We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
9 Magnetism
9.1 Magnetic fields
E
Exercise 9.1A Magnetic field patterns
Focus
fields show.
1
PL
In this exercise, you will start to think about what magnetic
Look at the magnetic field pattern around this magnet.
M
a Write the letters N and S on the diagram to show the poles of
the magnet.
SA
b Mark, with the letter X on the diagram, one position where
the magnetic field is strong.
c Mark, with the letter W on the diagram, one position where
the magnetic field is weak.
185
Original material © Cambridge University Press 2021. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
9 Magnetism
2 The diagrams show the magnetic field lines between two magnets.
Write the letters N or S in each diagram to show the poles of the
magnets.
a b
E
Exercise 9.1B Magnetic fields
Practice
1 a
b
PL
In this exercise, you will describe magnetic fields.
Describe what is meant by the term ‘magnetic field’.
Magnetic Field means the force of attraction
around a magnet.
Describe how you could use a magnetic compass to detect a
M
magnetic field.
The needle will rotate to point toward the opposite pole of
a magnet. It can be very sensitive to small magnetic fields
SA
186
Original material © Cambridge University Press 2021. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
9.1 Magnetic fields
2 A bar magnet produces a magnetic field.
Describe how the strength of the magnetic field varies when
detected along the lines (a) and (b).
N S
a
E
b
fields
Practice
PL
Exercise 9.1C Interaction of magnetic
In this exercise, you will think about how magnetic fields interact with
M
each other.
1 Two magnetic poles on different magnets are brought together so
the magnetic fields interact.
Write the word ‘attract’ or the word ‘repel’ after each statement to
show the force that will result in each case.
SA
The magnetic field lines between the two poles are in opposite
directions .
The magnetic field lines between the two poles are in the same
direction .
187
Original material © Cambridge University Press 2021. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
9 Magnetism
2 Describe how a piece of paper and iron filings could be used to
show the pattern of the magnetic field between two south poles of
different magnets.
E
9.2 The Earth as a giant
magnet
Exercise 9.2A The Earth’s magnetic
field
PL
M
Focus
In this exercise, you will think about the magnetic field around
the Earth.
SA
1 Which statements are true about the Earth’s magnetic poles?
Tick (✓) all that are correct.
a The Earth’s magnetic poles have not always been in
the same positions.
b The Earth’s magnetic poles are exactly the same as
the geographic poles.
c The Earth’s magnetic poles are similar to the poles
of a bar magnet.
188
Original material © Cambridge University Press 2021. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
9.2 The Earth as a giant magnet
2 Which statement is true about the Earth’s magnetic field?
Tick (✓) one box.
a The Earth’s magnetic field occurs only at the poles.
b The Earth’s magnetic field occurs only at
the equator.
c The Earth’s magnetic field occurs all around
the Earth.
E
d The Earth’s magnetic field occurs only at
certain times.
3 a State the part of the Earth that the Earth’s magnetic field
comes from.
b
the Earth.
2
PL
Name the two magnetic metals that make up this part of
M
Exercise 9.2B Direction of the Earth’s
magnetic field
Practice
SA
In this exercise, you will think about the direction of the Earth’s
magnetic field.
1 From a point on the equator of the Earth, which direction do the
Earth’s magnetic field lines point?
Tick (✓) one box.
toward geographic south
toward geographic north
toward geographic east
toward geographic west
189
Original material © Cambridge University Press 2021. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
9 Magnetism
2 If the Earth is represented as a bar magnet, state which magnetic
pole of the bar magnet would be closer to geographic north.
3 a Describe how a steel needle can be magnetised by using a
bar magnet.
You do not need to predict the poles of the magnetised needle.
E
b
PL
Describe how the magnetised needle can be used to show that
the Earth has a magnetic field.
M
SA
190
Original material © Cambridge University Press 2021. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
9.2 The Earth as a giant magnet
4 Describe how you could show the direction of the Earth’s magnetic
field by using:
• a bar magnet
• string
• adhesive tape
• a wooden clamp stand.
You may draw a labelled diagram to help your answer.
E
PL
M
SA
191
Original material © Cambridge University Press 2021. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
9 Magnetism
Exercise 9.2C Strength of the Earth’s
magnetic field
Challenge
In this exercise, you will think about the strength of the Earth’s
magnetic field.
1 Which is of these is stronger?
E
Tick (✓) one box.
the Earth’s magnetic field where you live
the strength of the magnetic field 1 cm from the end
of a bar magnet
PL
Explain one piece of evidence for your choice.
M
SA
192
Original material © Cambridge University Press 2021. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
9.2 The Earth as a giant magnet
2 The map shows how the strength of the Earth’s magnetic field
varies in different parts of the world.
60 000 60 000
00
50 0
0
40 00
E
30 000
50 000
PL 30 000
The lines on the map join places where the magnetic field strength
is equal.
Most lines are labelled with units at intervals of every 10 000 units.
65 000
M
a How many lines represent an increase of 10 000 units in the
magnetic field strength?
b By how many units does the magnetic field strength change
SA
from one line to the next?
c On the map, mark with the letter X where the magnetic field is
greater than 65 000 units.
d On the map, mark with the letter W where the magnetic field
is weakest.
e Write down the magnetic field strength where you live.
units
193
Original material © Cambridge University Press 2021. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
9 Magnetism
9.3 Electromagnets
Exercise 6.3A Electromagnets 1
Focus
In this exercise, you will think about making an electromagnet.
E
1 Elsa has:
• a V cell
• connectors for use in a circuit
•
a
b
a switch.
electromagnet.
2
PL
Write down two more things that Elsa needs to make an
Which of these could Elsa use to test her electromagnet?
M
Underline one thing.
steel paperclips wooden matchsticks
grains of salt pieces of paper
2 A coil of wire is wrapped around a metal core.
SA
Current is passed through the wire.
Which of these metals could be magnetised when used in the core?
Tick (✓) two boxes.
copper
aluminium
steel
gold
iron
194
Original material © Cambridge University Press 2021. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
9.3 Electromagnets
3 State one way in which an electromagnet is different from a
permanent magnet.
Exercise 9.3B Electromagnets 2
E
Practice
In this exercise, you will think about how electromagnets work.
1 List two applications of electromagnets.
PL
M
SA
195
Original material © Cambridge University Press 2021. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
9 Magnetism
2 Marcus makes an electromagnet. The electromagnet is shown in
the diagram.
iron nail
cell
coil of
insulated wire
E
switch
PL
When the switch is closed, the end of the nail can be used to
pick up pins.
Explain why.
M
b When the switch is opened, the pins fall off the iron nail.
Explain why.
SA
c Describe how Marcus could test whether the pointed end of
the nail behaves as a north pole or a south pole.
196
Original material © Cambridge University Press 2021. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
9.3 Electromagnets
Exercise 9.3C Electromagnets 3
Challenge
In this exercise, you think in more detail about electromagnets.
1 Zara makes an electromagnet, as shown in the diagram.
Zara uses the pointed end of the nail to attract paperclips. Zara
then writes this hypothesis:
E
The pointed end of the nail must be the North pole of
this electromagnet.
– +
a Explain why this hypothesis could be false.
b
PL
Describe how Zara could use a bar magnet to test her hypothesis.
Include any observations she would make.
M
SA
c Zara discovers that the pointed end of the nail is the North
pole of this electromagnet.
Suggest two changes to this electromagnet that would make
the pointed end of the nail become the south pole.
197
Original material © Cambridge University Press 2021. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
9 Magnetism
9.4 Investigating
electromagnets
Exercise 9.4A Strength of
electromagnets 1
E
Focus
In this exercise, you think about the number of turns in the coil and the
strength of electromagnets.
1
The table shows his results.PL
Marcus investigates how the number of turns on the coil of
an electromagnet affects the number of paperclips that the
electromagnet can hold.
Number of turn on the coil
5
Number of paperclips lifted
1
M
10 2
15 4
20 5
25 10
30 12
SA
35 16
a Complete the sentences about these results.
As the number of turns on the coil increases, the number of
paperclips lifted .
This means the electromagnet gets as the
number of turns on the coil increases.
198
Original material © Cambridge University Press 2021. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
9.4 Investigating electromagnets
b Marcus thinks one of his results is anomalous.
Which one?
c Suggest what Marcus should do about this anomalous result.
E
d Which of these should Marcus keep constant during his
investigation.
Tick (✓) all that are correct.
size of the paperclips
current in the coil
PL
number of turns in the coil
material in the core
temperature of the paperclips
type of switch in the circuit
M
SA
199
Original material © Cambridge University Press 2021. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
9 Magnetism
Exercise 9.4B Strength of
electromagnets 2
Practice
In this exercise, you think about current in the coil and the strength
of electromagnets.
1 Sofia investigates how the current in the coil of an electromagnet
E
affects the strength of the electromagnet.
Sofia measures the strength of the electromagnet by the number of
steel pins that can be lifted. All the pins have the same mass.
a List two factors that Sofia needs to keep constant in her
b
investigation.
2 PL
Sofia uses an adjustable power supply, like the one
shown in the picture.
i Describe two advantages in this investigation,
M
of using this power supply, compared to
changing the number of cells in the circuit.
1
SA
200
Original material © Cambridge University Press 2021. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
9.4 Investigating electromagnets
ii What safety risk must Sofia be aware of when the current
gets larger?
Tick (✓) one box.
The electromagnet lifts too many pins.
The wire in the coil gets too hot.
The electromagnet stops working.
The pins get too hot.
E
c When the current in the circuit is 1.0A, the electromagnet lifts
25 pins.
Suggest the number of pins lifted when the current is:
ii
2.0 A
0.5 A
PL
M
SA
201
Original material © Cambridge University Press 2021. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
9 Magnetism
Exercise 9.4C Strength of
electromagnets 3
Challenge
In this exercise, you will think in more detail about measuring the
strength of electromagnets.
1 Arun investigates how the number of turns in the coil affects the
E
strength of an electromagnet.
a List two other factors that affect the strength of an
electromagnet.
b
1
PL
Arun measures the strength of the electromagnet by finding
how many paperclips the electromagnet can hold.
Arun can use large paperclips or small paperclips.
Explain which would give better results.
M
SA
202
Original material © Cambridge University Press 2021. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
9.4 Investigating electromagnets
2 Marcus makes an electromagnet. He arranges the core of the
electromagnet vertically above an iron block. The iron block rests
on a digital balance. This equipment is shown in the diagram.
clamp stand
iron core
E
wires to
power supply
a
digital
balance
PL
iron block
20.00 g
Explain what will happen to the reading on the digital balance
when the electromagnet is switched on.
M
b Complete this sentence.
As the current in the electromagnet increases, the reading on
SA
the balance will
c Marcus says ‘If the connection from the electromagnet to the
power supply is reversed, then the change in readings on the
balance will also be reversed.’
Explain whether or not Marcus is correct.
203
Original material © Cambridge University Press 2021. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
E
PL
M
SA
Original material © Cambridge University Press 2021. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
