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DATA COMMUNICATION
ICT-5105
ASSIGNMENT ON “ IPV4 vs. IPV6 “
To Honorable:
Dr. Shahin Akter
Assistant Professor
IICT-BUET.
Submitted By:
Md.Dedarul Hasan
Reg.Id: 0417311011
PGD in IT, IICT-BUET.
IICT, BUET
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ABSTRACT
Objectives: Assignment jobs to find out the specific classification between IPV4 & IPV6 .Where
the IPV4 is to represents the current IP version along with its benefits & extra efficiency.
However IPV6 also the specialized & enlarged integration of IPV4 performance & newest IP
version technology having with the benefits & future effective efficiency. Here we have shown all
descriptions about IPV4 & IPV6 internet version protocol along with differ, benefits &
implementations in internet connectivity world over Bangladesh.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In performing my assignment work, I had to take the help and guideline of
some respected persons, who deserve our greatest gratitude. The
completion of this assignment gives us much Pleasure. We would like to
show our gratitude Dr. Shahin Akter, Asst. Professor, IICT, BUET, Course
title- Data Communication [ICT-5105].Even the class contribution of our
Dr.Rubayet Hossein Mondol, Professor, IICT, BUET, and Course Title-
Computer Network which supported to covers the assignment topic
completeness with configurations & standardizations. They are the best
minded& helpful to encourage us to perform with the latest technology
research era with subjective to reach destinations & improve expertness.
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PAGE INDEX
FINAL ASSIGNMENT WORK - IPV4 vs. IPV6
[1] ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………………………...2
[2] ACKNOWLEDGEMENT…………………………………………………………………….........3
[3] INTORDUCTION………………………………………………………………………………….5
[4] DIFFERENCE BETWEEN-IPV4 vs. IPV6……………………………………………………......6
[5] BENEFITS OF IPV4……………………………………………………………………………….7
[6] BENEFITS OF IPV6…………………………………………………………………………….....8
[7] IPV4 or IPV6 in BANGLADESH…………………………………………………………………9
[8] SPECIFICALLY USED THE IPV4 & IPV6……………………………………………………..10
[9] CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………………………………...11
[10] REFERENCES…………………………………………………………………………………..12
[11] BIOGRAPHY…………………………………………………………………………………....13
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INTRODUCTION
IPV4:
IPv4 stands for Internet Protocol version 4. It is the underlying technology that makes it possible for us
to connect our devices to the web. Whenever a device access the Internet (whether it's a PC, Mac,
Smartphone or other device), it is assigned a unique, numerical IP address such as 99.48.227.227. To
send data from one computer to another through the web, a data packet must be transferred across the
network containing the IP addresses of both devices.
Features:
Connectionless Protocol
Allow creating a simple virtual communication layer over diversified devices
It requires less memory, and ease of remembering addresses
Already supported protocol by millions of devices
Offers video libraries and conferences
IPV6:
Internet Protocol Version 6 is a revised protocol for the ID systems used to differentiate computers on a
network routing traffic across the Internet. Every computer that communicates over the Internet must
carry its own address. Up until 2013, IPv4 had been used, however the world’s supply of IPv4
addresses have been depleted; IPv6 succeeds IPv4 web addresses.
Features:
Large address space: IPv6 uses 128-bit addresses, which means that for each person on the
Earth there are 48,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 addresses!
Enhanced security: IPSec (Internet Protocol Security) is built into IPv6 as part of the
protocol. This means that two devices can dynamically create a secure tunnel without user
intervention.
Header improvements: the packed header used in IPv6 is simpler than the one used in IPv4.
The IPv6 header is not protected by a checksum so routers do not need to calculate a checksum
for every packet.
No need for NAT: since every device has a globally unique IPv6 address, there is no need for
NAT.
Stateless address auto configuration: IPv6 devices can automatically configure themselves
with an IPv6 address.
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DIFFERENCE BETWEEN- IPV4 vs. IPV6
IPV4 IPV6
1. Address length 32 bit. 1. Address length 128 bit.
2. Address representation is 4 decimal numbers 2. Address representation is 8 groups of 4
from 0-255 separated by periods. hexadecimal digits separated by colons
3. Packet header 20 bytes long. 3. Packet header 40 bytes long, but simpler than
the IPV4 packet header
4. Configuration are manual or through DHCP. 4. Configurations are auto-configuration of
addresses is available
5. IPSec support optional 5. IPSec support is Built-in.
6. There are 3 types – Unicast, Anycast & 6. There are 3 types – Unicast, Anycast &
Multicast. Multicast,
7. Has checksum fields 7. Doesn’t has the checksum fields
8. Example -12.244.233.165 8. Example-
2001:0db8:0000:0000:0000:ff00:0042:7879
9. IPv4 support VLSM (Virtual Length Subnet 9. IPv6 does not offer support for VLSM.
Mask).
10. Fragmentation is done by sending and 10. Fragmentation is done by the sender.
forwarding routes.
11. RIP is a routing protocol supported by the 11. RIP does not support IPv6. It uses static
routed daemon. routes.
12. Widespread use of NAT (Network address 12. It allows direct addressing because of vast
translation) devices which allows single NAT address Space.
address can mask thousands of non-routable
addresses, making end-to-end integrity
achievable.
13. Use for the designated network from host 13. Not used.
portion.
14. SNMP is a protocol used for system 14. SNMP does not support IPv6.
management.
15. Relatively constrained network topologies to 15. IPv6 provides interoperability and mobility
which move restrict mobility and interoperability capabilities which are embedded in network
capabilities. devices.
16. Security is dependent on applications - IPv4 16. IPSec (Internet Protocol Security) is built into
was not designed with security in mind. the IPv6 protocol, usable with a proper key
infrastructure.
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BENEFITS OF IPV4
Advantages of IPV4:
IPv4 is still dominating the industry because of the many advantages it provides.
4 top benefit of IPV4:
1.Reliable Security
2.Large Routing Task
3.Video Libraries & Conferences
4.Flexible
All systems have no problem handling IPV4 routing. This makes it easy to connect
devices with IPV4 address and manage them
IPV4 offers incredible security, the Internet Protocol has been safe for years & there is
no difference now.
IPV4 has many functional routers which form the backbone of the internet.
IPV4 offers flexibility and scalability.
Limitations of IPV4:
1. The lack of address space - the number of different devices connected to the Internet grows
exponentially, and the size of the address space is quickly depleted;
Weak protocol extensibility - the insufficient size of the IPv4 header, which does not
accommodate the required number of additional parameters;
The problem of security of communications - no means are provided to limit access to
information hosted on the network. IPv4 has never been designed for security.
Originally designed as an isolated military network
Then adapted for public education and research network
Lack of quality of service support - placement of information about bandwidth, delays required
for smooth operation of some network applications are not supported;
Geographic limitations - since the Internet was created in the USA, this country is also
involved in the distribution of IP addresses. Almost 50% of all addresses are reserved for the
United States.
It is impossible to stop the IPv4 depletion and transition to IPv6 is inevitable.
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BENEFITS OF IPV6
Advantages of IPV6:
IPV6 is the upgraded & rising IP version to future integrations.
Increased Capacity: of address space—resources are efficiently allocated to
accommodate additional web addresses.
Efficient Routing: allows for easy aggregation of prefixes assigned to IP networks.
Efficient Data Flow: enables large data packets to be sent simultaneously helping to
conserve bandwidth.
Security: is improved due in part to improved authentication methods built into
network firewalls.
Limitations of IPV6:
Conversion: IPv4 is still widely used and the world is slow to convert to IPv6.
Communication: IPv4 and IPv6 machines cannot communicate directly to each other,
in the very rare circumstance that they would need to.
Transition: The process of making the switch to IPv6 from IPv4 is slow and tedious.
Readability: Understanding IPv6 subnetting can be difficult on its own, let alone
trying to remember/memorize your IPv6 address.
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IPV4 or IPV6 in Bangladesh
IPV4 is commonly used all over the world & it’s the efficiently working every internet
connectivity sectors. As like that, IPV4 are being used widely in Bangladesh for a long time.
But the deployment of IPv6 is far beyond satisfactory level in Bangladesh.IPV6 is the startup
feature for the internet protocol. Though some organizations or company already started or
thinking to begin with that version adoptions.
IPV4 vs. IPV6 activities:
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SPECIFICALLY USED- IPV4 & IPV6
IPV4 & IPV6 used in the internet service sector even as with the business value.IPV4 is old and
currently using in the market place but IPV6 has the huge market in future implementations consider
with its features in Bangladesh.
IPV6 ADOBTION BY THAT ORGANIZATIONS:
IPV6 Deployment in Bangladesh:
Connectivity towards Bangladesh
Network Hierarchy
Prefix Status-International & Domestic
Readiness of Network
Industry Practice & Feedback
Community Initiatives
IPV6: Last Mile Broadband
Biggest challenge mentioned by ISP engineers:
need to upgrade their PPPoE/RADIUS SERVER
Bandwidth Control in a dual stack environment is a challenge for them.
IPV6: Corporate offices
IT Team to Corporate organizations does not aware of IPV6
Still very happy in NATed Environment
Need to create awareness among Corporate IT Teams.
IPV6 : Community Initiatives
SANOG, BDNOG AND ISPAB hosting at least 2 workshops per year on IPV6 deployment with
active support from APNIC.
Internet Society, Dhaka Chapter hosted event for creating awareness on IPV6.
Need engagement with ISP Management.ISP Association promised to take initiatives.
Need awareness in Corporate IT Teams. Probably need to bring then in NOG meetings?
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CONCLUSION
Transitioning to IPv6 is a very significant event in the history of the Internet. Moreover, the push to
upgrade to IPv6 connectivity will intensify—and those who do not upgrade will be stuck in slower
communication mediums.
In other words, websites engineered to run on IPv6 connectivity will be forced to go through another
gateway just to communicate with a business or household stuck on IPv4 connectivity. IPv6 protocols
have officially debuted and represent the next generation of networking protocols. As previously stated,
the world has depleted its supply of IPv4 addresses.
The world is quickly evolving to offer Internet connectivity through various devices apart from
computers and mobile phones. More IPv6 web addresses will need to be allocated to accommodate
growth in the coming years.
Perhaps the only downside is that IPv4 and IPv6 networking protocols will have trouble
communicating with one another, but companies and researchers are still coming up with ways to
“wrap” IPv4 packet data in IPv6 format, if only to bridge the gap between these two communication
channels.
How IPv6 Supports the Growth of the Internet
The Internet Protocol (IP) is one of the pillars in support of the Internet, which has been around for
almost 25 years. It originated as a concise set of 45 pages in RFC 791 and acts as the network-layer
protocol for the Internet.
In 1991 the IETF determined that the IPv4 had outgrown its design and moved to develop the next
thing. After much research, the IETF released a clear direction and IPv6 started to be formed in 1994. It
is now described in the Internet standard document RFC 2460, published in December 1998. As of
1994, over 30 IPv6 RFCs have been published. The most impactful change from IPv4 to IPv6 is the
actual address. IPv4 had a 32 bit long (4 bytes) address, which is composed of a network and host
portions.
With IPv6, address is now 128 bits long (16 bytes), typically the host portion of this address will be
derived from a MAC address or other interface identifier. While IPv4 is still the most widely used, the
Internet Engineering Task Force is advising all to use IPv6 because of the foreseeable exhaustion of
IPv4. This expansion gives the flexibility that allocating address and routing traffic needs, as well as
eliminates the need for NAT (network address translation).
An Internet Protocol address is also known as IP address
IPv4 was the first version of IP which was deployed for production in the ARPANET in 1983
IPV6 is the most recent version of the Internet Protocol. Internet Engineer Taskforce initiated
it in early 1994.
IPV4 allows creating a simple virtual communication layer over diversified devices
IPV6 supports Hierarchical addressing and routing infrastructure
IPv4 is a 32-Bit IP Address while IPv6 is 128 Bit IP Address
IPv4 offers five different classes of IP Address.
IPv6 is 128 Bit IP Address
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REFERENCES:
[1] http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7885821/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273441862_IPv6_Deployment_in_Bangladesh_An_An
[2]
alysis_of_the_Present_State_and_theWay_Forward
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/312153205_Transition_from_IPv4_to_IPv6_in_Bangla
[3]
desh_The_Competent_and_Enhanced_Way_to_Follow
https://www.sanog.org/resources/sanog32/SANOG32_Conference_IPv4_Routing_Table_Update
[4]
-Philip_Smith.pdf
[5] https://lite.ip2location.com/bangladesh-ip-address-ranges
[6] https://ipv6-test.com/stats/country/BD
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261071997_An_Innovative_Simulation_Comparison_
[7] Methodology_Framework_for_Evaluating_the_Performance_Evaluation_of_a_Novel_IPv4IPv6_
Transition_Mechanisms_BD-SIIT_vs_DSTM
[8] https://www.slideshare.net/apnic/ipv6-deployment-in-bangladesh
[9]
[10]
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BIOGRAPHY
Md.Dedarul Hasan
Student ID: 0417311011
Session ID: April, 2017
PG.Dip in ICT
IICT, BUET.
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