ is likely to be injured?
Rectum
+Bladder
Ovaries
Fallopian tubes
Uterus

During the rightsided lobectomy surgery, a surgeon approached the root of the right lung for the
purpose of separation and processing its components. Specify the order of the elements of the
root of the right lung which the doctor sees in the separation and processing from top to bottom?
Pulmonary artery, bronchus, pulmonary veins
+Bronchus, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein
Pulmonary vein, pulmonary artery, bronchus
Bronchus, pulmonary artery, phrenic nerve
Phrenic nerve, bronchus, bronchial artery and vein

On examination of the oral cavity dentist revealed inflammation of the tissues surrounding the
tooth. What anatomical formation is affected?
+Paradontium
Cementum
Gingiva
Alveola dentalis
Periodont

A 45year old male was hospitalized with a diagnosis of glomerulonephritis. The urine analysis
showed the presence of blood corpuscles. Which part of the nephron was damaged?
+Renal corpuscle
Proximal straight tubule
Distal convoluted tubule
Proximal convoluted tubule
Distal straight tubule

After removing the tooth of the patient, the dentist saw that it has two roots. What is the tooth?
Canine
Upper molar
+Lower molar
Lower premolar
Upper incisor
Patient aged 30 with inflammation of the 2nd upper molar pulp came to a doctor complaining of
headaches and mucus from the nose. After examination he was diagnosed – pulpitis,
complicated with sinusitis. Name the infected sinuse.
sphenoid
+maxillary
ethmoidal
frontal
mastoid cells

A patient was admitted to hospital with some tubular digestive organs injury. The tunica
muscularis of this tubular organs consists of two layers, except:
esophagus
duodenum
+stomach
ileum
jejunum

A 65 year old patient came to the hospital due to urination disorders. The examination revealed
hypertrophy of the prostate. What does the part of the prostate is the possible cause of these
disorders?
Left part
+Isthmus (medium part)
Prostate capsule
Right part
Prostatic duct

At patient is diagnosed a necrotic form of acute pancreatitis. Where the exudate does in the
peritoneal spaces is spread?
+into bursa omentalis
into bursa hepatica
into bursa pregastrica
into right lateral canal
into left lateral canal

A patient was developed acute anuria (lack of urinafter hysterectomy. What anatomical structure
was most likely damaged during the operation?
urethra
+ureter
external sphincter of the urethra
internal sphincter of the urethra
bulbospongiosus muscle

A patient with a tumor of the left main bronchus has complaints difficulties in the passage of
food. Which does the organ may be involved in the malignant process?
Heart
The main bronchi
Retrosternal gland
Trachea
+Esophagus

A 50 years old man was taken to hospital with acute pain in the abdomen. What part of colon
may be damaged at the wound in the right half of abdomen?
+colon ascendens
colon descendens
colon transversum
colon sigmoideum
rectum

Examination of the 27year old male showed increase in the size of hand, foot and lower jaw,
deformity of the joints and spine, hormonal disorders (impotence, testicular atrophy). What gland
is damaged?
+anterior pituitary
adrenal glands
pineal body
thyroid gland
parathyroid glands

At patient, there was an obturative icterus as a result of malignant tumor. Deleting a tumor, a
surgeon takes into account that on the papilla major of duodenum is opened:
+hepatopancreatic ampule
ductus cysticus
common hepatic duct
left hepatic duct
right hepatic duct

A patient has Recklinghausen's disease which occurs in case of the parathyroid glands
hyperfunction. The examination revealed kidney stones, chest limbs, bone distortion, missing
teeth, spontaneous fractures often occur. The increased amount of which hormone was detected
in the plasma of the patient?
Triiodothyronine
+Parathyrin
Calcitonin
Tetraiodothyronine
Thyrotropin.

At the oral cavity examination it was found hypoglossal papilla increasing to the right of the
tongue frenulum. Specify glands whose excretory function is affected.
sublingual and parotid
thyroid and parathyroid
+submandibular and sublingual
parotid and thyroid
parotid and submandibular

A patient was admitted to the hospital with problem in abdomen. The double layer of peritoneum
that supports the intestinal tract is called:
visceral peritoneum
+mesentery
greater omentum
lesser omentum
excavation

18year old man came to a sexologist. On analyzing complaints and after examining the young
man, the doctor diagnosed abnormal ejaculation in the output phase (accumulation of secretions
in the prostate of the male urethra). What is a name of the duct through which the secret goes
(sperm and seminal fluid) to the male urethra?
+Ductus ejaculatorius
Ductus excretorius
Ductus deferens
Ductus epididymidis
Ductuli prostatici

A patient is developed a tumor in the bottom of the bladder. What organ can be damaged based
on syntopy of the bladder?
rectum
spermatic cord
+prostate
ampulla of the deferent duct
seminal vesicles

The pneumonia was complicated by the exudative pleurisy. Choose the structure where fluid
usually colected?
sinus obliquus pericardii
sinus phrenicomediastinalis pleurae
sinus transversus pericardii
+sinus costodiaphragmaticus pleurae
sinus costomediastinalis pleurae

On cystoscopy under normal conditions, bladder mucosa forms folds except one triangular area
where the mucosa is smooth. Where is the triangular area situated?
Bladder neck
Top bladder
Body of the bladder
Isthmus of the bladder
+Bottom of the bladder

During a surgery for femoral hernia a surgeon operates within the boundaries of femoral trigone.
What is the structure makes up its upper margin?
Lig. lacunare
Fascia lata
Lig. pectinal
Arcus iliopectineus
+Lig. inguinale

A 35 years old patient has been delivered into the surgical ward with a suppurating wound in the
neck, anterior to trachea (previsceral space). If a surgical operation is not performed urgently,
there is a risk of infection spreading to:
Thoracic cavity posterior mediastinum
Retrovisceral space
+Thoracic cavityanterior mediastinum
Interaponeuritic suprasternal space
Thoracic cavity and middle mediastinum

Patient after injury observed decrease pain and temperature sensitivity in the region of 1.5 on the
palmar surface of the fingers and toes of 2.5 on the dorsum of the part of the little finger. Which
nerve is damaged due to injury?
 N. medianus
N. radialis
+ N. ulnaris
N. musculocutaneus
N. cutaneus antebrachii medialis

Patient on one side of the face to lift the eyebrow, close the eyes completely, to bare his teeth.
What nerve is affected?
maxillary
optic
+facial nerve
mandibular
oculomotor

. Upon examination, the patient was installed defeat the dorsal part of the pons, disturbed chewing
function. The nucleus of which nerve is affected?
The nucleus of hypoglossal nerve
Motor nucleus of the facial nerve
Pontine nucleus of trigeminal nerve
+ Motor nucleus of trigeminal nerve
Ambiquus nucleus of the vagus nerve

. A patient after the fracture of the upper third of the humerus developed paralysis of the muscles
of the back shoulder and forearm. Which nerve is damaged?
N. ulnaris
+ N. radialis
N. medianus
N. musculocutaneus
N. cutaneus antebrachii medialis

. A physician carries out auscultation of one of the valves of the heart, placing the membrane of
stethoscope on the area of the second intercostals space on the right. Of which of the following
valves does the research take place?
right atrioventricular
+ aortal
of pulmonary trunk
left atrioventricular
tricuspid

. After suffering colds in a patient appeared numbness in the area of the right half of the face. The
examination revealed violations pain and temperature sensitivity of the right half of the face.
Which nerve is damaged?
Hypoglossal
Facial
Glossopharyngeal
Vagus
+ Trigeminal
. In a patient, after traumatic damage a skin sensation at the anterior surface of the thigh was lost.
Branches of which nerve were injured?
Genitofemoral nerve
Obturator nerve
Sciatic nerve
 Ilioinguinal nerve
+ Femoral nerve

. During an inspection of the patient on the medial surface of the thigh observed swelling,
enlargement of veins and formation of nodes. From which veins observed pathology?
V.iliaca externa
V.saphena parva
V.femoralis
V.poplitea
+V.saphena magna

. The patient complains into a pain in the area of the diaphragm during breathing, which appeared
after a slight chest injury. What nerve is affected?
Supraclavicular nerves
intercostal nerves
+phrenic nerve
suprascapular nerve
transverse nerve of neck

. The girl complains on difficulty of extension fingers and hands, loss of sensitivity of the skin of
posterior surface of the shoulder, forearm and I-III fingers. Which nerve affected?
N. musculocutaneus
N. ulnaris
N. medianus
+ N. radialis
N. cutaneus antebrachii medialis

. A patient 63-year-old was admitted to hospital with the esophageal bleeding. At the inspection
were exposed cirrhotic changes in liver and worsening of blood flow in the system of vena porta.
What vein in norm does carry out the blood from the system of vena porta to the system of
superior vena cava through the veins of the esophagus? v.paraumbilicalis
v.gastrica dextra
v.lienalis
+v.gastrica sinistra
v.epigastrica inferior

. Patient M., aged 43, has addressed to the neuropathologist with the complaints of shortness of
breath and pain in the chest, difficulty of a movement cough, hiccups. What nerves are affected?
intercostals
internal
vagus
sympathetic trunk
+ diaphragmatic

. When swallowing food the patient noted the difficulty that is associated with paralysis of the soft
palate. What nerve is damaged?
II branch of the trigeminal nerve
facial nerve
I branch of the trigeminal nerve
+ III branch of the trigeminal nerve
hypoglossal nerve
. A patient 45-year-old was turned to the clinic with complaints of loss of sensation in the area of
the back 1/3 of the tongue. The function which pairs of cranial nerves broken?
Х
+ІХ
VIII
V
XII

. In a patient atrophy of the posterior group of the muscles of the shin. What nerve affected?
. + Tibial nerve
Superficial peroneal nerve
Deep peroneal nerve
Femoral nerve
obturator nerve

. A physician carries out auscultation of one of the valves of the heart, placing the membrane of
stethoscope on the area of the apex of the heart. Of which of the following valves does the
research take place?
+bicuspid
right atrioventricular
aortal
of pulmonary trunk
tricuspid

. After the injured soft tissues of the oral cavity, the patient lost taste sensitivity of the posterior
third of the tongue. What nerve is affected?
N. facialis
+ N. glossopharyngeus
N. hypoglossus
N. lingualis
Сhorda tympani

. In a patient, difficulty tight closing jaws chewing. Physician defined partial atrophy of
masticatory muscles located below zygomatic arc. The branches of which these nerves innervate
listed muscles?
N. infraorbitalis
N. maxillaries
N. alveolaris inferior
Nn. alveolares superiors
+ N. mandibularis

. A patient 50-year-old with complains about pain, a weakness and cyanosis of the upper extremity.
Inspection reveals a swelling in the supraclavicular pit, hypertrophy of anterior scalenus muscle,
that compresses the neurovascular fascicle. In what topographical space is a large artery
compressed?
previsceral
suprasternal
antescalenum
retrovisceral
+interscalenum
. The patient appealed to the dentist complaining of a dry area under the tongue right. The doctor
found that the strangulated chorda tympani at its output to the right infratemporal fossa through
fissure.
Petroocipitalis
Tympanomastoidea
Petrosguamosa
Sphenopetrosa
+ Petrotympanica

. The patient 18 years old turned to the neurologist with complaints about the inability to stand on
the sock. During an inspection of was found atrophy of the gastrocnemius muscle, impaired skin
sensitivity in the soles. Functions of which nerve were disturbed?
N. cutaneus femoris lateralis
N. fibularis
N. femoralis
+ N. tibialis
N. Saphenus

. A patient after fracture of radius developed traumatic neuritis, which has steady swelling of
hand, limitation of movement in the fingers (bending), paresthesia, increased sweating. A defeat
of which nerve is observed in this condition?
radial nerve
ulnar nerve
+ median nerve
axillary nerve
interosseus nerve

. Patient 30 years old has appealed to the neurologist with a complaint about the disturbance of
skin sensitivity on the back surface of the right leg in middle and lower its third. Of what nerve
will the damage be set by physician?
tibialis
saphenus
+ suralis
cutaneus femoris posterior
femoralis

. An examination of the patient revealed ptosis divergent strabismus, mydriasis, limited mobility
of the eyeball. What nerve is damaged?
N.trochlearis
N.abduceus
N.opticus
+ N.oculomotorius
N.ophthalmicus
. The patient appealed to the doctor with a complaint of difficulty in chewing. At inspection
detected right temporal atrophy and chewing muscles. When you open your mouth jaw deviates
to the left. What a nerve is affected?
Facial
inferior alveolar
+ Motor portion of the mandibular
maxillary
Mylohyoid
. In intra cerebral hemorrhage in a patient became slurred speech. The sound production of the
larynx and movements of the mandible are preserved. Whose nerves nuclei affected in
hemorrhage?
Nuclei n. glossopharyngeus
Nuclei n. vagi
Nuclei n. accessorii
Nuclei n. facialis
+ Nuclei n. Hypoglossi

. In the patient, there was diagnosed the widespread infarct of a myocardium of the posterior wall
of the right ventricle. Of what artery are branches thus involved?
left subclavian
+right coronary
left coronary
right subclavian
common carotid

. Patient impaired vision in the lateral halves of the visual fields of both eyes (bitemporal
hemianopsia). What nerve structure is broken?
The left optic tract
+ Optic chiasm
Right optic tract
retina
optic nerve

. In a patient, observed tearing, increased salivation. This condition, combined with other
symptoms of irritation is regarded as one of the fibers of cranial nerves. What is it and what
nerve fibers?
+ parasympathetic fibers of the facial nerve
parasympathetic fibers of the oculomotor nerve
somatic motor fibers of the oculomotor nerve
parasympathetic fibers of the vagus nerve
somatic motor fibers of the facial nerve

. Developmentally the arc of aorta is homologous to:

left carotid artery
left subclavian artery
truncus brachiocephalicus
right carotid artery
+ right subclavian artery

. In a patient after surgery reduced the sensitivity of the anterior and lateral surface of the skin of
the neck. What nerve provides the sensitivity of this area of the neck?
Nn. Supraclaviculares
N. Auricularis magnus
+N. transversus colli
N. occipitalis minos
N. phrenicus

. A physician carries out auscultation of one of the valves of the heart, placing the membrane of
stethoscope on the area of the second intercostals space on the left. Of which of the following
valves does the research take place?
 right atrioventricular
+of pulmonary trunk
aortal
left atrioventricular
tricuspid

. The patient 36 years old examined by a neurologist was discovered with a loss of skin
sensitivity and pain in the superciliary region of the forehead, cheeks and chin on the right. The
function of which nerve is disturbed?
N. abducens
N. facialis
N. oculomotorius
N. trochlearis
+ N. trigeminus

. At inspection, a patient with knife wounds right hand found the loss of sensitivity of the skin of
the lateral half of the dorsum of the hand and the proximal phalanges of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd part
of the fingers. Which nerve is damaged?
N. ulnaris
N. medianus
+ N. radialis
N. musculocutaneus
N. cutaneus antebrachii medialis

. In a patient, is no sensitivity in the front triangle of the neck. What nerve of the cervical plexus is
damaged?
minor occipital
major auricular
+ transverse cervical
supraclavicular
cervical loop

. The patient complains of a violation of the sensitivity of the skin in the medial dorsal and palmar
surface of the hand. Which nerve is damaged?
N. cutaneus antebrachii medialis
N. radialis
N. medianus
N. musculocutaneus
+ N. ulnaris

. To the emergency room appealed a patient with the broken bones of the hand with strong
bleeding in the area of the anatomical snuffbox. Which vessel is damaged?
a.brachialis
a.profunda brachii
a. ulnaris
+ a.radialis
a. axillaries

. At a man 40-year-old the lymphography of organs of the thoracic cavity was carried out, and it
was set, that a tumor has damaged an organ, lymphatic vessels of which directly enter the ductus
thoracicus. Which is this organ?
liver
 trachea
heart
pericardium
+esophagus

. At a patient, there was a trauma of elbow with tearing off of medial epicondyle of the humerus.
Define, what nerve might be damaged?
radialis
axilaris
+ ulnaris
medianus
musculocutaneus

. A man 40 years after maxillofacial trauma disrupted the function of the sublingual and
submandibular gland from the left. Saliva from these glands secreted a little. The function of
which nerve is broken?
XI
VI
Х
XIІ
+ VII

. In the neurosurgical department entered 54-year-old man complaining of the lack of sensitivity
of the skin of the lower eyelid, the lateral surface of the outer nose and upper lip. The doctor at
the review sets the inflammation of the second branch of the trigeminal nerve. Through which
opening of the skull comes out of this branch?
foramen lacerum
+ foramen rotundum
foramen ovale
foramen spinosum
superior orbital fissure

. In patients with aneurysm of the right subclavian artery observed hoarseness of voice. With
which nerve irritation it can be connected?
+ N. laringeus reccurens dexter
N.laringeus superior dexter
N.laringeus reccurens sinister
N.laringeus superior sinister
N. laringeus inferior sinister

. A woman 35 years old appealed to the doctor with complaints that after the operation of removal
of the thyroid gland it is observed disorders of slurring of speech and hoarseness. The damage of
which nerve during surgery could cause this phenomenon?
hypoglossal nerve
superior laryngeal nerve
+recurrent laryngeal nerve
lingual nerve
mandibular nerve

. The patient appealed to the doctor complaining of increased pain sensitivity of the skin of auricle
and ear canal. Palpation behind the sternocleidomastoid muscle hurt. Irritation of the which
nerves can give the clinical picture?
 N. Supraclaviculares
N. transversus colli
N. occipitalis minor
+ N. auricularis magnus
N. vagus

. A patient has an inflammatory purulent process of a skin of the first interdigital space of foot.
What lymph nodes are regional for indicated area and react by pain and swelling?
Deep inguinal
+ Superficial inguinal
Internal iliac
Superficial iliac
Common iliac

. In a patient diagnosed with a fracture in the middle third of the humerus with damage of radial
nerve. Which artery is most likely to be damaged?
Anterior humeral circumflex artery
+ Deep artery of the arm
Posterior humeral circumflex artery
Superior lateral ulnar artery
Inferior ulnar collateral artery

. In a patient with infectious parotitis observed paralysis of facial muscles, the omission of the
right corner of his mouth. What complications can occur this?
Right-side neuritis of the oculomotor nerve
Left-sided neuritis of facial nerve
Right-sided neuritis of the trigeminal nerve
Left-sided neuritis of the trigeminal nerve
+ Right-sided neuritis of facial nerve

. In a patient, omitted right shoulder, right scapula its lower angle assigned from spine outside and
up. Damage of which nerve causes this clinical picture?
Radial right
Subscapular right
Axillary right
+ Accesorius right
Suprascapular right

. Sick woman 62 years old addressed to the doctor with complaints of pain in the hip joint during
movement, and pain in the muscles of the medial surface of the thigh. Damage of which nerve
could cause this?
femoral nerve
+ obturator nerve
Sciatic nerve
Ilioinguinal nerve
Genitofemoral nerve

. In patient, extension at hip joint is impaired, as is flexion at knee joint, and all foot and ankle
movements are lost. Which of the following nerves is damaged?
femoral
tibial
obturatorius
 + sciatic
common fibular

. The neurologist found that the patient lost sensitivity of the foot and the lateral surface of the V-
finger. Which of these nerve innervates this area of the foot? These are:
N. cutaneus surae lateralis
N. Saphenus
N. fibularis (peroneus) superficialis
N. fibularis (peroneus) profundus
+ N. suralis

. The patient appealed to the doctor with a complaint of difficulty in chewing. The examination
revealed atrophy of the right temporal and masseter muscles. When opening the mouth, the jaw
deviates to the left. What nerve is affected?
Facial
+ The motor part of mandibular
Inferior alveolar
Maxillary
Mylohyoid

. A patient has tissue ischemia down to knee joint, accompanying with “intermittent claudation”.
What artery is occluded in this case?
External iliac
+ popliteal
Fibular.
Deep artery of the thigh.
Descending genu

. In a patient 45 years old on the right foot observed paleness of skin leg and foot and there is a
lack artery pulsation dorsal foot and posterior tibial arteries. The ripple of the femoral artery is
preserved. About lesion of which artery is evidenced by?
deep artery of the thigh
external iliac
fibular
+ popliteal
A. descending genu

. After the operation, the patient has reduced sensitivity of the anterior and lateral surface of the
neck. What nerve ensures the sensitivity of this area of the neck?
N. occipitalis minos
N. auricularis magnus
N. Supraclaviculares
+ N. transversus colli
N. Phrenicus

. A patient diagnosed lesions of the third branch of the trigeminal nerve. Through which opening
of the skull comes out of this branch?
superior orbital fissure
foramen lacerum
foramen rotundum
foramen spinosum
+ foramen ovale
. To the dentist asked the patient complaining of the distorted face and asymmetry of face. The
doctor saw that on the left half of the face eyebrow is below, on the forehead has no creases,
eyelid narrow, the eyeball protrudes forward. What nerve is affected?
I pair
+ VII pair
V pair
VI pair
IV pair

. A nurse injected a medication into the muscles of the back surface of the shoulder. Suddenly the
patient felt pain in the muscles of the shoulder, which was distributed into the back surface of the
forearm. Which nerve was damaged when administered drugs?
axillary nerve
ulnar nerve
median nerve
+ radial nerve
musculocutaneous nerve

. Under certain complaints the patient 70 years old, the doctor decided to explore pulse on foot.
Which artery is best to do this?
A . tibialis posterior
+A. dorsalis pedis
A. tibialis anterior
A. plantaris medialis
A. plantaris lateralis

. At a patient, there is a disturbance of skin sensitivity at medial surface of the forearm. What
nerve is damaged?
medial cutaneous nerve of arm
+ medial cutaneous nerve of forearm
radial nerve
ulnar nerve
axillary nerve

. Effects of the trauma of patient 44 years old were the rupture of tendons of the muscles of the
left palm, superficial blood vessels. After surgery and removal of most of the necrotic altered
muscle tissue, blood flow was restored. By which vessels?
Aa. perforantes
Arcus palmaris superficialis
Aa. digitales palmares communes
Aa. metacarpeae palmares
+ Arcus palmaris profundus

. In a patient, the ischemic osteochondropathy of the head of the femur is diagnosed. What artery
is staggered?
a.femoralis
a. profunda femoris
+ a.obturatoria
a.iliaca externa
a.fibularis
. During the examination of young man with the knife wound of external surface of knee below of
head of fibula it is exposed: a foot hangs down, fingers are flexed, the dorsal flexion is
impossible, patient steps at first by the tips of fingers, then by the external edge of foot I then by
sole; a sensitivity on the lateral surface of leg and foot is disturbed. What nerve is damaged?
tibialis
+ peroneus communis
femoralis
peroneus superficialis
peroneus profundus

. In patient noted a sharp pain in the face skin. What nerve affected?
facial
oculomotor
. +trigeminal
vagus
glossopharyngeal

. In wounded man bandaged the brachial artery in the lower third of the shoulder. Which arteries
can restore blood flow to the forearm and hand?
thoracoacromial artery, posterior humeral circumflex artery
muscular branches of the brachial artery
anterior and posterior humeral circumflex arteries
subscapular artery, anterior interosseous artery
+ deep artery of arm, ulnar collateral arteries

. The dentist found that the patient of 23 years complains of a large amount of saliva. Stimulation
of which the autonomic node causes the formation of large amounts of serous saliva?
Ganglion pterygopalatinum
+ganglion oticum
Ganglion ciliare
Ganglion submandibulare
Ganglion sublinguale

. In a patient is observed characteristic changes of gait, so-called "duck" gait, while walking the
patient sways sideways. Also, cannot adducted the hips. Lesions which is a nerve?
tibial nerve
femoral nerve
+ superior gluteal nerve
obturator nerve
inferior gluteal nerve

. The patient 62 years old appealed to the doctor complaining of a sharp pain in the skin of the
back of the thigh to the popliteal fossa. Damage of which of nerve could cause this?
inferior gluteal nerve
femoral nerve
lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh
superior gluteal nerve
+ posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh

. The patient came to the clinic with a wound in the area of the neck. At inspection found damaged
nerve, located in front of the anterior scaleni muscle. Which nerve is damaged?
Vagus
 + diaphragmatic
Glossopharyngeal
hypoglossus
cervical sympathetic trunk

. In a men 40 years old after the maxillofacial trauma, disturbed the function of sublingual and
submandibular glands on the left. Saliva from these glands secreted a little. The function of
which nerve is disturbed?
XII pair
VI pair
X pair
+ VII pair
XI pair

. A patient 30 years with cutting wound of forearms disorders of extension fingers. This shows
the damage:
N. musculocutaneus
N. ulnaris
N. medianus
+N. radialis
N. cutaneus antebrachii medialis

. With the opening of deep abscess of cheeks, a vertical incision was made, after which there is
paresis (dysfunction) of the muscles on the side of the operation. The branches which were cut
nerve?
Mandibular
Maxillary
+ Facial
Vagus
Trigeminal

. When a patient ultrasound revealed an aneurysm in the region of the aortic arch, which led to a
change in the voice function of the larynx. Which of the following nerves is damaged?
diaphragmatic
. + recurrent laryngeal
superior laryngeal
mandibular
sublingual

. At a child, there is suspected the stenosis of the mitral valve. At what point is its auscultation
performed?
basis of xyphoid process
+ point of cardiac beat
second intercostal space near the right margin of sternum
second intercostal space near the left margin of sternum
fifth intercostal space near the right margin of sternum

. At patient 56-year-old, suffering on chronic hepatitis, at the inspection the rise was exposed of
pressure in the system of vena porta. The considerable expansion is determined of the
subcutaneous venous net near the navel. What veins provides the outflow of blood from the
system of vena porta into this net in norm?
v.gastrica sinistra
 v.epigastrica superior
+vv.paraumbilicales
v.epigastrica inferior
v.lienalis

. Entrapment of this sensory nerve may present clinical signs of paresthesia (numbness) extending
from the medial aspect of the knee as far as the medial aspect of the foot:
tibial nerve.
+saphenous nerve.
common peroneal nerve
sural nerve.
cutaneus surae medialis

. After injection into the upper outer quadrant of the gluteal area in a patient appeared pain in the
hip abduction. What nerve is damaged needle when injected in the gluteal area?
Pudendal nerve
Internal obturator nerve
Inferior gluteal nerve
+Superior gluteal nerve
Sciatic nerve
. A physician carries out auscultation of one of the valves of the heart, placing the membrane of
stetoscope on the area of the basis of sternal xyphoid process. Of which of the following valves
does the research take place?
of pulmonary trunk
+right atrioventricular
aortal
left atrioventricular
bicuspid

. As a result of trauma patients injured abducens nerve. Which symptoms are observed?
Paralysis of the medial rectus muscle of the eyeball
+Paralysis of the lateral rectus muscle of the eyeball
Persistent mydriasis
Disorder of accommodation
tearing disorders

. A physician carries out auscultation of one of the valves of the heart, placing the membrane of
stetoscope on the area of the basis of sternal xyphoid process. Of which of the following valves
does the research take place?
left atrioventricular
of pulmonary trunk
aortal
+ tricuspid
Bicuspid

. As a result of head injuries, localized a hematoma in the middle cranial fossa on the left. As a
result, on the affected side dilation of the pupil. What nerve is affected?
N.opticus
N.abduceus
+N.oculomotorius
N.trochlearis
N.trigeminus
. The patient disrupt the masticatory muscles. What nerve is damaged?
lingual nerve
+mandibular nerve
auriculo-temporal nerve
buccal nerve
maxillary nerve

. For confirmation of diagnosis “myocardial ischemia” in a patient was executed coronarography

(inspection of circulation in the coronary arteries of the heart). A physician must know that the
left coronary artery is distributed into branches:
ramus interventricularis posterior and ramus descendens
ramus interventricularis anterior and ramus ascendens
+ ramus interventricularis anterior and ramus circumphlexus
ramus interventricularis anterior and ramus interventricularis posterior
ramus interventricularis anterior and ramus descendens

. A man 62-year-old has appealed to proctologist with complaints about the bloody discharges
from the rectum. The inspection showed a presence of the tumor and necessity of operation. By
branches of what arterial vessels is rectum supplied?
a.mesenterica inferior and a.iliaca externa
+a.mesenterica inferior and a.iliaca interna
a.mesenterica superior and a.mesenterica inferior
a.iliaca interna and a.iliaca externa
a.mesenterica superior and a.iliaca interna

. The patient complains of pain in the gums of the teeth of the upper jaw. About which the nerve
inflammation is talking about?
accesorius
III branch of V pair
I branch of V pair
hypolossus
+II branch of V pair

. A patient G. has an inflammatory purulent process of a skin of the first interdigital space of foot.
What lymph nodes are regional for indicated area?
Common iliac
Deep inguinal
+Superficial inguinal
Superficial iliac
Internal iliac

. On examination, a patient has atrophy of the sternocleidomastoid and the upper edge of the
trapezius muscles. Difficult to turn heads in the opposite direction. What nerve is affected?
Hypoglossus
Vagus
Intercostal
Brachial plexus
+Accessorius
. Into the clinic, a patient was admitted with diagnosis “sinus tahicardia” (150 heart beats per
minute). How known, such pathology arises up at the increased excitability of sinuatrial node,
which is located:
within interventricular septum
in wall of left atrium
+in wall of right atrium
within interatrial septum
in wall of coronary sinus

. To the neurologist asked patient N.52 years old with complaints of loss of skin sensitivity right
half of the face in the area of the lower eyelids, back of the nose and upper lip. Indicate which
branch of which nerve is damaged?
mandibular nerve of the trigeminal nerve
greater petrosal nerve of facial nerve
ophthalmic nerve of the trigeminal nerve
+maxillary nerve of the trigeminal nerve
chorda tympani of the facial nerve

. The patient who entered the neurological department, the examination revealed deviations in the
protrusion of the tongue aside, half tongue atrophy, speech disorders, difficulty swallowing.
What nerve is damaged?
lingual
+hypoglossal
chorda tympani
glossopharyngeal
vagus

. After traumatic damage of the forearm, a patient cannot extend the hand at the wrist (wrist drop).
Which of the following nerves is injured?
median nerve
ulnar nerve
+ radial nerve
axillary nerve
musculocutaneous nerve

. In a traffic accident in the victim is damaged lower limb, at the level of the upper third of the
tibia. After on the injured limb was an impossible rear extension of the foot. What nerve is
damaged?
Tibial nerve
Superficial peroneal nerve
+ Deep peroneal nerve
Femoral nerve
Common peroneal nerve

. In a patient, absent sensitivity of the skin of the little finger. What nerve hurt?
median
radial
+ ulnar
musculocutaneous
medial cutaneous of forearm
. The patient is disturbed the motor function of the tongue. With pathology of which nerve it is
connected?
Facial
Vagus
Glossopharyngeal
+Hypoglossus
Accessorius

. A patient has limitations in bending the elbow, lower the tone the biceps and loss of skin
sensitivity to the anterior-lateral forearm. The function of the nerve is damaged?
N. medianus
N. axillaris
+N. musculocutaneus
N. ulnaris
N. Radialis

. In a patient, vasodilatation occurred on the front medial surface of the tibia. Extension of which
vessel caused this condition?
А. tibialis anterior
V. saphena parva
А. tibialis posterior
+V. saphena magna
V. poplitea

. The patient after an injury left shin lost the ability to hold the foot in pronation position. Which
nerve is damaged?
Tibial nerve
Deep peroneal nerve
+Superficial peroneal nerve
Sciatic nerve
Common peroneal nerve

. After stab wound of left palm, a 44-year-old patient had a laceration of tendons and injury of
superficial blood vessels. After operation and removal of necrotic tissues, the blood circulation
was normalized. What vessels did help in the restoration of blood supply?
Arcus palmaris superficialis
Aa. digitales palmares communes
Aa. metacarpeae palmares
+Arcus palmaris profundus
Aa. metacarpeae dorsalis

. Patient appealed to the doctor with complaints about the impossibility of abduction of his right
hand after the earlier trauma. In surveys, passive movements are not restricted. Revealed atrophy
of the deltoid muscle. Which nerve is damaged?
median nerve
ulnar nerve
+axillary nerve
Radial nerve
suprascapular nerve

. At inspection in a patient found defeat in the dorsal part of the pons, impaired chewing function.
The nucleus of which nerve is affected?
 Motor nucleus of the facial nerve
+ Motor nucleus of trigeminal nerve
Principal trigeminal nucleus
Nucleus of the hypoglossal nerve
Ambiquus nucleus of the vagus nerve

. In affected in car crash found a broken spinous processes and arch of XI thoracic vertebra.
Which segments of the spinal cord damaged?
Coccygeal
Thoracic
Sacral
+Lumbar
Cervical

. The patient underwent Subtotal subfascial resection of the thyroid gland. In the postoperative
period lasting hoarseness. What nerve is damaged during surgery?
superior laryngeal nerve
+recurrent laryngeal nerve
hypoglossal nerve
lingual nerve
mandibular nerve

. The patient went to a neurologist who diagnosed a lesion of the facial nerve. Which of the
following cranial nerves does not contain parasympathetic fibers?
III
+XII
VII
X
IX

. The man 65 years old complains of numbness of the skin of the medial surface of the of the shin
and the medial margin of the foot. A defeat of which nerve can cause this?
Superficial peroneal nerve
+Subcutaneous nerve
Deep peroneal nerve
Tibial nerve
obturator nerve

. In a men 40 years old as a blow to the head appeared disorders hearing impairment and paresis
of facial muscles. The doctor diagnosed him with a hematoma of the cerebellopontine angle.
What nerves when it is damaged?
V, VI, pairs of cranial nerves
VIII, IX pairs of cranial nerves
+VII, VIII pairs of cranial nerves
IX, X, pairs of cranial nerves
XI, XII pair of cranial nerves

. The patient can not straighten a shin, absent skin sensitivity on the front of the thigh. A
neurological inspection revealed the nerve damage. Which?
obturator nerve
+femoral nerve
Sciatic nerve
 superior gluteal nerve
inferior gluteal nerve

. A patient 40 years old appealed to the doctor complaining that the skin on the medial surface of
the right legs less sensitive and colder than on the left leg. At inspection found damaged:
tibial nerve
+saphenous nerve
common peroneal nerve
sural nerve
superficial branch of the peroneal nerve

. To the doctor appealed a patient with the сuted wound on the anterior aspect of the arm and
arterial bleeding. Which artery was most probably injured?
a.subscapularis
+a.brachialis
a.radialis
a.axillaries
aa. metacarpeae dorsalis

. The worker with sword cut on the anterior aspect of the arm and arterial bleeding has appealed to
the physician. Which artery was most probably injured?
a.subscapularis
a.radialis
+a.brachialis
a.axillaries
aa. metacarpeae dorsalis

. A woman 40 years old appealed to the doctor with complaints about the inability to unbend the
foot and toes, which creates difficulties in walking. OBJECTIVE: foot hanging, facing slightly
inward, her fingers bent ("horse's foot"), sensitivity is lost on the outside surface of the leg and
dorsal surface of the foot. Which nerve is affected?
subcutaneous nerve
tibial nerve
sciatic nerve
femoral nerve
+ common peroneal nerve

. The patient 36 years old when examined by a neurologist was diagnosed with loss of skin
sensitivity and pain in the superciliary region of the forehead, cheekbones and chin on the right.
The function of which nerve is disturbed?
N. facialis
N. oculomotorius
+N. trigeminus
N. trochlearis
N. abducens

. At an inflammation of deep lymph node of axillary area surgeon was forced to reveal deeply
located abscess. However, after surgery in a patient arose complication: have lost the ability to
bend the elbow and deteriorated skin sensitivity anterior-lateral forearm. Injury of which nerve of
brachial plexus took place during surgery?
N. ulnaris
+N. musculocutaneus
 N. medianus
N. radialis
N. cutaneus antebrachii medialis

. At the prophylactic inspection at school, in pupil was revealed a harsh systolic murmur in second
intercostal space. At the detailed inspection, the persistence of arterial duct of Botallo was
diagnosed, which connects:
right atrium with vena cava superior
aorta with vena cava inferior
aorta with vena cava superior
right atrium with left atrium
+aorta with truncus pulmonalis

. As a result of the dislocation of the mandible, in the patient has no sense of taste front of the
tongue and tearing. Which nerve causes this?
tympanic
hypoglossus
mandibular
vagus
+Facial

. At the inspection of blood supply of foot, a physician feels a pulsation of a large artery, which
passes behind malleolus medialis in the separate fibrous channel. Which artery is this?
a.fibularis
+a.tibialis posterior
a.tarsea medialis
a.tibialis anterior
a.tarsea lateralis

. After suffering encephalitis, the patient has residual effects in the form of lesion of facial nerve
on the left. Violation of innervation of which muscles will then be expressed: A. subcutaneous
neck muscles
masticatory muscles
+facial muscles
middle neck muscles
deep neck muscles

. When checking pupillary reflex in a patient observed slow reaction to light left eye .The function
of which nucleus is broken?
Nucleus of the of the trochlear nerve
+Accesory nucleus of the oculomotor nerve
Nucleus of the abducent nerve
Nuclei superior colliculi
Nucleus of the of the oculomotor nerve

. In a patient, diagnosed pneumonia. Lungs receive an arterial blood through:

pulmonary arteries
branches of internal thoracic arteries
+bronchial branches of thoracic aorta
branches of truncus brachiocephalicus
branches of subclavian artery
. At a patient, there is a disturbance of the skin sensitivity at the lateral surface of the forearm.
What nerve is damaged?
medianus
+musculocutaneus
radialis
axilaris
ulnaris

. The patient complains of dizziness of the head and hearing loss.Which nerve is damaged?
N.trigeminus
N. hypoglossus
+N.vestibulocochlearis
N.trochlearis
Vagus

. The patient feel pain in the region of the root of tongue, throat, tonsils, upper part of the pharynx,
the ear, lost the taste in the posterior third of the tongue. The damage of which nerve caused
these violations?
Chorda tympani
Vagus
Lingual
+Glossopharyngeal
Greater petrosal

. In a patient, observed decrease of tactile and taste sensation of mucosa posterior third of the back
of the tongue. Which nerve is damaged?
hypoglossus
the third branch of the trigeminal nerve
facial
+glossopharyngeal
the second branch of the trigeminal nerve

. During the accident, a man 40 years old was injured in the lower part cervical spine, after
occurred paralysis of the muscles on the back of the shoulder and forearm. Which nerve was
injured in it?
median nerve
ulnar nerve
+radial nerve
axillary nerve
musculocutaneous nerve

. A patient suffers from pain and edema in lower extremities. At the inspection on the medial
surface of the thigh, an edema is marked, expansion of veins with varicosis. Pathology of what
vein does take place?
v.basilica
v.saphena parva
v.cephalica
+v.saphena magna
v.femoralis

. The doctor found in the patient rupture of anterior crucial ligament of the knee joint. What artery
divides in crossed ligaments? These are:
 A. descendens genus
A. superior medialis genus
A. superior lateralis genus
+A. media genus
A. inferior medialis genus

. The dentist found that the patient of 23 years complains of a large amount of saliva. Stimulation
of which autonomic node causes the formation of large amounts of serous saliva?
Ganglion pterygopalatinum
+Ganglion oticum
Ganglion ciliare
Ganglion submandibulare
Ganglion sublinguale

. The patient does not feel the a touch to the skin in the medial surface of the shoulder to the
elbow after injury. Inflammation of which of the nerve is observed in the patient?
A.ulnar nerve
medial cutaneous nerve of forearm
radial nerve
+medial cutaneous nerve of arm
axillary nerve

. As a result of cranial trauma, with damage to the upper wall of the right eye socket victim lost
the opportunity to raise the upper eyelid of the right eye and look up. What nerve likely was
damaged?
A. N. trochlearis
B. R. inferior n.oculumotorius
+R. superior n.oculumotorius
D. N. abducens
E. N. ophthalmicus

. At the inspection of the heart in patient with myocardial ischemia, a physician has marked a
worsening of the blood flow in the vein, which passes in sulcus interventricularis anterior of
heart. This vein is:
vena obliqua atrii sinistri
vena cordis media
vena cordis parva
+vena cordis magna
venae cordis anteriores

. At inspection, a patient with a sliced wound in the popliteal fossa area detected a lack of
sensitivity on the medial surface of the skin of the back leg. Which nerve is damaged?
Tibial nerve
Lateral cutaneous nerve of the shin
+Medial cutaneous nerve of the shin
Peroneal nerve
Sural nerve
. Patient A. was admitted to the neurological department with complaints of pain in the right half
of the face. The examination revealed decreased the sensitivity of the skin in this area, pain with
pressure in supra - and infraorbital points, chin. What nerve is affected?
Hypoglossal
Facial
 +Trigeminal
Accessorius
Cutaneous branches of brachial plexus

. Surgeon, operating the abdominal part of esophagus may accidentally injure a vessel:
a.gastroduodenalis
a.gastrica dextra
a.gastroepiploica sinistra
+ a.gastrica sinistra
a.gastroepiploica dextra
. In patients with epidemic encephalitis are observed single or bilateral ptosis (eyelid ptosis),
disturbance of accommodation. The pupils were dilated. Nuclei which pairs of cranial nerves
affected?
IV
+III
V
VI E.
VII

. In a patient, there was diagnosed the apicoanterior infarct of myocardium due to thrombosis of
one of the vessels of the heart. Of which?
circumflex branch branch of left coronary artery
posterior interventricular branch of right coronary artery
+anterior interventricular of left coronary artery
marginal branch of left coronary artery
marginal branch of right coronary artery

. The man has appeared pain, swelling and redness in the anterolateral thigh and the top of the big
toe. What are the lymph nodes of the lower limb responded to inflammation?
Common iliac
Deep inguinal
Internal iliac
Superficial iliac
+Superficial inguinal

. In a patient expansion of veins and thrombophlebitis on the medial surface of the legs. What
affected vein?
А. tibialis anterior
+V. saphena magna
V. saphena parva
А. tibialis posterior
V. poplitea

. The man 36 years after operation were observed convulsive contractions of the diaphragm.
Which nerve blockade needs to be done to eliminate this complication ?
N. vagus
N. splanchnicus major
+ N. phrenicus
N. accessorius
Tr. Sympathicus
. After the trauma of the anterior surface of the upper third of the forearm patient has disorders of
pronation, weakening palmar flexion of the hand and skin sensitivity infringement 1-3 fingers on
the palm. Which nerve is damaged?
N. musculocutaneus
+ N. medianus
N. ulnaris
N. cutaneus antebrachii medialis
N. radialis

. As a result of trauma, patients injured the abducent nerve. Which symptoms are observed?
Paralysis of the medial rectus muscle of the eyeball.
+ Paralysis of the lateral rectus muscle of the eyeball.
Persistent mydriasis.
Disorder accommodation.
Violation of tearing.

. At 45-year-old patient in the right lower extremity, the pallor of skin and absence of the arteria
dorsalis pedis and the arteria tibialis posterior pulsations are marked. A pulsation of the femoral
artery is felt. Of what artery did the damage happen?
tibial anterior
external iliac
deep femoral
fibular
+ popliteal

. A patient has a tumor of the eyesocket tissues behind the eyeball. Disruption of the
accomodation and pupil constriction is observed. What anatomical structure is damaged?
Ganglion ciliare.
+N.nasociliaris.
N. trochlearis.
N.lacrimalis.
N.opticus.

. A 29-year-old man with a knife wound of the neck presents with bleeding. During the initial d-
bridement of the wound a surgeon revealed the injury of a vessel situated along the lateral edge
of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Specify this vessels:
A.carotis interna.
V.jugularis anterior.
A.carotis externa.
+V.jugularis externa.
V.jugularis interna.

. Angiocardiography of a 60-years-old man revealed constriction of a vessel located in the left

coronary sulcus of the heart. Name this pathological vessel:
Ramus interventricularis posterior.
V.cordis parva.
Ramus interventricularis anterior.
A.coronaria dextra.
+ Ramus circumflexus.
. While examining foot blood supply a doctor checks the pulsation of a large artery running in the
separate fibrous channel in the front of articulatio talocruralis between the tendons of long
extensor muscles of the halluz and toes. What artery is it?
a.fibularis.
a. tibialis anterior.
a.tarsea lateralis.
+ a.tarsea medialis.
a.dorsalis pedis.

. During appendectomy a patient had the a.appendicularis ligated. This vessel branches from the
following artery:
a.sigmoidea.
+a ileocolica.
a.mesenterica inferior.
a.colica dextra.
a.colica media

. A child has a wound located posterior to the mastiod process. Bright red blood flows from the
wound. Damaged are the branches of the following artery:
a.carotis interna.
a.carotis interna.
+a.occipitalis.
a.maxillaris.
a.temporalis superior.

. A patient with suspected necrosis of the upper abdominal cavity organs was delivered to a
surgical department. This condition is associated with acute circulatory disturbance of the
following vessels:
a.mesenterica superior.
a.iliaca communis.
+Truncus coeliacus.
a.renalis.
a.mesenterica inferior

. A man arrived into a traumatological department with a trauma of the right shoulder.
Examination revealed a displaced humeral shaft fracture on the right in the middle right third of
the humerus; the patient can't extend the fingers if his right hand. What nerve is damaged?
Musculocutaneus.
+Radial
Ulnar
Axillary
Median
1. At which vertebral level does the abdominal aorta terminate?
A. Th12
B. L2
C. L4
D. S2
E. C4
2. At what vertebral level does the aorta pass through the diaphragm and the
coeliac trunk
arise?
A. Th10
B. Th11
C. Th12
D. L1
E. L2
3. Choose arteries of blood supply of caecum and colon ascendens.
A. A.colica media, aa. pancreatoduodenales inferiors
B. A.iliolica, a.colica dextra
C. A.iliolica, a.colica sinistra