Roxanna Font
Case A
Overall Quality:
Poor/ non diagnostic
Positioning Errors:
Chin up: Flattened mandible, "frown" curve, widened condyles
Artifacts/Anomalies/Pathology:
Increased white contrast in glossopharyngeal space do not let visibility of anterior max apices.
Asses Bony landmarks:
o Vertebrae, hyoid bone: partially seen
o Mastoid Process, Styloid Process: Mastoid seen and without pathology, styloid process is cropped
pit
o External Auditory Meatus: no pathology
o Mandibular Fossa, Articular Eminence: no pathology
o Condyle, Mandibular Notch, Coronoid Process, Ramus, Angle, Body: widened and flattened due to
positioning error
o Pterygoid Plates: unable to see left, right appears no pathology
o Pterygomaxillary Fissure: no pathology
o Orbit: no pathology
o Zygomatic Arch: unable to distinguish left, right appears no pathology
o Hard Palate: no pathology
o Nasal cavity, nasal septum, concha: high contrast radiolucency in place
o Maxillary tuberosity: flattened
o Mandibular Canal, Mental Foramen, External Oblique Ridge: widened mandibular canal,
radiolucency in inferior mandible obscures mental foramen, ridge reabsorption noted more on the
right.
Assess Soft Tissues and Air Spaces:
o Ear Lobe, Soft Palate, Lips, Epiglottis: indistinct
o Nasopharynx, Oropharynx: indistinct
o Maxillary Sinus: bilaterally similar, clear.
Alveolar and Crestal Bone:
o Horizontal or vertical bone loss: Horizontal loss seen in left and right mandibular arcs. Vertical bone
loss can be suspected in teeth #10-#11
o Furcation Defects: Class ¾ furcation defects in mandibular molars.
Dentition:
o PDL and lamina dura spaces around each tooth: Mandibular molars lost PDL and lamina dura,
breakdown of LD in mandibular teeth, widened in Max anteriors
o Follicles of any developing teeth: none
o Presence⁄ absence of:
Eruptive or positional abnormalities: drifted mandibular molars and mand premolar
Caries: indistinct
Restorations: amalgam Class 1 restoration in #18, #29 and #31. FPD #5-12 with #5 and #8
pontic
Calculus: noted
Developmental or acquired abnormalities: none
Other pathology: periapical radiolucency in # 25, #21. Complete Crown fracture in #22 and
#27
Case B Panograph
Overall Quality:
Fair, diagnostic
Positioning Errors: None
Artifacts/Anomalies/Pathology:
Glossopharyngeal, palatoglossal and nasopharyngeal air space noted.
Asses Bony landmarks:
o Vertebrae, hyoid bone: no pathology present
o Mastoid Process, Styloid Process: Mastoid process in right appears displaced more anteriorly than
on the left. Styloid process is indistinct
o External Auditory Meatus: no pathology seen, indistinct on the right
o Mandibular Fossa, Articular Eminence: indistinct in the right.
o Condyle, Mandibular Notch, Coronoid Process, Ramus, Angle, Body: no pathology
o Pterygoid Plates: no pathology
o Pterygomaxillary Fissure: no pathology
o Orbit: no pathology
o Zygomatic Arch: no pathology
o Hard Palate: no pathology
o Nasal cavity, nasal septum, concha: high contrast radiolucency in place
o Maxillary tuberosity: pea size radiolucency in the left arc
o Mandibular Canal, Mental Foramen, External Oblique Ridge: no pathology
Assess Soft Tissues and Air Spaces:
o Ear Lobe, Soft Palate, Lips, Epiglottis: no pathology
o Nasopharynx, Oropharynx: clear
o Maxillary Sinus: Left sinus appear congested
Alveolar and Crestal Bone:
o Horizontal or vertical bone loss: Horizontal bone loss seen in the implant site.
o Furcation Defects: none seen
Dentition:
o Widened lamina dura seen in #3
o Follicles of any developing teeth: none
o Presence⁄ absence of:
Eruptive or positional abnormalities: none
Caries: indistinct
Restorations: amalgam Class 2 restoration in #30. Composite Class 1 #15. Implant without
restoration #20
Calculus: noted
Developmental or acquired abnormalities: none
Other pathology: none noted
Case C
Overall Quality:
Fair/ diagnostic
Positioning Errors:
None
Artifacts/Anomalies/Pathology:
Necklace captured. High contrast,
Asses Bony landmarks:
o Vertebrae, hyoid bone: partially seen
o Mastoid Process, Styloid Process: Mastoid displaced on the left. , styloid process presents no
pathology
o External Auditory Meatus: no pathology
o Mandibular Fossa, Articular Eminence: articular eminence seems displaced on the left
o Condyle, Mandibular Notch, Coronoid Process, Ramus, Angle, Body: ramus appear lower
positioned and wider on the left.
o Pterygoid Plates: no pathology
o Pterygomaxillary Fissure: congested
o Orbit: no pathology
o Zygomatic Arch: different unilateral
o Hard Palate: no pathology
o Nasal cavity, nasal septum, concha: no pathology
o Maxillary tuberosity: no pathology
o Mandibular Canal, Mental Foramen, External Oblique Ridge: no pathology. Root apices of #17
appear inside the canal.
Assess Soft Tissues and Air Spaces:
o Ear Lobe, Soft Palate, Lips, Epiglottis: no pathology
o Nasopharynx, Oropharynx: indistinct
o Maxillary Sinus: bilaterally similar, clear.
Alveolar and Crestal Bone:
o Horizontal or vertical bone loss: Vertical bone loss seen between #13-15
o Furcation Defects: none seen
Dentition:
o PDL and lamina dura spaces around each tooth: Lost of PDL in #30 D root
o Follicles of any developing teeth: none
o Presence⁄ absence of:
Eruptive or positional abnormalities: supraerupted #1
Caries: indistinct
Restorations: class 1 amalgam restoration in #1, class 1 composite in #2, #3, #4 , #15, #18,
and #31. Endo with PFM crown in #30
Calculus: noted
Developmental or acquired abnormalities: none
Other pathology: none
Case D
Overall Quality:
Fair/ diagnostic
Positioning Errors: none
Artifacts/Anomalies/Pathology: none
Asses Bony landmarks:
o Vertebrae, hyoid bone: none seen
o Mastoid Process, Styloid Process: present, no pathology
o External Auditory Meatus: no pathology
o Mandibular Fossa, Articular Eminence: flattened articular eminence.
o Condyle, Mandibular Notch, Coronoid Process, Ramus, Angle, Body: indistinct coronoid process in
the left.
o Pterygoid Plates: unable to see left, right appears no pathology
o Pterygomaxillary Fissure: no pathology
o Orbit: no pathology
o Zygomatic Arch: unable to distinguish left, right appears no pathology
o Hard Palate: no pathology
o Nasal cavity, nasal septum, concha: congested right nasal cavity
o Maxillary tuberosity: extremely reabsorbed
o Mandibular Canal, Mental Foramen, External Oblique Ridge: widened mandibular canal, inclear
right mental foramen, bridges are reabsorbed
Assess Soft Tissues and Air Spaces:
o Ear Lobe, Soft Palate, Lips, Epiglottis: indistinct
o Nasopharynx, Oropharynx: indistinct
o Maxillary Sinus: bilaterally similar, clear.
Alveolar and Crestal Bone:
o Horizontal or vertical bone loss: Horizontal loss seen in both mandibular and maxillary arc.
o Furcation Defects: No multirooted teeth present
o PDL and lamina dura spaces around each tooth: loss of lamina dura in D #21
o Follicles of any developing teeth: none
o Presence⁄ absence of:
Eruptive or positional abnormalities: no
Caries: D #27 and #26, recurrent caries in #21
Restorations: amalgam #25, and #20
Calculus: none noted
Developmental or acquired abnormalities: none
Other pathology: periapical radiolucency in # 20 root, #20 has no crown. #28 and #29 has
endo but no restoration. Large periapical radiolucency seen in #27.
Case A FMX
Overall Quality: good/fair
Missing Radiographs: No missing radiographs
Apices: captured most . missing apices of tooth #2, #17
Overlap: acceptable
Alveolar Bone: Maxillary arc: generalized horizontal bone loss, mandibular: bone loss seen in anteriors
Periapical pathology: None seen
If errors, how would you address them: no errors I would correct
Findings
Tooth Clinical Findings observed on radiograph
1. x
2. -
3. -
4. Class 2 OD comp rest, possib D recurrent decay
5. -
6. -
7 -
8. -
9. -
10. -
11. -
12. -
13. Class 2 OD amalgam
14. Class 1 amalgam
15. Class 2 OM amalgam
16. x
17. X
18. Class 1 compos
19. Class 2 MOD comp
20. Class 2 OD comp
21. -
22. -
23. -
24. -
25. -
26. -
27. -
28 -
29. Class 2 DO amalgam
30. Class 1 O composite
31. Class 2 MO amalgam
32. x
Case B FMX
Overall Quality: Fair
Missing Radiographs: UR PA of #3-6
Overlap: Poor, max and mand anterior are harder to take without overlap
Alveolar Bone: Vertical bone loss #19
Periapical Pathology: periapical radiolucency in #13 and #28, expected to resolve after RCT: monitor
Tooth Clinical Findings observed on radiograph
1. x
2. Class 1 amalgam
3. Class 2 OF/or OL amalgam
4. x
5. x
6. D caries
7 -
8. -
9. Endo with no restoration/ open access
10. -
11. -
12. D caries
13. Endo post and core with endocrown. D and M open margins
14. Class 1 amalgam
15. x
16. x
17. X
18. Class 1 amalgam
19. -
20. x
21. D caries
22. -
23. -
24. -
25. -
26. -
27. -
28 Endo with PFM crown
29. D composite
30. Endo with PFM crown. Open margins M
31. Fractured DO, F or L walls. O decay extends to the pulp.
32. Impacted
